CN103490376B - For the over-and under-voltage protective device of single-phase source system - Google Patents
For the over-and under-voltage protective device of single-phase source system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of over-and under-voltage protective device for single-phase source system.This system comprises: DC power source unit, rectification unit, sampling unit, overvoltage judge delay unit, under-voltage judgement delay unit and circuit breaker trigger element.Wherein, overvoltage judges that delay unit is the first voltage checking chip of band time delay; Under-voltage judgement delay unit comprises: the second voltage checking chip of the voltage checking chip not with time delay, RC charging circuit with a gate-controlled switch and band time delay.Realize overvoltage/undervoltage by three voltage checking chip in the embodiment of the present invention and judge time delay, the cost of over-and under-voltage protective device can be saved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to distribution system for electrical domain, particularly a kind of over-and under-voltage protective device for single-phase source system.
Background technology
Industry and family expenses practical application in, single-phase source system is subject to the impact of extraneous factor and occurs overvoltage or under-voltage problem, and the appearance of overvoltage or undervoltage condition may cause certain damage to load, and causes certain economic loss.Therefore need when single-phase source system occurs overvoltage or be under-voltage, utilize circuit breaker etc. to cut off the path of single-phase source system, to protect circuit.
Fig. 1 shows the universal architecture schematic diagram of the over-and under-voltage protective device of three-phase power supply system.As shown in Figure 1, this system mainly comprises: DC power source unit 10, rectification unit 20, sampling unit 30, overvoltage judging unit 40, overvoltage delay unit 50, under-voltage judging unit 60, under-voltage delay unit 70 and circuit breaker trigger element 80.
Wherein, direct current (DC) power subsystem 10 is for the DC power supply of stable output.Can be specifically, after step-down and voltage stabilizing process are carried out to the voltage output of single-phase source system, produce galvanic current source.Or DC power subsystem 10 produces galvanic current source after also can carrying out step-down and voltage stabilizing process to the voltage output of single-phase source system after rectification unit 20 processes.Or DC power subsystem 10 also can be produced by alternate manner, as battery etc.
Rectification unit 20 carries out rectification for exporting the voltage of single-phase source system A, and obtains direct voltage output.
Sampling unit 30, for after carry out step-down or step-down filtering process to the direct voltage output after rectification, obtains corresponding sampled voltage signal.
Overvoltage judging unit 40 is powered by described DC power source unit 10, and for the sampled voltage signal of current input and a mistake pressure reference signal are compared, and when the sampled voltage signal of current input is higher than mistake pressure reference signal, output overvoltage signal.
Overvoltage delay unit 50 exports for the time delay output of described overvoltage judging unit 40 being carried out to the first setting-up time, when the time of described overvoltage judging unit 40 output overvoltage signal reaches described first setting-up time, export triggering signal, control the coil motion that described circuit breaker trigger element 80 triggers the circuit breaker in single-phase source system loop, circuit breaker is disconnected.
Under-voltage judging unit 60 is powered by described DC power source unit 10, and for the sampled voltage signal of current input and a under-voltage reference signal are compared, and when the sampled voltage signal of current input is lower than under-voltage reference signal, export under-voltage signal.
Under-voltage delay unit 70 exports for the time delay output of described under-voltage judging unit 60 being carried out to the second setting-up time, when the time that described under-voltage judging unit 60 exports under-voltage signal reaches described second setting-up time, export triggering signal, control the coil motion that described circuit breaker trigger element 80 triggers the circuit breaker in single-phase source system loop, circuit breaker is disconnected.
At present, when stating the over-and under-voltage protective device of single-phase source system in realization, some products mainly adopt amplifier to realize above-mentioned overvoltage judging unit 40, overvoltage delay unit 50 and circuit breaker trigger element 80.Such as, adopt four amplifiers, two amplifiers realize overvoltage judging unit 40 and under-voltage judging unit 60, two amplifiers respectively and realize overvoltage Time-delayed trigger in circuit breaker trigger element 80 and under-voltage Time-delayed trigger respectively.
In addition, those skilled in the art are still being devoted to the solution finding other, during to protecting at the over-and under-voltage realizing single-phase source system, reduce the cost of over-and under-voltage protective device as far as possible.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention proposes a kind of over-and under-voltage protective device for single-phase source system, in order to reduce the cost of the over-and under-voltage protective device of single-phase source system.
The over-and under-voltage protective device for single-phase source system that the present invention proposes, comprising: DC power source unit, rectification unit, sampling unit, overvoltage judge delay unit, under-voltage judgement delay unit and circuit breaker trigger element, wherein:
DC power source unit is used for providing galvanic current source;
Described rectification unit exports after being used for that the output of the voltage of described single-phase source system is converted to direct current by interchange;
Described sampling unit is used for exporting the voltage after described rectification unit rectification sampling, and exports sampled voltage signal;
Described overvoltage judges that delay unit is the first voltage checking chip of band time delay, for judging that the sampled voltage signal of current input is whether higher than the releasing voltage of self, as higher than, then start the time delay of the first setting-up time, and in this first setting-up time, judge whether the sampled voltage signal of current input is not less than the detection voltage of self, in this way, then triggering signal is exported;
Described under-voltage judgement delay unit comprises: the second voltage checking chip of the voltage checking chip not with time delay, RC charging circuit with the first gate-controlled switch and band time delay; The described voltage checking chip not with time delay is for judging that the sampled voltage signal of current input is whether higher than the releasing voltage of self, as higher than, then export normal state signal, and when the sampled voltage signal of current input is not less than the detection voltage of self, maintain this normal state signal; Otherwise, do not export this normal state signal; The RC charging circuit of described band gate-controlled switch is when the described voltage checking chip not with time delay exports described normal state signal, described first gate-controlled switch is in closure state, described RC charging circuit does not charge, when the described voltage checking chip not with time delay does not export described normal state signal, described first gate-controlled switch is in off-state, described RC charging circuit is charged by described DC power source unit, and exports corresponding detectable voltage signals; Second voltage checking chip of described band time delay is for judging that the detectable voltage signals of current input is whether higher than the releasing voltage of self, as higher than, then start the time delay of the second setting-up time, and in this second setting-up time, judge whether the detectable voltage signals of current input is not less than the detection voltage of self, in this way, then triggering signal is exported;
Described circuit breaker trigger element 80, for when receiving described overvoltage and judging the triggering signal of delay unit or described under-voltage judgement delay unit output, makes the coil motion of the circuit breaker in described single-phase source system loop.
