CN103484582A - Blast furnace ironmaking method - Google Patents
Blast furnace ironmaking method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103484582A CN103484582A CN201310491698.7A CN201310491698A CN103484582A CN 103484582 A CN103484582 A CN 103484582A CN 201310491698 A CN201310491698 A CN 201310491698A CN 103484582 A CN103484582 A CN 103484582A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of iron and steel manufacturing, particularly a blast furnace ironmaking method. The blast furnace ironmaking method comprises the steps of raw material preparation and blast furnace smelting, wherein the raw material preparation comprises the following steps: iron ore preparation: preparing higher-iron-content magnetite, hematite, limonite, siderite and pyrites; fuel (coke) preparation: heating soft coal to 950-1050 DEG C in the absence of air, drying, pyrolyzing, melting, binding, curing, shrinking and the like to finally prepare the coke; and solvent preparation: the solvent comprises a basic solvent, an acidic solvent and a neutral solvent. The operation steps are fewer, and thus, the method saves unnecessary links and has higher efficiency; and the reaction is sufficient, thereby maximally producing iron, saving the raw materials and lowering the energy consumption.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to iron and steel and manufacture field, relate in particular to a kind of blast furnace iron-making method.
Background technology
Iron and steel is very extensive in modern society's application, but traditional method for making steel is comparatively sent out assorted, and production efficiency is low, and energy consumption is higher, so people have higher requirement to method for making steel.Blast furnace ironmaking is the main method of modern ironmaking, the important step in Iron and Steel Production.This method is formed by shaft furnace ironmaking development in ancient times, improvement.Although the countries in the world researchdevelopment a lot of new iron smelting methods, because the blast furnace technology economic target is good, technique is simple, turnout is large, labour productivity is high, energy consumption is low, the iron that this method is produced still accounts for more than 95% of World Iron ultimate production.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to propose a kind of blast furnace iron-making method, solve traditional method for making steel production efficiency low, the problem that energy consumption is high.
For reaching this purpose, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A kind of blast furnace iron-making method, comprise raw material preparation, blast-furnace smelting and three steps of product treatment, is specially:
Prepare iron ore, fuel and solvent;
In blast furnace, the mixture of iron ore, fuel and solvent is smelted;
To smelting the molten iron, slag and the coal gas that produce, processed.
Wherein, described raw material is prepared to comprise:
The preparation of iron ore, specifically comprise and prepare higher magnetite, rhombohedral iron ore, limonite, spathic iron ore or the pyrites of iron-holder;
The preparation of fuel, described fuel is coke; Bituminous coal is heated to 950-1050 ℃ under the condition of isolated air, through super-dry, pyrolysis, melting, bonding, solidify and the contraction phase is finally made coke;
The preparation of solvent, described solvent comprises basic solvent, acid solvent and neutral solvent.
Wherein, described blast-furnace smelting comprises:
By described iron ore, described fuel and the described solvent blast furnace of packing in proportion;
Blast the described fuel of hot wind for combustion supporting by hotblast stove in described blast furnace, described iron ore, the sedimentation along with the carrying out of fusion process in described blast furnace of described fuel;
In the process descended at described iron ore, described fuel, described iron ore deoxygenation generates molten iron, and the impurity in described iron ore is combined with described solvent and is generated slag, and described fuel combustion produces coal gas;
Described molten iron flows out from described blast furnace bottom, is loaded into iron ladle and is sent to ironworks.
Wherein, described product treatment comprises:
Described molten iron is used to steel-making or cast iron;
Described coal gas is got rid of from described Top of BF, after dedusting, acts as a fuel;
Described slag after shrend as cement producting material.
Wherein, described basic solvent is Wingdale (CaC03) and rhombspar (CaC03MgC03).
Wherein, described acidic flux is quartzite (Si02), flue cinder (main component is 2FeO, Si02) and the poor iron ore that contains acid gangue.
Wherein, described neutral flux is bauxite and clay shale.
Wherein, described ratio is to smelt 1 ton of pig iron to need described iron ore to be more than or equal to 1.5 tons, is less than or equal to 2 tons; Need described fuel to be more than or equal to 0.4 ton, be less than or equal to 0.6 ton; Need described solvent to be more than or equal to 0.2 ton, be less than or equal to 0.4 ton.
Wherein, described generation molten iron comprises:
The at high temperature carbon in described fuel and the burning of airborne oxygen generates carbon monoxide and hydrogen;
Described carbon monoxide and described hydrogen react with described iron ore the oxygen of removing described iron ore in uphill process, generate molten iron.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
Blast furnace iron-making method of the present invention, comprise raw material preparation, blast-furnace smelting and three steps of product treatment, is specially: prepare iron ore, fuel and solvent; In blast furnace, the mixture of iron ore, fuel and solvent is smelted; To smelting the molten iron, slag and the coal gas that produce, processed; Operation steps of the present invention is less, can save unnecessary link, and efficiency is higher; Sufficient reacting, maximum output iron, conservation, energy consumption is lower.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schema of blast furnace iron-making method of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail.Be understandable that, specific embodiment described herein is only for explaining the present invention, but not limitation of the invention.It also should be noted that, for convenience of description, only show part related to the present invention in accompanying drawing but not entire infrastructure.
