CN103484953B - Disc-type needle-free electrostatic spinning device - Google Patents

Disc-type needle-free electrostatic spinning device Download PDF

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CN103484953B
CN103484953B CN201310414922.2A CN201310414922A CN103484953B CN 103484953 B CN103484953 B CN 103484953B CN 201310414922 A CN201310414922 A CN 201310414922A CN 103484953 B CN103484953 B CN 103484953B
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spinning
disk
spinning disk
electrostatic spinning
disc
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CN103484953A (en
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刘延波
漆东岳
李辉
陈威亚
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Tianjin Polytechnic University
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Tianjin Polytechnic University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a needle-free electrostatic spinning device capable of continuously producing nanofiber membranes in large scale, and provides an electrostatic spinning technique capable of effectively improving output and evenness of electrostatic spinning. The technical scheme includes adopting discs with special structures as spinning units, applying voltage to each spinning unit by a polytetrafluoroethylene rotating shaft with an internal wire to enable electric fields among the spinning units to be more even, and controlling liquid carrying quantity of spinning points by a height-adjustable circular-arc-shaped polytetrafluoroethylene shield to guarantee even nanofiber fineness and save electric energy. The needle-free electrostatic spinning device has the advantages that through the polytetrafluoroethylene rotating shaft with the internal wire, the special disc structures and the height-adjustable circular-arc-shaped polytetrafluoroethylene shield, electric fields among the spinning units can be distributed evenly, fiber fineness evenness and output of the nanofiber membranes can be effectively improved, and the defects of uneven electric field, proneness to blocking of needles, difficulty in cleaning and the like of conventional multi-needle equipment are overcome; the needle-free electrostatic spinning device is adopted, productivity and evenness are effectively improved, cost can be reduced, and industrialized popularization of the electrostatic spinning technique is facilitated.

Description

A kind of Disc-type needle-free electrostatic spinning apparatus
Technical field
The present invention relates to electrostatic spinning technique, specially a kind of Disc-type needle-free electrostatic spinning apparatus.
Technical background
Electrostatic spinning is that drawing-off is carried out to spinning jet using electrostatic field force, forms one kind side of nano-fiber for production of non-woven Method;The technology has obtained in recent years extensive research as a kind of the most commonly used nanofiber production method, and it has cost It is low, simple and suitable for advantages such as most of polymer.Fiber of its product fineness between nanometer and micron, and with nothing Sequence shape is deposited on the reception device, forms the micro nanometer fiber net/thin film for being similar to non-woven cloth-like, can be used for filtering material, life Thing medical material, chemical sensor, multiple high-tech areas of battery diaphragm.
Electrostatic spinning technique as the most efficient method for continuously preparing polymer nanofiber at present, with many excellent Gesture, but large-scale production relatively difficult to achieve.At present scale electrostatic spinning technique is divided into two classes, and a class is Multi needle electrostatic spinning skill Art, represent company as with Germany Freudenberg Nonwovens, the Finetex Technology Inc. in the U.S., ESpin Technologies, NanoMatrix, TOPTECH companies of Korea etc.;It is another kind of for needleless electrostatic spinning technique, The Donaldson Company for company being represented as the U.S. and the Elmarco companies (nanometer Aranea) of Czech.Existing Multi needle electrostatic Spinning equipment has that syringe needle is easily blocked up, electric jamming serious (End effect phenomenons), electrospinning film are horizontal between poorly efficient low yield, many jets The problem of gage distortion etc.;Existing needleless electrospinning device (nanometer Aranea) is although the syringe needle that there is no conventional electrostatic spinning is blocked up Plug problem, yield improves much than needle-based electrostatic spinning device, but fiber thickness obtained by existing is irregular, fiber is partially thick, consumption The problems such as energy is big, product quality is difficult to control to.
The content of the invention
For the deficiency that existing electrostatic spinning scale equipment is present, the technical scheme that the present invention intends adopting is:Design one Plant Disc-type needle-free electrostatic spinning apparatus.The device include an inner wall type solution pool, with save electric energy and prevent electric leakage Effect;Using disc type spinneret, the effect with uniform spinning mixed solution, control fibre fineness;Also include built-in leading The high performance plastics rotating shaft of line, can distinguish each spinning disk applied voltage, and saves electric energy, reduces electric jamming;The device Circular arc radome is specifically designed, the sample path length of spinning position has been can control, has made nanofiber fineness uniform, and saved electricity Energy.
