CN103482367A - Multi-component powder component real-time variable powder feeding system - Google Patents
Multi-component powder component real-time variable powder feeding system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103482367A CN103482367A CN201310280581.4A CN201310280581A CN103482367A CN 103482367 A CN103482367 A CN 103482367A CN 201310280581 A CN201310280581 A CN 201310280581A CN 103482367 A CN103482367 A CN 103482367A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-component powder component real-time variable powder feeding system, which belongs to the field of laser manufacturing technologies and equipment. The system comprises a powder feeding device (1), a powder parameter setting device (2), a powder feeding device selection switch (3), an electric case (4) and a power feeding gas flow meter (5), wherein a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) system and a powder feeding motor (17) are arranged in the electric case (4); the powder parameter setting device (2) is connected with the PLC system; a powder delivery parameter set by the powder parameter setting device (2) is transmitted to the powder feeding motor (17) after being processed by the PLC system; a driving shaft (23) and a powder bearing disk (12), which are in the powder feeding device (1), are driven to rotate by the powder feeding motor (17); the powder feeding device selection switch (3) is electrically connected with the powder feeding motor (17) of the powder feeding device (1) and a control device of the power feeding gas flow meter (5). The system can guarantee stable operation of powder with a small output quantity; the powder feeding output processing and the driving electric design of a plurality of paths of powder feeding devices can guarantee the synchronism of the operation of the powder delivery devices.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind ofly realize that powder composition proportion under multichannel powder feeding condition changes continuously and the novel powder feed system of multi-line section interpolation simulation powder feeding curve, the polycomponent powder composition proportion design function that it is powerful, the synchronous manipulation of unique small size powder export structure design and good electric control system, the high precision that has guaranteed many powder composition proportion in the laser forming manufacture is controlled continuously, can finely meet functionally gradient material (FGM) laser preparation technology polycomponent powder composition proportion continually varying powder in forming process is carried to this specific (special) requirements, belong to laser fabrication technology and apparatus field.
Background technology
Functional gradient material (Functionally Gradient Materials-FGM) is due to the graded of its composition and performance, so possess other homogeneous homogenous materials and the not available Combination property advantage of coating material.Based on the synchronous powder feeding system laser melting and coating process, by successively changing many powder composition proportion, preparation is the successively functionally gradient material (FGM) of graded along stacked direction (Direction of superposition), but the composition of its every one deck and structure property are uniformity, constant, so its composition and discontinuous variation of structure property between layers.The expansion application of the means that are shaped flexibly along with the development of functional gradient material characteristic and five-axis machine tool system (robot system) etc. are changeable in laser forming is manufactured, day by day become common recognition along with increasing material manufacture concept, be accompanied by the rise that 3D prints manufacturing technology, in forming process, by the continuous controllable variations of composition and performance, the integrated manufacture of the geometric configuration of practical function part, physical property and material property will become the study hotspot of laser forming technology.
So, control as many powder composition proportion of adding material is the technique prerequisite of guarantee composition and performance continually varying function-graded material (function part) laser forming technology of preparing with conveying, so urgently develop, a kind ofly realizes that high precision controls the powder conveying system of many powder composition proportion.Based on this, the pneumatic conveying principle of carrying based on the negative-pressure adsorption malleation, invented a kind of powder feed system of realizing many powder composition real-time change, and carry out design study from many-sides such as critical component physical construction, the control of powder composition proportion and system electrical operation logics, developed and can realize that many powder composition proportion changes continuously and the novel powder feed system of multi-line section interpolation simulation powder feeding curve.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly in order to overcome in existing synchronous powder feeding system system, can't realize the continuous variation of polycomponent powder composition in the laser forming process and control in real time, the existing functionally gradient material (FGM) of solution or function part laser forming change to many powder composition the demand of controlling in real time that reaches in manufacturing continuously, and one kind of multiple powder composition proportion of invention and the real-time powder conveying system of controlling.
