CN103492505A - Adhesive activation by a skin effect of an alternate current at low frequencies - Google Patents
Adhesive activation by a skin effect of an alternate current at low frequencies Download PDFInfo
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- CN103492505A CN103492505A CN201280020045.4A CN201280020045A CN103492505A CN 103492505 A CN103492505 A CN 103492505A CN 201280020045 A CN201280020045 A CN 201280020045A CN 103492505 A CN103492505 A CN 103492505A
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- heat
- foam
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- tinsel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J5/00—Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers
- C09J5/06—Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers involving heating of the applied adhesive
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/06—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent
- C08J9/10—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent developing nitrogen, the blowing agent being a compound containing a nitrogen-to-nitrogen bond
Abstract
A process for the activation of a heat activated material comprising heating the material by a combination of the Joule effect and the skin effect whereby a piece of the material is located adjacent to a metal foil that comprises part of an alternating current circuit whereby the material is activated by heat generated by the flow of current through the metal foil both by the Joule effect and the skin effect, the invention may be used in a variety of industries such as the transportation, construction and furniture industries.
Description
The present invention relates to for the method for activated adhesive and be specially adapted to be difficult to by fast activating in baking oven baking or heating realizes activating in pressing machine or autoclave environment.
The present invention also provides a kind of new, improved method to activate jointing material and/or foam material, and the method can be used for activating foamed adhesive material, to cause foaming and to solidify and adhesive development.
The present invention is specially adapted to multiple industry, for example transport trade (comprising car industry, air system and railway industry) and construction industry and upholstery.Special purposes is to repair the adhesive power can be damaged in traffic accident for example.
Activation means to cause physics and/or the chemical reaction in binder formulation.For example, tackiness agent can comprise thermosetting material, and this thermosetting material may combine with the material that can activate by heating, so that material cured.In this case, activation comprises the initiation of the activity that causes that thermosetting material is curing.In many cases, solidify can comprise crosslinked.Equally, tackiness agent can be thermally foamable or heat cured, or except thermally foamable, is also heat cured.In this case, activation causes the tackiness agent foaming.If tackiness agent is thermally foamable is also heat cured, activation can comprise foaming simultaneously and solidify, and draw vesicant activation temperature can with cause that curing activation temperature is identical or different.Yet, for can comprising the heat foamable material that produces the physics draw vesicant gas and/or chemical foaming agent, activation comprises the initiation of the activity that causes the material foaming.
Tackiness agent is usually based on polymer materials, and the composition of described polymeric material can cause that some situation of tackiness development changes by change.Tackiness agent can be at ambient temperature by activating with some catalyzer.In addition, tackiness agent also can for example, by heating (through baking oven, in thermocompressor or in autoclave) activation.In transport trade, construction industry and upholstery, thermosetting adhesive (it also can be thermally foamable) is generally used for being provided at the bonding point place and proposes high-intensity structural strengthening effect.The thermally foamable tackiness agent is also for generation of sound insulation etc., in this case, and the cohesiveness when flexible foam that can be generally used for insulating board improves foaming.In these industries, the curing and/or required heat that foams is derived from baking oven, thermocompressor or autoclave usually.
Also have the activation of other types, for example use UV-light, with the emission of the reacting of moisture, IR light or microwave.
DE 102009031419 has proposed a kind of method that produces heat by controlling skin effect, and described skin effect is used by the electrically driven (operated) tinsel of the interchange of frequency 20-60kHz.
By being called skin effect, to produce heat in conducting element be known, described skin effect be exchange current this in conductor, distribute and near conductive surface the trend of current density maximum.On the other hand, joule effect is that electric current passes through the heat that conductor produces.
The present invention relates to without in baking oven or autoclave, using convective heating the activation of material.The present invention aims to provide the fast activating of tackiness agent, thereby realizes fast required bondingly, and this fast activating is particularly suitable in conventional stream line operation, and in some cases, can accelerate stream line operation.
Therefore, the invention provides a kind of method for heat of activation activated material, comprise by conjunction with joule effect and skin effect, carrying out heating material, wherein material is placed in to the tinsel that comprises the part exchange current contiguous, the joule effect of the current induced of wherein said material by flowing through tinsel and the heat that skin effect produces activate.In a preferred embodiment, described heat-activated materials is heat-activatable adhesive, thermosetting adhesive for example, and it is preferably thermoset and thermally foamable tackiness agent.In this case, the heat foaming that described material can produce by the electric current that flows through tinsel and curing.Use in conjunction with heating and cause temperature required fast development.This means that activation can easily be incorporated in streamline and other commercial runs, in some cases, can improve the speed of streamline.
