CN103487791A - RCS conversion method based on scattering center matrix - Google Patents
RCS conversion method based on scattering center matrix Download PDFInfo
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- CN103487791A CN103487791A CN201310436825.3A CN201310436825A CN103487791A CN 103487791 A CN103487791 A CN 103487791A CN 201310436825 A CN201310436825 A CN 201310436825A CN 103487791 A CN103487791 A CN 103487791A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an RCS conversion method based on a scattering center matrix. The method comprises the steps of adopting a moment method or an iterative physical optical method to obtain the approximation relation between an induction source and an exposure field according to a set target rough geometric model, and setting the scattering center conversion matrix between the exposure field and the RCS with a target to be measured comprising an undetermined coefficient; according to the observation direction required to conduct RCS conversion, using the direction of an observation center as a fixed incident angle, and obtaining double-station scattering performance data under the different scattering angles of the target to be measured; adopting the least square method to determine the undetermined coefficient in the conversion matrix; achieving the RCS conversion of the target. The method is not limited in the high-frequency area, the suitable angle range is larger, the required data size is small, and engineering realization is easy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the electromagnetic characteristic of scattering data processing field, particularly a kind of RCS conversion method based on the scattering center matrix.
Background technology
Target RCS (RCS) conversion method mainly contains conversion method, the conversion method based on being scattering into picture and the convolution extrapolation algorithm etc. that distribute based on the enveloping surface tangential field at present.Wherein, theoretical foundation based on enveloping surface tangential field distribution conversion method is Huygens' principle, and the precision of its RCS conversion is higher, but the method requires two stations RCS data volumes of measurement very huge, need to measure the two stations RCS data under different incidence angles and different scattering angle, the Project Realization cost is larger; The scattering data that conversion method based on being scattering into picture requires is less, can directly utilize single station RCS width phase measuring system commonly used to obtain, Project Realization is easier to, but but the method requires the combination that target Approximate Equivalent to be measured is one group of scattering point, the local effect that comes from high frequency region due to scattering point is approximate, and need supposition scattering point parameter not with variations such as observation angle, distances, the scope of application of this conversion method is subject to larger restriction; The convolution extrapolation algorithm is mainly based on the physical optics model, and the measurement data that its conversion requires is less, but has also adopted the local effect of high frequency region approximate, and there is larger limitation too in its scope of application.As can be seen here, the RCS conversion method of the easier Project Realization of latter two exists more approximate on principle, it is the hypothesis that the high frequency region local effect is approximate and the scattering point parameter does not change with angle, distance etc., without loss of generality, take the linear system with interaction of electromagnetic wave and metal surface target here describes as example.
Suppose that the irradiation source distance is
the time target surface induction source distribution be
, the target surface exposure field is distributed as
, between target scattering induction source and exposure field, relation can be write as matrix form,
In formula:
for matrix of coefficients, when discrete point is enough close, this entry of a matrix element is only relevant to how much physical features of target and irradiation wave frequency etc., and irrelevant with irradiation distance, angle etc.Visible, generally the target surface induction source distributes not only relevant to the local irradiation field, also relevant to the exposure field at other position.
And existing based on being scattering into the RCS conversion methods such as picture, convolution extrapolation, it is mainly approximate according to the local effect of high frequency region, has ignored matrix of coefficients
in non-diagonal regions element, be about to that formula (1) is approximate to be reduced to
In formula,
mean column vector;
the scattering point number that means target Equivalent;
mean that the local induction source of target that each scattering point is corresponding distributes;
mean that local exposure field distributes;
mean local coefficient's matrix that each scattering point is corresponding,
This is its first approximate condition.Simultaneously, because scattered field is mainly distributed and determined by the target induction source, the scattering point coefficient also will be distributed and be determined by local induction source, according to formula (3), the scattering point coefficient will be subject to the impact that exposure field distributes: when irradiation source close together, target regional area size that scattering point is corresponding do not meet far field condition, the local irradiation field will be difficult to its average magnitude approximate representation, and the scattering point coefficient will change with observed range; When the observation angle scope is larger, the local irradiation field also will be difficult to its average magnitude approximate representation, and the scattering point coefficient will change with observation angle; This is second approximate condition.
As can be seen here, existing RCS conversion method is difficult to the practical situations of applicable Electromagnetic Scattering of Complex Target, needs the further more effective target RCS conversion method of research.
Summary of the invention
There is larger limitation in order to solve existing RCS conversion approximation technique, can't be applicable to the problem of the situations such as each locally coupled strong, scattering point parameter variation of target, the invention provides a kind of RCS conversion method based on the scattering center matrix.
