CN103483844B - Method for preparing polyethylene and plant composite material - Google Patents
Method for preparing polyethylene and plant composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN103483844B CN103483844B CN201310408488.7A CN201310408488A CN103483844B CN 103483844 B CN103483844 B CN 103483844B CN 201310408488 A CN201310408488 A CN 201310408488A CN 103483844 B CN103483844 B CN 103483844B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing a polyethylene and plant composite material. The method comprises the steps of material shearing treatment, wet-process surface modification, modified plant material drying, mixing with polyethylene, die filling, drying before hot pressing, hot pressing, posttreatment and the like. Compatibility between plant straws and polyethylene is strengthened by using a macromolecule as a compatibilizer through the process, so that migration of the compatibilizer in a using process is avoided, thereby facilitating a stable compatibilization effect, and also ensuring cleanness and environmental protection of the production process as well as safety in a product using process. The compatibilizer is used for liquor or emulsion with appropriate concentration or solid content, so that not only can uniform coating be realized in a facilitated manner, but also agglomeration in a drying process can be prevented. The polyethylene and plant composite material prepared by the method can be used for replacing wood or plastics, also can be further compounded with woods, plastics, stones and the like to prepare more advanced composite materials and products for being used in fields of industry, agriculture, production, life and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method preparing polyethylene and plant composite material, belong to polyolefine and stalk compound material manufactures field.
Background technology
The macromolecular materials such as polyethylene are the maximum material types of world's volumetric production, are widely used in all respects such as industry, agricultural, production, life.The production of the mankind is given in the extensive application of macromolecular material on the one hand, life brings great convenience, serious white pollution is caused in the environment on the other hand with rear discarding, change edatope, ocean environment, grievous injury is caused to agriculture production and halobiontic existence.This is because the macromolecular materials such as polyethylene are difficult to degrade in the environment, there is storage effect in the environment.The application of the macromolecular materials such as polyethylene is not only along with white pollution, and simultaneously it derives from the non-renewable carbon resource such as oil, its extensive application objectively also boosting energy dilemma and shortage of resources.In this case, exploitation degradable plastics, recyclable materials, alternative material become the important directions that Material Field is researched and developed.
There is a large amount of plant resourceses in nature, such as wheat, barley, oat, buckwheat, cotton, paddy rice, weeds etc.The stalk of these food crop, cash crop and weeds itself have good snappiness and fabulous intensity, are a kind of renewable green materials of degradable having widespread use and be worth.Ancient Times in China manufactures the tradition of daily necessities, material of construction with regard to useful plant resource.The deep exploitation straw resource that appears as of macromolecular material opens wide space, by macromolecular material and straw compound, not only can give material with suitable decomposability, and take full advantage of reproducible plant resources, decrease the consumption of Nonrenewable resources.Manufacture in matrix material at macromolecular material and straw, straw can use as filler, also can manufacture matrix material as main component together with macromolecular material.Polyethylene is a kind of hydrophobic polymer material, have been reported in the manufacture of plant and polymer composite, but manufacture method the method for melt processing such as mainly to be extruded and is extruded the combination with other working method, complex process, energy expenditure is large, and additive is many.For these problems, this invention exploits a kind of method preparing polyethylene and plant composite material newly, the novel method production efficiency developed is high, preferably resolve plant and poly interface compatibility, manufactured material can replace timber and plastic applications in fields such as industry, agricultural, production, lives.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to develop a kind of succinct method manufacturing polyethylene and plant composite material efficiently, solve the interface compatibility problem of hydrophobic polyethylene and hydrophilic straw, guarantee the intensity of matrix material, expand the range of application of polyethylene and plant composite material, promote that polyethylene and plant composite material are replacing timber and plastics to a greater extent, the soil erosion alleviating the denudation and cause, alleviate white pollution, improve the environmental consciousness of people, promote that people ' s health level improves.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
Prepare a method for polyethylene and plant composite material, the steps include:
(1) plant material is dried the rear short section being cut to below 10cm, then in enclosed system, be cut into particle;
(2) surface modification of vegetable material: take crushed aggregate of plant and be placed in stirred pot, pour properties-correcting agent into crushed aggregate of plant, stir evenly, the ratio of the quality of crushed aggregate of plant (in gram) and the volume (in milliliter) of properties-correcting agent is for 100:40 ~ 400;
(3) drying of improved plant material: by the wet stock of step (2) under stirring, temperature are the condition of 70 DEG C, be dried to constant weight;
(4) the mixing of vegetable material of polyethylene and surface modification: take improved plant material and be placed in stirred pot, stir while to improved plant material surface sprinkling, vegetable material surface is spontaneously wet out by water, increase the adhesive capacity to polyethylene powders, increase mixed, after stirring evenly, polyethylene powders is added, then stir evenly.The ratio of the quality of improved plant material (in gram) and the volume (in milliliter) of wetting water is for 100:5 ~ 15, and improved plant material and poly mass ratio are 100:20 ~ 100;
(5) die-filling: to be releasing agent with dimethyl silicone oil, material is loaded stainless steel mould;
(6) dry before hot pressing: be put in by stainless steel mould on the pressing plate of thermocompressor, the platen temperature that mould is placed in setting is 70 DEG C ~ 100 DEG C, dry 5 minutes ~ 25 minutes;
(7) hot pressing and aftertreatment: at 170 DEG C ~ 220 DEG C, hot pressing 10 minutes ~ 20 minutes under the condition of 15MPa ~ 75 MPa; After being cooled to room temperature, the demoulding obtains the matrix material of polyethylene and plant.