Can the activatable material based on thermoset or thermoplastic polymer be placed in tinsel contiguous, and for example can be clipped in, between " paper tinsel " (or at least a slice paper tinsel) and substrate (treating bonding with it metal base).This structure can leave space (for example air) to allow the foaming of activatable material layer.The size and dimension of this part activatable material will depend on treats application cavity wherein.But the paper tinsel of heating circuit preferably spreads all over the gross area of this part material.Then, described paper tinsel is connected on the AC generator, this generator preferably moves to the other end from an end of paper tinsel.
The intensity and the frequency that flow through the electric current of paper tinsel cause the quick travel of electronics in tinsel, and this displacement causes that paper tinsel generates heat by joule effect, so that the heat that paper tinsel dissipates is for activated material.In addition, exchange current (AC) has the trend that himself is distributed in the paper tinsel near surface.This is called skin effect.Skin effect produces heat on the surface of the paper tinsel adjacent with activatable material, so that the activatable material rapid heating.In addition, skin effect can have the following advantages: if need the whole paper tinsel of heating, skin effect can make heat concentrate, and therefore avoids generable possible damage, thereby causes the material activation.
Described activatable adhesive material can be foaming or non-foaming, and preferably comprises heat conductive filler, for example iron powder, nitrile boron (Nitrile Boron), aluminium nitride, silicon carbide, norbide, ferrophosphorus (Ferrophos) or carbon fiber.The existence of this type of filler strengthens and has accelerated heat-processed, and preferably, this type of filler is 3 % by weight to 75 % by weight, is preferably 5 % by weight to 75 % by weight.
Preferably depending on for activating the required heat of described heat-activated materials of the thickness of paper tinsel, paper tinsel and ac frequency.Yet, we have found that, for activated adhesive, for example, for tackiness agent, particularly thermally foamable and the thermohardening tackiness agent of transport trade, construction industry and upholstery, useful especially is that used thickness is 0.05 to 2mm, preferably 0.05 to 0.2mm, and electric current is 10kHz to 1MHz, preferably 20kHz to 500kHz, the more preferably conductive metal foil of 100kHz to 400kHz, particularly stainless steel, copper or aluminium conductive metal foil.
When described activatable material is foam material, the performance that need to provide in its position according to foam is selected described material.The foam material that when the needs foam provides sealing and/or sound absorption qualities, the present invention is useful especially, in this case, can use high the expansion---100%-3000% that usually expands, preferred 400-2500%---is manufactured flexible foam.Perhaps, can need foam to reduce vibrations and/or the hardness in automobile, and/or can need foam that anti-collision is provided.If need foam that the reinforcing effect is provided, this foam rigid foam that the have relatively low turgidity foam material of (common 30% to 200%) provides of can serving as reasons, also can be the material to foam positions with similar temperature crosslink.Can use the preparation material based on crosslinkable epoxy resin.Preferred foam material is at the temperature lower than blowing temperature, to be thermoplastic preparation material, so it can be extruded or injection moulding, at the temperature lower than blowing temperature, to provide foam material.If need hard to reinforce foam, once heating causes foaming, thereby make it crosslinked with regard to its preparing materials.Described foam material preferably comprises tackifier (for example petroleum resin or rosin ester) to promote bonding when the foaming of material.
The present invention is specially adapted to provide sound-proofing properties at automotive interior, and when the needs foam material provides sound insulation and/or sealing, this material can have for example 200% to 3000% turgidity.Described material also can be the flexible foam of Non-crosslinked.