Technical program of the present invention lies in providing a kind of RCS conversion method based on the scattering center matrix, the method comprises the steps:
A, by mapping, obtain the target geometric data, set up the rough geometric model of target, the roughly profile that wherein at least needs to comprise each parts of target and mutual geometric relationship;
B, according to the rough geometric model of target, adopt method of moment or iterative physical optics method to obtain the approximation relation between its induction source and exposure field, set up RCS that target to be measured comprises undetermined coefficient and the scattering center transition matrix between exposure field;
C, the observed ray of need being carried out to the RCS conversion, for being fixed into firing angle, obtain lower pair of station scattering properties data of the different scattering angle of target to be measured with the observation center position;
D, employing least square method are determined the undetermined coefficient in transition matrix;
E, utilize the scattering center matrix to carry out the target RCS conversion.
Alternatively, in steps A, further comprise:
When setting up the rough geometric model of target, according to position relationship and observed range between each parts of target, according to the far-field approximation condition, carry out the piecemeal division, wherein via formula 4, obtain each block size:
In formula,
for irradiation source and target component spacing;
for irradiating electromagnetic wavelength.
RCS conversion method as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that,
In step B, further comprise:
The rough geometric model of target is carried out to mesh generation, obtain the induction source of each grid and the piecemeal approximation relation matrix between exposure field, formula 5:
In formula,
for target piecemeal sum;
mean the
the corresponding induction source of piecemeal and the
piecemeal relational matrix between the corresponding exposure field of piecemeal;
The piecemeal relational matrix of realistic objective is expressed as to formula 6:
By this piecemeal relational matrix element aggregation, and build the scattering center matrix, described scattering center entry of a matrix element is relation between corresponding scattering function and exposure field, with formula 7a and formula 7b, means:
In formula,
for the scattering center matrix element;
for the scattered field observation station to target's center's distance;
for scattering angle;
for irradiation source to target's center's distance;
for incident angle;
variation function for the scattering center matrix element;
undetermined coefficient for the scattering center matrix element;
be
the target surface area that individual induction source is corresponding;
for electromagnetic wavelength;
for local coefficient's matrix
element;
be
the piecemeal grid is assembled the distance vector at center to it;
be
the piecemeal grid is assembled the distance vector at center to it;
,
be respectively scattering wave vector and incident wave vector.
In step C, according to the observed range of setting, and near the set angle scope described incident direction chosen is during as the scattering direction, and the two station of the target of choosing Scattering Amplitude phase data sets are designated as
,
for scattering angle,
,
for choosing the scattering angle number,
, and calculate the now variation function of each element of scattering center matrix according to described formula 7b.
In step D, the two stations scattering data collection that utilizes the scattering piecemeal relational matrix of target to be measured and choose, set up the system of linear equations that solves undetermined coefficient, and formula 8:
The recycling least square method is estimated undetermined coefficient, and formula 9:
In above formula,
mean column vector.
In step e, utilize the undetermined coefficient solve, calculate the variation function of each element of scattering center matrix under the observed range of new settings and angular range, and the conversion of according to formula 7a, 7b and following formula 10, calculating RCS:
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
The present invention mainly utilizes relation between the rough geometric model of target and induction source and exposure field, the scattering center transition matrix that comprises undetermined coefficient between establishing target RCS and exposure field, two stations scattering data that recycling is measured is determined the undetermined coefficient in matrix, and then the conversion of realize target RCS, have following advantage: (1), the inventive method have counted the coupling between target component, the stronger situation applicable to coupling between parts, and be not limited to high frequency region; (2) the inventive method has counted target geometric properties information roughly, and its applicable angular range is larger; (3) data volume that the inventive method requires is less, only requires the two station of target RCS point audio data under limited incident angle, is easy to Project Realization.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the method for the invention;
Fig. 2 is prolate dihedral angle piecemeal schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is for the prolate dihedral angle of conversion two stations RCS data closely;
Fig. 4 is the remote single station of the dihedral angle RCS data that conversion is obtained.
Embodiment
By describing technology contents of the present invention, structural attitude in detail, being reached purpose and effect, below in conjunction with embodiment and coordinate accompanying drawing to be described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, the RCS conversion method based on the scattering center matrix of the present invention comprises the steps:
(A), the rough profile of target is obtained and partitioning pretreatment
Obtain the roughly profile of each parts of target and mutual geometry site by mapping, ignore the details such as target surface roughness, deformation, set up rough object module; According to position relationship and observed range between each parts of target, according to the far-field approximation condition, carry out the piecemeal division again, each block size is got
In formula,
for irradiation source and target component spacing;
for irradiating electromagnetic wavelength.From (4) formula, the desirable smaller value of block size when the adjacent component close together, and adjacent component desirable higher value of block size when distant; Simultaneously, material behavior that as far as possible guarantees each piecemeal during division etc. is close.