In an embodiment of the invention, described DC power source unit produces after carrying out dividing potential drop and voltage stabilizing to the voltage output of single-phase source system.
In an embodiment of the invention, described DC power source unit comprises a threshold decision unit, judge for exporting the voltage of described single-phase source system, when described voltage exports the low pressure threshold lower than setting, make described DC power source unit export 0 voltage or be less than the voltage of stationary value; When described voltage exports the low pressure threshold higher than setting, make described DC power source unit stable output threshold voltage.
In an embodiment of the invention, described DC power source unit comprises: the first current-limiting resistance be made up of at least one current-limiting resistance be connected in series, the first voltage-stabiliser tube, storage capacitor and the second voltage-stabiliser tube; Described one end of first current-limiting resistance is connected with the output of rectification unit, and the other end is connected with the backward end of the first voltage-stabiliser tube; The forward end of described first voltage-stabiliser tube is connected with one end of described storage capacitor and the backward end of described second voltage-stabiliser tube respectively, the other end of described storage capacitor and the forward end ground connection of described second voltage-stabiliser tube; Wherein, the backward end of described second voltage-stabiliser tube is the output of described DC power source unit; Described first voltage-stabiliser tube the voltage signal that described rectification unit exports lower than setting low pressure threshold time, not conducting; When the voltage signal that described rectification unit exports is higher than the low pressure threshold set, conducting.
In an embodiment of the invention, described under-voltage judgement delay unit comprises further: the first bleeder circuit, for the voltage checking chip not with time delay described in exporting to after carrying out voltage division processing to the sampled voltage signal from sampling unit; The described voltage checking chip not with time delay for judge current input dividing potential drop after sampled voltage signal whether higher than the releasing voltage of self, as higher than, then export described normal state signal, and the sampled voltage signal after the dividing potential drop of current input is when being not less than the detection voltage of self, maintain this normal state signal; Otherwise, do not export described normal state signal.
In an embodiment of the invention, described sampling unit comprises: the second bleeder circuit, filter circuit and the first diode;
Described second bleeder circuit is used for exporting the voltage of the single-phase source system after described rectification unit rectification carrying out voltage division processing, obtains sampled voltage signal;
Described filter circuit is used for carrying out filtering to the sampled voltage signal that described bleeder circuit obtains, and is exported by the filtered sampled voltage signal obtained;
Described first diode between described bleeder circuit and described filter circuit, for preventing the reverse direction current flow in described filter circuit;
Described first bleeder circuit comprises: the first divider resistance be made up of at least one divider resistance be connected in series and the second divider resistance be made up of the second diode be connected in series and at least one divider resistance; One end of described first divider resistance is connected with the output of described sampling unit, and the other end is connected with one end of described second divider resistance, the other end ground connection of described second divider resistance; The ungrounded end of described second divider resistance is the output of described first bleeder circuit; Described second diode is used for compensating the change in pressure drop that described first diode causes because of variations in temperature.
The RC charging circuit of described band first gate-controlled switch comprises: the first gate-controlled switch, the second current-limiting resistance, the 3rd current-limiting resistance, the first charging capacitor and the first discharge resistance;
A link of described first gate-controlled switch is connected with the output of described DC power source unit by the second current-limiting resistance, another link ground connection, the control end of described first gate-controlled switch is connected by the output of the 3rd current-limiting resistance with the described voltage checking chip not with time delay; Described first charging capacitor and the first discharge resistance are connected in parallel, and one end is connected with the output of described DC power source unit by described second current-limiting resistance, other end ground connection.
In an embodiment of the invention, described first gate-controlled switch is the first triode or NMOS tube.
In an embodiment of the invention, described system comprises further: signal is isolated, got or unit, for judging that to described overvoltage the output of delay unit and described under-voltage judgement delay unit is isolated respectively and focuses on a bit, when arbitrary output is wherein triggering signal, triggering signal is exported to described circuit breaker trigger element.
In an embodiment of the invention, described circuit breaker trigger element comprises: the second gate-controlled switch, the 4th current-limiting resistance, the 5th current-limiting resistance, the second charging capacitor, the second discharge resistance and thyristor;
A link of described second gate-controlled switch is connected with the output of described DC power source unit by the 4th current-limiting resistance, another link is connected with the second charging capacitor, one end of the second discharge resistance and the control end of thyristor respectively, and the control end of described second gate-controlled switch is isolated with described signal by the 5th current-limiting resistance, get or the output of unit is connected; The other end ground connection of described second charging capacitor and the second discharge resistance; Described thyristor is used for the coil motion controlling the circuit breaker in single-phase source system loop when conducting.
In an embodiment of the invention, described second gate-controlled switch is the second triode or NMOS tube.
In an embodiment of the invention, described system comprises further: be connected to the piezo-resistance between the zero line of described single-phase source system and live wire, for carrying out surge protection to described over-and under-voltage protective device.
As can be seen from such scheme; be with the voltage checking chip of time delay to realize the function of overvoltage judging unit and overvoltage delay unit owing to utilizing one in the embodiment of the present invention; utilize the voltage checking chip of a voltage checking chip not with time delay and the time delay of a band to realize the function of under-voltage judging unit and under-voltage delay unit, thus reduce the cost of the over-and under-voltage protective device of single-phase source system.
Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, when voltage stabilizing process being carried out to the voltage signal that described rectification unit exports by making DC power source unit, when the low pressure threshold of the voltage signal that described rectification unit exports lower than setting, exporting 0 voltage or being less than the voltage of stationary value; When the voltage signal that described rectification unit exports is higher than the low pressure threshold set, stable output threshold voltage.And then when the voltage checking chip U1 not with time delay in under-voltage judgement delay unit can be made to export secondary signal when low voltage, because now DC power source unit exports 0 voltage or the voltage lower than stationary value, therefore to after the RC charging circuit charging in under-voltage judgement delay unit, it only can export the detectable voltage signals of 0 detectable voltage signals or the releasing voltage lower than the second voltage checking chip of band time delay, makes to be with the second voltage checking chip of time delay not export triggering signal.So, just can avoid following problem of the prior art: namely due to the mechanical property of circuit breaker itself, when the voltage of single-phase source system is lower than certain value, as 50V or 40V etc., if over-and under-voltage system exports represent under-voltage triggering signal always, but the release of circuit breaker does not have enough energy to complete the mechanical action of dropout, namely circuit breaker can not disconnect, so just cause breaker coil to have big current to pass through in long-time, and then coil damage can be caused even to cause the harm such as fire.
In addition, for the situation that there is the diode preventing electric current reverse in sampling unit, by arranging the diode for carrying out temperature-compensating at under-voltage judgement delay unit, the judgment accuracy of under-voltage judgement delay unit can farthest be ensured.
In addition, by arranging filter capacitor in the RC charging circuit of under-voltage judgement delay unit, can prevent the output signal of interference signal to the voltage checking chip not with time delay from disturbing, causing the misoperation of the first gate-controlled switch in under-voltage judgement delay unit.
In addition, by arranging piezo-resistance between the zero line N and live wire L of described single-phase source system, surge protection can be carried out to described over-and under-voltage protective device.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail by referring to accompanying drawing below, the person of ordinary skill in the art is more clear that above-mentioned and other feature and advantage of the present invention, in accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the universal architecture schematic diagram of the over-and under-voltage protective device of single-phase source system.
Fig. 2 is the exemplary block diagram of the over-and under-voltage protective device of single-phase source system in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the over-and under-voltage protective device of single-phase source system in one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the over-and under-voltage protective device of single-phase source system in another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the over-and under-voltage protective device of single-phase source system in a corresponding example embodiment illustrated in fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the over-and under-voltage protective device of single-phase source system in a corresponding example embodiment illustrated in fig. 3.
Wherein, accompanying drawing is described as follows:
10-DC power source unit 20-rectification unit 30-sampling unit 40-overvoltage judging unit 50-overvoltage delay unit 60-under-voltage judging unit 70-under-voltage delay unit 80-circuit breaker trigger element 90-overvoltage judges the isolation of delay unit 100-under-voltage judgement delay unit 110-signal, gets or unit
Embodiment
In the embodiment of the present invention, for reducing the cost of the over-and under-voltage protective device of single-phase source system, consider to adopt the voltage checking chip of cheap band time delay to realize overvoltage/undervoltage judging unit and overvoltage/undervoltage delay unit.
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly, the present invention is described in more detail by the following examples.
Fig. 2 is the exemplary block diagram for the over-and under-voltage protective device of single-phase source system in the embodiment of the present invention.Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the over-and under-voltage protective device of single-phase source system in one embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 2, this system comprises: DC power source unit 10, rectification unit 20, sampling unit 30, overvoltage judge delay unit 90, under-voltage judgement delay unit 100 and circuit breaker trigger element 80.
Wherein, DC power source unit 10 is for providing galvanic current source.During specific implementation, DC power source unit 10 can be, after carrying out step-down and voltage stabilizing process to the voltage output of single-phase source system, produce galvanic current source.Now, DC power source unit 10 directly can export with the voltage of single-phase source system and be connected, and also to export with the voltage of single-phase source system by rectification unit 20 and is connected.Or DC power source unit 10 also can be produced by alternate manner, as battery etc.
In the present embodiment, DC power source unit 10 is connected with rectification unit 20, after carrying out step-down and voltage stabilizing process, produces galvanic current source to the voltage output after rectification unit 20 process.During specific implementation, this DC power source unit 10 can have multiple internal structure.Wherein one has been shown in Fig. 3.Namely this DC power source unit 10 can comprise: the first current-limiting resistance, storage capacitor C1 and the voltage-stabiliser tube Z2 that are made up of at least one current-limiting resistance R1, R2, R3 of being connected in series.Wherein, one end of described first current-limiting resistance is connected with the output of rectification unit 20, the other end is connected with one end of described storage capacitor C1 and the backward end of described voltage-stabiliser tube Z2 respectively, the other end of described storage capacitor C1 and the forward end ground connection of described voltage-stabiliser tube Z2; Wherein, the backward end of described voltage-stabiliser tube Z2 is the output of described DC power source unit 10.
Rectification unit 20 exports after the output of the voltage of described single-phase source system is converted to direct current by interchange.During specific implementation, rectification unit 20 can be halfwave rectifier, also can be full-wave rectification.
Sampling unit 30 is sampled for exporting the voltage after the rectification of described rectification unit 20, and exports sampled voltage signal.During specific implementation, sampling unit 30 can be carry out step-down process or step-down filtering process to the voltage signal that rectification unit 20 exports, and obtains sampled voltage signal.
Overvoltage judges that delay unit 90 is as being with the first voltage checking chip U3 of time delay, for judging that the sampled voltage signal of the current input of pin 5 is whether higher than the releasing voltage of self, as higher than, then start the time delay of the first setting-up time, and in this first setting-up time, judge whether the sampled voltage signal of current input is not less than the detection voltage of self, in this way, then triggering signal Gate1 is exported by pin 4.This triggering signal Gate1 is such as high level.Otherwise if the sampled voltage signal of current input in this first setting-up time is lower than the detection voltage of self, then pin 4 does not export triggering signal, it is namely such as low level.
Wherein, be with the releasing voltage of the first voltage checking chip U3 of time delay higher than its detecting unit.
