CN103486194A - Efficient driven vibration insulation and reduction platform imitating physiological structure of head of woodpecker - Google Patents
Efficient driven vibration insulation and reduction platform imitating physiological structure of head of woodpecker Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an efficient driven vibration insulation and reduction platform imitating the physiological structure of the head of a woodpecker. The efficient driven vibration insulation and reduction platform comprises a driven vibration-reduction assembly, a variable-stiffness various-damping air spring assembly, a combination bearing platform and an outer frame, the driven vibration-reduction assembly comprises a hard rubber pad and a cutting type viscoelastic damper, the variable-stiffness various-damping air spring assembly comprises two or more than two double-air-chamber air springs which are symmetrically distributed along a machine base, the combination bearing platform comprises a top board, a bottom board and side boards, wherein the top board, the bottom board and the side boards are made of steel boards, insulation layers are arranged among the top board, the bottom board and the side boards, and the outer frame is symmetrically arranged on two sides of the machine base. The efficient driven vibration insulation and reduction platform imitating the physiological structure of the head of the woodpecker has no acting part and is low in energy consumption. Compared with a vibration-reduction platform under driving control, the efficient driven vibration insulation and reduction platform can greatly lower manufacturing cost and operation cost, save energy, and be economical and practical.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to vibration control technology and bionics techniques field, relate in particular to the efficient passive every vibration reduction platform of a kind of imitative woodpecker head physiological structure.
Background technique
In recent years, due to the continuous progress of technology and industry, high-speed rotating machine, electronic equipment, efficient high-accuracy processing and the contour exquisite system of micromechanics have reached extremely harsh degree to the requirement every vibration insulating system.Various ambient vibrations, mechanical shock become the key factor that all kinds of high-accuracy systems of restriction improve machining accuracy or operating accuracy.Be still in exquisite system at present and using pneumatic spring as the passive of main vibration isolation element or partly initiatively every vibration insulating system, what this single vibration isolation element formed can't meet the demand of high-quality precision and sophisticated technology equipment to the vibration isolation technology every vibration insulating system.In order to improve the vibration isolation efficiency every vibration insulating system, scientific research and engineers and technicians have also developed some every vibration insulating system.
The paper " micro-manufacturing platform vibrating isolation system Bionic Design " that " China Mechanical Engineering " the 17th volume the 21st periodical in 2006 carries, imitate the woodpecker head construction and designed a kind of vibration-isolating platform based on active control technology, by 1 platform, 4 pneumatic springs, 8 ultra-magnetic deformation actuators, 6 servo type sensors, 3 levelling valves, 1 cover composition of the control system.This device is usingd ultra-magnetic deformation actuator as the active vibration isolation element, and forms the closed loop Active Vibration Control System together with detection system, can effectively eliminate the vibration of the various frequencies that passed over by basis and disturb power.But the active vibration isolation system that this document provides comprises platform, pneumatic spring, ultra-magnetic deformation actuator, servo type sensor, levelling valve, control system etc., the structure relative complex, and also the operation of actuator, sensor all requires the expenditure of energy.A kind of half active damping platform based on MR damper has been described by Harbin Institute of Technology 2010 disclosed one piece of Master of engineering academic dissertation " development based on the MR damper vibration reduction platform ", AC servo motor, MR damper, electric-controlled parts, frame etc., consists of.The main purpose of this paper is the validity of the magnetic rheology effect control algorithm in order to verify exploitation and controls effect.As a kind of active or half active damping platform based on intelligent damping material, must design corresponding electric controller during practical application, complex structure, expense is high.
The described a kind of precision damping component of patent CN100573341C and the vibration reduction platform formed by it, a kind of half active damping platform by passive damping assembly formation in parallel with active damping actuator, there is vibration damping and locating function, although this structure has realized the effective inhibition to the wide frequency domain vibration, but the complex structure of active damping actuator in device, energy consumption is also larger.Patent CN102621064A discloses a kind of vibration reduction platform designed for precision optical system specially, comprise removable table top and the drive system for driving removable table top to move, there is the ACTIVE CONTROL damper unit in forming structure, make the body vibration amount less, can reach the 0.005mm order of magnitude.So this vibration reduction platform belongs to the ACTIVE CONTROL field and application is confined to precise control system, is difficult in other various application in machine equipments.