(B), the scattering center matrix of RCS conversion builds
Utilize the rough geometric model of target, by theoretical modeling pattern, the target geometric model is carried out to mesh generation, then adopt the electromagnetic calculations such as method of moment, iterative physical optics to obtain the induction source of its each grid and the piecemeal approximation relation matrix between exposure field,
In formula,
for target piecemeal sum;
mean the
the corresponding induction source of piecemeal and the
piecemeal relational matrix between the corresponding exposure field of piecemeal, if with undetermined coefficient
characterize the difference of realistic objective and the simple model of building, the piecemeal relational matrix of realistic objective can be written as
Now, if by this piecemeal relational matrix element aggregation, can build the scattering center matrix according to the scattering center concept, matrix element is relation between corresponding scattering function and exposure field, can be written as
In formula,
for the scattering center matrix element;
for the scattered field observation station to target's center's distance;
for scattering angle;
for irradiation source to target's center's distance;
for incident angle;
variation function for the scattering center matrix element;
undetermined coefficient for the scattering center matrix element;
be
the target surface area that individual induction source is corresponding;
for electromagnetic wavelength;
for local coefficient's matrix
element;
be
the piecemeal grid is assembled the distance vector at center to it;
be
the piecemeal grid is assembled the distance vector at center to it;
,
be respectively scattering wave vector and incident wave vector.
(C), two stations scattering data collection is chosen
The observed ray that conversion requires according to RCS, choose a certain observed range, elect the observation center position required as incident direction, the scattering direction choose near incident direction for example, than polarizers of big angle scope (being the angular range more than 50 ° or 50 ° in a preferred example), usually need comprise the main scattering direction of target to be measured, the two station of the target of choosing by these conditions Scattering Amplitude phase data set is designated as
,
for scattering angle,
,
for choosing scattering angle number, requirement
,
for target piecemeal sum.
(D), undetermined coefficient solves
The two stations scattering data collection that utilizes the scattering partitioned matrix relation of target to be measured and choose, set up the system of linear equations that solves undetermined coefficient,
In formula, because two stations scattering data of choosing is concentrated
,
,
for fixed value, here by formula 7b
be abbreviated as
.
The recycling least square method is estimated undetermined coefficient,
In formula,
mean column vector.
(E), RCS conversion
The undetermined coefficient that utilization solves, utilize formula (7) to realize under other observed range, view angle RCS(, conversion σ),
The prolate dihedral angle target of take is example, and the embodiment of the RCS transition matrix method based on the scattering center matrix of the present invention is described.Here launch and receive and all adopt vertical polarization, suppose that wave frequency is 10GHz, the RCS of known 0.8m distance target distributes, and requires conversion to obtain the target RCS at 1km place.
Step 1: the rough profile of target is obtained and partitioning pretreatment
First set up the rough geometric shape model of prolate dihedral angle target, as shown in Figure 2, Fig. 2 is the piecemeal schematic diagram of overlooking prolate dihedral angle under condition, here with the two sides of line segment approximate representation dihedral angle, the long length of side on its two sides is 0.36m, along the narrow length of side of direction of visual lines, is 0.02m.Simultaneously, according to observed range, far field condition and target signature, it is divided into to 5 zones, every length of side presses 0.09m, 0.09m and 0.18m divides,
,
,
.Wherein,
l 1 with
l 1 'be piecemeal 1 together;
l 2 'for piecemeal 2;
l 3 'for piecemeal 3;
l 2 for piecemeal 4;
l 3 for piecemeal 5.
Step 2: the scattering center matrix builds
Adopt the iterative physical optics method to calculate the relational matrix between target induction source and exposure field, then build the concrete scattering center matrix form of this target according to target characteristic
,
Step 3: two stations scattering data collection is chosen
Here two stations scattering properties data set of choosing is as follows: observed range is 0.8m, and incident angle is fixed as
, scattering angle in
scope, press
interval is chosen.As shown in Figure 3.Calculate the now variation function of each element of scattering center matrix according to formula (7b) again
.
Step 4: undetermined coefficient solves
Two stations scattering data collection that utilization is chosen, adopt least square method to solve the undetermined coefficient in formula (11)
, its matrix form result is as follows:
Step 5: RCS conversion
According to the observed range that will change RCS and angular range, again calculate the variation function of each element of scattering center matrix
, utilize formula (7) and formula (10) to calculate target lower single station RCS distribution at a distance, result as shown in Figure 4, its
in scope, result is less with the RCS error of directly calculating, and the validity of the inventive method has been described.