Under-voltage judgement delay unit 100 comprises: the second voltage checking chip U2 of the voltage checking chip U1 not with time delay, RC charging circuit 101 with the first gate-controlled switch and band time delay.Wherein, the voltage checking chip U1 not with time delay for judging that the sampled voltage signal of the current input of pin two is whether higher than the releasing voltage of self, as higher than, then export normal state signal Out by pin one, be generally high level; And when the sampled voltage signal of current input is not less than the detection voltage of self, maintain this normal state signal Out; Otherwise this pin one does not export this normal state signal Out, is namely now generally low level.RC charging circuit 101 with the first gate-controlled switch is when the described voltage checking chip U1 not with time delay exports described normal state signal, described first gate-controlled switch is in closure state, described RC charging circuit 101 does not charge, when the described voltage checking chip U1 not with time delay does not export described normal state signal, described first gate-controlled switch is in off-state, described RC charging circuit 101 is charged by described DC power source unit 10, and exports corresponding detectable voltage signals.The second voltage checking chip U2 with time delay is for judging that the detectable voltage signals of the current input of pin 5 is whether higher than the releasing voltage of self, as higher than, then start the time delay of the second setting-up time, and in this second setting-up time, judge whether the detectable voltage signals of current input is not less than the detection voltage of self, in this way, then exporting triggering signal Gate2 by pin 4, such as, is high level.Otherwise, if during the detection voltage of the sampled voltage signal of current input in this second setting-up time lower than self, then pin 4 does not export triggering signal Gate2, is namely such as low level.
Wherein, the releasing voltage of the voltage checking chip U1 not with time delay detects voltage higher than it, and the releasing voltage of the second voltage checking chip U2 of band time delay detects voltage higher than it.
Circuit breaker trigger element 80, for when receiving described overvoltage and judging the triggering signal of delay unit 90 or described under-voltage judgement delay unit 100 output, makes the coil motion of the circuit breaker in described single-phase source system loop.
During specific implementation, in order to reduce the cost of over-and under-voltage protective device further in the embodiment of the present invention, overvoltage can be made to judge, and delay unit 90 and under-voltage judgement delay unit 100 share the components and parts in circuit breaker trigger element 80, for this reason, over-and under-voltage protective device in the embodiment of the present invention can further as shown in Figure 3, comprise a signal isolation, get or unit 110, for judging that to described overvoltage the output of delay unit 90 and described under-voltage judgement delay unit 100 is isolated respectively and focuses on a bit, when arbitrary output is wherein triggering signal, triggering signal is exported to described circuit breaker trigger element 80.
During specific implementation, this signal is isolated, get or unit 110 can comprise two diodes D7, D8.Wherein, positive pole and the high pressure of a diode D7 judge that the output of delay unit 90 is connected, and positive pole and the low pressure of another diode D8 judge that the output of delay unit 100 is connected; After the negative pole of two diodes D7, D8 links together as described signal isolation, to get or the output of unit 110 is connected with the input of circuit breaker trigger element 80.
In practical application, due to the mechanical property of the coil (tripping coil) of some circuit breaker itself, when the voltage of single-phase source system is lower than certain value, as 50V or 40V etc., although for the element of under-voltage judgement, as under-voltage judgement delay unit 100, export always and represent under-voltage triggering signal, but the tripping coil of circuit breaker does not have enough energy to complete the mechanical action of dropout, namely circuit breaker can not disconnect, so just cause breaker coil to have big current to pass through in long-time, and then coil damage can be caused even to cause the harm such as fire.
In order to address this problem, determine in another embodiment of the present invention when the voltage of single-phase source system is lower than certain value, as 50V or 40V etc., be used in the element of under-voltage judgement, as under-voltage judgement delay unit 100, do not export and represent under-voltage triggering signal, so, in breaker coil would not for a long time in have big current to pass through, avoid coil and damage and the harm such as fire.
For this reason, DC power source unit 10 can comprise a threshold decision unit, judging for exporting the voltage of single-phase source system, when described voltage exports the low pressure threshold lower than setting, making described DC power source unit 10 export 0 voltage or being less than the voltage of stationary value; When described voltage exports the low pressure threshold higher than setting, make described DC power source unit 10 stable output threshold voltage.Wherein, this threshold decision unit can be such as voltage stabilizing didoe or other there is the device of threshold decision function.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the over-and under-voltage protective device of single-phase source system in another embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 4, in the present embodiment, on the basis of system shown in Figure 3, when making DC power source unit 10 carry out voltage stabilizing process to the voltage signal that described rectification unit 20 exports, when the voltage signal that described rectification unit 20 exports is lower than the low pressure threshold set, described DC power source unit 10 exports 0 voltage or is less than the voltage of stationary value; When the voltage signal that described rectification unit 20 exports is higher than the low pressure threshold set, described DC power source unit 10 stable output threshold voltage.Voltage checking chip U1 so not with time delay in under-voltage judgement delay unit 100 exports secondary signal, and described RC charging circuit 101 is when being charged by described DC power source unit 10, because now DC power source unit 10 exports 0 voltage or the voltage lower than stationary value, therefore described RC charging circuit 101 can export the detectable voltage signals of 0 detectable voltage signals or the releasing voltage lower than the second voltage checking chip U2 of band time delay, makes to be with the second voltage checking chip of time delay not export triggering signal.
During specific implementation, DC power source unit 10 in the present embodiment utilizes before voltage stabilizing circuit carries out voltage stabilizing process at the voltage signal exported rectification unit 20, a voltage-stabiliser tube Z1 can be utilized to filter the voltage signal that rectification unit 20 exports as threshold decision unit, namely when the voltage signal that rectification unit 20 exports is lower than the low pressure threshold set, this voltage-stabiliser tube Z1 not conducting; When the voltage signal that rectification unit 20 exports is higher than the low pressure threshold set, this voltage-stabiliser tube Z1 conducting.So, when low pressure threshold lower than this setting of the voltage of single-phase source system, as 50V or 40V or 30V etc., 0 voltage can be exported or be less than the voltage of stationary value after DC power source unit 10 voltage stabilizing.
