CN103482725B - 根据反渗透原理生产超纯水的装置 - Google Patents
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- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
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Abstract
一种用于根据反渗透原理生产超纯水的装置的浓缩物返回管道,所述浓缩物返回管道具有插入其中的文丘里管,所述文丘里管具有汇聚室和发散室,抽吸管被安装在文丘里泵的抽吸开口上,并借助于联接器能在文丘里泵上游和流阻装置上游连接至浓缩物返回管或连接至容纳消毒剂或者清洁剂的外部容器。由此消毒过程能基本自动地进行。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及根据RO(反渗透)原理生产超纯水的装置,所述装置包括:RO过滤器模块,所述RO过滤器模块被膜分成主回路和次回路;大气通风(atmosphericallyventilated)的给水箱,未净化水供应管在所述给水箱中终止,所述给水箱具有管道,在所述管道中插入泵,所述管道从所述给水箱的下端导向主回路;浓缩物返回管道,所述浓缩物返回管道从主回路导回给水箱;和渗透物管道,所述渗透物管道能连接至透析装置,所述渗透物管道从次回路延伸。
背景技术
这种类型的反渗透系统用于从自来水中重新获得纯净的无菌水,例如应用于医疗和食品技术。其操作原理在于在过滤模块中在高压下沿半透膜的表面引导要制备的水,其中,水的一部分(渗透物)穿过膜并且在膜的另一侧被收集并且被提供给消费场所,例如,提供给一个或几个透析装置。未穿过膜并且富含有残留物的未净化水的部分,即浓缩物,在主回路的流路的端部处流出过滤模块。为了保持反渗透系统消耗的水尽可能少,浓缩物的部分被大部分返回到给水箱。
管道系统,特别是具有返回至给水箱的浓缩物的管道,不免具有有机杂质。如果没有特别的对应措施,则所述液体系统(即,给水箱和,通向过滤模块以及从所述过滤模块通向给水箱的管道)的微生物群集现象因而可以出现。所谓生物膜在该过程中沉积在液体传导系统的内表面上。
为了避免这种情形,反渗透设施的液体系统的所述部分以合适的间隔被消毒。为此目的,正常操作被中断并且化学消毒剂被共给至液体传导系统。在合适的暴露时间之后,进行冲洗操作,所述操作用于再次去除被引入的消毒剂和消毒剂的反应产物,以便此后能重新开始正常供给操作。
由于不受控制地供给消毒剂带来的巨大风险(特别是当在医疗领域(血液透析)中使用消毒剂时),所有需要进行消毒过程的操作步骤至今为止都在操作人员的完全控制下手动进行。此外还包括将管道与外部消毒剂容器进行连接并随后分离,以及监测消毒剂的正确供给。
发明内容
本发明的目标是基本自动地进行所讨论的类型的消毒过程。
该目标根据本发明通过所附权利要求1的特征来实现。
本发明的有利的发展的特征记载在从属权利要求中。
根据本发明在浓缩物返回管道中插入文丘里泵或者文丘里管,所述文丘里泵或者文丘里管具有汇聚室和发散室,本发明具有抽吸管,所述抽吸管被安装在文丘里泵的抽吸开口上,并且利用联接器在文丘里泵上游并优选在流阻装置上游能连接至浓缩物返回管或连接至容纳消毒剂或者清洁剂的外部容器。所述联接器优选是插头型联接器,所述插头型联接器包括能被插在一起的两个联接件,当脱离时,联接器的固定件借助于弹簧力被自动闭合。
因具有大的优点,建议各一个固定联接件被布置在容器上以及被布置在浓缩物返回管道上,并且相应的对应联接件被布置在抽吸管的端部上。各固定联接件优选设置有簧片接触件,并且环形磁体被布置在对应联接件上,以便在抽吸管连接和脱离时,以这种方式形成的簧片开关进行开关操作,所述开关操作被用作用于反渗透系统的控制信号。
在正常的反渗透操作期间,抽吸管被连接至浓缩物返回管道,由于两个联接件被相互插入并且簧片开关被闭合。部分浓缩物由于分支点下游的流阻而流经抽吸管,由此所述管被持续冲洗。
当要进行消毒操作时,浓缩物返回管道上的插头式联接器脱离,这伴随着簧片开关的开关操作。该开关操作以大的优点被用作自动中断正常操作的控制信号。当在柔性抽吸管的端部处的联接件随后与外部容器上的联接件插在一起时,簧片开关的开关操作能被探测-如果这里设置了相应的簧片开关的话,于是消毒操作优选自动启动。消毒剂能被吸入文丘里泵,例如经过一段预定的时间,或者所述吸入操作进行这样长的时间直至被布置在主回路和/或次回路中的分析装置在要被清洁的液体中探测到预定浓度的消毒剂。也可能通过在给水箱中的信号开关(levelswitch)来监测的容积的计量。在合适的暴露时间之后,优选在重新开始再次插入抽吸管以便再次去除被引入的消毒剂及其反应产物之后进行冲洗操作,从而随后能再次恢复正常的供给操作。