A kind of polycomponent powder composition is variable powder feed system in real time, and it includes dust feeder 1, powder parameter setting apparatus 2, dust feeder select switch 3, electric cabinet 4; Powder feeding gas flowmeter body 5; Wherein in electric cabinet 4, be provided with PLC system and powder feeding motor 17; Powder parameter setting apparatus 2 is connected with the PLC system, and the powder transportation parameters that powder parameter setting apparatus 2 arranges flows to powder feeding motor 17 after being processed by the PLC system, and axle drive shaft 23 and powder carrier 12 that powder feeding motor 17 drives in dust feeder 1 rotate; Dust feeder select switch 3 is electrically connected with the powder feeding motor 17 of dust feeder 1 and the control device of powder feeding gas flowmeter body 5; Powder feeding gas flowmeter body (5) inlet end is connected with the powder feeding gas source of the gas, and outlet side and the dust feeder piece (25) of supplying gas is connected; Powder parameter setting apparatus 2 is used for arranging the powder transportation parameters of many powder, the multistage powder feeding parameter hurdle that comprises each dust feeder 1 powder transportation parameters, described each parameter hurdle comprises three powder feeding parameters, be powder carrier initial operation speed Vs, stop kinematic velocity Ve, time of run T;
Described dust feeder 1 is a plurality of, is respectively used to the powder powder feeding to heterogeneity; A plurality of dust feeders 1 are connected with respectively the output shaft of a powder feeding motor 17.
In described dust feeder 1, power collecting bucket 7, powder delivery part 9 and the piece 25 of supplying gas are connected on seal cover cap 8; Snap ring 11, seal cover cap 8, pallet 23 are fixed together with chassis 13, form annular seal space; Be arranged on communicating pipe 24 in power collecting bucket 7, guarantee that the interior gas pressure intensity of power collecting bucket 7 equates with pressure in annular seal space; By its bottom protrusion position, the annular groove embedding with powder carrier 12 is connected with going out powder agglomates 10 to enter powder agglomates 22, guarantees that both radially go up position at powder carrier 12 and fix, and can move freely on circumferential position; Axle drive shaft 21 links together with powder carrier 12, and by its bottom square groove, the output shaft with powder feeding motor 17 connects axle drive shaft 21; Spring 18 is arranged between powder feeding motor 17 and axle drive shaft 21; The rotation of powder feeding motor 17 drives axle drive shaft 21 and powder carrier 12 rotates, and completes sprawling continuously of powder; Butt flange 14 is rigidly connected with chassis 12; Flange plate 16 is rigidly attached on butt flange 14; Powder feeding motor 17 is rigidly attached on flange plate 16; The interior installation oil sealing 19 of butt flange 14 and rolling ball bearing 20, the diameter dimension of the installation endoporus referenced drive axle 22 of oil sealing 19 and rolling ball bearing 20;
The line of centers of storage powder cylinder 7 overlaps with the powder agglomates locating cone groove 22-1 line of centers that enters that enters powder agglomates 22, and the line of centers of powder delivery part 9 overlaps with the powder agglomates locating cone groove 10-1 line of centers that goes out that goes out powder agglomates 10; Powder in storage powder cylinder 7 is under the double action of himself gravity and the powder feeding air pressure that provides communicating pipe 24, from storage powder cylinder 7 belows, flow out, by the powder agglomates that enters that powder groove 22-2 flow in the cell body 12-1 that is embedded in powder carrier 12 that enters that enters powder agglomates 22, sprawl in groove 22-4, along with the rotation of powder carrier 12 and enter the relative sliding of powder agglomates 22 with powder carrier 12, powder is sprawled in the cell body 12-1 that spreads over continuously powder carrier 12 in groove 22-4 by entering powder agglomates.Powder moving in cell body 12-1 is when going out powder agglomates 10, and when going out powder agglomates bottom collecting tank 10-4 and move to flour opening 10-2, at the powder feeding air-flow along powder delivery part (9) with when going out gap malleation between powder agglomates locating cone groove and flowing out, in powder delivery part (9) lower surface and go out the zone of negative pressure that forms similar cleaner suction nozzle between powder agglomates locating cone groove (10-1) bottom, under the negative-pressure adsorption effect, powder from flour opening (10-2) by the air-flow sucking-off, and under the malleation of air-flow is carried, in the powder feeding pipeline, be fluidized, be suspended in the powder feeding gas flow, form stable Dual-Phrase Distribution of Gas olid, along 9 outputs of powder delivery part.