As shown in Figure 4, this DC power source unit 10 can specifically comprise: the first current-limiting resistance be made up of at least one current-limiting resistance R1, R2 of being connected in series, the first voltage-stabiliser tube Z1, storage capacitor C1 and the second voltage-stabiliser tube Z2.Wherein, one end of described first current-limiting resistance is connected with the output of rectification unit 20, and the other end is connected with the backward end of the first voltage-stabiliser tube Z1; The forward end of described first voltage-stabiliser tube Z1 is connected respectively at one end of described storage capacitor C1 and the backward end of described second voltage-stabiliser tube Z2, the other end of described storage capacitor C1 and the forward end ground connection of described second voltage-stabiliser tube Z2; Wherein, the backward end of described second voltage-stabiliser tube Z2 is the output of described DC power source unit 10.
During specific implementation, the RC charging circuit 101 with the first gate-controlled switch in the embodiment of the present invention can have multiple specific implementation form.Illustrate only wherein a kind of in Fig. 2 to Fig. 4.Specifically comprise: the first gate-controlled switch K1, the second current-limiting resistance R12, the 3rd current-limiting resistance R11, the first charging capacitor C4, the first discharge resistance R13 and filter capacitor C11.Wherein, a link of the first gate-controlled switch K1 is connected with the output of described DC power source unit 10 by the second current-limiting resistance R12, another link ground connection, the control end of described first gate-controlled switch K1 is connected with the output of the described voltage checking chip U1 not with time delay by the 3rd current-limiting resistance R11; Described first charging capacitor C4 and the first discharge resistance R13 is connected in parallel, and one end is connected with the output of described DC power source unit 10 by described second current-limiting resistance R12, other end ground connection; Described filter capacitor C11 one end is connected with the output of the described voltage checking chip U1 not with time delay by the 3rd current-limiting resistance R11, other end ground connection.Wherein, filter capacitor C11 disturbs for preventing the output signal of interference signal to the voltage checking chip U1 not with time delay, causes the misoperation of the first gate-controlled switch K1.In practical application, if this interference signal can be ignored, then filter capacitor C11 can omit.
During specific implementation, the first gate-controlled switch K1 can be triode, also can be NMOS tube etc.
Preferably, the releasing voltage of the voltage checking chip U1 not with time delay in the embodiment of the present invention is lower than the releasing voltage of the first voltage checking chip U3 of band time delay, such as, the releasing voltage of the voltage checking chip U1 not with time delay can be 2V, and the releasing voltage of the first voltage checking chip U3 of band time delay can be 4V etc.In addition, the first voltage checking chip U3 of band time delay and the second voltage checking chip U2 of band time delay can be the voltage checking chip of same model, and the two can have identical releasing voltage, facilitates the buying of components and parts like this.
Enumerate two examples to be below described in detail a kind of specific implementation of the over-and under-voltage protective device based on the single-phase source system shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 3 respectively.
Example one
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the over-and under-voltage protective device of single-phase source system in a corresponding example embodiment illustrated in fig. 4.As shown in Figure 5, but be in series with the coil Coil of circuit breaker L1 in the loop of phase power-supply system live wire L, zero line N.
In this example, what rectification unit 20 adopted is full-wave rectification, namely utilizes four diodes D1, D2, D3, D4 to export the voltage of single-phase source system and carries out full-wave rectification.
The internal structure of the DC power source unit 10 in this example is consistent with the internal structure in Fig. 3, repeats no more herein.
Sampling unit 30 in this example comprises: a bleeder circuit, a filter circuit and the first diode D5.
Wherein, bleeder circuit is used for exporting the voltage of the single-phase source system after the rectification of described rectification unit 20 carrying out voltage division processing, obtains sampled voltage signal.Particularly, this bleeder circuit comprises: the first divider resistance be made up of at least one divider resistance R4, R5, R6 of connecting, the second divider resistance be made up of at least one divider resistance R18, R7 of being connected in series.Wherein, one end of the first divider resistance is connected with the output of rectification unit 20, and the other end is connected with the second divider resistance, the other end ground connection of the second divider resistance.The ungrounded end of the second divider resistance is the output of described bleeder circuit.During specific implementation, the first divider resistance can realize with the resistance of a resistance or other number.Equally, the second divider resistance also can realize with the resistance of a resistance or other number.
Filter circuit is used for carrying out filtering to the sampled voltage signal that described bleeder circuit obtains, and is exported by the filtered sampled voltage signal obtained.During specific implementation, this filter circuit can comprise an a filter capacitor C2 and discharge resistance R8, and this filter capacitor C2 and this discharge resistance R8 is connected in parallel.
First diode D5 between described bleeder circuit and described filter circuit, for preventing the sampled voltage signals reverse in described filter circuit.The positive pole of the first diode D5 is connected with the output of bleeder circuit, and negative pole is connected with one end of filter circuit, the other end ground connection of filter circuit.Wherein, the ungrounded end of filter circuit is the output of described sampling unit 30.
In this example, can comprise a voltage-stabiliser tube Z3 further in bleeder circuit, this voltage-stabiliser tube Z3 and the second divider resistance are connected in parallel, for carrying out surge protection to over-and under-voltage protective device.Certainly, if during specific implementation filter capacitor C2 arrange enough large time, this voltage-stabiliser tube Z3 being used for surge protection can omit.
Overvoltage in this example judges that the internal structure of delay unit 90 is consistent with the internal structure in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, repeats no more herein.
A bleeder circuit is comprised taking a step forward of the voltage checking chip U1 not with time delay in under-voltage judgement delay unit 100 in this example.In practical application, and the situation of specifically choosing of the voltage checking chip U2 of time delay can be with to determine whether to need this bleeder circuit according to the voltage checking chip U1 not with time delay.Such as, if the combination of the voltage checking chip U2 of the voltage checking chip U1 not with time delay chosen and band time delay, make the releasing magnitude of voltage of the voltage checking chip U1 not with time delay and detect magnitude of voltage can meet the demands under current sampled voltage signal, then without the need to this bleeder circuit.If can not meet the demands, then can this bleeder circuit be utilized current sampled voltage signal to carry out the adjustment of voltage, can meet the demands under making the releasing magnitude of voltage of the voltage checking chip U1 not with time delay and detecting magnitude of voltage voltage signal after the adjustment.
