Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to take full advantage of solar energy, no matter be fine day or overcast and rainy, no matter daytime or evening can use the machine heat production water.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of energy mix water heater, the solar energy heat-storage case that comprise the heat exchange type solar thermal collector, with solar thermal collector, is connected, the heat pump that can be heated the heat-storage medium in the solar energy heat-storage case; The evaporimeter of described heat pump and described solar thermal collector carry out heat exchange.
Further, in above-mentioned solar heat-pump water heater: described solar thermal collector is one group of vacuum heat collection pipe connected by company's case, and the evaporimeter of described heat pump is to be arranged on the described coiled pipe connected in case.
Further, in above-mentioned solar heat-pump water heater: described solar thermal collector is vacuum heat collection pipe, be full of thermal storage medium in described vacuum heat collection pipe, be provided with coiled pipe or the helix tube evaporimeter as described heat pump in described thermal storage medium.
Further, in above-mentioned solar heat-pump water heater: described coiled pipe or helix tube also are communicated with described evaporimeter by pipeline, are provided with on connecting pipe and drive the wherein pump of Working fluid flow.
Further, in above-mentioned solar heat-pump water heater: described full thermal storage medium is phase-change material.
Further, in above-mentioned solar heat-pump water heater: described solar thermal collector comprises the solar heat-collection plate core, and the evaporimeter of described heat pump fully contacts with described heat-collecting plate core.
Further, in above-mentioned solar heat-pump water heater: described solar thermal collector also comprises the antifreeze heat accumulation liquid be arranged under described solar heat-collection plate core, and the evaporimeter of described heat pump is arranged in described antifreeze heat accumulation liquid.Described heat-collecting plate core is for being pushed the rubber slab formed or had heat exchange function header vacuum tube collector by waste tire of automobile.
Of the present inventionly disclose a kind of heat pump that utilizes solar thermal collector directly to drive, made the source heat pump heat temperature higher, utilized fully solar energy, improved efficiency.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in more detail.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1, the present embodiment is a kind of directly solar water heater of the solar heat pump of driving of solar energy that has, as shown in Figure 1, only draw relevant heat pump in this figure and contacted and carried out the frame segment of heat exchange with solar thermal collector with solar water container, to solar water heater itself, do not had picture complete.
Solar heat-pump water heater in the present embodiment, the solar energy heat-storage case that mainly comprise solar thermal collector, with solar thermal collector, is connected, the heat-storage medium stored in the solar energy heat-storage case in the present embodiment is exactly water, and after the solar heat absorbed through solar thermal collector, temperature raises.In the present embodiment, solar thermal collector comprises that one group by the vacuum heat collection pipe that connects the case connection, when fine day or sunray are stronger, solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe is converted into heat energy by the radiant energy of the sun and is used for heating water, by the hot water cold water that floats, sink, thermal-collecting tube circulation thermal-arrest, hot water storage is in solar water container, Here it is uses many solar water heaters at present, this solar water heater can bring hot water to family etc. when normal the use, but not enough or when overcast and rainy at sunlight, solar energy can't be heated to design temperature by water, therefore, need to these water are again warm, until can suitablely use, the general electric heater that adopts continues heating to the water in solar water container at present, until the suitable use of temperature, also have and adopt air energy heat pump, utilize air energy heat pump that airborne heat energy is pumped in solar water container, water in solar water container is continued to heating, this is a kind of assisted heating device, can not guarantee the water in solar water container is heated to can be applicable to using the time and continues heating at solar energy.Although the present embodiment is also to adopt heat pump, but what use is solar energy water source heat pump, water in connecting case is as thermal source, pump enters in solar water container, due to the effect of vacuum heat collection pipe thermal-arrest, connecting water temperature in case and be obviously will be higher than the temperature of surrounding air, simultaneously, after heat pump has absorbed heat, can also absorb continuously energy from solar energy by vacuum tube collector, namely, overcast and rainy, by vacuum tube collector and solar heat pump, also the abundant land productivity of the solar energy absorbed can be used.Therefore, the heat pump of the present embodiment air energy heat pump efficiency more of the prior art is higher.In the present embodiment, to be arranged in company's case as coiled pipe or the helix tube of evaporimeter, from expansion valve through the second valve flow through the working medium come in snake pipe with connect case the relatively water sufficient heat exchange of high-temperature, in absorbing very soon, the heat of water is vaporized into steam, enter into through compressor the condenser be arranged in solar water container by the first valve and carry out High Pressure Solidification, distribute a large amount of heats in the water in solar water container, water in solar water container is heated up, be able to the standard of using.
Embodiment 2, as shown in Figure 2, this embodiment is a kind of flat plate solar water heater, the heat-absorbing plate core 3 adopted is rubber slabs of being made by junked tire, will as the coiled pipe of evaporator with heat pump 5 fully with heat-absorbing plate core 3 combinations, the solar heat that heat-absorbing plate core 3 can be collected be sent in the working medium in evaporator with heat pump fully, then in the same manner as in Example 1, heat is distributed in solar water container 1, the water in solar water container 1 is continued to heating, until meet the requirements.