Go out powder agglomates 10 and enter powder agglomates 22 and embed in the cell body of powder carrier 12 by the flange separately, it is circle-shaped that flange is, its radius of curvature equates with powder carrier cell body radius, can be free to slide with the powder carrier at the cell body circumferencial direction so go out powder agglomates and enter powder agglomates, and can not move freely in the cell body radial direction;
The described structure that goes out powder agglomates 10 is the fan-like pattern schistose texture, below processing radius of curvature is with the identical flange 10-3 of powder carrier cell body 12-1 radius, its width is identical with powder carrier cell body 12-1 width, and it is highly identical with the powder carrier cell body 12-1 degree of depth; Be processed with out powder agglomates locating cone groove 10-1 going out powder agglomates 10 tops, go out powder agglomates locating cone groove 10-1 bottom along its longitudinal center line processing through hole as flour opening 10-2; Going out on powder agglomates base flange 10-3 to process powder agglomates bottom collecting tank 10-4, its position is the center of the side going out the inflow of powder agglomates base flange powder to flour opening 10-2, and be concentric structure with going out powder agglomates base flange 10-3, its width is less than flange width, to guarantee that collecting tank 10-4 wall thickness is not less than 0.5mm, the radius that its radius of curvature equals powder carrier cell body 12-1 is poor with collecting tank 10-4 wall thickness, and its degree of depth is less than the degree of depth of powder carrier cell body 12-1;
The described mechanism that enters powder agglomates 22 is the fan-like pattern schistose texture, below processing radius of curvature is with the identical flange 22-3 of powder carrier cell body 12-1 radius, its width is identical with powder carrier cell body 12-1 width, and it is highly identical with the powder carrier cell body 12-1 degree of depth; Be processed with into powder agglomates locating cone groove 22-1 entering powder agglomates 22 tops, at the locating cone trench bottom, along flange 22-3 line of centers processing long hole shape, enter powder groove 22-2; Sprawl groove 22-4 entering on powder agglomates base flange 22-3 to be manufactured into powder agglomates bottom, its position is to the center that enters powder groove 22-2 in a side that enters the outflow of powder agglomates flange powder, and be concentric structure with entering the powder agglomates base flange, its width is less than flange width, to guarantee that sprawling groove 22-4 wall thickness is not less than 0.5mm, its radius of curvature equals the radius of powder carrier cell body 12-1 with sprawling the poor of groove 22-4 wall thickness, and its degree of depth is less than the degree of depth of powder carrier cell body 12-1.
Described many powder transportation parameters set-up mode is as follows:
In order to guarantee that many powder transportation parameters can require to carry out proportioning and conveying according to composition and structure property, and can adopt interpolation to simulate any powder feeding curve, many powder transportation parameters set-up mode adopts the multistage powder to carry the mentality of designing of linear function, every section powder carries linear function to comprise three parameters: powder feeding commencing speed VS, powder feeding stop speed VE, powder feeding time T, and these three parameters have just determined this powder conveying linear function.Carry linear function by the powder separately that many powder dust feeder is set, just set many powder composition proportion and Changing Pattern.Carry linear function by the multistage powder is set, and numerical value is equal from beginning to end to guarantee to carry linear function by these powder, and carries linear functions to put and be set to interpolation point from beginning to end in these powder, but interpolation is simulated any powder feeding curve; This parameter is set in as powder parameter setting apparatus 2 such as human-computer interaction interface HMI by the form of list.Different dusty materials is placed in the power collecting bucket (7) in different dust feeders (1), and at powder parameter setting apparatus (2), its corresponding powder output parameter is set according to the requirement of forming technology.
Go out powder agglomates and enter powder agglomates bottom tab position that to be designed to secondary step-like;
Describedly go out powder agglomates 10 belows processing radiuss of curvature with the identical flange 10-3 of powder carrier cell body 12-1 radius, going out on powder agglomates base flange 10-3 to process powder agglomates bottom collecting tank 10-4, its position is the center of the side going out the inflow of powder agglomates base flange powder to flour opening 10-2, and is concentric structure with going out powder agglomates base flange 10-3;
Describedly enter powder agglomates 22 belows processing radiuss of curvature with the identical flange 22-3 of powder carrier cell body 12-1 radius, sprawl groove 22-4 entering on powder agglomates base flange 22-3 to be manufactured into powder agglomates bottom, its position is for entering a side that powder agglomates flange powder flows out to the center that enters powder groove 22-2, and is concentric structure with entering the powder agglomates base flange; Go out powder agglomates and enter each parameter of powder agglomates base flange position and be expressed as respectively:
H2 is for going out powder agglomates base flange height; H2 ' is for going out the powder agglomates bottom collecting tank degree of depth; W2 is for going out powder agglomates base flange width; H3 is for entering powder agglomates base flange height; H3 ' sprawls groove depth for entering powder agglomates; W3 is for entering powder agglomates base flange width; H1 is the powder carrier conduit degree of depth; W1 is powder carrier conduit width;
Wherein, in order to guarantee out powder agglomates, enter the smooth running of powder agglomates and powder carrier, H1=H2=H3=H > 1mm.As far as possible little in order to guarantee powder carrier individual pen powder supporting body product, 2mm<W1=W2=W3<10mm wherein; 0.3mm<H2 '=H3 '<H.Requirement according to forming technology to powder mixture ratio and output, arrange the different corresponding parameters that go out powder agglomates (10) and enter powder agglomates (22) base flange position.