In the preparation of preferred auto sound material, this material is foaming, its for example usually by polymkeric substance for example ethene-unsaturated ester multipolymer prepare high intumescent flexibel foam, described multipolymer is generally vinyl-vinyl acetate copolymer and/or ethylene-acrylate copolymer.In the present embodiment, particularly preferred material is the acoustic foams based on olefin polymer, is more specifically the polymkeric substance based on ethene.For example, described foam material can be based on comprising C
3to C
8the ethylene copolymer of alpha-olefin comonomer or terpolymer.The example of particularly preferred polymkeric substance comprises vinyl-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-acrylate copolymer, EPDM or its mixture.Other examples of preferred commercially available foam formulations comprise commercially available can be in L& The material based on polymkeric substance of L product (Europe), its name is called L-2704, L-2806, L-2811, L-2820, L-2821, L-1066, L-2105, L-2106, L-2115, L-2308, L-2411, L-2412, L-2663, L-2664, L-2700, L-2703, L-4161, L-4200, L-4300, L-4315, L-4316, L-7102, L-7107 and L-7220.
Many other suitable materials are known in the art, and it also can be used for for the preparation of noise attenuation foam and/or damping foam.A kind of this class A foam A comprises the open cell polymer base mateiral, the polymkeric substance based on ethene for example, when this material with suitable component (being generally whipping agent and solidifying agent) while mixing, once apply heat or specific envrionment conditions occurring, will foam and solidify in a kind of reliable and foreseeable mode.From chemical angle, for heat-activated materials, before solidifying, by the acoustic foams initial manufacture, be the thermoplastic material that can flow usually.Once it is just crosslinked that described material preferably solidifies, this makes this material opposing further flow or the change of net shape.
Although disclose the preferred material for the manufacture of sound absorbent material and/or cushioning material, this material can be by other materials (for example, this area is considered as the foam of structural foam) form, condition be selected materials be thermal activation or by envrionment conditions (for example, humidity, pressure, time etc.) activation, and its under the condition suitable to selected application with a kind of predict and reliably mode solidify.
Some other possible materials comprise---but being not limited to---polyolefine material, multipolymer and terpolymer, phenol/formaldehyde materials, contain phenoxy group material and urethane.U.S. Patent number 5,266,133; 5,766,719; 5,755,486; 5,575,526; 5,932,680; And WO00/27920 has put down in writing suitable material.Generally speaking, the desired characteristic of resulting foam comprises relatively low glass transition point, and good erosion resistance.By this way, the general material system do not used with the automaker of this material is inconsistent.In addition, this material can bear common run into processing conditions in automobile making, as the electronics coating prime lacquer, clean and deoil and other coating process.
Generally speaking, suitable frothing foam has approximately 30 to the range of expansion that surpasses 1000%.The turgidity of acoustic foams can be up to 1500 to 2000% or higher.
In another embodiment, sound absorbent material can encapsulate or the form of part encapsulation provides, but for example frothing foam material package or part is encapsulated in the tackiness agent shell.In addition, described sound absorbent material can comprise the melt fluidity material, and for example United States Patent (USP) the 6th, disclosed in 030, No. 701.
The present invention's activatable material used can comprise one or more solidifying agent.Also can comprise optional solidifying agent promotor.The amount of solidifying agent used and solidifying agent promotor can be required according to required structure type, required material property and foam material any swell increment and required rate of expansion vary widely.The exemplary range that is present in solidifying agent in foam material or solidifying agent promotor be approximately 0.001 % by weight to about 7 % by weight.
Preferably, described solidifying agent solidifies by crosslinked the helping of polymkeric substance, phenoxy group epoxy resin or both and any epoxy resin existed.Also the preferred consolidation agent contributes to the thermofixation of material.Useful solidifying agent kind is to be selected from following material: aliphatic series or aromatic amine or its adducts, amido amine, polymeric amide, cycloaliphatic amines, acid anhydrides, polycarboxylic acid polyester, isocyanic ester, phenylol resin (for example, phenol or cresols novolac resin, multipolymer (such as phenol terpenes, polyvinyl phenol or bisphenol-A copolyoxymethylenes), two hydroxyphenyl alkane etc.) or its mixture separately.Particularly preferred solidifying agent comprises modification and unmodified polyamine or polymeric amide, such as Triethylenetetramine (TETA), diethylenetriamine, tetren, dicyanodiamide, Dyhard RU 100 etc.If use solidifying agent promotor, the example of material comprises modification or unmodified urea, for example methylene radical xenyl allophanamide, imidazoles or its binding substances.