In this example, this bleeder circuit comprises: the first divider resistance be made up of at least one divider resistance R19, R9 of being connected in series and the second divider resistance be made up of the second diode D6 be connected in series and at least one divider resistance R10.Wherein, one end of described first divider resistance is connected with the output of described sampling unit 30, and the other end is connected with one end of described second divider resistance, the other end ground connection of described second divider resistance; The ungrounded end of described second divider resistance is the output of described bleeder circuit.Wherein, the second diode D6 is used for carrying out temperature-compensating to the change in pressure drop that described first diode D5 causes because of variations in temperature.In practical application, if can ignore the change in pressure drop of the first diode D5 that this variations in temperature causes, then this second diode can omit.
In addition, can comprising in this bleeder circuit: a filter capacitor C3, for carrying out filtering to the sampled voltage signal after dividing potential drop, and filtered sampled voltage signal being exported to the voltage checking chip U1 not with time delay.
In this example, the first gate-controlled switch K1 in under-voltage judgement delay unit 100 adopts triode Q1 to realize.Other structure in under-voltage judgement delay unit 100 and realize consistent with the description in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, repeat no more herein.
In this example signal isolation, get or the internal structure of unit 110 consistent with the description in Fig. 3, repeat no more herein.
Circuit breaker trigger element 80 in this example mainly adopts thyristor T1 to realize.The internal structure of this circuit breaker trigger element 80 specifically comprises: the second gate-controlled switch, the 4th current-limiting resistance R15, the 5th current-limiting resistance R14, the second charging capacitor C5, the second discharge resistance R16 and thyristor T1.Wherein, a link of the second gate-controlled switch is connected with the output of described DC power source unit 10 by the 4th current-limiting resistance R15, another link is connected with the second charging capacitor C5, one end of the second discharge resistance R16 and the control end of thyristor T1 respectively, and the control end of described second gate-controlled switch is isolated with described signal by the 5th current-limiting resistance R14, get or the output of unit 110 is connected; The other end ground connection of described second charging capacitor C5 and the second discharge resistance R16; Described thyristor T1 is used for the coil L1Coil action controlling the circuit breaker in single-phase source system loop when conducting.In the example as shown in fig. 5, preferably, the tripping coil L1Coil of circuit breaker and thyristor T1 is connected in series on output L and N of individual event power supply.Like this when T1 conducting, tripping coil L1Coil interiorly in short-term can obtain big current, thus performs trip action, and and then impels breaker actuation mechanically.Fig. 5 simply show a kind of connected mode of tripping coil and trigger element.But the protective device that the present invention proposes can be adapted to multiple different triggering design and be not limited to situation shown in Fig. 5, this point is apparent to those skilled in the art.
In addition, the over-and under-voltage protective device in this example comprises a piezo-resistance R17 be connected between the zero line N of described single-phase source system and live wire L further, for carrying out surge protection to described over-and under-voltage protective device.
By adopting multiple sub-resistance to form a current-limiting resistance or divider resistance in the circuit such as DC voltage unit and sampling unit in this real inventive embodiments, limited narrow space can be made full use of, and reduce system power dissipation, realizing better area of dissipation.
The workflow of the over-and under-voltage protective device in this example is as follows:
When the single-phase AC voltage of input is greater than 0V, during lower than certain value, namely lower than predetermined low pressure value (as 30V), now be in under-voltage condition, voltage-stabiliser tube Z1 not conducting, voltage-stabiliser tube Z2 both end voltage is 0V, when the single-phase AC voltage of input continues to increase, but still when being less than certain value (as 40V), voltage-stabiliser tube Z1 starts conducting, voltage-stabiliser tube Z2 both end voltage is less than certain value, namely VCC voltage is 0 or is less than certain value, the voltage of the voltage input-terminal VDD of the voltage checking chip U1 not with time delay is lower than the releasing voltage of voltage checking chip U1, voltage checking chip U1 does not export high level, triode Q1 is in cut-off state, be 0 due to VCC voltage or be less than certain value, so the voltage of voltage input-terminal VDD of the voltage checking chip U2 of band time delay is also 0 or is less than its releasing voltage, now voltage checking chip U2 does not export high level, thyristor T1 not conducting, big current is not had to flow through coil.
When input ac voltage increases gradually, now still be in under-voltage condition, voltage-stabiliser tube Z1 conducting, the voltage of DC power source unit 10 is enough large, the voltage of the voltage input-terminal VDD of voltage checking chip U1 is lower than the releasing voltage of voltage checking chip U1, voltage checking chip U1 does not export high level, triode Q1 is in cut-off state, voltage-stabiliser tube Z2 both end voltage starts to increase, VCC voltage starts to increase, now the voltage of voltage checking chip U2 voltage input-terminal VDD starts to increase, the voltage of the voltage input-terminal VDD of voltage checking chip U2 is greater than the releasing voltage of voltage checking chip U2, and within a period of time, be not less than the detection voltage of voltage checking chip U2, now voltage checking chip U2 exports high level, now thyristor T1 conducting, big current passes through coil, the release mechanism action of circuit breaker.
When input ac voltage continues to increase, now be in normal condition, the voltage of the voltage input-terminal VDD of voltage checking chip U1 is greater than the releasing voltage of voltage checking chip U1, voltage checking chip U1 exports high level, triode Q1 is in conducting state, now the voltage of voltage checking chip U2 voltage input-terminal VDD is 0, and voltage checking chip U2 does not export high level.Now the voltage of the voltage input-terminal VDD of voltage checking chip U3 is less than the detection voltage of voltage checking chip U3, and now voltage checking chip U3 does not export high level, now thyristor T1 not conducting, does not have big current to flow through coil.