The present invention solves the technical scheme of electrospinning device scale:Design a kind of Disc-type needle-free scale quiet Electrospun nano-fibers non-woven fabric production equipment, the equipment mainly includes:Solution pool 55, high performance plastics rotating shaft 85, spinning circle Disk 80, radome 75, high voltage power supply 10, defeated lace curtaining 15, target electrode plate 40, air intake device 35, actuating device 25, antiskid dress Put 50 etc..
The inner wall layer of the solution pool 55 is made up of high performance plastics, with the effect for saving electric energy with prevent from leaking electricity;Solution Pond 55 is designed using arc-shaped, and interior diameter is slightly larger than the diameter of spinning disk 80, with the effect for saving raw material and homogeneous solution; The difference between injection pump 120 and reflux pump 125 can be controlled according to the yield of equipment, can be with precise control solution pool In solution content, and make solution flow therewith, prevent polymer deposition.
The high performance plastics rotating shaft adopts politef, polyphenylene sulfide or polypropylene plastics axis 85, on axis The wire 95 for applying different voltages to each rotating disk is furnished with, wire is coated by high-performance plastic expects pipe, can play saving electric power And the effect of danger of hazardous electrical discharges is prevented, while each spinning disk spinning point can be made by wire to the different voltages of spinning disk applying Electric Field Distribution it is uniform, play a part of to reduce Coulomb repulsion, uniform fiber fineness;There is the base of interval 5mm~100mm on axis Seat 140, can fix spinning disk and be connected with institute cloth wire, can be according to needs of production for adjusting spinning disk spacing.
The spinning disk 80 adopts hollow design, and shape is variable, and form parameter includes the inclination journey of spinning disk border Degree, diameter, direction, quantity etc..Fixed (referring to attached using four symmetrical screws between spinning disk 80 and pedestal 140 Fig. 2);Between 0 °~90 °, between 0.5mm~10mm, the inclined degree itself having makes thickness the inclined degree of disk 80 Spinning disk has certain liquid storage capacity.When the slow-speed of revolution is rotated, due to the presence of the inclined plane of disk 80, continuous spinning is capable of achieving Silk;The diameter of each disk can be adjusted according to electric field distribution law between 100mm~200mm.The arrangement of spinning disk can Be single spinning disk along rotating shaft carry out unidirectional configured in parallel, uniform arrangement, or be staggeredly organized in pairs in opposite directions (referring to Accompanying drawing 3), and uniformly arrange along rotating shaft.The arrangement mode of spinning disk depends on the viscosity of spinning solution;The quantity of spinning disk Required according to product fabric width and grammes per square metre with interval and changed.
The radome 75 adopts politef inwall, using circular-arc-shaped design (referring to accompanying drawing 1), radome with it is molten The high device 70 of control is designed between liquid pool, the band liquid measure of disk can be controlled by controlling spinning disk spinning position height, made The sample path length uniformity (general control band liquid thickness is 0.1mm~0.5mm) of each spinning disk spinning position, so that institute Spinning fibre fineness is uniform, electrospinning film thickness is uniform;Radome 75 can make shape of the Electrospun core component in relative shielding simultaneously State, can so save electric energy, Uniform jet and make high voltage concentrate on the top spinning position of spinning disk.
The both positive and negative polarity of the high voltage power supply 10 respectively with high performance plastics rotating shaft on pressurization disk 130 and target electrode plate 40 It is connected, magnitude of voltage is 15kV~50kV.
The defeated lace curtaining 15 adopts more sparse and thin plastic production, minimum to electric jamming, is driven by Lora, and band Dynamic base fabric is fed forward, and speed is 1~100m/min.
The target electrode plate 40 can realize traversing by known technology, make fiber deposition more uniform;Target electrode plate 40 are connected with high voltage power supply negative pole, and can play a part of to strengthen electric field;Regulation is needed also dependent on what fiber was collected, shape can Become, can be quiet movable, in order to obtain the Electrospun nano-fibers non-woven fabrics for meeting different needs.