Although content of the present invention has been done detailed introduction by above preferred embodiment, will be appreciated that above-mentioned description should not be considered to limitation of the present invention.After those skilled in the art have read foregoing, for multiple modification of the present invention with to substitute will be all apparent.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be limited to the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. the RCS conversion method based on the scattering center matrix, is characterized in that, the method comprises the steps:
A, by mapping, obtain the target geometric data, set up the rough geometric model of target, the roughly profile that wherein at least needs to comprise each parts of target and mutual geometric relationship;
B, according to the rough geometric model of target, adopt method of moment or iterative physical optics method to obtain the approximation relation between its induction source and exposure field, set up RCS that target to be measured comprises undetermined coefficient and the scattering center transition matrix between exposure field;
C, the observed ray of need being carried out to the RCS conversion, for being fixed into firing angle, obtain lower pair of station scattering properties data of the different scattering angle of target to be measured with the observation center position;
D, employing least square method are determined the undetermined coefficient in transition matrix;
E, utilize the scattering center matrix to carry out the target RCS conversion.
2. RCS conversion method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that,
In steps A, further comprise:
When setting up the rough geometric model of target, according to position relationship and observed range between each parts of target, according to the far-field approximation condition, carry out the piecemeal division, wherein via formula 4, obtain each block size:
3. RCS conversion method as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that,
In step B, further comprise:
The rough geometric model of target is carried out to mesh generation, obtain the induction source of each grid and the piecemeal approximation relation matrix between exposure field, formula 5:
In formula,
for target piecemeal sum;
mean the
the corresponding induction source of piecemeal and the
piecemeal relational matrix between the corresponding exposure field of piecemeal;
The piecemeal relational matrix of realistic objective is expressed as to formula 6:
By this piecemeal relational matrix element aggregation, and build the scattering center matrix, described scattering center entry of a matrix element is relation between corresponding scattering function and exposure field, with formula 7a and formula 7b, means:
In formula,
for the scattering center matrix element;
for the scattered field observation station to target's center's distance;
for scattering angle;
for irradiation source to target's center's distance;
for incident angle;
variation function for the scattering center matrix element;
undetermined coefficient for the scattering center matrix element;
be
the target surface area that individual induction source is corresponding;
for electromagnetic wavelength;
for local coefficient's matrix
element;
be
the piecemeal grid is assembled the distance vector at center to it;
be
the piecemeal grid is assembled the distance vector at center to it;
,
be respectively scattering wave vector and incident wave vector.
4. RCS conversion method as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that,
In step C, according to the observed range of setting, and near the set angle scope described incident direction chosen is during as the scattering direction, and the two station of the target of choosing Scattering Amplitude phase data sets are designated as
,
for scattering angle,
,
for choosing the scattering angle number,
, and calculate the now variation function of each element of scattering center matrix according to described formula 7b.
5. RCS conversion method as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that,
In step D, the two stations scattering data collection that utilizes the scattering piecemeal relational matrix of target to be measured and choose, set up the system of linear equations that solves undetermined coefficient, and formula 8:
The recycling least square method is estimated undetermined coefficient, and formula 9:
In formula,
In above formula,
mean column vector.
6. RCS conversion method as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that,
In step e, utilize the undetermined coefficient solve, calculate the variation function of each element of scattering center matrix under the observed range of new settings and angular range, and the conversion of according to formula 7a, 7b and following formula 10, calculating RCS:
。
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Cited By (5)
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CN103760544A (en) * | 2014-01-14 | 2014-04-30 | 北京环境特性研究所 | Scattering center extraction method and system for radar target |
CN104215949A (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2014-12-17 | 上海无线电设备研究所 | Target RCS (radar cross section) calibration method based on automatic gain control voltage correction |
CN106096267A (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-11-09 | 上海无线电设备研究所 | A kind of EM scattering of cavities characteristic quick calculation method |
CN106291496A (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2017-01-04 | 上海无线电设备研究所 | Moving targets based on four path models and ground combination scattering modeling method |
CN109100692A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-12-28 | 西安电子科技大学 | Rough surface and multiple target combination scattering emulation modes based on iterative physical optics |
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Cited By (8)
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CN103760544A (en) * | 2014-01-14 | 2014-04-30 | 北京环境特性研究所 | Scattering center extraction method and system for radar target |
CN103760544B (en) * | 2014-01-14 | 2016-05-11 | 北京环境特性研究所 | The scattering centers extraction method and system of radar target |
CN104215949A (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2014-12-17 | 上海无线电设备研究所 | Target RCS (radar cross section) calibration method based on automatic gain control voltage correction |
CN106096267A (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-11-09 | 上海无线电设备研究所 | A kind of EM scattering of cavities characteristic quick calculation method |
CN106096267B (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2018-12-11 | 上海无线电设备研究所 | A kind of EM scattering of cavities characteristic quick calculation method |
CN106291496A (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2017-01-04 | 上海无线电设备研究所 | Moving targets based on four path models and ground combination scattering modeling method |
CN106291496B (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2019-03-08 | 上海无线电设备研究所 | Moving target and ground combination scattering modeling method based on four path models |
CN109100692A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-12-28 | 西安电子科技大学 | Rough surface and multiple target combination scattering emulation modes based on iterative physical optics |
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