CN103490756B - Four-electrode bipolar pulse triggering gas switch and triggering method thereof - Google Patents
Four-electrode bipolar pulse triggering gas switch and triggering method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103490756B CN103490756B CN201310379248.9A CN201310379248A CN103490756B CN 103490756 B CN103490756 B CN 103490756B CN 201310379248 A CN201310379248 A CN 201310379248A CN 103490756 B CN103490756 B CN 103490756B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a four-electrode bipolar pulse triggering gas switch which comprises an insulation outer barrel, a positive polarity high-voltage electrode, a negative polarity high-voltage electrode, triggering electrodes and working media, wherein the positive polarity high-voltage electrode and the negative polarity high-voltage electrode are arranged at the two ends of the insulation outer barrel respectively, the triggering electrodes are arranged between the positive polarity high-voltage electrode and the negative polarity high-voltage electrode, and the working media are arranged in the insulation outer barrel. The positive polarity high-voltage electrode and the negative polarity high-voltage electrode are connected with positive polarity direct-current high-voltages and negative polarity direct-current high-voltages respectively, the triggering electrodes comprise a negative polarity triggering electrode and a positive polarity triggering electrode, the positive polarity triggering electrode and the negative polarity triggering electrode are connected with positive polarity pulses and negative polarity pulses respectively, the negative polarity triggering electrode is adjacent to the positive polarity high-voltage electrode, and the positive polarity triggering electrode is adjacent to the negative polarity high-voltage electrode. The four-electrode bipolar pulse triggering gas switch solves the technical problems that an existing gas switch has high requirements for pulse triggering amplitude and is low in the overvoltage coefficient in the switch self-breakdown process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of four electrode bipolars pulse-triggered gas switch, is mainly characterized by using both positive and negative polarity
Charge, and alternately triggered using both positive and negative polar impulse, it is possible to achieve low activation threshold value and low jitter.
Background technology
Switch has important function in pulse power device, and its performance directly affects the output characteristics of device.Due to gas
The running voltage of body switch is high, through-current capability is strong, conducting speed is fast, the resistance after conducting and inductance are little, but also can repeat
Use, thus it is most widely used.But compared with solid switch, the activation threshold value of gas switch is higher.
Existing gas switch is triggered using single channel unipolar pulse mostly, it is desirable to which the amplitude of trigger pulse is high, front
Along steep.
By taking the tri- electrode field distortion gas spark switch of ± 100kV that Xibei Nuclear Techn Inst develops as an example, (Wei Hao etc. sends out
Table exists《Light laser and particle beam》Volume 24 the 4th phase page 881, " tri- electrode field distortion gas spark switch of ± 100kV "), open
Pass is made up of with a disk trigger electrode two linner ball head high-field electrodes.Before activation, the potential of high-field electrode be respectively+
100kV and -100kV, the potential of trigger electrode is 0；After applying+140kV trigger pulses, trigger electrode and -100kV high-field electrodes
First puncture, trigger electrode current potential is changed into -100kV, in the presence of overvoltage and gap discharge, trigger electrode again with+
100kV high-field electrodes puncture, whole switch conduction.Switch punctures dispersion and occurs mainly in second process (self breakdown mistake
Journey).The service factor ratio of breakdown voltage (running voltage with) for assuming switch is 0.7, then switch the overvoltage of self breakdown process
The coefficient ratio of breakdown voltage (applied voltage with) is 1.4.
Requirement of the existing gas switch to trigger pulse amplitude is higher, and switch self breakdown process overvoltage factor compared with
It is low, limit application of the switch in pulse power device.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of four electrode bipolars pulse-triggered gas switch and its triggering method, solve
Requirement of the existing gas switch to trigger pulse amplitude is higher, and switchs the relatively low technology of overvoltage factor of self breakdown process and ask
Topic.