利用本发明,消毒操作能基本自动地进行,由此与安全有关的先决条件被显著地改善。
大气通风的容器特别容易发生微生物群集。未净化水供给管道和浓缩物返回管道以及多数时间部分地填充给水箱的渗透物返回管道在所述给水箱中终止,且通常穿过给水箱的盖。通常利用用于相应的填充水平的水位探测装置来探测填充水平。
为了避免给水箱的内壁发生生物膜群集或者消除已经沉积的微生物,根据本发明的不同方面,所述不同方面与将消毒剂引入浓缩物返回管道的类型无关,建议用于液体喷射的分配器或者偏转器被布置在在给水箱终止的管道的口上或口的下面,并且应当将进入给水箱的液体引导为靠着给水箱的内壁,以便液体沿给水箱的内壁向下流。由此可靠地避免有机物沉积在给水箱内壁上,并且给水箱的壁表面被完全冲洗或者清洗。
分配器或者偏转器可以是合适尺寸的分配滤器,所述分配滤器大体锥形地向外倾斜,或者是例如喷雾嘴,所述喷雾嘴将液体喷射引导为靠着给水箱的内壁。
也可以提供上述分配装置中的相应一个装置,或者,优选地,连接的大体锥形的分配滤器被布置在供水管道、浓缩物返回管道和渗透物返回管道进入给水箱的口的下面。
在本发明的另外的从属的方面中,文丘里泵可以由具有流道的至少两个块部件构成,所述两个块部件紧密地彼此连接-优选设置有O型环密封。所述块部件优选由硬塑料构成。通过根据模块设计原理组装预先制造的元件,这种文丘里泵的模块构造允许廉价地制造不同尺寸和形状的文丘里泵。
根据本发明的另一建议,以这种方式组装的文丘里泵被固定至给水箱的盖。
附图说明
现在将参考附图更为详细地描述本发明,其中:
图1示出了根据本发明的反渗透系统的图解;
图2以放大比例示出了图1的文丘里泵的区域;
图3示出了浓缩物返回管道的进入给水箱的口的子部分,其中文丘里泵固定至给水箱的盖,所述子部分包括大的分配滤器;并且
图4是小的分配滤器的类似的视图。
具体实施方式
首先参考图1,未净化水通过管道1被提供并且经由入口阀2进入给水箱3。给水箱3中的液体利用泵4穿过管道5被提供至反渗透模块,所述反渗透模块的主回路7借助于膜8与次回路9分开。
在该过程中,液体首先进入模块管上边部上的周围的环形室,随后沿整个内壁向下流,使得过滤模块没有任何死区并且没有生物膜能沉积在其中。
浓缩物被排出主回路7经过管道10,在管道10中节流阀11提供在主回路7中(遍及)的压力。浓缩物能通过管道12被排入出口14a(阀13被布置在所述管道12中)或者能通过浓缩物返回管道14而返回进入给水箱3。节流阀11能利用阀16被旁路管道15桥接,以便一方面当消毒剂被吸入时增加经过管道14的流体,或者另一方面将主回路侧的残余物排至出口14a。
在浓缩物返回管道14上布置了联接器17,所述联接器17能由固定联接件(couplingmember)和对应联接件(counter-couplingmember)构成,所述固定联接件被牢固地连接至管道14,所述对应联接件被安装在柔性的抽吸管18的端部上。止回阀19被设置在抽吸管18中。抽吸管18被固定至文丘里泵20的吸入开口,文丘里泵20的汇聚室21和发散室22被设置在管道14中。流阻装置24被布置在文丘里泵20和分支点23之间,结果在联接器17闭合的状态下并且在反渗透系统的正常操作期间,部分量的浓缩物流过抽吸管18至文丘里泵20。
被固定地紧固于管道14的联接器构件设置有簧片接触件,而安装在抽吸管18的端部上的对应联接件承载有环形磁体。这两个联接件(固定联接件和对应联接件)共同地形成簧片开关25,簧片开关25的开关位置具有用于反渗透系统的控制和监测功能。当联接器17被打开时,即抽吸管18被移除时,反渗透系统的正常操作被自动中断。
在抽吸管18的端部的对应联接件能与相应的联接件26插在一起,以连接至容纳消毒剂或者清洁剂的外部容器27。相应的簧片开关在此还可以输出指示联接器闭合的控制信号。自动的消毒程序能由此被启动。
渗透物流出反渗透模块的次回路9,经过环形管道28到达提取点29,以用于透析装置。不需要的渗透物经过渗透物返回管道30回流进入给水箱3。
大体锥形的分配滤器(distributorscreen)32被布置在供水管道1、渗透物返回管道30和浓缩物返回管道12的入口开口的下面,并且所供应的液体冲击在所述滤器上并且被分配滤器31引导为靠着给水箱3的内壁。结果,液体永远在给水箱3的内壁上向下流,使得没有生物膜能在此沉积。此外,对于各消毒过程,被夹带的消毒剂被引导至内壁。在后续的冲洗程序中,消毒剂被去除,在给水箱的内表面没有任何残余。
图3示出了文丘里泵32可以由两个块部件33和34构成,另外的块部件35形成穿过给水箱37的盖36的浓缩物入口。块部件33至35优选由硬塑料构成。汇聚室38与发散室39放在一起,并且吸入通道40在中央吸入部40终止。块部件33至35借助于设置有O型密封环41的合适装置而被彼此紧固。大体锥形的偏转/分配滤器42被紧固在盖36下面,大体锥形的偏转/分配滤器42将冲击的液体引导为靠着给水箱37的内壁。
