CN103497289B - The effective material of no-dig technique type cable protection and cable protection pipe - Google Patents
The effective material of no-dig technique type cable protection and cable protection pipe Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103497289B CN103497289B CN201310455038.3A CN201310455038A CN103497289B CN 103497289 B CN103497289 B CN 103497289B CN 201310455038 A CN201310455038 A CN 201310455038A CN 103497289 B CN103497289 B CN 103497289B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- cable protection
- type cable
- protection pipe
- density polyethylene
- dig technique
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxy]-2,2-bis[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxymethyl]propyl] 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical group CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(CCC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OKKRPWIIYQTPQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC(CC)(COC(=O)C(C)=C)COC(=O)C(C)=C OKKRPWIIYQTPQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylpropan-2-ylperoxy)propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003011 styrenyl group Chemical group [H]\C(*)=C(/[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004595 color masterbatch Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Natural products C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种非开挖型电缆保护管用材料。该材料主要是采用改性聚丙烯与低密度聚乙烯复合而成,所用改性聚丙烯为聚丙烯再生料。按重量百分比计,其材料包括以下组分,改性聚丙烯(MPP)75~85%、低密度聚乙烯10~15%、引发剂0.1~1%、助剂0.5~6%、抗氧剂0.1~0.5%及色母料1.5~2.5%。与传统电缆保护管用MPP材料相比,本发明所述的非开挖型电缆保护管用材料的刚柔综合性能好,而且原料成本低廉,具有良好的市场应用前景。The invention relates to a material for a non-excavation type cable protection pipe. The material is mainly composed of modified polypropylene and low-density polyethylene, and the modified polypropylene used is recycled polypropylene. In terms of weight percentage, its material includes the following components, modified polypropylene (MPP) 75-85%, low-density polyethylene 10-15%, initiator 0.1-1%, auxiliary agent 0.5-6%, antioxidant 0.1-0.5% and color masterbatch 1.5-2.5%. Compared with the traditional MPP material for cable protection pipes, the non-excavation type cable protection pipe material of the present invention has good rigidity and flexibility comprehensive performance, and the cost of raw materials is low, so it has good market application prospects.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种非开挖型电缆保护管用材料及由其形成的非开挖型电缆保护管。The invention relates to a material for a non-excavation type cable protection pipe and a non-excavation type cable protection pipe formed therefrom.
背景技术Background technique
随着非开挖技术的引进,目前各大城市已大量采用地下非开挖技术铺设塑料电缆管传输电力,需求量剧增。目前市场上非开挖型MPP电缆保护管占有较大的比重。改性聚丙烯(MPP)管具有质轻、刚柔综合性能好、焊接强度高、耐高低温性好等优良特点。但相对于PE管来说,MPP管的成本价格较高。在生产过程中,如何在保持现有MPP管性能的基础上,进一步降低成本是关键任务。With the introduction of non-excavation technology, major cities have adopted a large number of underground non-excavation technology to lay plastic cable pipes to transmit electricity, and the demand has increased dramatically. At present, the non-excavation type MPP cable protection tube occupies a large proportion in the market. Modified polypropylene (MPP) pipe has excellent characteristics such as light weight, good comprehensive performance of rigidity and flexibility, high welding strength, and good high and low temperature resistance. However, compared with PE pipes, the cost price of MPP pipes is higher. In the production process, how to further reduce the cost on the basis of maintaining the performance of the existing MPP pipe is a key task.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种刚柔综合性能优良而且原料成本低廉的非开挖型电缆保护管用材料以及形成的保护管。The object of the present invention is to provide a non-excavation type cable protective pipe material with excellent rigidity and flexibility and low raw material cost and the formed protective pipe.
本发明提供一种非开挖型电缆保护管用材料,其组成原料按重量百分比计包括:The invention provides a material for non-excavation type cable protection tube, the raw materials of which consist of:
优选地,上述材料的原料中:Preferably, among the raw materials of the above-mentioned materials:
优选地,非开挖型电缆保护管用材料由上述原料经预混和热化并挤出造粒制得。Preferably, the material for the non-excavation type cable protection pipe is prepared from the above-mentioned raw materials through premixing, thermalization, extrusion and granulation.
优选地,非开挖型电缆保护管用材料,由上述原料经(1)预混:将改性聚丙烯、低密度聚乙烯和色母料在1000~1500转/分下高速混合3分钟,然后加入引发剂、助剂、抗氧剂,继续高速混合3分钟得到预混料;及(2)热化并挤出造粒:将预混料喂入双螺杆挤出机中,预热15分钟,其中螺杆各段温度为120~200℃。Preferably, the material for the non-excavation type cable protection tube is pre-mixed from the above-mentioned raw materials through (1): mixing modified polypropylene, low-density polyethylene and color masterbatch at 1000-1500 rpm for 3 minutes at high speed, and then Add initiators, additives, antioxidants, and continue to mix at high speed for 3 minutes to obtain a premix; and (2) heat and extrude granulation: feed the premix into a twin-screw extruder and preheat for 15 minutes , wherein the temperature of each section of the screw is 120-200°C.