The air intake device 35, installed in defeated lace curtaining and the top of target electrode plate 40, using conical design, air draught is uniform, Spun fiber depositing homogeneous can be made.
The design of the antisliding apparatus 50, is to be respectively mounted two motors in defeated lace curtaining upstream end and outfan, two Motor is arranged on contrary both sides, and direction of rotation is identical so that base fabric and defeated lace curtaining will not occur sliding with the rotation of Lora.
The fabric width of the disc type electrostatic spinning apparatus is adjustable, typically between 300mm~2000mm.In order to realize scale Change, industrialized nano fiber is produced, and especially mixes Static Spinning, can be staggered (referring to accompanying drawing 4) between each electrospinning unit, make Collected fiber distribution is more uniform on base fabric/receptor, while making the overall fabric width of equipment, grammes per square metre further increase.
Figure of description
Fig. 1 is a kind of overall structure diagram of embodiment of the Disc-type needle-free electrostatic spinning apparatus.
Fig. 2 is a kind of profile of spinning core component of the Disc-type needle-free electrostatic spinning apparatus.
Fig. 3 is the section that a kind of employing dual floppy disk of the Disc-type needle-free electrostatic spinning apparatus makees spinning core component Figure.
Fig. 4 is a kind of staggered schematic diagram of the Disc-type needle-free electrostatic spinning apparatus.
Fig. 5 is a kind of nanofiber product SEM picture figures of embodiment of centrifugal needle-free electrostatic spinning apparatus of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further discussed below with reference to embodiment and its accompanying drawing:
(abbreviation device, referring to Fig. 1~4), the device is main for the Disc-type needle-free electrostatic spinning apparatus of present invention design Including liquid-supplying system, spinning system, electric power system, reception system, drive system and control system.
Described electric power system, reception system, drive system and control system adopt known technology, repeat no more here.
Described spinning system (referring to attached Fig. 1 and 2):Including solution pool 55, solution pool is double-decker, its high-performance plastic Material inwall 110 has to be prevented from leaking electricity and saving the effect of electric energy, and using semicircle arcuation kerve, kerve and the spacing of spinning disk 80 For 10mm~30mm, can play a part of to save and homogeneous solution;Solution pool 55 is connected with high performance plastics rotating shaft 85 using bearing Connect, rotating shaft 85 is made using high performance plastics, and laid inside has the wire 95 being connected with each spinning disk 80, and is provided with installation The pedestal 140 of spinning disk, the pressurization disk 130 corresponding thereto of wire 95 is connected, it is possible to achieve to each spinning disk 80 Pressurize respectively;Spinning disk 80 is arranged on pedestal 140, with the design that angle of inclination is 0 °~90 °, with certain liquid storage Ability, diameter is adjustable, can pressurize respectively, and can take different shapes according to the actual requirements;Solution pool top is equipped with by high property Radome 75 made by energy plastics, radome adopts round and smooth open design, is shaped as arc-shaped, and its diameter is than spinning disk 80 Diameter is slightly larger, height adjustable, can control the band liquid thickness of the spinning position of spinning disk 80, with saving electric energy, reduces electric field Interfere the effect with uniform fiber fineness;Spinning jet top is provided with reception device, including defeated lace curtaining 15, reciprocally horizontal Dynamic target electrode plate 40, base fabric 20;Described defeated lace curtaining 15 is made using the relatively low plastic wire of frivolous, mesh number, dry to electric field Disturb minimum;The reciprocally traversing of target electrode plate 40, is connected, it is possible to take different shapes with the negative pole of high voltage power supply 10, More uniformly spread can fiber, meet different product needs.
The solution pool 55 is double-decker, is designed using arc-shaped, and with injection pump 120 and reflux pump 125.Solution Pond inwall 110 is made using high performance plastics, and thickness is 5mm~20mm, with the effect for preventing from leaking electricity and saving electric energy;Solution Pond 55 is designed using arc-shaped, and interior diameter is slightly larger than the diameter (slightly larger 10mm~30mm) of spinning disk 80, with saving raw material With the effect of homogeneous solution;The difference between injection pump 120 and reflux pump 125 can be controlled according to the yield of equipment, its Difference is generally located between 20g/h to 2000g/h, so with the solution content in precise control solution pool, and can make solution Flow therewith, prevent deposition.