The technical solution of the present invention：
A kind of four electrode bipolar pulse-triggered gas switch, including insulation outer tube 5, it is separately positioned on insulation outer tube two ends
Positive polarity high-field electrode 1 and negative polarity high-field electrode 4, be arranged between positive polarity high-field electrode 1 and negative polarity high-field electrode 4
Trigger electrode, be arranged on insulation outer tube 5 in working media；4 points of the positive polarity high-field electrode 1 and negative polarity high-field electrode
Both positive and negative polarity high direct voltage is not connect；Which is characterized in that：
The trigger electrode includes negative polarity trigger electrode 2 and positive polarity trigger electrode 3；
The positive polarity trigger electrode 3 and negative polarity trigger electrode 2 connect both positive and negative polarity trigger pulse respectively；
The negative polarity trigger electrode 2 is adjacent with positive polarity high-field electrode 1, the positive polarity trigger electrode 3 and negative polarity
High-field electrode 4 is adjacent.
Above-mentioned positive polarity high-field electrode 1, negative polarity trigger electrode 2, positive polarity trigger electrode 3, negative polarity high-field electrode 4 it
Between equidistantly.
Above-mentioned positive polarity high-field electrode 1, negative polarity trigger electrode 2, positive polarity trigger electrode 3, negative polarity high-field electrode 4 it
Between distance be 6mm.
Applying ± 100kV high direct voltages between above-mentioned positive polarity high-field electrode 1 and negative polarity high-field electrode 4；The negative pole
The trigger pulse of property applying ± 70kV between trigger electrode 2 and positive polarity trigger electrode 3.
Above-mentioned working media is sulfur hexafluoride gas or nitrogen.
The method that above-mentioned four electrode bipolars pulse-triggered gas switch is simultaneously triggered, which is characterized in that, including with
Lower step：
1】Switch applies both positive and negative polarity straight respectively in off-state between positive polarity high-field electrode 1 and negative polarity high-field electrode 4
Stream high pressure；
2】Apply both positive and negative polarity trigger pulse between positive polarity trigger electrode 3 and negative polarity trigger electrode 2 simultaneously；
3】Between positive polarity high-field electrode 1 and negative polarity trigger electrode 2 and positive polarity trigger electrode 3 and negative polarity high pressure
Puncture between electrode 4 respectively；
4】Puncture between negative polarity trigger electrode 2 and positive polarity trigger electrode 3, gas switch conducting.
Applying ± 100kV high direct voltages respectively between above-mentioned positive polarity high-field electrode 1 and negative polarity high-field electrode 4；It is described
While the trigger pulse of applying ± 70kV between positive polarity trigger electrode 3 and negative polarity trigger electrode 2.
The method of above-mentioned four electrode bipolars pulse-triggered gas switch fine setting sequential triggering, which is characterized in that：Bag
Include following steps：
1】Switch applies both positive and negative polarity straight respectively in off-state between positive polarity high-field electrode 1 and negative polarity high-field electrode 4
Stream high pressure；
2】Positive polarity trigger electrode 3 applies positive polarity trigger pulse；
3】Puncture between negative polarity high-field electrode 4 and positive polarity trigger electrode 3；
4】Negative polarity trigger electrode 2 applies negative polarity trigger pulse；
5】Puncture between positive polarity high-field electrode 1 and negative polarity trigger electrode 2；
6】Puncture between negative polarity trigger electrode 2 and positive polarity trigger electrode 3, gas switch conducting.
Applying ± 100kV high direct voltages respectively between above-mentioned positive polarity high-field electrode 1 and negative polarity high-field electrode 4；It is described
The trigger pulse of applying ± 70kV respectively between positive polarity trigger electrode 3 and negative polarity trigger electrode 2.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
1st, the stability of gas switch of the present invention is high.
If switch is comprising two trigger electrodes, and using the opposite polarity pulse of two-way replace simultaneously or chronologically into
Row triggering, then can substantially reduce requirement of the switch to trigger pulse amplitude, and can improve the mistake of switch self breakdown process
Voltage coefficient.