本发明还提供一种非开挖型电缆保护管,其由上述材料制成。The present invention also provides a non-excavation type cable protection pipe made of the above materials.
本发明具有如下效果:The present invention has following effect:
1.该材料选用的改性聚丙烯(MPP)为聚丙烯(PP)再生料,符合国家的环保循环产业发展政策,节约资源,环保节能。1. The modified polypropylene (MPP) used for this material is a polypropylene (PP) recycled material, which is in line with the national environmental protection recycling industry development policy, saving resources, environmental protection and energy saving.
2.该材料中加入引发剂和助剂,通过接枝、交联等反应改善MPP和低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)的相容性。2. Initiators and auxiliary agents are added to the material to improve the compatibility of MPP and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) through reactions such as grafting and cross-linking.
3.该材料中加入的LDPE,弥补了PP再生料断裂伸长率低和韧性差的缺陷。3. The LDPE added to the material makes up for the defects of low elongation at break and poor toughness of PP recycled materials.
4.与传统电缆保护管用MPP材料相比,该材料具有良好的刚柔综合性能。4. Compared with traditional MPP materials for cable protection pipes, this material has good comprehensive performance of rigidity and flexibility.
5.在生产成本上与传统电缆保护管用MPP材料相比,该材料成本降低5~15%。5. In terms of production cost, compared with traditional MPP materials for cable protection pipes, the cost of this material is reduced by 5-15%.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面通过具体实施例对本发明作进一步描述。The present invention will be further described below through specific examples.
实施例1:Example 1:
非开挖型电缆保护管用材料的制备Preparation of material for non-excavation cable protection pipe
(1)按下述重量比称取原料:(1) Take raw materials by weight ratio as follows:
MPP为PP再生料,牌号为3015G,由上海鸿塑贸易有限公司生产;MPP is PP recycled material, the brand is 3015G, produced by Shanghai Hongsu Trading Co., Ltd.;
所述LDPE牌号为2102TX00,厂家:沙伯基础;The LDPE brand is 2102TX00, manufacturer: SABIC;
所述引发剂为过氧化二异丙苯;Described initiator is dicumyl peroxide;
助剂为苯乙烯(St),作为烯类单体,提供氢原子,抑制MPP的降解。The auxiliary agent is styrene (St), as an ethylenic monomer, which provides hydrogen atoms and inhibits the degradation of MPP.
所述抗氧剂为抗氧剂1010,抗氧剂1010的CAS号为:6683-19-8,分子式为:C73H108O12,化学名为:四[β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯,品牌:巴斯夫(汽巴ciba);The antioxidant is antioxidant 1010, the CAS number of antioxidant 1010 is: 6683-19-8, the molecular formula is: C 73 H 108 O 12 , the chemical name is: tetrakis[β-(3,5-di tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] pentaerythritol ester, brand: BASF (ciba ciba);
所述色母料牌号为E2619。The grade of the color masterbatch is E2619.
(2)将MPP、LDPE和色母料在1000~1500转/分下高速混合3分钟,然后加入引发剂、助剂、抗氧剂,继续高速混合3分钟得到预混料。(2) Mix MPP, LDPE and masterbatch at high speed for 3 minutes at 1000-1500 rpm, then add initiator, auxiliary agent and antioxidant, and continue mixing at high speed for 3 minutes to obtain a premix.
(3)将预混料喂入双螺杆挤出机中,预热15分钟,其中螺杆各段温度为120~200℃,挤出造粒,即可制得非开挖型电缆保护管用材料。(3) Feed the premixed material into the twin-screw extruder, preheat for 15 minutes, wherein the temperature of each section of the screw is 120-200°C, extrude and granulate, and then the non-excavation type cable protection tube material can be produced.
实施例2:Example 2:
非开挖型电缆保护管用材料的制备Preparation of material for non-excavation cable protection pipe
与实施例1不同之处为:The difference from Example 1 is:
所述LDPE牌号为2420H,厂家:茂名石化;The LDPE grade is 2420H, manufacturer: Maoming Petrochemical;
助剂为三烯丙基异氰酸酯(TAIC),是多官能团单体,抑制MPP的降解。所用预混及挤出工艺与实施例1相同。The auxiliary agent is triallyl isocyanate (TAIC), which is a multifunctional monomer and inhibits the degradation of MPP. Used premixing and extruding process are identical with embodiment 1.