The high performance plastics rotating shaft 85 adopts high performance plastics for axis, and laid inside has wire 95, and outer layer has high property Energy plastic bushing 91 is coated, and wire is connected with pedestal 140 and pressurization disk 130.Rotating shaft 85 adopts high performance plastics as axis, With saving electric energy, prevent from leaking electricity and reducing the effect of electric jamming;It is provided with rotating shaft and is connected with wire 95, installs for spinning The pedestal 140 of silk disk 80, the distance between pedestal is 0.5cm, and spinning disk 80 can adjacent as needed or interval installation;Lead Line 95 is connected with pedestal 140 and pressurization disk 130, can respectively apply different electricity to each disk according to simulation Electric Field Distribution situation Pressure, so as to play a part of uniform electric field;Effective spun length of rotating shaft is 30cm to 80cm;The rotating speed of rotating shaft is arrived for 2r/min 20r/min。
The spinning disk 80 adopts hollow design, controlled shape to include the inclination of spinning disk with adjustable shape Degree, diameter, direction, quantity, with round and smooth domatic design.Using four symmetrical point between spinning disk 80 and pedestal 140 The screw of cloth is fixed (referring to Fig. 2);Spinning disk inclined degree between 0 °~90 °, the inclined plane that spinning disk has in itself Make spinning disk that there is certain liquid storage capacity, when the slow-speed of revolution of spinning disk is rotated, due to the presence of spinning disk inclined plane, Achievable continuous spinning;Spinning disk diameter between 100mm~200mm, the direction of disk can be it is unidirectional, or Two-way cross (such as accompanying drawing 3), can need to adjust according to solution;The quantity of spinning disk is according to product fabric width and the needs of grammes per square metre Can be changed.
The radome 75 is made using high performance plastics, is designed using arc-shaped, is set with round and smooth spinning point opening Meter, such as height adjustable, accompanying drawing 1.The radome made by high performance plastics can play electric jamming between shielding device, stably penetrate The effect of stream, thickness is 10mm~15mm;The diameter of radome 75 is slightly larger compared with spinning disk, A/F 30mm~50mm it Between;And the height controller 70 between radome and solution pool, height adjustable, can control the band liquid of spinning disk spinning point Amount, the sample path length of uniform each spinning disk spinning point, general control band liquid thickness is 0.1mm~0.5mm, so that spinning fibre Dimension fineness is uniform;Radome can make state of the Electrospun core component in relative shielding simultaneously, can so save electric power, steady Determine jet and make high pressure spot concentrate on the top spinning point of disk.
Reception device is located at the top of spinning disk 80, by base fabric 20, defeated lace curtaining 15, target electrode plate 40, air intake device 35 Constitute.Base fabric 20 is driven by defeated lace curtaining 15, and speed is 1m/min to 100m/min;Defeated lace curtaining 15 is by the relatively low modeling of frivolous, mesh number Material net is made, minimum to electric jamming, and with antisliding apparatus 50, speed is 1m/min to 100m/min;Target electrode plate 40 are connected with high voltage power supply negative pole, and with traverse device, can adopt various shapes, have enhancing electric field, be distributed fiber Effect that is more uniform, obtaining the fleece with certain orientation;Air intake device 35 is arranged on defeated lace curtaining and target electrode plate 40 Top, using conical design, air draught is uniform, and spun fiber can be made uniformly to be deposited.