As fully visible, the high-accuracy system of having developed at present all adopts and take the active damping controls technology as main active or half active vibration control technique every vibration reduction platform, need to design actuator, controller and the control algorithm of active damping element in device, complex structure not only, and expense is high, cycle is long, the relative passive vibration control technical difficulty of Installation and Debugging.Therefore if can develop, a kind ofly based on the Passive Control technology, every vibration reduction platform, will there is wide future in engineering applications.This case designer is exactly as target, use for reference research every damping mechanism to woodpecker head physiological structure in early stage, in the practical implementation occasion, shock absorber part and vibration damping are required to carry out the integration consideration and carry out Optimized Matching, based on the Passive Control technology, utilize the relative movement between the interior cerebrospinal fluid of shearing type viscoelastic damper simulation woodpecker skull and brain, it is a kind of efficient passive every vibration reduction platform to construct on this basis, and applying vibration basic theory, nonlinear dampling theory and this platform non-linear rigidity of biomechanics designing and calculating, the excursion of damping, and to the efficient quality every vibration reduction platform, damping and rigidity are optimized coupling, realize suppressing the purpose of low-frequency vibration and the vibration of isolation medium-high frequency, meet high-precision equipment to the requirement every vibration insulating system.
Summary of the invention
The deficiency existed for solving prior art, the present invention is by using for reference early stage to the observation of woodpecker head physiological structure and the research of vibration isolation mechanism, provide a kind of utilize the members such as vulcanite pad, shearing type viscoelastic damper, cellular sandwich and two air chamber pneumatic springs to imitate woodpecker head physiological structure and form a kind of efficient passive every vibration reduction platform.This platform have the carrying and every damping effect, can effectively isolate the impact of various environment wide frequency domain stochastic vibrations on load bearing equipment (as micro mechanical system, ultra-precision processing system), improve the operating accuracy of load bearing equipment, also can effectively reduce the medium-high frequency vibration of load bearing equipment (as high-speed rotating machine, high speed or ultra high speed processing system) generation or impact the impact on environment.
For achieving the above object, concrete scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of imitative woodpecker head physiological structure efficient passive every vibration reduction platform, comprise passive damping assembly, become the stiffness and damping changing air spring assembly, combination bearing table and external frame, described passive damping assembly comprises vulcanite pad and shearing type viscoelastic damper, described change stiffness and damping changing air spring assembly comprises more than 2 or 2 the two air chamber pneumatic springs symmetrical along support, described combination bearing table comprises the top board that steel plate is made, base plate and side plate, top board, be provided with separation layer between base plate and side plate, described external frame symmetry is arranged on the support both sides.
Described shearing type viscoelastic damper is by splicing or bolt, to make external frame and combination bearing table form the shearing type viscoelastic damper of three-decker by visco-elastic damping material.
Described visco-elastic damping material is arranged between external frame and combination bearing table by splicing or bolt.
Described vulcanite pad is installed between environmental basis and support.
Described steel plate be rigidity large, be out of shape little quality steel plate.
Described external frame is fixed on support by clamping bolt, also is provided with pad between bolt and support.
Described separation layer is the separation layer that has cellular sandwich to make.
The shape of described support matches with the actual environment space, for circular or square.
The shape of described combination bearing table matches with the object that is isolated of use, for circular or square.
Described pair of air chamber pneumatic spring comprises main gas tank and auxiliary tank, main gas tank, auxiliary tank are separately installed with rubber main gasbag and rubber auxiliary balloon, the airtight formation pressure chamber of the rubber auxiliary balloon of auxiliary tank, have the flow channel of damping hole as air between main gas tank and auxiliary tank between main gas tank and auxiliary tank.
Described shearing type viscoelastic damper has the characteristic of elastic spacer and viscous fluid concurrently, has the fluid shearing effect of imitating between woodpecker head skull-cerebrospinal fluid-brain.
Support can be circular or square according to the actual environment spatial design, and the combination bearing table can be designed to according to the usage requirement that is isolated object circular or square, and the structure of vulcanite pad and external frame also will be done corresponding adjustment simultaneously.
The platform that is isolated object for carrying is a kind of combination bearing table that the high-quality structural steel large by rigidity and cellular sandwich form, and has the effect of carrying and vibration damping.The high-quality structural steel that rigidity is large is used for simulating the hard beak of woodpecker head, and cellular sandwich is for imitating the spongy cartilage of beak bottom, i.e. cancellous bone.