实施例3:Example 3:
非开挖型电缆保护管用材料的制备Preparation of material for non-excavation cable protection pipe
与实施例1不同之处为:The difference from Example 1 is:
所述LDPE牌号为2420H,厂家:茂名石化;The LDPE grade is 2420H, manufacturer: Maoming Petrochemical;
助剂为三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯(TMPTMA),是多官能团单体,抑制MPP的降解。所用预混及挤出工艺与实施例1相同。The auxiliary agent is trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate (TMPTMA), which is a multifunctional monomer and inhibits the degradation of MPP. Used premixing and extruding process are identical with embodiment 1.
上述实施例1-3得到材料的性能见表1。The properties of the materials obtained in the above-mentioned Examples 1-3 are shown in Table 1.
从表1可知,与PP再生料和传统电缆保护管用MPP材料相比,本发明制备的非开挖型电缆保护管用材料具有良好的刚柔综合性能。It can be seen from Table 1 that, compared with PP recycled materials and traditional MPP materials for cable protection pipes, the non-excavation type cable protection pipe material prepared by the present invention has good comprehensive performance of rigidity and flexibility.
表中所列的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率根据GB/T1040-2006测试,弯曲强度根据GB/T9341-2000测试,缺口冲击强度根据GB/T1043-2008测试。The tensile strength and elongation at break listed in the table are tested according to GB/T1040-2006, the bending strength is tested according to GB/T9341-2000, and the notched impact strength is tested according to GB/T1043-2008.
表1材料性能Table 1 Material properties
由于本发明材料的最终目的是制成廉价高质量的电缆保护管,因此需要对各种材料制成的保护管性能进行比较测试,将表1所列的4种材料(除PP再生料)分别加工成非开挖型电缆保护管(Ф180*12mm),并对这4种保护管的性能进行了测试,结果见表2(所有数据均在同一条件下测定)。Since the ultimate purpose of the material of the present invention is to make cheap and high-quality cable protection tubes, it is necessary to compare and test the performance of protection tubes made of various materials. The four materials listed in Table 1 (except PP recycled materials) are respectively Processed into a non-excavation type cable protection tube (Ф180*12mm), and tested the performance of these four kinds of protection tubes, the results are shown in Table 2 (all data are measured under the same conditions).
由表2可以看出,实施例1、2、3所制得管材的各项性能指标均符合江苏省电缆保护管年度招标文件的技术要求,且和传统MPP电缆保护管相比降低了生产成本,具有良好的市场前景。As can be seen from Table 2, the performance indicators of the pipes made in Examples 1, 2, and 3 all meet the technical requirements of the annual bidding documents for cable protection pipes in Jiangsu Province, and compared with traditional MPP cable protection pipes, the production cost is reduced. , has a good market prospect.
表2管材性能Table 2 Pipe Properties
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201310455038.3A CN103497289B (en) | 2013-09-29 | 2013-09-29 | The effective material of no-dig technique type cable protection and cable protection pipe |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201310455038.3A CN103497289B (en) | 2013-09-29 | 2013-09-29 | The effective material of no-dig technique type cable protection and cable protection pipe |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN103497289A CN103497289A (en) | 2014-01-08 |
CN103497289B true CN103497289B (en) | 2016-01-20 |
Family
ID=49862560
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201310455038.3A Expired - Fee Related CN103497289B (en) | 2013-09-29 | 2013-09-29 | The effective material of no-dig technique type cable protection and cable protection pipe |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN103497289B (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103878966A (en) * | 2014-03-13 | 2014-06-25 | 苏州科茂电子材料科技有限公司 | Preparation method of insulation body in radio-frequency coaxial cable |
CN104086890B (en) * | 2014-07-11 | 2016-08-24 | 安徽宁国市高新管业有限公司 | A kind of high fire-retardance MPP electric power protection pipe |
CN104299698A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2015-01-21 | 安徽华峰电缆集团有限公司 | High-flexibility cable protection pipe |
CN105135075A (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2015-12-09 | 江苏洁润管业有限公司 | Polyethylene steel belt pipe |
CN107337849A (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2017-11-10 | 江苏道勤新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of telecommunication optical fiber insulating materials |
CN109897208A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-06-18 | 杭州人通管业有限公司 | A kind of fire-retardant corrosion proof cable protection pipe of drag reduction formula and its preparation process |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101114764A (en) * | 2006-07-27 | 2008-01-30 | 上海介通管业有限公司 | Modified polypropylene cable protection tube for non-digging direct-buried mode |
CN101353560A (en) * | 2008-09-11 | 2009-01-28 | 王成人 | Color graft copolymer adhesive using regenerative PP material as partial material and preparation thereof |
CN102477202A (en) * | 2010-11-23 | 2012-05-30 | 黎明 | Waste polypropylene modified thin-wall corrugated pipe and manufacturing method thereof |
CN102516669A (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2012-06-27 | 广东联塑科技实业有限公司 | Modified polypropylene mixture for non-excavating power cable communication casing pipes and preparation method thereof |