Embodiment 1
A kind of Disc-type needle-free scale Electrospun nano-fibers non-woven fabric production equipment as shown in Figure 1, should Equipment mainly includes:Solution pool 55, politef rotating shaft 85, spinning disk 80, radome 75, high voltage power supply 10, defeated lace curtaining 15th, target electrode plate 40, air intake device 35, actuating device 25, antisliding apparatus 50 etc..During work, the depth of solution pool 55 is 130mm, solution deep is set to 100mm, and the difference between injection pump 120 and reflux pump 125 is set to 172g/h;Spinning disk 80 a diameter of 200mm, effective work number is 20, is often separated by a pedestal and installs a spinning disk, and its spacing is 10mm, Each spinning disk institute making alive is consistent, is+25kV;It is 0.2mm that the height of radome 75 is controlled to spinning disk band liquid measure thickness; The velocity of rotation of politef rotating shaft 85 is 15r/min, and effective work width is 200mm;Target electrode plate 40 is pressurised into- 25kV, 30 times/min of shuttle speed;The transmission speed of defeated lace curtaining 15 and base fabric 20 is 2m/min, and the negative pressure of air intake device is arranged For -10MPa;The distance between the spinning point of spinning disk 80 and base fabric 20 are set to 150mm.
The PBS high polymer granules of certain mass are first weighed, the solution of mass fraction 14% is prepared, the chloromethane of solvent three is weighed The quality of alkane/isopropanol (8: 2), then successively pours solute, solvent in the frosted wide mouthed bottle with magnetic rotor, in room temperature Under, wide mouthed bottle is placed in the constant temperature blender with magnetic force that magnetic rotor rotating speed is 1000r/h and stirs about 2 hours, make PBS Grain is completely dissolved, until solution uniformly transparence.
The height of radome 75 is first set before spinning, the discrepancy in elevation between its opening and spinning disk is 0.2mm, then will be spun The distance between the silk spinning point of disk 80 and base fabric are adjusted to 150mm;Then PBS is injected to solution pool 55 by injection pump 120 Solution, after liquid level reaches 100mm, opens reflux pump 125, and its difference is set to into 172g/h;Treat solution mix homogeneously Afterwards, opening of rotary shaft actuating device, sets the rotating speed of politef rotating shaft 85 as 15r/min, sets base fabric transmission speed as 2m/ Min, target electrode plate 40 comes and goes speed for 30 times/min;After the sloping portion of spinning disk 80 is covered completely by solution, open High voltage power supply 10 is opened, setting voltage is 25kV, start spinning.
After 10min, high voltage power supply 10, injection pump 120, reflux pump 125, defeated lace curtaining actuating device 25, air draught are closed successively Device 35, the reciprocating transmission device of target electrode plate 40, shaft gearing device.Obtain electrostatic spinning nano fiber be evenly distributed PBS/ melt Blowing nonwoven Compound Fabric, effective fabric width is 200mm, and nanofiber electrospinning film grammes per square metre is 1g/m2, length is 20m.
Embodiment 2
A kind of Disc-type needle-free scale Electrospun nano-fibers non-woven fabric production equipment as shown in Figure 1, should Equipment mainly includes:Solution pool 55, politef rotating shaft 85, spinning disk 80, radome 75, high voltage power supply 10, defeated lace curtaining 15th, target electrode plate 40, air intake device 35, actuating device 25, antisliding apparatus 50 etc..During work, the depth of solution pool 55 is 13cm, solution deep is set to 10cm, and the difference between injection pump 120 and reflux pump 125 is set to 750g/h;Spinning disk 80 A diameter of 200mm, using bi-directional design spinning disk (referring to accompanying drawing 3), effective work number is 25, is often separated by 3 pedestals One spinning disk is installed, its spacing is 20mm, each spinning disk institute making alive is consistent, is+30kV;The height of radome 75 is controlled It is 0.15mm to be made as disk band liquid measure thickness;The velocity of rotation of politef rotating shaft 85 is 20r/min, and effective work width is 500mm;Target electrode plate 40 is pressurised into -30kV, 30 times/min of shuttle speed;The transmission speed of defeated lace curtaining 15 and base fabric 20 is 2m/min, the negative pressure of air intake device is set to -10MPa;The distance between the spinning point of spinning disk 80 and base fabric 20 are set to 200mm。
The PVA high polymer granules of certain mass are first weighed, the solution of mass fraction 16% is prepared, precentagewise weighs PVA High polymer granule and deionized water, then successively pour solute, solvent in the frosted wide mouthed bottle with magnetic rotor, in room temperature Under, wide mouthed bottle is placed in the constant temperature blender with magnetic force that magnetic rotor rotating speed is 1000r/h and stirs about 2 hours, make PVA Grain is completely dissolved, until solution uniformly transparence.