The required function according to material, it can comprise polymkeric substance or multipolymer that one or more are extra, it can comprise multiple different polymkeric substance, for example thermoplastics, elastomerics, plastomer and binding substances thereof.For example, but be not limited to, can suitably include the polymkeric substance in material in, comprise halogenated polymer, polycarbonate, polyketone, urethane, polyester, and derived from silane, sulfone, allyl group, alkene, vinylbenzene, acrylate, methacrylic ester, epoxy resin, silicone, resol, rubber, polyphenylene oxide, terephthalate, acetic ester (for example, EVA), polymkeric substance or its mixture of acrylate, methacrylic ester (for example, ethylene-methyl acrylate polymkeric substance).Other possible polymer materialss can be maybe and (for example can comprise---but being not limited to---polyolefine, polyethylene, polypropylene), polystyrene, polyacrylic ester, poly-(oxyethane), poly-(ethyleneimine), polyester, urethane, polysiloxane, polyethers, poly-phosphine piperazine (polyphosphazine), polymeric amide, polyimide, polyisobutene, polyacrylonitrile, poly-(vinylchlorid), poly-(methyl methacrylate), poly-(vinyl-acetic ester), poly-(vinylidene chloride), tetrafluoroethylene, polyisoprene, polyacrylamide, polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylate.
During use, these polymkeric substance can account for small portion or the major part of described material.During use, approximately 0.1 % by weight that one or more extra polymkeric substance preferably account for described foam material is to about 50 % by weight, and more preferably from about 1 % by weight is to about 20 % by weight, and even more preferably from about 2 % by weight are to about 10 % by weight.
The example of suitable mechanically resistant material comprises epoxy, the example of these foam materials be commercially available can be in L& L Europe, Strasbourg, product L-0507, L-5207, L-5214, L-5234, L-5235, L-5236, L-5244, L-8050 and the L-8150 of France.Should select these products, because it can (common 80 ℃ to 90 ℃) moulding at the temperature lower than activation temperature.Further preferably, when described material is used for automobile frame or seat manufacture, at its temperature of holding at the baking oven of the erosion shield that is used in dry and curing electronics coating process depositing, foam, this temperature is generally 120 ℃ to 180 ℃, is more typically 130 ℃ to 150 ℃.Before activation, material is preferably dry and touch up inviscid, because this is conducive to sea-freight and processing, and prevents from polluting.
Epoxy resin used herein means any conventional dimerization that contains at least one epoxy functionality, oligomeric or polymerization epoxy material.Epoxy group content is greater than 40% usually.In addition, term epoxy resin can be used to mean the binding substances of a kind of epoxy resin or multiple epoxy resin.Material based on polymkeric substance can be the material containing epoxy group(ing) with one or more oxyethane rings by the ring-opening reaction polymerization.In a preferred embodiment, this material comprises the approximately epoxy resin of 2 % by weight to 75 % by weight, more preferably from about the epoxy resin of 4 % by weight to 60 % by weight, the even more preferably from about epoxy resin of 25 % by weight to 50 % by weight.Certainly, the amount of epoxy resin can be greater or lesser, and this is depending on the application of the activatable material of expection.
Described epoxy resin can be aliphatic series, cyclic aliphatic, aromatics etc.Epoxy resin can be used as solid (for example, as bead, piece, sheet etc.) or liquid (for example, epoxy resin) provides, and however the preferred liquid resin is to improve the processing characteristics of binder formulation.Except as otherwise noted, resin used herein is for the solid resin of solid with under 23 ℃, to be the liquid resin of liquid at the temperature of 23 ℃.This epoxy resin can comprise ethylene copolymer or terpolymer.
But can add epoxy resin and increase the clinging power of foam material or non-foam material, mobility or both.A kind of exemplary epoxy resin can be resol, and it can be the resin of phenolic varnish type or other type.Other preferably can comprise bisphenol-A Epicholorohydrin ether polymer containing material of epoxy group(ing), or can be by bis phenol-a epoxy resins or the bisphenol-f type epoxy resin of divinyl or other polymeric additive modification.In addition, also can use the various mixtures of several different epoxy resin.The sell product of the example of suitable epoxy resin for being provided with trade(brand)name Araldite GY 282, GY 281 and GY 285 by Huntsman.