CN102863692A (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2013-01-09 | 四川塑金科技有限公司 | Modified regenerated polypropylene (PP) for pipes and pipe fittings and preparation method thereof |
-
2013
- 2013-09-29 CN CN201310455038.3A patent/CN103497289B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101114764A (en) * | 2006-07-27 | 2008-01-30 | 上海介通管业有限公司 | Modified polypropylene cable protection tube for non-digging direct-buried mode |
CN101353560A (en) * | 2008-09-11 | 2009-01-28 | 王成人 | Color graft copolymer adhesive using regenerative PP material as partial material and preparation thereof |
CN102477202A (en) * | 2010-11-23 | 2012-05-30 | 黎明 | Waste polypropylene modified thin-wall corrugated pipe and manufacturing method thereof |
CN102516669A (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2012-06-27 | 广东联塑科技实业有限公司 | Modified polypropylene mixture for non-excavating power cable communication casing pipes and preparation method thereof |
CN102863692A (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2013-01-09 | 四川塑金科技有限公司 | Modified regenerated polypropylene (PP) for pipes and pipe fittings and preparation method thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN103497289A (en) | 2014-01-08 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN103497289B (en) | The effective material of no-dig technique type cable protection and cable protection pipe | |
CN102952316B (en) | Halogen-free inflaming retarding insulating material of nuclear cable and cable insulating layer as well as preparation method and application thereof | |
CN101629015B (en) | Polyamide elastomer heat shrink material and polyamide elastic double layer material | |
CN101225224A (en) | Low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant thermoplastic elastomer alloy for soft wire rod and preparation method thereof | |
CN102140197B (en) | Antistatic agent, antistatic flame-retarding plastics and production methods thereof | |
CN102153802A (en) | Ultraviolet-light deeply cross-linked halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin cable material and method for preparing ultraviolet-light deeply cross-linked halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin cable insulating or sheathing layer from same | |
CN104231409A (en) | EVA/MLLDPE (ethylene-vinyl acetate/metallocene linear low-density polyethylene) component-type low-smoke halogen-free irradiation-crosslinked wire cable material, and preparation method and application thereof | |
CN102391623A (en) | Super high glow wire temperature flame retardant reinforced PBT composite material and preparation method | |
CN101942141A (en) | Low-smoke halogen-free flame retardant cable material and preparation method thereof | |
CN101440182A (en) | Method for producing high quality dynamic vulcanization thermoplastic elastomer | |
CN102585324A (en) | Polyethylene composition for improving yellow index and lustrousness and preparation method thereof | |
CN102898715B (en) | Extremely temperature sensitive halogen-free and low smoke flame retardant plastic alloy for cables and preparation method thereof | |
CN106046651B (en) | A kind of high temperature-resistant polymer composite material and preparation method and application | |
CN109627568A (en) | Polyolefine cable sheath material and preparation method thereof | |
CN103333403A (en) | Halogen-free intumescent flame retardant polyolefine cable sheath material and preparation method thereof | |
CN104151746B (en) | A kind of environmental protection flame retardant insulating material and application in the cable thereof | |
WO2021114758A1 (en) | Flame-retardant tpe sheath material, preparation method therefor and application thereof | |
CN103554687B (en) | A kind of production method of environmental-protection flame-retardant polyolefine heat-shrink tube | |
CN105017599A (en) | High-concentration carbon black master batch for polyethylene geomembrane | |
CN103408844B (en) | Radiation crosslinking flame-retardant polyolefin material for automobile thin-wall electric wire and preparation method thereof | |
CN105086079B (en) | Modified weather-resistant high-density polyethylene sheath material for bridge cables and preparation method thereof | |
CN105219006B (en) | The automotive line heat-resisting weather-proof polypropylene nano-composite insulating material of halogen-free flameproof and its preparation technology | |
CN111331985A (en) | Polyolefin heat shrinkable sleeve film and preparation method and application thereof | |
CN105440621A (en) | PLA noctilucence master batch and preparation method thereof | |
CN102911436B (en) | Flame-retardant PP/ABS (propene polymer/acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) composite material and preparation method thereof |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20160120 Termination date: 20210929 |
|
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |