CN104750960A - Method for rapidly extracting electrical property parameter of metal truss-type radome - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for rapidly extracting the electrical property parameter of a metal truss-type radome. The method includes: building geometric models of the antenna equivalent aperture, the metal truss and the medium skin firstly; then calculating the magnetic field of the metal truss surface through the formula of Stratton-Chu and the induced current of the metal truss light area through the physical optical method; calculating the incident electric field and the magnetic field of any point on the medium skin inner surface through the formula of the Stratton-Chu and the transmission coefficient of the point, obtaining the electric field and the magnetic field of the skin outer surface according to the incident electric field and the magnetic field, and calculating the equivalent current and magnetic current of the outer surface; and respectively calculating the induced current of the metal truss and the far field of the induction electromagnetic current on the medium skin outer surface in the observing direction, calculating the gain pattern and obtaining the electrical property parameter of the metal truss-type radome. Compare with the prior art, the method for rapidly extracting the electric property parameter of the metal truss-type radome has the advantages of being high in precision and calculating speed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of radar antennas, and particularly relates to a method for quickly extracting electrical performance parameters of a metal truss type antenna housing, which can be used for predicting the electrical performance of the antenna housing with a metal truss and a dielectric skin.
Background
The antenna housing is used as an important component of a radar system and provides an all-weather working environment for the radar antenna. The design of the radome needs to achieve good mechanical properties and telecommunication performance indexes. In order to meet mechanical performance indexes, a large-scale radome generally adopts a metal truss and dielectric skin composite structure.
Generally, the radar antenna operates in a higher frequency band, the size of the radome is larger, which brings great difficulty to the analysis problem, for example, a radome with a diameter of 20m in the Ka band will reach 2800 electrical wavelengths, and an accurate numerical method, such as a multilayer fast multipole method MLFMA (j.m.song, c.c.lu, and w.c.chew, multiple fast multipole algorithm for electronic calibration by large complex objects, IEEE trans.antennas processing, 1997,45(10): 1488-.
Aiming at the analysis of the electrical property of the metal truss radome, an induced current rate theory (Du Guang, radome telecommunication design method, Beijing: national defense industry publisher, 1993) is widely adopted at present, and the method assumes that each truss is infinitely long and ignores the effect of the connection part of the truss and the truss, so that the calculation result has larger error and is not beneficial to being compared with an accurate numerical method; secondly, for the cylindrical truss, the induced current rate has an analytic calculation formula, while the induced current rate of the truss with other shapes needs to be calculated by a numerical method, which increases the calculation time.
The existing method for analyzing the electrical performance parameters of the metal truss type antenna housing mainly has the following two problems:
(1) the metal truss modeling is too simple, and the influence of the metal truss connection position is ignored.
(2) Due to modeling differences, the calculated results and the exact numerical method cannot be compared.
(3) For the non-cylindrical metal truss, the induced current rate needs to be calculated by a numerical method, and the calculation amount is large.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for rapidly extracting electrical performance parameters of a metal truss type antenna housing.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a method for rapidly extracting electrical performance parameters of a metal truss type antenna housing comprises the following steps:
step 1, setting an antenna working frequency f, establishing a geometric model of an antenna equivalent aperture surface, a metal truss and a dielectric skin, and carrying out grid division on the model;
step 2, setting medium parameters and observation angle parameters of each layer of the medium skin;
step 3, calculating the radiation power of the equivalent aperture surface of the antenna;
step 4, calculating the magnetic field of the antenna on the surface of the metal truss, and calculating the induced current on the surface of the metal truss according to a physical optical method;
step 5, calculating an electric field and a magnetic field of the antenna on the inner surface of the dielectric skin, calculating a transmission coefficient of the point, then calculating the electric field and the magnetic field on the outer surface of the dielectric skin, and then calculating induction current and magnetic current according to the electric field and the magnetic field on the outer surface;
step 6, calculating a radiation far field of the induced current on the surface of the metal truss in the observation direction; calculating the induced current and the magnetic current on the outer surface of the dielectric skin in the radiation far field in the observation direction, and accumulating the two parts of fields to obtain the total radiation field of the antenna equivalent aperture surface, the metal truss and the dielectric skin;
and 7, calculating the total gain of the equivalent aperture surface of the antenna, the metal truss and the dielectric skin, and extracting performance parameters.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages: (1) the influence of the metal truss connection on the antenna performance is considered. (2) The metal truss model is more accurate and is convenient to compare with an accurate numerical method. (3) The calculation of the induced current rate is omitted regardless of the shape of the metal truss.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for rapidly extracting electrical performance parameters of a metal truss type radome according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows an antenna equivalent aperture model and meshing.
Fig. 3 is a metal truss model and its meshing.
FIG. 4 is a media skin model and meshing thereof.
Fig. 5 shows a shadow area and an illumination area formed by irradiating the surface of the object with electromagnetic waves.
Fig. 6 is an equivalent transmission line model of a multilayer medium.
FIG. 7 is a gain curve of the front E face and the rear E face of a metal truss added under a certain antenna housing at 2 GHz.
FIG. 8 is a gain curve of the front and rear H faces of a metal truss under a certain antenna housing at 2 GHz.
FIG. 9 shows the gain curves of the front and rear E-planes of a metal truss under 2GHz of a certain radome, (a) shows the gain curve in the range of-180 DEG to 180 DEG, and (b) shows the gain curve in the range of-1.5 DEG to 1.5 deg.
FIG. 10 shows the gain curves of the front and rear H-planes of a metal truss under 2GHz for a radome, (a) shows the gain curve in the range of-180 DEG to 180 DEG, and (b) shows the gain curve in the range of-1.5 DEG to 1.5 deg.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for rapidly extracting electrical performance parameters of a metal truss type radome.
Step 1, setting an antenna working frequency f, establishing a geometric model of an antenna equivalent aperture surface, a metal truss and a dielectric skin, and carrying out grid division on the model. Because the radar antenna has a complex structure, the radar antenna can be replaced by an equivalent caliber surface. The metal truss and the dielectric skin are components of the metal truss type antenna housing, the metal truss mainly plays a role in supporting the dielectric skin, and the dielectric skin is mainly used for protecting the radar antenna.
The wavelength corresponding to the working frequency f of the antenna is c/f, c is the speed of light, a circle with the origin of coordinates as the center and the radius of R is established in commercial software Ansys and used as an equivalent caliber surface model of the antenna, triangular mesh subdivision is carried out on the model, the average side length is 0.1 lambda, and a mesh subdivision file is derived as shown in figure 2.
A metal truss model is established in commercial software Ansys, a triangular mesh is used for subdivision, the average side length of the triangular mesh is 0.1 lambda, and a mesh subdivision file is exported as shown in figure 3.
A medium skin model is established in commercial software Ansys, a triangular mesh is used for subdivision, the average side length of the triangular mesh is 0.1 lambda, and a mesh subdivision file is exported as shown in figure 4.
And 2, setting parameters of media of each layer of the dielectric skin and parameters of an observation angle. Setting the number of dielectric skin layers as N and the relative dielectric constant of each layer asThickness of each layer is di,i＝1,...,N。
And 3, calculating the radiation power of the equivalent aperture surface of the antenna:
wherein,andthe electric field and the magnetic field on the equivalent aperture surface of the antenna are expressed by taking the conjugate, Re is expressed by taking the real part,represents the normal vector of the equivalent aperture plane,representing the integration of the equivalent aperture plane;
step 4, calculating the magnetic field of the antenna on the surface of the metal truss, and calculating the induced current on the surface of the metal truss according to a physical optical method;
calculating any point on the surface of the metal truss by using a Stratton-Chu formulaThe magnetic field of (a):
where ω 2 π f is the angular frequency, the dielectric constant in free space,is composed ofThe unit normal vector of (a) is,for the green function, +' is the gradient operator,
calculating metal truss surface by physical optical methodInduced current at (c):
wherein, is the occlusion factor, ifIn the shadow region, ═ 0, otherwise ifLocated in the illumination area, 1, fig. 5 is a schematic view of the illumination area and the shadow area formed when the electromagnetic wave irradiates the object.
Step 5, calculating an electric field and a magnetic field of the antenna on the inner surface of the dielectric skin, calculating a transmission coefficient of the point, then calculating the electric field and the magnetic field on the outer surface of the dielectric skin, and then calculating induction current and magnetic current according to the electric field and the magnetic field on the outer surface;
calculating any point of the inner surface of the medium skin by using the Stratton-Chu formulaElectric and magnetic fields:
where μ denotes permeability.
Calculation using equivalent transmission line modelThe horizontal and vertical transmission coefficients, as shown in fig. 6, are equivalent transmission line models of the multilayer medium, and the vertical polarization layer transfer matrix can be expressed as:
whereinRepresenting the vertical component, Z, of the wave impedance of the layers of the dielectric skinnIs the wave impedance of an electromagnetic wave in an n-layer medium, thetanThe included angle between the propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave in the N layers of media and the surface normal direction of the N layers of media is shown as follows:
the vertical polarization transmission coefficient is expressed as:
wherein,andrespectively representing the perpendicular components of the external and internal surface wave impedances of the dielectric skin, ZN+1Is the wave impedance, theta, of the electromagnetic wave in the outer surface of the dielectric skinN+1Is an included angle, Z, between the propagation direction of electromagnetic waves in the outer surface of the dielectric skin and the normal direction of the outer surface of the dielectric skin0Is the wave impedance, theta, of the electromagnetic wave in the inner surface of the dielectric skin0The included angle between the propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave in the inner surface of the dielectric skin and the normal direction of the inner surface of the dielectric skin is formed.