The number of described dust feeder 1 is 2 to 4.
It is characterized in that:
1, its unique powder carrier in dust feeder, enter the design of powder parts and powder delivery parts;
2, meet the design of the multistage parameter of many powder composition proportion;
3, meet the electric control theory design that many powder are controlled in real time.
The present invention can obtain following beneficial effect:
Adopt powder feed system of the present invention to compare with traditional powder feed system, can realize the continuous variation of many powder composition proportion and control in real time, but and the interpolation simulation export powder feeding curve arbitrarily; Its unique powder carrier, enter the design of powder parts and powder delivery parts, can guarantee the smooth operation of starch end output; The powder feeding output of multichannel dust feeder is processed and drives electrical design, can guarantee the synchronism of multichannel powder conveying device operation.
The accompanying drawing explanation:
Fig. 1 is many powder composition proportion continuous variable powder feed system set-up diagram;
Fig. 2 is dust feeder structure birds-eye view;
Fig. 3 is dust feeder A-A cutaway view;
Fig. 4 is dust feeder B-B cutaway view;
Fig. 5 is the powder carrier, enter powder agglomates and the packaged figure of powder delivery;
Fig. 6 is for entering the powder agglomates section of structure;
Fig. 7 is powder delivery block structure section-drawing;
Fig. 8 is that the powder transportation parameters arranges the interface schematic diagram;
Fig. 9 is any powder feeding curve interpolation simulation schematic diagram;
Figure 10 is powder feed system electric control theory figure.
Label declaration shown in figure:
1, dust feeder, 2, the powder parameter setting apparatus, 3, the dust feeder select switch, 4, electric cabinet, 5, the powder feeding gas flowmeter body, 6, storage powder cover, 7, storage powder cylinder, 8, seal cover cap, 9, the powder delivery part, 10, go out powder agglomates, 10-1, go out powder agglomates locating cone groove 10-2, go out the powder agglomates flour opening, 10-3, go out the powder agglomates base flange, 10-4, go out powder agglomates bottom collecting tank, 11, snap ring, 12, the powder carrier, 12-1, powder carrier cell body, 13, chassis, 14, butt flange, 15, bearing, 16, flange plate, 17, the powder feeding motor, 18, spring, 19, oil sealing, 20, bearing, 21, axle drive shaft, 22, enter powder agglomates, 22-1, enter powder agglomates locating cone groove, 22-2, enter powder agglomates and enter the powder groove, 22-3, enter the powder agglomates base flange, 22-4, enter the powder agglomates bottom and sprawl groove, 23, pallet, 24, communicating pipe, 25, the piece of supplying gas.
The specific embodiment:
The structural representation of dust feeder as shown in Figure 2 to 4.
Electric cabinet includes the PLC system, powder feeding motor, electric control system etc.
Wherein, power collecting bucket 7, powder delivery part 9 and the piece 25 of supplying gas are connected by screw on seal cover cap 8.By screw, snap ring 11, seal cover cap 8, pallet 23 are linked together with chassis 13, form annular seal space.Be arranged on communicating pipe 24 in power collecting bucket 7, guarantee that the interior gas pressure intensity of power collecting bucket 7 equates with pressure in annular seal space.With going out powder agglomates 10, by its bottom protrusion position, the annular groove with powder carrier 12 is connected powder feeding piece 22, guarantees that both radially go up position at the powder carrier and fix, and can move freely on circumferential position.Axle drive shaft 21 links together with the powder carrier by screw, and the output shaft with powder feeding motor 17 connects by its bottom square groove.Spring 18 is arranged between powder feeding motor 17 and axle drive shaft 21.The rotation of powder feeding motor 17 drives axle drive shaft 23 and powder carrier 12 rotates, and completes sprawling continuously of powder.Butt flange 14 is rigidly connected with chassis 12 by screw.Flange plate 16 is rigidly attached on butt flange 14 by screw.Motor is rigidly attached on flange plate 16 by screw.The interior installation oil sealing 19 of butt flange 14 and rolling ball bearing 20, the diameter dimension of the installation endoporus referenced drive axle 22 of oil sealing 19 and rolling ball bearing 20.