The height of radome 75 is first set before spinning, the discrepancy in elevation between its opening and spinning disk is 0.15mm, then will The distance between the spinning point of spinning disk 80 and base fabric are adjusted to 200mm, then inject molten to solution pool 55 by injection pump 120 Liquid, after liquid level reaches 100mm, opens reflux pump 125, and its difference is set to into 750g/h;After solution mix homogeneously, Opening of rotary shaft actuating device, sets the rotating speed of politef rotating shaft 85 as 20r/min, sets base fabric transmission speed as 2m/ Min, target electrode plate 40 comes and goes speed for 30 times/min;Treat that the groove part accumulation in the middle of two-way spinning disk is a certain amount of molten After liquid, high voltage power supply 10 is opened, setting voltage is 30kV, start spinning.
After 10min, high voltage power supply 10, injection pump 120, reflux pump 125, defeated lace curtaining actuating device 25, air draught are closed successively Device 35, target electrode plate reciprocating transmission device, shaft gearing device.Obtain electrostatic spinning nano fiber and be evenly distributed that PVA is non-to be knitted Cloth is made, effective fabric width is 500mm, and nanofiber electrospinning film grammes per square metre is 2g/m2, length is 20m.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of Disc-type needle-free electrostatic spinning apparatus, including solution pool, high performance plastics rotating shaft, spinning disk, radome, Target electrode plate, air intake device, antisliding apparatus, it is characterised in that:The solution pool inner wall layer is made by high performance plastics;It is molten Liquid pool is designed using arc-shaped, and interior diameter is slightly larger than the diameter of spinning disk,
Wherein, the spinning disk adopts hollow design, reconfigurable, and form parameter includes the inclined degree of spinning disk, straight Footpath, direction, quantity, spinning disk outward flange has round and smooth inclined design,
Described high performance plastics include politef, polyphenylene sulfide or polypropylene plastics, and
Spinning disk can be placed in parallel along rotating shaft is equidirectional, it is also possible to which bottom surface is relative to constitute a pair of spinning disks, then also edge Rotating shaft uniformly to place, required according to electrostatic spinning adjustable;The quantity of spinning disk requires adjustable according to product fabric width.
2. Disc-type needle-free electrostatic spinning apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The high performance plastics turn Axle laid inside has wire, and outer layer has high performance plastics sleeve pipe to coat, and wire is connected with pedestal and pressurization disk.
3. Disc-type needle-free electrostatic spinning apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:In high performance plastics rotating shaft It is provided with and is connected with wire, for installs the pedestal of spinning disk;Wire is connected with pedestal and pressurization disk, can be according to electric field point Cloth requires to apply different voltages respectively to each spinning disk, so as to play a part of uniform electric field.
4. Disc-type needle-free electrostatic spinning apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Spinning disk inclined degree Between 0 °~90 °, the inclined design that spinning disk has in itself makes spinning disk have certain liquid storage capacity, in spinning circle When the disk slow-speed of revolution is rotated, due to the presence of spinning disk inclined degree, continuous spinning is capable of achieving.
5. Disc-type needle-free electrostatic spinning apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The radome is using poly- Tetrafluoroethene makes, and is designed using arc-shaped, with round and smooth spinning position open design, height adjustable, by politef The radome of making can play a part of electric jamming between shielding device, stable jet;The diameter of radome is compared with spinning disk Slightly larger, between radome and solution pool height controller, height adjustable can control band liquid of the spinning disk in spinning position Amount, the sample path length of uniform each spinning disk spinning point, general control band liquid thickness is 0.1mm~0.5mm, so that spinning fibre Dimension fineness is uniform;Radome can make state of the Electrospun core component in relative shielding simultaneously, can so save electric energy, steady Determine jet and make high pressure spot concentrate on the top spinning position of spinning disk.
6. Disc-type needle-free electrostatic spinning apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described spinning disk is thick Spend for 0.5~10mm, diameter is between 100mm~200mm.
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