The present invention utilizes the fluid flow function of shearing type viscoelastic damping simulation woodpecker head cerebrospinal fluid, utilize the hard beak of high-quality structural steel simulation woodpecker that rigidity is large, utilize the spongy cartilage of cellular sandwich simulation beak bottom, and add the two air chamber pneumatic springs with change stiffness and damping changing function and simulate the soft tissues such as the muscle of woodpecker head, cartilage in forming structure.Adopt passive damping assembly on this thinking, become the stiffness and damping changing air spring assembly, the component such as combination bearing table and external frame have been optimized the coupling design forming a kind of imitative woodpecker head physiological structure efficient passive every vibration reduction platform.Should efficiently every vibration reduction platform, utilize the superior superior energy dissipation behavior of attenuation vibration performance, viscoelastic damping of pneumatic spring to be optimized coupling and realize efficient vibration shock isolation performance.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: a kind of copy woodpecker head physiological structure efficient passive provided by the invention is the physiological structure feature of using for reference the woodpecker head every vibration reduction platform, take into full account simultaneously the practical implementation occasion every vibration damping, require to have designed, concrete beneficial effect is as follows:
1. use for reference the woodpecker head construction, utilize vibrational theory and nonlinear dampling theory and in conjunction with Optimization Theory, the function module design calculation optimizations such as " shearing type " viscoelastic damping, change stiffness and damping changing air spring assembly, combination bearing table mated, form the efficient passive every vibration reduction platform of imitative woodpecker head physiological structure, it all is the Passive Control element every damping element, not only compact to design, simple in structure, reliable, and consumed energy not.Greatly overcome the passing complex structure brought due to the existence of active vibration isolation element every vibration reduction platform, needed the drawback of power consumption.
2. the efficient passive of imitative woodpecker head physiological structure uses bionics and fluid dynamic theory design every vibration reduction platform, not only there are two air chamber pneumatic spring structures, but also there is " shearing type " Viscoelastic Damped Structures, therefore have the large carrying of pneumatic spring and the energy dissipation behavior of viscoelastic damping concurrently, the Optimized Matching of " shearing type " viscoelastic damper and pneumatic spring structure can make in the existing vibration reduction platform be comprised of single vibration isolation element, to increase substantially every the damping efficiency of vibration reduction platform.
3. being used in combination of shearing type viscoelastic damper and two air chamber pneumatic springs makes of the present inventionly every vibration reduction platform, have two large clear superiorities: the one, and low resistance when high damping and high frequency during the system low frequency, can effectively suppress low-frequency resonant and can isolate again the medium-high frequency vibration simultaneously, therefore applicable frequency range is more extensive; The 2nd, high rigidity during the low large carrying of rigidity during little carrying, " meets strong by force, meet gentle soften ", so applicable magnitude of load is more extensive.
4. the combination bearing table of the cellular composite material that imitates woodpecker head spongy cancellous bone structure and form, can effectively reduce the rigidity of combination bearing table, and greatly improve damping value, can the vibration of effective attenuation medium-high frequency.
Imitative woodpecker head physiological structure efficient passive every vibration reduction platform the type and size for different external loads, use bionics and fluid dynamic theory to be designed, the material, thickness and the width that comprise " shearing type " damping, pneumatic spring is main and auxiliary helps the parameter such as air pressure, flow, flow velocity of air chamber, when each parameter designing proper, when meeting the demands, the structural member Intensity Design can make its body vibration amount less, can reach micron order, can provide preferably every the vibration damping environment for electronic equipment, high-accuracy processing, high-speed rotating machine, MEMS system etc.
6. imitative woodpecker head physiological structure of the present invention efficient passive, consumes energy low without activation part every vibration reduction platform, and with respect to the vibration reduction platform that ACTIVE CONTROL is arranged, but decrease manufacture cost and operating cost are energy-conservation, economical and practical.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 woodpecker head physiological structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Combination bearing table structural representation in Fig. 3 the present invention;
In Fig. 4 (a) the present invention, two air chamber pneumatic spring (take and install 4 as example) rectangulars that distribute are symmetrically arranged schematic diagram;
In Fig. 4 (b) the present invention, two air chamber pneumatic springs (take and install 4 as example) rhombus that distributes is symmetrically arranged schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 specific embodiment of the invention structural representation;
In figure, 1 environmental basis, 2 vulcanite pads, 3 supports, 4 clamping bolts, 5 pads, 6 external frames, 7 visco-elastic damping materials, 8 side plates, 9 top boards, 10 cellular composite materials, 11 base plates, 12 main gasbags, 13 main gas tank's 14 damping holes, 15 auxiliary tanks, 16 auxiliary balloon, 17 become the stiffness and damping changing air spring assembly, 18 combination bearing tables, 19MEMS system, 20 beaks, 21 cancellous bones, 22 soft tissues, 23 cerebrospinal fluid, 24 brains.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail:
As shown in Figure 1, the physiological structure that the present invention has the woodpecker head of good vibration shock isolation performance by reference is designed, the physiological structure of woodpecker head is: the beak of woodpecker 200 minutes is firm, and the position length that the bottom of beak 20 is connected with head has the spongy cartilage of one deck, be referred to as cancellous bone 21, beak 20 passed to the vibrational energy of brain 24 and done well preliminary the alleviation.The continuous shape bone of one deck is arranged around brain 24, include liquid, be referred to as cerebrospinal fluid 23, the mobile shearing action of fluid reduces greatly to be pecked 20 impact forces while hitting and is delivered to brain 24, to external force, can play and cushion and the weakening effect.In addition, also overgrow with muscle and the soft tissue 22 with damping effect around its skull, beak point and head can be remained point-blank, make woodpecker head when pecking wood strictly carry out straight line motion.