When the present embodiment can normally be used at solar energy, do not need to use heat pump, solar heat-collection plate core 3 gathers solar energy, flow through the heat that the water in coiled pipe is gathered by heat-absorbing plate core 3 by absorption, make the water heating, under the effect of circulating pump 7, by water pipe 4, flow in solar water container 1, through the circulation of a day, the water in solar water container 1 progressively heated, until can use.
With embodiment 1, compare, the solar heat-pump water heater of the present embodiment is more suitable for using under special extreme weather conditions, such as in the desert of high latitude, winter temperature low especially, enter solar absorber plate core place if put into water, slightly careless will freezing and damage pipeline, used the heat pump of the present embodiment 2 can utilize in the water that solar heat that working medium absorbs heat-absorbing plate core to a certain degree used to needs, and water is heated until meet the requirements.Now, cut-out is the water pipe 4 to heat-collecting plate core 3 by solar water container 1, to guarantee can not cause damaging the possibility of solar water heater because extreme low temperature makes water freezing, now, working medium pipeline 6 in connection, the working medium of the liquid state flowed out from heat pump main frame 2, through expansion valve, from working medium pipeline 6, flow into evaporimeter 5, because solar heat-collection plate core 3 absorbs solar energy, the temperature of plate core is raise, working medium liquid in evaporimeter 5 is vaporized very soon, flow in heat pump main frame 1, at the interior compressor that utilizes of heat pump main frame 1, liquefy during then the working medium of steam state compression is flow into to the condenser be arranged in solar water container, produce a large amount of heats to the heating of the water in solar water container 1.Now, solar water container 1 can be arranged on indoor or warmer place, and water can not freeze, and working medium is originally from steam state to liquid or conversion conversely in flow process, can not freeze, guarantee can take full advantage of solar energy under the environment of extreme cold yet.
In embodiment 2, can below the solar heat-collection plate core under the vacuum seal condition, add antifreeze heat accumulation liquid, fully absorb by antifreeze heat accumulation liquid the solar heat that the solar heat-collection plate core gathers, then, by being immersed in coiled pipe in these antifreeze heat accumulation liquid or the helix tube evaporimeter as heat pump, the heat band is played in the solar energy heat-storage case, in the solar energy heat-storage case, this a kind of phase-change material of heat-storage medium that we adopt, after solar energy that heat pump is collected solar thermal collector constantly transmits in a steady stream, utilize the characteristic of phase-change material can store a large amount of heats, when needs are used these heat hot water, can be implanted to by flowing through the cold water in the coiled pipe in heat-storage medium, what flow out has been exactly operable hot water.The present embodiment is mainly in order to use in extreme environment, and water and be antifreeze by the reason of antifreeze heat accumulation liquid not under heat-collecting plate core, do not having the solar time, can be not freezing yet.
Embodiment 3, and the present embodiment is a kind of a kind of machine completely that can use under the extreme weather environment, no matter can use in which kind of rugged environment.The machine completely of the present embodiment comprises a vacuum tube collector, this pipe heat collector can collect even the energy of the solar energy of little or nothing, the solar energy that these are collected is stored in the thermal storage medium in the middle of pipe, the temperature of thermal storage medium is raise, the phase-change material that the thermal storage medium that the present embodiment adopts is a kind of solid-liquid phase change, when temperature is grown tall critical phase transformation, absorbing more energy makes medium from the solid-state liquid state that is transformed into, when all media all after liquefy, then continue to heat up.In the present embodiment, the evaporimeter of heat pump is set in thermal storage medium, the condenser of heat pump is arranged in the solar energy heat storage tank, as long as vacuum tube collector is collected the heat of solar energy, now, thermal storage medium will heat up, thermal storage medium after utilize heating up can be using the coiled pipe as evaporimeter or helix tube by tube wall and thermal storage medium heat-shift, make the working medium evaporation in coiled pipe or helix tube, then under the effect of compressor, working medium is compressed, make working medium condense into liquid state in being arranged on solar energy tank inner condenser, give out a large amount of heats, make condenser water on every side be warmed up to and can utilize.
The present embodiment also has another form, with solar energy tank inner condenser, directly adopt pipeline to be connected the coiled pipe in the thermal storage medium in vacuum tube or helix tube exactly, when solar heat is extraordinary, temperature in vacuum tube collector will raise rapidly, now, the working medium be flowing in pipeline can directly be taken the heat in vacuum tube to the solar energy heat storage tank, carries out heat exchange with cold water in the solar energy heat storage tank, by the cold water heating.
Because the solar water heater of the present embodiment is to use under extreme weather conditions, use not booster safely in order to make vacuum tube, arrange in vacuum tube and using the paraffin of high latent heat of phase change as heat storage medium, expanded graphite is as matrix, the typing phase change composite material that adopts the blend adsorption method to prepare.Like this, these typing phase change composite materials can be stored a large amount of solar energies of being collected by vacuum tube, summer or solar energy more sufficient in, after the phase change composite material of these can being finalized the design liquefaction, can also heat up, now, adopt mobile working medium just heat can be delivered in the solar energy heat storage tank, make the cold water heating in the solar energy heat storage tank.In addition, when solar energy is less sufficient, vacuum tube collector also can be collected a certain amount of solar energy, and the phase change composite material temperature that makes to finalize the design has certain rising, now, is adopting heat pump will have effect preferably.