在图4中所示出的实施例中,(通过所有液体在给水箱终止的实例)小的偏转滤器43被布置在浓缩物返回管道的入口处以用于相同的目的。
Claims (11)
1.一种用于根据反渗透原理生产超纯水的装置,所述装置包括:反渗透过滤模块(6),所述反渗透过滤模块借助于膜(8)被分成主回路(7)和次回路(9);与大气通风的给水箱(3),供水管(1)在所述给水箱内终止,所述给水箱具有管道,在所述管道中插入泵(4),所述管道从所述给水箱(3)的下端导向主回路(7),
浓缩物返回管道(14),所述浓缩物返回管道从所述主回路(7)导回所述给水箱(3),和
渗透物管道,多个透析装置能连接至渗透物管道,所述渗透物管道从次回路(9)延伸,
其特征在于:
在所述浓缩物返回管道(14)中插入文丘里泵(20),所述文丘里泵具有汇聚室(21)和发散室(22),抽吸管(18)在所述文丘里泵内终止,所述抽吸管(18)借助于插头式联接器(17,26)能选择性地连接至容纳消毒剂或清洁剂的容器(27)或在所述文丘里泵(20)的上游连接至所述浓缩物返回管道(14),所述插头式联接器具有当脱离时在固定构件上自动闭合的联接件。
2.根据权利要求1的装置,其特征在于,渗透物返回管道(30)在所述给水箱(3)中终止。
3.根据权利要求1的装置,其特征在于,在所述文丘里泵(20)的上游,在所述浓缩物返回管道(14)中插入流阻装置(24)。
4.根据权利要求1的装置,其特征在于,各一个固定联接件分别被布置在所述容器(27)上和所述浓缩物返回管(14)上,并且相配的对应联接件被布置在所述抽吸管(18)的端部上。
5.根据权利要求4的装置,其特征在于,各一个簧片接触件被布置在所述固定联接件上,并且环形磁体被布置在所述对应联接件上,并且所述抽吸管(18)的连接和断开被探测及用作所述反渗透的控制信号。
6.根据权利要求1、4和5任一项的装置,其特征在于,在所述抽吸管(18)中设置止回阀(19)。
7.根据权利要求1的装置,其特征在于,
用于液体喷射的分配器(31,42,43)或偏转器被布置在所述浓缩物返回管道(14)的进入给水箱(3,37)的口上或者下面,所述分配器或者所述偏转器将进入的液体引导为靠着所述给水箱(3,37)的内壁。
8.根据权利要求7的装置,其特征在于,所述分配器是喷雾嘴设备或大体锥形的分配滤器。
9.根据权利要求2的装置,其特征在于,各一个分配器或者连接的大体锥形的分配滤器被布置在供水管道(1)、浓缩物返回管道(14)和渗透物返回管道(30)的进入所述给水箱(3,37)的口的下面。
10.根据权利要求1的装置,其特征在于,所述文丘里泵由具有流道(38,39,40)的两个块部件(33,34)构成,所述两个块部件(33,34)紧密地彼此连接。
11.根据权利要求10的装置,其特征在于,所述文丘里泵被固定至所述给水箱(37)的盖(36)。
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DE102014017404A1 (de) * | 2014-11-25 | 2016-05-25 | Fidica Gmbh & Co. Kg | Überwachung RO-Anlage für Spüllösungen |
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IL305897A (en) * | 2017-04-05 | 2023-11-01 | Roar Holding Llc | A method for isolating MAO inhibitors from tequila or other distilled agave fermentation products |
DE102017127637A1 (de) * | 2017-11-22 | 2019-05-23 | Vivonic Gmbh | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer medizinischen Lösung |
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PL2674399T3 (pl) | 2014-11-28 |
BR102012032456A2 (pt) | 2015-04-22 |
CN103482725A (zh) | 2014-01-01 |
US20130334115A1 (en) | 2013-12-19 |
EP2674399A1 (de) | 2013-12-18 |
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