Further, plant material is any one or its mixture in wheat straw, straw, weeds, beans stalk.
Further, properties-correcting agent is polyvinyl alcohol or polyvinyl acetate (PVA).
Further, the mass percent concentration of glycohol solution is 1% ~ 10%, and the solid content of aqueous polyvinyl acetate emulsion is 1% ~ 10%.
Further, the mass percent concentration of described polyvinyl alcohol solution is 5%, and the solid content of aqueous polyvinyl acetate emulsion is 5%.
Further, the ratio of quality (in gram) and the solution of crushed aggregate of plant or the volume (in milliliter) of emulsion is for 100:200.
The matrix material of polyethylene prepared by the method for the invention and plant can be used for replacing timber and plastics to manufacture daily necessities, finishing material, material of construction, toy, also can prepare more senior matrix material and product with the further compound such as timber, plastics, stone material.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the present invention uses polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl acetate (PVA) as Interfacial compatibilization agent, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl acetate (PVA) all have the side base of polarity and hydrophobic main chain, can contact with polyethylene with plant respectively, play the compatibilization reducing interfacial tension.Two kinds of expanding materials are polymer bulking agents, avoid expanding material migration in use, are conducive to having given play to stable compatibilization effect, are conducive to the stability guaranteeing matrix material simultaneously.During operation, polyvinyl alcohol wiring solution-forming uses, and polyvinyl acetate (PVA) directly uses with the emulsion after synthesis, and method is easy, not with an organic solvent, has stronger environment-friendly type.
The present invention uses polyethylene as adhesives, and polyethylene is hydrophobic material, and with it for adhesives can reduce the water-absorbent of matrix material, keep the stability of shape and performance, if carry out surface daub on a wall, water-absorbent can be reduced further.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Soybean bar is dried the rear short section being cut to 6cm, then in enclosed system, be cut into particle.Taking 1000 grams of soybean stalk particles is placed in stirred pot, under agitation, pours the polyvinyl alcohol solution 500 milliliters that mass percentage is 5% into, stir evenly to soybean stalk particle.Wet stock is dried to constant weight in 70 DEG C under agitation.Then spray 70 ml waters wherein, stir evenly, vegetable material surface is spontaneously wet out by water, increases the adhesive capacity to polyethylene powders, increase mixed.500 grams of polyethylene powders, by after uniform wet, add, stir evenly by vegetable material surface.Stainless steel mould external coating dimethyl silicone oil, then material is loaded mould, be placed on pressing plate that temperature is the thermocompressor of 80 DEG C, not high-pressure drying 10 minutes, then at 200 DEG C, hot pressing 15 minutes under the condition of 20MPa, after being cooled to room temperature, the demoulding obtains the matrix material of polyethylene and beans stalk, and the tensile strength of matrix material is 15.7MPa.
Embodiment 2
Straw is dried the rear short section being cut to 5cm, then in enclosed system, be cut into particle.Taking 1000 grams of crushed aggregates of straw is placed in stirred pot, under agitation, pours the aqueous polyvinyl acetate emulsion 400 milliliters that solid content is 5% into, stir evenly in crushed aggregates of straw.Wet stock is dried to constant weight in 70 DEG C under agitation.Then spray 100 ml waters wherein under agitation, vegetable material surface is spontaneously wet out by water, increases the adhesive capacity to polyethylene powders, increase mixed.500 grams of polyethylene powders, by after uniform wet, add, stir evenly by vegetable material surface under agitation.Stainless steel mould external coating dimethyl silicone oil, then material is loaded mould, be placed on pressing plate that temperature is the thermocompressor of 80 DEG C, not high-pressure drying 15 minutes, then at 180 DEG C, hot pressing 18 minutes under the condition of 20MPa, after being cooled to room temperature, the demoulding obtains the matrix material of polyethylene and straw, and the tensile strength of matrix material is 14.5MPa.