The critical component of powder conveying device is the powder carrier, goes out powder agglomates and enter powder agglomates.Assembly relation between the three and performance have directly determined serviceability and the in-use performance of dust feeder.Its assembly relation and structure are as shown in Fig. 5～Fig. 7, go out powder agglomates 10 and enter powder agglomates 22 and embed in the cell body of powder carrier 12 (flange width is substantially equal with the cell body width) by the flange separately, it is circle-shaped that flange is, its radius of curvature equates with powder carrier cell body radius, can be free to slide with the powder carrier at the cell body circumferencial direction so go out powder agglomates and enter powder agglomates, and can not move freely in the cell body radial direction.
An important embodiment of dust feeder powder delivery precision is minimum value and the stability of conveying powder volume in the unit time.Usually way is to reduce the operating speed of powder carrier, but the drawback of the method is no matter be servomotor, or DC machine, its low speed low speed numerical value 0.2r/min of current powder feed system (as be less than) running moment of torsion and stability all can reduce along with the reduction of operating speed, reduction along with powder carrier velocity of rotation, although the powder operational throughput has reduced, the dust feeder working stability has also reduced, and must affect the composition proportion precision of many powder and change continuously requirement.So, reduce powder operational throughput in the powder carrier unit time as far as possible, just can so that dust feeder normal speed (as > 0.5r/min) condition under, under the good powder feeding stability prerequisite of assurance, obtain high precision starch end operational throughput, effectively guarantee many powder composition proportion precision.
The conventional route that reduces body of powder product in the powder carrier has two, the one, reduce the width of powder carrier, but when this width W 1 is less than certain numerical value (2.5mm), be subject to the impact of powder self flowing power and gravity, powder can not be successfully enters the powder groove and enters in the powder carrier by entering powder agglomates, causes powder to carry continuity to interrupt.If reduce powder carrier thickness, powder delivery part and enter powder part bottom tab position (this outstanding position is by the powder delivery part and enters the powder part and be fixed on the powder carrier, powder delivery part and enter the powder part when same powder carrier relative sliding while guaranteeing powder feeding, its radial position at the powder carrier is constant) height will be very little, affect powder agglomates and enter powder agglomates with the Assembly stability between the powder carrier, and then affect three's radial position relationship, cause powder in the powder process to remain on sending disk of powder, powder agglomates and enter powder agglomates weares and teares, cause the powder of setting numerical value not carry fully simultaneously, affect the powder delivery precision, finally cause many powder composition proportion precision to reduce.
For this reason, distinctive feature of the present invention is that to be designed to secondary step-like by going out powder agglomates and entering powder agglomates bottom tab position, and its section-drawing as shown in Figure 4.Wherein H2 is for going out powder agglomates base flange height; H2 ' is for going out the powder agglomates bottom collecting tank degree of depth; W2 is for going out powder agglomates base flange width; H3 is for entering powder agglomates base flange height; H3 ' sprawls groove depth for entering powder agglomates; W3 is for entering powder agglomates base flange width; H1 is the powder carrier conduit degree of depth; W1 is powder carrier conduit width.
Wherein, in order to guarantee out powder agglomates, enter the smooth running of powder agglomates and powder carrier, H1=H2=H3=H > 1mm.As far as possible little in order to guarantee powder carrier individual pen powder supporting body product, 2mm<W1=W2=W3<10mm wherein; 0.3mm<H2 '=H3 '<H.
The remarkable advantage of this structure is both to meet the conveying requirement of many powder composition to little powder sending quantity, has guaranteed again the powder carrier, goes out powder agglomates and entered the powder agglomates working stability reliable, has guaranteed the precision of many powder composition proportion.
In order to guarantee that the powder transportation parameters can be according to composition and structure property requirement, proposed by the thinking of powder feeding parameter multistage multi-parameter design, convenient many powder composition proportion of setting intuitively, by multistage straight line powder feeding parameter designing, but interpolation is simulated any powder feeding curve, the form of this parameter by list set in as human-computer interaction interface HMI at powder parameter setting apparatus 2.HMI powder transportation parameters arranges the interface schematic diagram as shown in Figure 8.