When input ac voltage continues to increase, now be in overvoltage condition, the voltage of the voltage input-terminal VDD of voltage checking chip U3 is greater than the releasing voltage of voltage checking chip U3, and within a period of time, be not less than the detection voltage of voltage checking chip U3, now voltage checking chip U3 exports high level, now thyristor T1 conducting, big current passes through coil, the release mechanism action of circuit breaker.
Example two
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the over-and under-voltage protective device of single-phase source system in a corresponding example embodiment illustrated in fig. 3.As shown in Figure 6, in this example, the voltage-stabiliser tube Z1 in Fig. 5 is replaced with current-limiting resistance R3, and other structures are consistent.
The workflow of the over-and under-voltage protective device in this example is as follows:
When the single-phase AC voltage of input is greater than 0V, and during lower than under-voltage reference value, now be in under-voltage condition, voltage-stabiliser tube Z2 both end voltage increases to stationary value gradually, the voltage of the voltage input-terminal VDD of the voltage checking chip U1 not with time delay is lower than the releasing voltage of voltage checking chip U1, voltage checking chip U1 does not export high level, triode Q1 is in cut-off state, the voltage of the voltage input-terminal VDD of the voltage checking chip U2 with time delay is greater than its releasing voltage, and within a period of time, be not less than the detection voltage of voltage checking chip U2, now voltage checking chip U2 exports high level, thyristor T1 conducting, big current passes through coil, the release mechanism action of circuit breaker.
When input ac voltage continues to increase, now be in normal condition, the voltage of the voltage input-terminal VDD of voltage checking chip U1 is greater than the releasing voltage of voltage checking chip U1, voltage checking chip U1 exports high level, triode Q1 is in conducting state, now the voltage of voltage checking chip U2 voltage input-terminal VDD is 0, and voltage checking chip U2 does not export high level.Now the voltage of the voltage input-terminal VDD of voltage checking chip U3 is less than the detection voltage of voltage checking chip U3, and now voltage checking chip U3 does not export high level, now thyristor T1 not conducting, does not have big current to flow through coil.
When input ac voltage continues to increase, now be in overvoltage condition, the voltage of the voltage input-terminal VDD of voltage checking chip U3 is greater than the releasing voltage of voltage checking chip U3, and within a period of time, be not less than the detection voltage of voltage checking chip U3, now voltage checking chip U3 exports high level, now thyristor T1 conducting, big current passes through coil, the release mechanism action of circuit breaker.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. the over-and under-voltage protective device for single-phase source system; comprise: DC power source unit (10), rectification unit (20), sampling unit (30), overvoltage judge delay unit (90), under-voltage judgement delay unit (100) and circuit breaker trigger element (80), wherein:
Described DC power source unit (10) is for providing galvanic current source;
Described rectification unit (20) exports after the output of the voltage of described single-phase source system is converted to direct current by interchange;
Described sampling unit (30) is sampled for exporting the voltage after described rectification unit (20) rectification, and exports sampled voltage signal;
Described overvoltage judges that delay unit (90) is as being with first voltage checking chip (U3) of time delay, for judging that the sampled voltage signal of current input is whether higher than the releasing voltage of self, as higher than, then start the time delay of the first setting-up time, and in this first setting-up time, judge whether the sampled voltage signal of current input is not less than the detection voltage of self, in this way, then export triggering signal, wherein remove voltage higher than detection voltage;
Described under-voltage judgement delay unit (100) comprising: second voltage checking chip (U2) of the voltage checking chip (U1) not with time delay, RC charging circuit (101) with the first gate-controlled switch and band time delay,
The wherein said voltage checking chip (U1) not with time delay is for judging that the sampled voltage signal of current input is whether higher than the releasing voltage of self, as higher than, then export normal state signal, and when the sampled voltage signal of current input is not less than the detection voltage of self, maintain this normal state signal; Otherwise, do not export this normal state signal;
The RC charging circuit (101) of described band gate-controlled switch is when the described voltage checking chip (U1) not with time delay exports described normal state signal, described first gate-controlled switch is in closure state, described RC charging circuit (101) is not charged, when the described voltage checking chip (U1) not with time delay does not export described normal state signal, described first gate-controlled switch is in off-state, described RC charging circuit (101) is charged by described DC power source unit (10), and exports corresponding detectable voltage signals;
Second voltage checking chip (U2) of described band time delay is for judging that the detectable voltage signals of current input is whether higher than the releasing voltage of self, as higher than, then start the time delay of the second setting-up time, and in this second setting-up time, judge whether the detectable voltage signals of current input is not less than the detection voltage of self, in this way, then triggering signal is exported;
Described circuit breaker trigger element (80), for when receiving described overvoltage and judging the triggering signal that delay unit (90) or described under-voltage judgement delay unit (100) export, makes the coil motion of the circuit breaker in described single-phase source system loop.
2. the over-and under-voltage protective device for single-phase source system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described DC power source unit (10) produces after carrying out dividing potential drop and voltage stabilizing to the voltage output of single-phase source system.
3. the over-and under-voltage protective device for single-phase source system according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described DC power source unit (10) comprises a threshold decision unit, judge for exporting the voltage of described single-phase source system, when described voltage exports the low pressure threshold lower than setting, make described DC power source unit (10) export 0 voltage or be less than the voltage of a stationary value; When described voltage exports the low pressure threshold higher than setting, make described DC power source unit (10) stable output threshold voltage.
4. the over-and under-voltage protective device for single-phase source system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described DC power source unit (10) comprising: the first current-limiting resistance be made up of at least one current-limiting resistance (R1, R2) be connected in series, the first voltage-stabiliser tube (Z1), storage capacitor (C1) and the second voltage-stabiliser tube (Z2); One end of described first current-limiting resistance is connected with the output of rectification unit (20), and the other end is connected with the backward end of the first voltage-stabiliser tube (Z1); The forward end of described first voltage-stabiliser tube (Z1) is connected with one end of described storage capacitor (C1) and the backward end of described second voltage-stabiliser tube (Z2) respectively, the other end of described storage capacitor (C1) and the forward end ground connection of described second voltage-stabiliser tube (Z2); Wherein, the backward end of described second voltage-stabiliser tube (Z2) is the output of described DC power source unit (10); Described first voltage-stabiliser tube (Z1) the voltage signal that described rectification unit (20) exports lower than setting low pressure threshold time, not conducting; When the voltage signal that described rectification unit (20) exports is higher than the low pressure threshold set, conducting.