As Figure 2-3, a kind of imitative woodpecker head physiological structure efficient passive every vibration reduction platform, comprise passive damping assembly, become the stiffness and damping changing air spring assembly, combination bearing table 18 and external frame 6, described passive damping assembly comprises vulcanite pad 2 and shearing type viscoelastic damper, described change stiffness and damping changing air spring assembly 17 comprises more than 2 or 2 the two air chamber pneumatic springs symmetrical along support, described combination bearing table 18 comprises the top board 9 that steel plate is made, base plate 11 and side plate 8, top board 9, be provided with separation layer between base plate 11 and side plate 8, described external frame 6 symmetries are arranged on the support both sides.
The shearing type viscoelastic damper is for making external frame 6 and combination bearing table 18 form the shearing type viscoelastic damper of three-decker by visco-elastic damping material by splicing or bolt.Visco-elastic damping material 7 is arranged between external frame 6 and combination bearing table 18.Vulcanite pad 2 is installed between environmental basis 1 and support 3.Steel plate be rigidity large, be out of shape little quality steel plate, external frame 6 is fixed on support 3 by clamping bolt 4, between clamping bolt 4 and support 3, also is provided with pad 5.Separation layer is the separation layer that has cellular sandwich 10 to make.The shape of support 3 matches with the actual environment space, for circular or square.The shape of combination bearing table 18 matches with the object that is isolated of use, for circular or square.
Described pair of air chamber pneumatic spring comprises main gas tank 13 and auxiliary tank 15, main gas tank 13, auxiliary tank 15 are separately installed with rubber main gasbag 12 and rubber auxiliary balloon 16, the airtight formation pressure chamber of the rubber auxiliary balloon 16 of auxiliary tank 15, have the flow channel of damping hole 14 as air between main gas tank 13 and auxiliary tank 15 between main gas tank 13 and auxiliary tank 15.
Described shearing type viscoelastic damper has the characteristic of elastic spacer and viscous fluid concurrently, has the fluid shearing effect of imitating between woodpecker head skull-cerebrospinal fluid 23-brain 24.
Several pair of air chamber pneumatic spring forms symplex structure, generally adopt more than 2 or 2, and be placed between support 3 and combination bearing table 18 and symmetrical along the center of gravity of support 3, therefore can reduce when combination bearing table 18 is subject to asymmetrically distributed excitation the vibration that bends.Wherein, when being subject to External Force Acting, air can be interior mobile at main gas tank 13 and the auxiliary tank 15 of pneumatic spring by damping hole 14, and rigidity and the damping of pneumatic spring change thereupon, thereby consume vibrational energy, reach the purpose of attenuation vibration.In addition, becoming stiffness and damping changing air spring assembly 17 can have certain self adaption, self-regulating function along with size adjustment self rigidity of external load, and " meets strong by force, a little less than chance a little less than ", applicable magnitude of load is more extensive.
As Fig. 4 (a)-Fig. 4 (b) is depicted as the two kind distribution mode structural representations of 4 two air chamber pneumatic springs along the base center of gravity, be respectively as rectangular layout mode and rhombus arrangement.
Being used in combination of the shearing type viscoelastic damper of the three-decker that two air chamber pneumatic springs 17 and side plate 8 by external frame 6, visco-elastic damping material 7 and combination bearing table 18 form, can obtain larger vertical support force and lower vertical stiffness, and be arranged between support 3 and combination bearing table 18 by the change stiffness and damping changing air spring assembly 17 that more than 2 or 2, two air chamber pneumatic springs form, collaborative work mutually, the vibration in the wider frequency that can decay territory.Because therefore larger vertical support force also can resist the large impact vibration.And the damping value of shearing type viscoelastic damper reduces with the rising of energizing frequency, therefore low resistance when high damping and high frequency during the feasible system low frequency, can isolate again the medium-high frequency vibration when can effectively suppress low-frequency resonant, greatly overcome the shortcoming that the ubiquitous low-frequency resonant of common passive vibration control technology of present stage suppresses and the dither isolation can't take into account.