In conjunction with Fig. 1, be elaborated.
Blast furnace iron-making method of the present invention, comprise raw material preparation, blast-furnace smelting and three steps of product treatment, is specially: prepare iron ore, fuel and solvent; In blast furnace, the mixture of iron ore, fuel and solvent is smelted; To smelting the molten iron, slag and the coal gas that produce, processed; In the present invention, the effect of solvent is to make the iron that restores and gangue and ash content realize good separation, and from cupola well, flows out smoothly, and slag iron separates.Generate the slag of some amount and certain physics, chemical property, remove detrimental impurity sulphur, guarantee iron quality.
Step S1, described raw material is prepared to comprise:
The preparation of iron ore, specifically comprise and prepare higher magnetite, rhombohedral iron ore, limonite, spathic iron ore, the pyrites of iron-holder; Described magnetite is a kind of ore of ferric oxide, and major ingredient is Fe3O4, is the mixture of Fe2O3 and FeO, is black gray expandable, about 5.15 left and right of proportion, and containing Fe72.4%, O27.6%, have magnetic.Can utilize magnetic method when ore dressing, process very convenient.Rhombohedral iron ore is also a kind of ore of ferric oxide, and major ingredient is Fe2O3, is garnet, and proportion is approximately 5.26, and containing Fe70%, O30%, be topmost iron ore.This is the ore that contains ironic hydroxide for limonite.It is the general designation of pyrrhosiderite HFeO2 and two kinds of different structure ores of squama iron ore FeO, presents the colour of loess or brown, contains Fe approximately 62%, O27%, and H2O11%, proportion is about 3.6～4.0, is among other iron ore of attached existence mostly.Spathic iron ore (Siderite) is the ore that contains iron carbonate, and major ingredient is FeCO3, presents Steel Gray, and proportion is in 3.8 left and right.This ore contains calcium salt and the magnesium salts of quite a lot of quantity mostly.Because approximately can absorbing a large amount of heat 800～900 ℃ the time at high temperature, carbonate emits carbonic acid gas, so first this class ore is in addition added to blast furnace after roasting again.
The preparation of fuel, described fuel is coke; Bituminous coal is heated to 950-1050 ℃ under the condition of isolated air, through super-dry, pyrolysis, melting, bonding, solidify and the stage such as contraction is finally made coke;
The preparation of solvent, described solvent comprises basic solvent, acid solvent and neutral solvent.
Step S2, described blast-furnace smelting comprises:
By described iron ore, described fuel and the described solvent blast furnace of packing in proportion;
Blast the described fuel of hot wind for combustion supporting by hotblast stove in described blast furnace, described iron ore, the sedimentation along with the carrying out of fusion process in described blast furnace of described fuel;
In the process descended at described iron ore, described fuel, described iron ore deoxygenation generates molten iron, and the impurity in described iron ore is combined with described solvent and is generated slag, and described fuel combustion produces coal gas;
Described molten iron flows out from described blast furnace bottom, is loaded into iron ladle and is sent to ironworks.
Step S3, described product treatment comprises:
Described molten iron is used to steel-making or cast iron;
Described coal gas is got rid of from described Top of BF, after dedusting, acts as a fuel;
Described slag after shrend as cement producting material.
When producing, blast furnace from furnace roof pack into iron ore, coke, slag making flux, from being positioned at lower furnace, along the air port in stove week, is blown into the air through preheating.At high temperature the carbon in coke, with the carbon monoxide and the hydrogen that blast airborne oxygen burning generation, remove the oxygen in iron ore in uphill process in stove, thereby reduction obtains iron.The molten iron of producing is emitted from Tie Kou.The flux such as the impurity do not reduced in iron ore and Wingdale, in conjunction with generating slag, are discharged from cinder notch.The coal gas produced is derived from furnace roof, after dedusting, as the fuel of hotblast stove, process furnace, coke oven, boiler etc.
Described basic solvent is Wingdale (CaC03) and rhombspar (CaC03MgC03).
Described acidic flux is quartzite (Si02), flue cinder (main component is 2FeO, Si02) and the poor iron ore that contains acid gangue.
Described neutral flux is bauxite and clay shale.
Described ratio is to smelt 1 ton of pig iron to need described iron ore to be more than or equal to 1.5 tons, is less than or equal to 2 tons; Need described fuel to be more than or equal to 0.4 ton, be less than or equal to 0.6 ton; Need described raw material to be more than or equal to 0.2 ton, be less than or equal to 0.4 ton.