5. the over-and under-voltage protective device for single-phase source system according to any one of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that, described under-voltage judgement delay unit (100) also comprises: the first bleeder circuit, for the voltage checking chip (U1) not with time delay described in exporting to after carrying out voltage division processing to the sampled voltage signal from sampling unit (30); The described voltage checking chip (U1) not with time delay for judge current input dividing potential drop after sampled voltage signal whether higher than the releasing voltage of self, as higher than, then export described normal state signal, and the sampled voltage signal after the dividing potential drop of current input is when being not less than the detection voltage of self, maintain this normal state signal; Otherwise, do not export described normal state signal.
6. the over-and under-voltage protective device for single-phase source system according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described sampling unit (30) comprising: the second bleeder circuit, filter circuit and the first diode (D5);
Described second bleeder circuit is used for exporting the voltage of the single-phase source system after described rectification unit (20) rectification carrying out voltage division processing, obtains sampled voltage signal;
Described filter circuit is used for carrying out filtering to the sampled voltage signal that described bleeder circuit obtains, and is exported by the filtered sampled voltage signal obtained;
Described first diode (D5) between described bleeder circuit and described filter circuit, for preventing the reverse direction current flow in described filter circuit;
Described first bleeder circuit comprises: the first divider resistance be made up of at least one divider resistance (R19, R9) be connected in series and the second divider resistance be made up of the second diode (D6) be connected in series and at least one divider resistance (R10); One end of described first divider resistance is connected with the output of described sampling unit (30), and the other end is connected with one end of described second divider resistance, the other end ground connection of described second divider resistance; The ungrounded end of described second divider resistance is the output of described first bleeder circuit; Described second diode (D6) compensates for the change in pressure drop caused because of variations in temperature described first diode (D5).
7. the over-and under-voltage protective device for single-phase source system according to any one of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that, the RC charging circuit (101) of described band first gate-controlled switch comprises: the first gate-controlled switch (K1), the second current-limiting resistance (R12), the 3rd current-limiting resistance (R11), the first charging capacitor (C4) and the first discharge resistance (R13);
A link of described first gate-controlled switch (K1) is connected with the output of described DC power source unit (10) by the second current-limiting resistance (R12), another link ground connection, the control end of described first gate-controlled switch (K1) is connected with the output of the described voltage checking chip (U1) not with time delay by the 3rd current-limiting resistance (R11); Described first charging capacitor (C4) and the first discharge resistance (R13) are connected in parallel, and one end is connected with the output of described DC power source unit (10) by described second current-limiting resistance (R12), other end ground connection.
8. the over-and under-voltage protective device for single-phase source system according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described first gate-controlled switch (K1) is the first triode (Q1) or NMOS tube.
9. the over-and under-voltage protective device for single-phase source system according to any one of claim 1 to 4; it is characterized in that; described device comprises further: signal is isolated, got or unit (110); for judging that to described overvoltage the output of delay unit (90) and described under-voltage judgement delay unit (100) is isolated respectively and focuses on a bit; when arbitrary output is wherein triggering signal, triggering signal is exported to described circuit breaker trigger element (80).
10. according to the over-and under-voltage protective device for single-phase source system shown in claim 9, it is characterized in that, described circuit breaker trigger element (80) comprising: the second gate-controlled switch, the 4th current-limiting resistance (R15), the 5th current-limiting resistance (R14), the second charging capacitor (C5), the second discharge resistance (R16) and thyristor (T1);
A link of described second gate-controlled switch is connected with the output of described DC power source unit (10) by the 4th current-limiting resistance (R15), another link is connected with one end of the second charging capacitor (C5), the second discharge resistance (R16) and the control end of thyristor (T1) respectively, and the control end of described second gate-controlled switch is isolated with described signal by the 5th current-limiting resistance (R14), get or the output of unit (110) is connected; The other end ground connection of described second charging capacitor (C5) and the second discharge resistance (R16); Described thyristor (T1) is for controlling coil (L1Coil) action of the circuit breaker in single-phase source system loop when conducting.
The 11. over-and under-voltage protective devices for single-phase source system according to claim 10, is characterized in that, described second gate-controlled switch (K2) is the second triode (Q2) or NMOS tube.
The 12. over-and under-voltage protective devices for single-phase source system according to any one of claim 1 to 4; it is characterized in that; described device comprises further: be connected to the piezo-resistance (R17) between the zero line of described single-phase source system and live wire, for carrying out surge protection to described over-and under-voltage protective device.
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| RU226931U1 (en) * | 2024-06-04 | 2024-06-28 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ИГплюс" | Microphone with protection against electrical damage |
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| CN104022559A (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2014-09-03 | 国家电网公司 | Electric bus charger module |
| CN105811364B (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2018-12-07 | 上海良信电器股份有限公司 | The control circuit of breaker Undertension shunt opening integrated electrical apparatus release |
| EP3505943B1 (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2020-05-20 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Detection of an electrical overvoltage |
| CN113381084B (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2022-07-01 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Calibration circuit, battery protection chip and calibration method of calibration circuit |
| CN113740595B (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2022-01-04 | 四川力士达智慧照明科技有限公司 | Single-phase alternating current voltage detection protection circuit based on mutual inductor |
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| JP4380464B2 (en) * | 2004-08-16 | 2009-12-09 | 船井電機株式会社 | Power supply protection circuit for antenna |
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| CN1048363C (en) * | 1998-02-24 | 2000-01-12 | 曹德祥 | Three-phase AC Voltage protector |
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