Embodiment 3
Jielu grass is dried the rear short section being cut to 7cm, then in enclosed system, be cut into particle.Taking 1000 grams of jielu grass particles is placed in stirred pot, under agitation, pours the aqueous polyvinyl acetate emulsion 450 milliliters that solid content is 6% into, stir evenly to jielu grass particle.Wet stock is dried to constant weight in 70 DEG C under agitation.Then spray 120 ml waters wherein under agitation, vegetable material surface is spontaneously wet out by water, then 400 grams of polyethylene powders are added, stir evenly.Stainless steel mould external coating dimethyl silicone oil, then material is loaded mould, be placed on pressing plate that temperature is the thermocompressor of 85 DEG C, not high-pressure drying 15 minutes, then at 180 DEG C, hot pressing 14 minutes under the condition of 16MPa, after being cooled to room temperature, the demoulding obtains the matrix material of polyethylene and jielu grass, and the tensile strength of matrix material is 11.4MPa.
Claims (4)
1. prepare a method for polyethylene and plant composite material, it is characterized in that, comprise the following step:
(1) plant material is dried the rear short section being cut to below 10cm, then in enclosed system, be cut into particle;
(2) surface modification of vegetable material: take crushed aggregate of plant and be placed in stirred pot, properties-correcting agent is poured into crushed aggregate of plant, stir evenly, the quality of crushed aggregate of plant and the ratio of the volume of properties-correcting agent are 100 grams: 40 ~ 400 milliliters, and properties-correcting agent is polyvinyl alcohol or polyvinyl acetate (PVA);
(3) drying of improved plant material: by the wet stock of step (2) under stirring, temperature are the condition of 70 DEG C, be dried to constant weight;
(4) the mixing of vegetable material of polyethylene and surface modification: take improved plant material and be placed in stirred pot, stir while to improved plant material surface sprinkling, vegetable material surface is spontaneously wet out by water, increase the adhesive capacity to polyethylene powders, increase mixed, after stirring evenly, polyethylene powders is added, then stir evenly, the quality of improved plant material and the ratio of the volume of wetting water are 100 grams: 5 ~ 15 milliliters, and improved plant material and poly mass ratio are 100:20 ~ 100;
(5) die-filling: to be releasing agent with dimethyl silicone oil, material is loaded stainless steel mould;
(6) dry before hot pressing: be put in by stainless steel mould on the pressing plate of thermocompressor, the platen temperature that mould is placed in setting is 70 DEG C ~ 100 DEG C, dry 5 minutes ~ 25 minutes;
(7) hot pressing and aftertreatment: at 170 DEG C ~ 220 DEG C, hot pressing 10 minutes ~ 20 minutes under the condition of 15MPa ~ 75MPa; After being cooled to room temperature, the demoulding obtains the matrix material of polyethylene and plant.
2. a kind of method preparing polyethylene and plant composite material according to claim 1, is characterized in that, plant material is any one or its mixture in wheat straw, straw, weeds, beans stalk.
3. a kind of method preparing polyethylene and plant composite material according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the mass percent concentration of polyvinyl alcohol solution is 1% ~ 10%, and the solid content of aqueous polyvinyl acetate emulsion is 1% ~ 10%.
4. the method preparing polyethylene and plant composite material according to claim 1 or 3, is characterized in that, the mass percent concentration of described polyvinyl alcohol solution is 5%, and the solid content of aqueous polyvinyl acetate emulsion is 5%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310408488.7A CN103483844B (en) | 2013-09-10 | 2013-09-10 | Method for preparing polyethylene and plant composite material |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310408488.7A CN103483844B (en) | 2013-09-10 | 2013-09-10 | Method for preparing polyethylene and plant composite material |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN103483844A CN103483844A (en) | 2014-01-01 |
| CN103483844B true CN103483844B (en) | 2015-07-22 |
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| CN103819809B (en) * | 2014-03-19 | 2016-05-04 | 福建师范大学 | A kind of ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer base wood-plastic composite material |
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| CN102786807A (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2012-11-21 | 九江学院 | Straw base composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN103146049A (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2013-06-12 | 山东理工大学 | preparation method and application of acrylate wood-plastic composite compatibilization modifier |
| CN103214722B (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2015-10-14 | 九江学院 | A kind of easily and the preparation method of polyolefin powder that all mixes of crushed aggregate of plant |
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Granted publication date: 20150722 Termination date: 20190910 |