According to the dual principle, the transmission coefficient of the horizontal polarization is:
(10)
wherein,andrepresenting the horizontal components of the external and internal surface wave impedances of the dielectric skin, respectively.
The transmission electric field and the magnetic field of the outer surface of the dielectric skin are as follows:
whereinRepresents a horizontally polarized unit vector, whereinRepresents a vertical polarization unit vector;
the induced current and the magnetic current on the outer surface of the dielectric skin are as follows:
step 6, calculating a radiation far field of the induced current on the surface of the metal truss in the observation direction; and calculating the induced current and the magnetic current on the outer surface of the dielectric skin in the radiation far field in the observation direction, and accumulating the two parts of fields to obtain the total radiation field of the antenna equivalent aperture surface, the metal truss and the dielectric skin.
The radiation far field of the induced current on the surface of the metal truss in the observation direction is as follows:
wherein,which represents the integration of the truss surface,unit vector representing the viewing direction, theta andrespectively representing a pitch angle and an azimuth angle;
the farfield of the induced electromagnetic current on the outer surface of the dielectric skin in the observation direction is as follows:
wherein,representing the integration of the dielectric skin;
will be provided withAndand accumulating to obtain the total radiation field of the equivalent aperture surface of the antenna, the metal truss and the dielectric skin:
7, calculating the total gain of the equivalent aperture surface of the antenna, the metal truss and the dielectric skin, and extracting performance parameters;
where Z is the wave impedance in free space, the secondary gainAnd extracting the total performance indexes of the equivalent aperture surface of the antenna, the metal truss and the dielectric skin.
In order to verify the correctness of the method, the influence of the metal truss on the antenna gain is considered, the radius of the metal truss antenna housing is 1.5 m, the cross section of the truss is 0.03 m multiplied by 0.03 m, the working frequency of the antenna is 2GHz, the radius of the equivalent caliber surface is 0.5 m, the equivalent caliber surface is a uniform caliber field, and the field distribution is as follows:by adopting the method and the accurate rapid multipole method for calculation respectively, the calculation results are shown as 7 and 8, and it can be seen that the metal truss has a larger influence on the antenna gain; the present method fits well with the accurate fast multipole sub-method, but computation time can be saved significantly.
And secondly, considering an antenna-radome structure with an antenna equivalent aperture surface diameter of 13 meters, a radome diameter of 20 meters and a working frequency of 2GHz, wherein the cross section of the truss is a rectangle of 0.03 m multiplied by 0.03 m, and the average length of the truss is 2 m. The dielectric skin has 3 layers, and the relative dielectric constant and the thickness of each layer are shown in table 1. Fig. 9 and 10 show the gain variation with and without the radome, respectively, and it can be seen that the gain in the 0 ° direction decreases by 1.1dB with the metal truss and the dielectric skin.
TABLE 1 skin layers relative nodal constants and thicknesses
Claims (8)
1. A method for rapidly extracting electrical performance parameters of a metal truss type antenna housing comprises the following steps:
step 1, setting an antenna working frequency f, establishing a geometric model of an antenna equivalent aperture surface, a metal truss and a dielectric skin, and carrying out grid division on the model;
step 2, setting medium parameters and observation angle parameters of each layer of the medium skin;
step 3, calculating the radiation power of the equivalent aperture surface of the antenna;
step 4, calculating the magnetic field of the antenna on the surface of the metal truss, and calculating the induced current on the surface of the metal truss according to a physical optical method;
step 5, calculating an electric field and a magnetic field of the antenna on the inner surface of the dielectric skin, calculating a transmission coefficient of the point, then calculating the electric field and the magnetic field on the outer surface of the dielectric skin, and then calculating induction current and magnetic current according to the electric field and the magnetic field on the outer surface;
step 6, calculating a radiation far field of the induced current on the surface of the metal truss in the observation direction; calculating the induced current and the magnetic current on the outer surface of the dielectric skin in the radiation far field in the observation direction, and accumulating the two parts of fields to obtain the total radiation field of the antenna equivalent aperture surface, the metal truss and the dielectric skin;
and 7, calculating the total gain of the equivalent aperture surface of the antenna, the metal truss and the dielectric skin, and extracting performance parameters.