In certain embodiments, preferably, can foam or the activatable material of non-foaming in include one or more thermoplastic polyethers and/or thermoplastic epoxy in.If include one or more thermoplastic polyethers in, its approximately 1 % by weight that preferably accounts for described material is to about 90 % by weight, and more preferably from about 3 % by weight are to about 60 % by weight, and even more preferably from about 4 % by weight are to about 25 % by weight.Yet, for other materials, can use more or less thermoplastic polyether, this is depending on the desired use of material.
Described thermoplastic polyether comprises side (pendant) hydroxylic moiety usually.Described thermoplastic polyether also can comprise aromatic oxide/amine repeating unit in its main chain.Thermoplastic polyether of the present invention preferably has every 10 minutes for the sample of weight 2.16Kg at the temperature of 190 ℃, and approximately 5 grams are to about 100 grams, and more preferably from about 25 grams are to about 75 grams, and even more preferably from about 40 grams are to the about melting index of 60 grams.Certainly, described thermoplastic polyether can have higher or lower melting index, and this is depending on its expection application.Preferred thermoplastic polyether comprises---but being not limited to---polyetheramine, the multipolymer that gathers (amino ethers), monoethanolamine and diglycidylether, its binding substances etc.Preferably, described thermoplastic polyether by average functionality be 2 or less amine (for example, bifunctional amine) for example, with glycidyl ether (, diglycidylether) reaction, form.Term bifunctional amine used herein, refer to the amine that on average has two active groups (for example, reactive hydrogen).
According to an embodiment, described thermoplastic polyether by primary amine, two (second month in a season) diamines, ring diamines, its binding substances etc. (for example, monoethanolamine) react formation with diglycidylether, or poly-(epoxy alkane) by amine and epoxy functional react to form and gathers (amino ethers) and form.According to another embodiment, described thermoplastic polyether is enough causing under the condition of amine moiety and epoxy group(ing) partial reaction that by bifunctional amine and diglycidylether or functionalized poly-(epoxy alkane) of bicyclic oxygen react the main chain that formation has amine key, an ehter bond and pendant hydroxyl group polymkeric substance partly prepares.Optionally, the available simple function nucleophilic reagent that can be primary amine or secondary amine or non-primary amine or secondary amine is processed described polymkeric substance.
In addition, expectedly, available for example, amine (for example, cyclic amine) with active group (a, reactive hydrogen) forms thermoplastic polyether.Advantageously, this class amine can contribute to control the molecular weight of formed thermoplasticity ether.
The example of preferred thermoplastic polyether and forming method thereof is disclosed in U.S. Patent number 5,275,853; 5,464,924 and 5,962,093.Advantageously, described thermoplastic polyether can give material various required characteristics, for example, for the required physico-chemical property of multiple application, as further described herein.
Although optional, described preparation can comprise one or more ethene polymerss or multipolymer, for example ethylene-acrylate copolymer and ethylene-acetate ester copolymer.Ethylene-methyl acrylate and ethane-acetic acid ethyenyl ester are two kinds of preferred ethylene copolymers.
For example preferably comprise, by the activated polyethylene resin of one or more active groups (glycidyl methacrylate or maleic anhydride) modification.The example of such polyvinyl resin is with trade(brand)name LOTADER
(for example, LOTADER AX 8900) sells, commercially available can be in Arkema Group.
When described activatable material is foam material, can make the material foaming by producing rare gas element with one or more whipping agents, rare gas element forms perforate and/or the unicellular structure of foam material as desired.
Whipping agent can comprise one or more nitrogen-containing groups, such as acid amides, amine etc.The example of suitable whipping agent comprises Cellmic C 121, dinitrosopentamethylene tetramine, Cellmic C 121, nitroso-group pentamethylene tetramine, 4,4
i-oxygen base-bis--(benzenesulfonyl hydrazides), trihydrazinotriazine and N, N
i-dimethyl-N, N
i-dinitrosoterephthalamine.Also can provide blowing agent promotor.Can improve the speed that whipping agent forms rare gas element with various promotor.A kind of preferred blowing agent promotor is metal-salt, for example metal oxide, for example zinc oxide.Other preferred promotor comprise modification and unmodified thiazole or imidazoles.The whipping agent that should use and the amount of blowing agent promotor can vary widely according to the type of required pore structure, required swell increment, required rate of expansion etc.In activatable material the exemplary range of the amount of whipping agent and blowing agent promotor be approximately 0.001 % by weight to about 5 % by weight.