Described generation molten iron comprises:
The at high temperature carbon in described fuel and the burning of airborne oxygen generates carbon monoxide and hydrogen;
Described carbon monoxide and described hydrogen react with described iron ore the oxygen of removing described iron ore in uphill process, generate molten iron.
Note, above are only preferred embodiment of the present invention.Skilled person in the art will appreciate that and the invention is not restricted to specific embodiment described here, can carry out for a person skilled in the art various obvious variations, readjust and substitute and can not break away from protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, although by above embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, the present invention is not limited only to above embodiment, in the situation that do not break away from the present invention's design, can also comprise more other equivalent embodiment, and scope of the present invention is determined by appended claim scope.
Claims (9)
1. a blast furnace iron-making method is characterized in that: comprise raw material preparation, blast-furnace smelting and three steps of product treatment, be specially:
Prepare iron ore, fuel and solvent;
In blast furnace, the mixture of iron ore, fuel and solvent is smelted;
To smelting the molten iron, slag and the coal gas that produce, processed.
2. blast furnace iron-making method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described raw material is prepared to comprise:
The preparation of iron ore, specifically comprise and prepare higher magnetite, rhombohedral iron ore, limonite, spathic iron ore or the pyrites of iron-holder;
The preparation of fuel, described fuel is coke; Bituminous coal is heated to 950-1050 ℃ under the condition of isolated air, through super-dry, pyrolysis, melting, bonding, solidify and the contraction phase is finally made coke;
The preparation of solvent, described solvent comprises basic solvent, acid solvent and neutral solvent.
3. blast furnace iron-making method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described blast-furnace smelting comprises:
By described iron ore, described fuel and the described solvent blast furnace of packing in proportion;
Blast the described fuel of hot wind for combustion supporting by hotblast stove in described blast furnace, described iron ore, the sedimentation along with the carrying out of fusion process in described blast furnace of described fuel;
In the process descended at described iron ore, described fuel, described iron ore deoxygenation generates molten iron, and the impurity in described iron ore is combined with described solvent and is generated slag, and described fuel combustion produces coal gas;
Described molten iron flows out from described blast furnace bottom, is loaded into iron ladle and is sent to ironworks.
4. blast furnace iron-making method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described product treatment comprises:
Described molten iron is used to steel-making or cast iron;
Described coal gas is got rid of from described Top of BF, after dedusting, acts as a fuel;
Described slag after shrend as cement producting material.
5. blast furnace iron-making method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described basic solvent is Wingdale (CaC03) and rhombspar (CaC03MgC03).
6. blast furnace iron-making method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described acidic flux is quartzite (Si02), flue cinder (main component is 2FeO, Si02) and containing the poor iron ore of acid gangue.
7. blast furnace iron-making method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described neutral flux is bauxite and clay shale.
8. blast furnace iron-making method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described ratio is to smelt 1 ton of described iron ore of pig iron needs to be more than or equal to 1.5 tons, is less than or equal to 2 tons; Need described fuel to be more than or equal to 0.4 ton, be less than or equal to 0.6 ton; Need described solvent to be more than or equal to 0.2 ton, be less than or equal to 0.4 ton.
9. blast furnace iron-making method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described generation molten iron comprises
The at high temperature carbon in described fuel and the burning of airborne oxygen generates carbon monoxide and hydrogen;
Described carbon monoxide and described hydrogen react with described iron ore the oxygen of removing described iron ore in uphill process, generate molten iron.
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| CN201310491698.7A CN103484582A (en) | 2013-10-18 | 2013-10-18 | Blast furnace ironmaking method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104119939A (en) * | 2014-08-04 | 2014-10-29 | 东北大学 | Hot briquetted iron coke for iron-making and preparation method thereof |
| CN111876536A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-11-03 | 中晟益民生态科技有限公司 | Process for producing iron-tungsten alloy primary product from refractory multi-metal iron-tungsten ore |
| CN116651202A (en) * | 2023-07-20 | 2023-08-29 | 内蒙古科技大学 | Method and device for removing dioxin in iron ore sintering by utilizing electrolytic manganese slag |
-
2013
- 2013-10-18 CN CN201310491698.7A patent/CN103484582A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104119939A (en) * | 2014-08-04 | 2014-10-29 | 东北大学 | Hot briquetted iron coke for iron-making and preparation method thereof |
| CN111876536A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-11-03 | 中晟益民生态科技有限公司 | Process for producing iron-tungsten alloy primary product from refractory multi-metal iron-tungsten ore |
| CN116651202A (en) * | 2023-07-20 | 2023-08-29 | 内蒙古科技大学 | Method and device for removing dioxin in iron ore sintering by utilizing electrolytic manganese slag |
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Application publication date: 20140101 |