It is assumed that the potential of switch high-pressure electrode still be ± 100kV, switch four electrodes between for etc. gap, as voltage is being opened
Approximate equal distribution between the high-field electrode of pass and trigger electrode, therefore the potential of two trigger electrodes is respectively ± 33.3kV,
After applying two-way pulse-triggered, the potential of trigger electrode is changed into ± 100kV.When the service factor of switch is still 0.7, self breakdown
The overvoltage factor of process is 2.1, therefore the stability of four electrode bipolars trigger switch according to the present invention can be electric better than three
The gas switch of pole pulse triggering.
2nd, the triggering time delay of gas switch of the present invention, activation threshold value and shake are low, and the requirement to trigger pulse amplitude is low.
The polarity that the present invention is considered between gas switch charging voltage and trigger pulse coordinates, using both positive and negative polarity
Pulse is alternately triggered, it is possible to by finely tuning the sequential of trigger pulse come the turn on process of controlling switch, be conducive to reducing
The triggering time delay of switch and shake.Compared with original three electrodes unipolarity trigger switch, when being triggered using bipolar pulse, triggering
The amplitude of pulse is only the half of original mode.
As it was previously stated, original three electrodes unipolarity trigger switch, after trigger electrode is punctured with side high-field electrode, remaining one
Over-voltage breakdown is leaned in the gap of side, and overvoltage factor is the service factor of 2 times of switch.Switch according to the present invention is tied for four electrodes
Structure, after high-field electrode is punctured with trigger electrode, the overvoltage factor of residual gap is the service factor of 3 times of switch.By turning on
The analysis of journey understands, while triggering or by fine setting sequential triggering, being advantageously implemented the low activation threshold value of switch and low jitter.
When triggering simultaneously, as electric discharge occurs in multiple gaps simultaneously, the triggering time delay for reducing switch is also helped.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the vertical section structure figure of four electrode bipolars pulse-triggered gas switch of the invention；
In figure：1- positive polarity high-field electrodes, 2- negative polarity trigger electrodes, 3- positive polarity trigger electrodes, 4- negative polarity high pressure
Electrode, 5- insulation outer tube.
Specific embodiment
The present invention relates to a kind of gas switch of four electrode structures, comprising two high-field electrodes and two trigger electrodes, and
Using the pulse-triggered of both positive and negative polarity.Polarity of voltage on triggering moment, high-field electrode and trigger electrode by it is positive and negative,
Positive and negative sequence alternate.
Fig. 1 is the vertical section structure figure of the present invention.Reachable ± the 100kV of the four electrode switch maximum operating voltage, using ±
70kV pulses are triggered.It is equidistant between high-field electrode and trigger electrode, trigger electrode and trigger electrode, is 6mm, work
Make medium and can adopt sulfur hexafluoride gas, nitrogen or the mixing of the two.
When triggering simultaneously, the course of work of the present invention is as follows：(1) switch is in off-state, and high-field electrode applies respectively ±
100kV high direct voltages, to wait gap between four electrodes of switch, voltage is approximate equal between the high-field electrode and trigger electrode of switch
Equal distribution, therefore the potential of trigger electrode is respectively ± 33.3kV；(2) trigger pulse of two-way ± 70kV is applied to switch simultaneously
Trigger electrode on, the electric potential difference between high-field electrode and trigger electrode is changed into 170kV, before average field intensity is triggering
2.55 times, the average field intensity between trigger electrode is 2.10 times before triggering；(3) high-field electrode is first occurred with trigger electrode
Puncture, trigger electrode potential is changed into ± 100kV, average field intensity is 3 times before triggering；(4) between positive and negative two trigger electrode
Puncture, whole switch is in conducting state.