Described activatable material also can comprise one or more fillers, comprises---but being not limited to---granulated material (for example, powder), pearl, microballoon (such as the Zeosphere purchased from Zeelan Industries) etc.Described filler preferably includes usually not and the material that is present in other component reaction in activatable material.Thereby although the weight that described filler usually can be relatively low exists, take up space, expectedly, described filler also can be given for example intensity and shock-resistance performance.
The example of spendable filler (for example comprises silicon-dioxide, diatomite, glass, clay, comprise nanoclay), talcum, pigment, tinting material, granulated glass sphere or foaming material (bubble), glass, carbon fiber or ceramic fiber, nylon fiber or tynex (for example, Kevlar), antioxidant etc.These fillers---particularly clay---can contribute to the self-balancing in the flow process of foam material.But the clay that can be used as filler can comprise the calcined clay that is selected from kaolinite, illite, chlorite, montmorillonite or sepiolite class.The example of suitable filler comprises---but being not limited to---talcum, vermiculite, pyrophyllite, sauconite, saponite, nontronite, montmorillonite or its mixture.Described clay also can comprise a small amount of other component, for example carbonate, feldspar, mica and quartz.Described filler also can comprise ammonium chloride, for example alkyl dimethyl ammonium chloride and dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride.Also can use titanium dioxide.
In a preferred embodiment, can use one or more mineral substance fillers or rock type filler (such as calcium carbonate, sodium carbonate etc.) as filler.In another preferred embodiment, can use silicate minerals (for example mica) as filler.
When using, described filler can account for 10 % by weight of material or more be low to moderate 90 % by weight or higher, but is more typically approximately 20 to 55 % by weight.According to some embodiment, described material can comprise approximately 0 % by weight to about 3 % by weight, more preferably is slightly less than the clay of 1 % by weight or similar filler.Powdery (for example, approximately 0.01 to approximately 50,1 to 25 micron median size more preferably from about) mineral substance filler can account for approximately 5 % by weight to 70 % by weight of material, and more preferably from about 10 % by weight are to about 50 % by weight.
Described material can optionally comprise other additive, reagent or properties-correcting agent (performance modifier), comprise---but being not limited to---antioxidant, anti UV agent, fire retardant, impact modifying agent, thermo-stabilizer, tinting material, processing aid, lubricant, toughener (for example, chopped glass or glass, pottery, Kevlar or carbon fiber, pellet etc. continuously).The liquid polysulfide can be used to improve environmental exposure, and for example humidity exposure and salt solution expose.
In a preferred embodiment, described activatable material comprises the adhesion promotion material, for example synthetic the or naturally occurring rosin ester tackifier of petroleum resin.Use these materials can improve the binding property of material to paper tinsel, also can improve the binding property of material to cavity wall.This class adhesion promotion material that preferably comprises 0.5 to 10 % by weight.
When determining the suitable ingredients of described activatable material, thereby can importantly prepare described material, it will be activated, described activation can be included at reasonable time or temperature and foam.For example, in some applications, it is worthless that material is activated under room temperature or the envrionment temperature in production environment.More generally, material is in higher processing temperature current downflow.For example, in automobile assembly plant, residing temperature may be applicable to, and particularly work as material and add man-hour together with other assembly at high temperature or in higher using under energy level, for example, in the application preparation phase procedures.In addition, it is inviscid that described material preferably touches up at ambient temperature, to reduce being infected with of dirt and dust, and is conducive to store and transportation.
The amount of material therefor will depend on puts frothy cavity size and required turgidity.Yet, have been found that for most of automobiles, comprise 0.3mm to 10mm thick, particularly the laminate structure of the foamed material layer of 1.5mm to 5mm is particularly useful for making acoustic foams and/or damping foam, and it is required that this thickness is generally the auto repair operation.
In another embodiment, the present invention can be used for automobile or other haulage system for example body frame of truck, motorbus, rail vehicle and aircraft and the structural strengthening of seat cavity.Herein, described material is generally the thermoset layer that hard is reinforced, for example foaming epoxy resin or polyurathamc, and described urethane can be blocked polyurethane.In the case, this material is foamable and has two kinds of major functions: it will expand through the space between paper tinsel and hollow space inside, and partly or entirely bonding with the inwall of hollow space.Therefore, activation can make foam material foam and fill up the space between paper tinsel and hollow structure, and the purpose of design is reinforcing bonding with the internal surface of selected hollow structure like this.Therefore, described foam material must be in temperature required lower foaming, and must have enough bounding forces to make the reinforcing member of vehicle structure inside bonding securely.In the present embodiment, once foaming, it should be enough strong, so that it can not cause any weak tendency to provided integral reinforcing effect.