As shown in Figure 5, a specific embodiment for the present invention in the MEMS system, MEMS system 19 is installed on combination bearing table 18, and four two air chamber pneumatic springs adopt square arrangement mode support combinations bearing table 18.The quantity of two air chamber pneumatic springs can be designed according to actual needs.
The present invention refers in particular to a kind of efficient passive every vibration reduction platform for vibration damping, anti-impact of copying woodpecker head physiological structure and designing, be particularly useful for the exquisite system such as high-accuracy processing, high-speed rotating machine, micromechanics and electronic equipment etc. have higher in the equipment of vibration damping requirement, especially the centering dither, impact have good in effectiveness in vibration suppression.
Although above-mentioned, by reference to the accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention is described; but be not limiting the scope of the invention; one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that; on the basis of technological scheme of the present invention, those skilled in the art do not need to pay various modifications that creative work can make or distortion still in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. an imitative woodpecker head physiological structure is efficient passive every vibration reduction platform, it is characterized in that, comprise passive damping assembly, become the stiffness and damping changing air spring assembly, combination bearing table and external frame, described passive damping assembly comprises vulcanite pad and shearing type viscoelastic damper, described change stiffness and damping changing air spring assembly comprises more than 2 or 2 the two air chamber pneumatic springs symmetrical along support, described combination bearing table comprises the top board that steel plate is made, base plate and side plate, top board, be provided with separation layer between base plate and side plate, described external frame symmetry is arranged on the support both sides.
2. a kind of imitative woodpecker head physiological structure as claimed in claim 1 is efficient passive every vibration reduction platform, it is characterized in that, described shearing type viscoelastic damper is by splicing or bolt, to make external frame and combination bearing table form the shearing type viscoelastic damper of three-decker by visco-elastic damping material.
3. a kind of imitative woodpecker head physiological structure as claimed in claim 2 is efficient passive every vibration reduction platform, it is characterized in that, described visco-elastic damping material is arranged between external frame and combination bearing table.
4. a kind of imitative woodpecker head physiological structure as claimed in claim 1 is efficient passive every vibration reduction platform, it is characterized in that, described vulcanite pad is installed between environmental basis and support.
5. a kind of imitative woodpecker head physiological structure as claimed in claim 1 is efficient passive every vibration reduction platform, it is characterized in that, described external frame is fixed on support by clamping bolt, also is provided with pad between bolt and support.
6. a kind of imitative woodpecker head physiological structure as claimed in claim 1 is efficient passive every vibration reduction platform, it is characterized in that, described separation layer is the separation layer that has cellular sandwich to make.
7. a kind of imitative woodpecker head physiological structure as claimed in claim 1 is efficient passive every vibration reduction platform, it is characterized in that, the shape of described support matches with the actual environment space, for circular or square.
8. a kind of imitative woodpecker head physiological structure as claimed in claim 1 is efficient passive every vibration reduction platform, it is characterized in that, the shape of described combination bearing table matches with the object that is isolated of use, for circular or square.
9. a kind of imitative woodpecker head physiological structure as claimed in claim 1 is efficient passive every vibration reduction platform, it is characterized in that, described pair of air chamber pneumatic spring comprises main gas tank and auxiliary tank, main gas tank, auxiliary tank are separately installed with rubber main gasbag and rubber auxiliary balloon, the airtight formation pressure chamber of the rubber auxiliary balloon of auxiliary tank, have the flow channel of damping hole as air between main gas tank and auxiliary tank between main gas tank and auxiliary tank.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105832164A (en) * | 2016-05-29 | 2016-08-10 | 合肥华普生物科技有限公司 | Damping supporting device for water dispenser |
| CN106122333A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-11-16 | 山东大学 | Concrete drill hole damping device and using method |
| WO2019128852A1 (en) * | 2017-12-30 | 2019-07-04 | 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 | Woodpecker head-imitated impact-resistant structure and manufacturing method therefor |
| CN110375164A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-10-25 | 浙江厚达智能科技股份有限公司 | Anti-loose Chinese medicine equipment mounting base |
| CN111810581A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-10-23 | 厦门大学 | Large-scale precision vibration isolation platform based on air spring |
| CN112943843A (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2021-06-11 | 常州大学 | Bionic vibration isolation system |
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