When fine setting sequential is triggered, as a example by first applying positive polarity trigger pulse, the course of work of the present invention is as follows：(1) open
Close in off-state, high-field electrode applies ± 100kV high direct voltages respectively, due to switch between four electrodes for etc. gap, voltage
The approximate equal distribution between the high-field electrode and trigger electrode of switch, therefore trigger electrode potential is respectively ± 33.3kV；(2)
Apply the trigger pulse of+70kV to positive polarity trigger electrode, it is now electric between negative polarity high-field electrode and positive polarity trigger electrode
Potential difference is changed into 170kV, and average field intensity is 2.55 times before triggering；(3) switch negative polarity high-field electrode to trigger with positive polarity
Electrode punctures, and trigger electrode potential is changed into -100kV, and the average field intensity between positive and negative two trigger electrode for triggering
Front 0.55 times, will not puncture；(4) -70kV trigger pulses are applied to negative polarity trigger electrode, now positive polarity high-tension electricity
Between pole and negative polarity trigger electrode, electric potential difference is changed into 170kV, and average field intensity is 2.55 times before triggering, and positive and negative two touch
Average field intensity between generating pole is 0.45 times before triggering, will not still be punctured；(5) switch positive polarity high-tension electricity
Pole is punctured with negative polarity trigger electrode, and trigger electrode potential is changed into ± 100kV respectively, before average field intensity is triggering
3 times；(6) puncture between positive and negative two trigger electrode, whole switch conduction.
The principle of the invention：
When alternating is applied to switch triggering pole for bipolar pulse simultaneously, in switch there is electric-field enhancing in all gaps simultaneously
And form electric discharge.By optimizing trigger electrode position, the electric field between trigger electrode and high-field electrode is made compared between trigger electrode
When electric field is higher, high-field electrode can first be punctured with trigger electrode, and trigger electrode potential changes into the electricity of correspondence high-field electrode afterwards
Gesture, punctures between two trigger electrodes under the influence of overvoltage and original electric discharge, whole switch conduction.Also fine-tuning two
The applying moment of road trigger pulse, the turn-on sequence in each gap in controlling switch.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of four electrode bipolars pulse-triggered gas switch, including insulation outer tube (5), it is separately positioned on insulation outer tube two ends
Positive polarity high-field electrode (1) and negative polarity high-field electrode (4), be arranged on positive polarity high-field electrode (1) and negative polarity high-tension electricity
Trigger electrode, the working media being arranged in insulation outer tube (5) between pole (4)；The positive polarity high-field electrode (1) and negative pole
Property high-field electrode (4) connects both positive and negative polarity high direct voltage respectively；
It is characterized in that：
The trigger electrode includes negative polarity trigger electrode (2) and positive polarity trigger electrode (3)；
The positive polarity trigger electrode (3) and negative polarity trigger electrode (2) connect both positive and negative polarity trigger pulse respectively；
The negative polarity trigger electrode (2) is adjacent with positive polarity high-field electrode (1), the positive polarity trigger electrode (3) and negative pole
Property high-field electrode (4) is adjacent.
2. four electrode bipolars pulse-triggered gas switch according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The positive polarity is high
Between piezoelectricity pole (1), negative polarity trigger electrode (2), positive polarity trigger electrode (3), negative polarity high-field electrode (4) equidistantly.
3. four electrode bipolars pulse-triggered gas switch according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The positive polarity is high
The distance between piezoelectricity pole (1), negative polarity trigger electrode (2), positive polarity trigger electrode (3), negative polarity high-field electrode (4) are
6mm。
4. four electrode bipolar pulse-triggered gas switch according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that：It is described just
Polarity high-field electrode (1) applies+100kV high direct voltages, and the negative polarity high-field electrode (4) applies -100kV high direct voltages；Institute
State the trigger pulse that negative polarity trigger electrode (2) applies -70kV；The positive polarity trigger electrode (3) applies the triggering arteries and veins of+70kV
Punching.
5. four electrode bipolars pulse-triggered gas switch according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The working media
For sulfur hexafluoride gas or nitrogen.