In the present invention, provide the cross section of paper tinsel used in the alternating current circuit of heat preferably constant, thereby described adhesive material is produced to constant heat supply, the thickness of paper tinsel is preferably 0.05 to 2mm, and more preferably 0.05 to 0.25mm, and most preferably 0.05 to 0.15mm.Paper tinsel can be any suitable electro-conductive material; Preferred stainless steel, copper and aluminium.The frequency of alternating-current is also preferably constant, and it depends on the activation temperature of tackiness agent and the size of tinsel.This temperature regulation is become to steady state value.Optimized frequency is 10kHz to 1MHz, more preferably the electric current of 100kHz to 400kHz.But the present invention is specially adapted to the activation injection moulding, extrude or the preformed member of die-cut activatable adhesive material.The present invention is applicable to activation and can foams or the tackiness agent of non-foaming.Yet it is 0.3 to 10mm that the present invention is specially adapted to activate thickness, particularly 1.5 to 5mm thermally foamable and thermoset preform binder material.
The present invention describes with reference to accompanying drawing, wherein
Fig. 1 is for illustrating with the contacted alternating-current circuit of tinsel (2) (1) and being positioned near the schematic diagram of the foaming material material strip (3) of paper tinsel.
Fig. 2 shows how bar is placed in to the tinsel vicinity but spaced apart with tinsel, and Fig. 3 shows and how bar contacted with tinsel;
Figure 4 and 5 show the material in the rear Fig. 2 of foam material foaming and 3.
The present invention also describes with reference to following examples, and embodiment adopts and is similar to the device shown in Fig. 1, and tinsel is that thickness is the stainless steel strip of 0.1mm.Foam material be with L-4161 is commercially available can be in L& L Product add 5 % by weight iron powders based on vinyl-vinyl acetate copolymer bar (except embodiment 4).Before foaming, the thickness of described is 2.5mm.
Foam material is placed on metal strip, and activates by the electric current of the 58A that flows through, so that the surface of metal strip reaches required peak temperature, then with 25A, keep this temperature.The power that flows through tinsel is that 11V and frequency are 20kHz, and this causes that foam material foams and develops tackiness, thereby bonding with metal strip.Cooling and standing for some time of the laminate that will be formed by foam material and metal strip, measure the adhesion strength (lap shear power (lap shear)) between metal strip and foam material.The turgidity of described foam material is approximately 150%.Result is as follows.
The result of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 shows, if the temperature of metal foil surface higher than the activation temperature of material, the temperature of metal foil surface on adhesion strength almost without impact.
Therefore, the invention provides a kind of facilitated method of activated adhesive, the method is specially adapted to transport trade, for example car industry, air system and railway industry and construction industry and upholstery.The method is specially adapted to repair the affected area of automobile, spacecraft and rail vehicle in the finite space particularly.The advantage of the method is:
-fast activating material
-with the lightweight instrument of lower volume, activate
-also can activated material without passing baking oven, thermocompressor or autoclave
The thermal activation of-utmost point limitation, this is avoided damaging other contiguous nonrefractory parts
-cost effective procedure (comparing with autoclave, baking oven etc.)
Another advantage of the present invention is, the part to be activated of described activatable material is without approaching very much heating tool (tinsel).In addition, but its environment containing metal, and as long as have electrical isolation between tinsel (having electric current to pass) and environment itself, and this insulation can be produced by tackiness agent.This is particularly useful under the reparation situation.
Claims (14)
1. the method for heat of activation activated material, comprise by conjunction with joule effect and skin effect, carrying out heating material, wherein a block of material is placed near the tinsel that comprises the part exchange current, the heat that wherein said material is produced by joule effect and skin effect by the electric current that flows through tinsel activates.
2. according to the process of claim 1 wherein that described heat-activated materials is heat-activatable adhesive.