2. The method for rapidly extracting electrical performance parameters of a metal truss radome of claim 1,
characterized in that in the step 1:
the wavelength corresponding to the working frequency f of the antenna is c/f, c is the speed of light, a circle which takes the origin of coordinates as the center and has the radius of R is established and is used as an equivalent caliber surface model of the antenna, the model is subjected to triangular mesh subdivision, and the average side length of the triangular mesh is 0.1 lambda;
establishing a metal truss model, and subdividing by using a triangular mesh, wherein the average side length of the triangular mesh is 0.1 lambda;
and establishing a medium skin model, and subdividing by using a triangular mesh, wherein the average side length of the triangular mesh is 0.1 lambda.
3. The method for rapidly extracting electrical performance parameters of a metal truss radome of claim 1, wherein: setting the number N of the dielectric skin layers and the relative dielectric constant of each layer in the step 2And the thickness d of each layeri,i＝1,...,N。
4. The method for rapidly extracting the electrical property parameters of the metal truss type antenna cover according to claim 1, wherein the step 3 is to calculate the radiation power P of the equivalent aperture surface of the antennar：
Wherein,andthe electric field and the magnetic field on the equivalent aperture surface of the antenna are expressed by taking the conjugate, Re is expressed by taking the real part,represents the normal vector of the equivalent aperture plane,indicating the integration of the equivalent aperture plane.
5. The method for rapidly extracting the electrical property parameters of the metal truss type radome according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of the step 4 is as follows:
4.1 calculating any point on the surface of the metal truss by using the Stratton-Chu formulaThe magnetic field of (a):
where ω 2 π f is the angular frequency and is the dielectric constant in free space，Is composed ofThe unit normal vector of (a) is,for the green function, +' is the gradient operator,
4.2 calculating the surface of the Metal truss by means of a physical-optical methodInduced current at (c):
wherein, is the occlusion factor, ifIn the shadow region, ═ 0, otherwise ifLocated in the illumination zone, 1.
6. The method for rapidly extracting the electrical property parameters of the metal truss type radome according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of the step 5 is as follows:
5.1 calculating any point of the inner surface of the medium skin by using the Stratton-Chu formulaElectric and magnetic fields:
where μ is the permeability in free space;
5.2 calculation Using equivalent Transmission line modelHorizontal and vertical transmission coefficients:
wherein, T||Representing the horizontal transmission coefficient, T⊥Representing vertical transmission coefficient, A, B, C, D is a dielectric skin transfer matrixThe elements of (a) and (b),andrespectively representing the horizontal components of the external and internal surface wave impedances of the dielectric skin,andrespectively representing the outer surface of the dielectric skinAnd the perpendicular component of the internal surface wave impedance;
5.3 calculating the transmission electric field and the magnetic field of the outer surface of the dielectric skin:
whereinRepresents a horizontally polarized unit vector, whereinRepresents a vertical polarization unit vector;
5.4, calculating induced current and magnetic current of the outer surface of the dielectric skin:
7. the method for rapidly extracting the electrical property parameters of the metal truss type radome of claim 1, wherein the specific process of the step 6 is as follows:
6.1 calculating the radiation far field of the induced current on the surface of the metal truss in the observation direction:
wherein,which represents the integration of the metal truss surface,unit vector representing the viewing direction, theta andrespectively representing the pitch angle and the azimuth angle,is the wave number in free space;
6.2 calculating the radiation far field of the induced electromagnetic flow on the outer surface of the dielectric skin in the observation direction:
wherein,representing integration of the outer surface of the dielectric skin;
6.3 willAnd accumulating to obtain the total radiation field of the equivalent aperture surface of the antenna, the metal truss and the dielectric skin:
8. the method for rapidly extracting the electrical property parameters of the metal truss type radome according to claim 1, wherein the step 7 of calculating the total gain of the equivalent aperture surface of the antenna, the metal truss and the dielectric skin is as follows:
where Z is the wave impedance in free space, the secondary gainAnd extracting the total performance indexes of the equivalent aperture surface of the antenna, the metal truss and the dielectric skin.
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| WO2018121395A1 (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2018-07-05 | 深圳光启高等理工研究院 | Method and device for evaluating electrical performance of antenna cover |
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| CN107391880A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2017-11-24 | 上海无线电设备研究所 | A kind of accurate efficient radome electrical property energy analysis method |
| CN107391880B (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2020-07-31 | 上海无线电设备研究所 | Accurate and efficient antenna housing electrical property analysis method |
| CN112464459A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-03-09 | 中国舰船研究设计中心 | Equivalent method for calculating radiation near field of circular-caliber antenna |
| CN116106637A (en) * | 2023-01-13 | 2023-05-12 | 东莘电磁科技(成都)有限公司 | Finite impulse even sequence characterization method for time domain electromagnetic scattering analysis |
| CN116106637B (en) * | 2023-01-13 | 2023-09-26 | 东莘电磁科技(成都)有限公司 | Finite impulse even sequence characterization method for time domain electromagnetic scattering analysis |
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