6. the method that four electrode bipolar pulse-triggered gas switch described in a kind of claim 1 are triggered simultaneously, its feature exist
In comprising the following steps：
1】Switch applies both positive and negative polarity between positive polarity high-field electrode (1) and negative polarity high-field electrode (4) straight respectively in off-state
Stream high pressure；
2】Apply both positive and negative polarity trigger pulse between positive polarity trigger electrode (3) and negative polarity trigger electrode (2) simultaneously；
3】Between positive polarity high-field electrode (1) and negative polarity trigger electrode (2) and positive polarity trigger electrode (3) and negative polarity are high
Piezoelectricity pole punctures between (4) respectively；
4】Puncture between negative polarity trigger electrode (2) and positive polarity trigger electrode (3), gas switch conducting.
7. method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：
The positive polarity high-field electrode (1) applies+100kV high direct voltages, and it is high that negative polarity high-field electrode (4) applies -100kV direct currents
Pressure；The positive polarity trigger electrode (3) at the same apply+70kV trigger pulse, negative polarity trigger electrode (2) at the same apply-
The trigger pulse of 70kV.
8. the method that the four electrode bipolar pulse-triggered gas switch fine setting sequential described in a kind of claim 1 is triggered, which is special
Levy and be：Comprise the following steps：
1】Switch applies both positive and negative polarity between positive polarity high-field electrode (1) and negative polarity high-field electrode (4) straight respectively in off-state
Stream high pressure；
2】Positive polarity trigger electrode (3) applies positive polarity trigger pulse；
3】Puncture between negative polarity high-field electrode (4) and positive polarity trigger electrode (3)；
4】Negative polarity trigger electrode (2) applies negative polarity trigger pulse；
5】Puncture between positive polarity high-field electrode (1) and negative polarity trigger electrode (2)；
6】Puncture between negative polarity trigger electrode (2) and positive polarity trigger electrode (3), gas switch conducting.
9. method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：
The positive polarity high-field electrode (1) applies+100kV high direct voltages, and it is straight that the negative polarity high-field electrode (4) applies -100kV
Stream high pressure；The negative polarity trigger electrode (2) applies the trigger pulse of -70kV；Positive polarity trigger electrode (3) applying+
The trigger pulse of 70kV.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310379248.9A CN103490756B (en) | 2013-08-27 | 2013-08-27 | Four-electrode bipolar pulse triggering gas switch and triggering method thereof |
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| CN201310379248.9A CN103490756B (en) | 2013-08-27 | 2013-08-27 | Four-electrode bipolar pulse triggering gas switch and triggering method thereof |
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| CN103490756B true CN103490756B (en) | 2017-05-03 |
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| CN107395173B (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2024-03-12 | 西北核技术研究所 | Multi-gap gas switch with low trigger threshold |
| CN108390257B (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2023-12-15 | 西北核技术研究所 | Optical pulse triggering gas switch introduced by optical fiber |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102013636A (en) * | 2010-10-22 | 2011-04-13 | 西安交通大学 | Planar multi-channel discharge three-electrode coaxial gas spark switch |
| CN102565641A (en) * | 2011-12-29 | 2012-07-11 | 西北核技术研究所 | Optical fiber detection system for diagnosing parameter of multi-gap gas switch |
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| FR2879842B1 (en) * | 2004-12-22 | 2007-02-23 | I T H P P Soc Par Actions Simp | MULTICANAL ECLATOR WITH MULTIPLE INTERVALS AND HIGH POWER GENERATOR PULSEE |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102013636A (en) * | 2010-10-22 | 2011-04-13 | 西安交通大学 | Planar multi-channel discharge three-electrode coaxial gas spark switch |
| CN102565641A (en) * | 2011-12-29 | 2012-07-11 | 西北核技术研究所 | Optical fiber detection system for diagnosing parameter of multi-gap gas switch |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 一种多间隙气体开关击穿特性的实验研究;姜晓峰等;《高电压技术》;20090131;第35卷(第1期);第103-107页 * |
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