3. according to the method for claim 1 or 2, wherein said heat-activated materials is thermoset and heat foamable material.
4. according to the method for aforementioned claim any one, wherein said activatable material is thermoset or thermoplastic resin.
5. according to the method for aforementioned claim any one, wherein said paper tinsel spreads all over the gross area of this block of material.
6. according to the method for aforementioned claim any one, wherein said activatable material comprises heat conductive filler.
7. according to the method for claim 6, wherein said filler is selected from nitrile boron, aluminium nitride, silicon carbide, norbide, ferrophosphorus or carbon fiber.
8. according to the method for aforementioned claim any one, wherein said conductive metal foil is that thickness is 0.05 to 2mm, and preferably 0.05 to 0.2mm, and electric current is 10kHz to 1MHz, preferably 20kHz to 500kHz, the more preferably stainless steel of 100kHz to 400kHz, copper or aluminium.
9. be used for providing the purposes of sound insulation in car body according to the method for aforementioned claim any one.
10. according to the method for aforementioned claim any one, wherein said activatable material is the foaming epoxy.
11. according to the method for aforementioned claim any one, it is thick that wherein said activatable material comprises 1.5mm to 10mm, particularly the foamed material layer of 1.5mm to 5mm.
12., according to the method for aforementioned claim any one, the thickness of wherein said paper tinsel is 0.05 to 2mm.
13., according to the method for aforementioned claim any one, wherein the frequency of alternating-current is constant.
14., according to the method for aforementioned claim any one, wherein the frequency of electric current is 10kHz to 1MHz.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GBGB1105762.7A GB201105762D0 (en) | 2011-04-05 | 2011-04-05 | Adhesive activation by an alternative current at low frequency |
| GB1105762.7 | 2011-04-05 | ||
| PCT/EP2012/056232 WO2012136736A1 (en) | 2011-04-05 | 2012-04-04 | Adhesive activation by a skin effect of an alternate current at low frequencies |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103492505A true CN103492505A (en) | 2014-01-01 |
Family
ID=44071991
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201280020045.4A Pending CN103492505A (en) | 2011-04-05 | 2012-04-04 | Adhesive activation by a skin effect of an alternate current at low frequencies |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN103492505A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB201105762D0 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2012136736A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106113484A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-11-16 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of thermoplastic composite and the method for attachment of metal |
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| US5932680A (en) | 1993-11-16 | 1999-08-03 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Moisture-curing polyurethane hot-melt adhesive |
| US5464924A (en) | 1994-01-07 | 1995-11-07 | The Dow Chemical Company | Flexible poly(amino ethers) for barrier packaging |
| EP0679501A1 (en) | 1994-03-14 | 1995-11-02 | YMOS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT Industrieprodukte | Composite material with foamable core |
| US5575526A (en) | 1994-05-19 | 1996-11-19 | Novamax Technologies, Inc. | Composite laminate beam for radiator support |
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| US6387470B1 (en) | 1998-11-05 | 2002-05-14 | Sika Corporation | Sound deadening and structural reinforcement compositions and methods of using the same |
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- 2011-04-05 GB GBGB1105762.7A patent/GB201105762D0/en not_active Ceased
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- 2012-04-04 WO PCT/EP2012/056232 patent/WO2012136736A1/en active Application Filing
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| CN1732215A (en) * | 2002-12-27 | 2006-02-08 | 陶氏环球技术公司 | Heat activated epoxy adhesive and use in a structural foam insert |
| JP2004331858A (en) * | 2003-05-09 | 2004-11-25 | Hori Glass Kk | Bonding method by using thermosetting epoxy composition |
| CN1930221A (en) * | 2004-03-15 | 2007-03-14 | 陶氏环球技术公司 | Method to adhere an expandable flexible polyurethane to a substrate |
| DE102009031419A1 (en) * | 2009-07-02 | 2011-01-13 | Iff Gmbh | Method for producing electric heat in electrically conductive elements, comprises carrying out heating by controlling and/or regulating the skin effect, where the current frequency is freely varied during the process flow |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106113484A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-11-16 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of thermoplastic composite and the method for attachment of metal |
| CN106113484B (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2018-08-07 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of connection method of thermoplastic composite and metal |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2012136736A1 (en) | 2012-10-11 |
| GB201105762D0 (en) | 2011-05-18 |
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