Wherein, ABCD represents the title of dust feeder, the powder transportation parameters section that 1～7 representative is arranged in chronological order.Every section powder transportation parameters comprises three parameters, and powder feeding commencing speed VS, powder feeding stop speed VE, powder feeding time T.In this section, powder carries total amount to be
make q=α π ρ
psD, wherein α is coefficient of correction, processing mismatch error and the precision of sprawling part, powder collection part and powder carrier with powder are relevant; ρ
pfor powder volume density, g/mm
3; S is powder carrier powder delivery groove cross-sectional area, mm
2; D is powder carrier powder delivery groove central diameter, mm; So formula of reduction is
so, for specific dust feeder, this numerical value is constant.VS is initial speed, and its running number range is 0.1～20r/min; VE is for stopping rotating speed, and its running number range is 0.1～20r/min; T is time of run, and its number range is 0.1～43200sec;
For a certain dust feeder, if VS2=VE1, VS3=VE2 ...., the interpolation knot that is arbitrary curve by these Node configurations, as shown in Figure 9.Powder operational throughput function is
Because Vsn(n=1 ... 8) be the linear interpolation node, so can adopt the multistage motor speed function V(t of Newton interpolation matching) powder of matching arbitrary curve carries function Q(t).
By this powder feeding parameter designing, can conveniently set the powder transportation parameters, realize the continuous variation of many powder composition proportion and control in real time, but the powder feeding of interpolation simulation simultaneously curve, the composition of realizing function-graded material (function part) prepared by laser forming, according to the continuous controllable variations of design, is realized the continuous variation of composition and performance.
For real-time and the controllability that guarantees many powder composition proportion, need to carry out multichannel powder pipage control by electrical design, to guarantee that each dust feeder work can be moved according to the powder composition proportion scheme of setting in HMI, requirement for the laser forming technology to many powder composition proportion, for current powder feed system, it is the mode of operation that discrete triggering drives the powder feeding motor, adopted the electrical installation pattern that is simultaneously triggered each powder feeding motor by signal processing unit, its electrical principle is (only take drive 2 road dust feeders be example) as shown in figure 10.
Wherein, motor speed parameter (function) V(t) in interpersonal interface (HMI), arrange, its numerical value is read by the PLC system; The PLC system reads after this numerical value through processing it with delta function P(t) offer servo-driver.Servo-driver flows to servomotor by pulse count, completes the rotating speed of corresponding servomotor is controlled.Motor servo driver is set to the pulsed drive pattern, and its line number is the concrete motor model of 1000000p/r(difference, line is set and counts also difference of the upper limit).Flowed to the actuating device of each road dust feeder due to the powder feeding data by the PLC system simultaneously, so guarantee Liao Ge road dust feeder operation synchronism, also just guaranteed real-time and the continuity of many powder composition proportion.
The present invention is exactly a kind of powder feed system that is applicable to composition and the continuous variable gradient material laser shaping of performance preparation specifically, in the figuration manufacture process, continuous control and variation by many powder streams composition, change in real time the powder composition proportion, thereby obtain composition and performance continually varying function-graded material and function part, meet the requirement of laser 3D printing technique to powder conveying system, belong to laser fabrication technology and apparatus field.
In sum, of the present inventionly a kind ofly realize that powder composition proportion under multichannel powder feeding condition changes continuously and the novel powder feed system of multi-line section interpolation simulation powder feeding curve, unique design has been carried out in the aspects such as machine design, powder composition proportion method to set up and many dust feeders drive pattern at the powder conveying device critical component, has met and has adopted the requirement to this interpolation material composition proportioning of many powder and control of laser forming technology prepared composition and performance continually varying functionally gradient material (FGM) and function part.Of the present invention reasonable in design, easy for operation, steerability is good.
The above; be only the present invention's specific embodiment preferably, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this, anyly is familiar with in technical scope that those skilled in the art disclose in the present invention; the variation that can expect easily or replacement, within all should being encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claims.
Claims (5)
1. a polycomponent powder composition variable powder feed system in real time, it is characterized in that: it includes dust feeder (1), powder parameter setting apparatus (2), dust feeder select switch (3), electric cabinet (4); Powder feeding gas flowmeter body (5); Wherein in electric cabinet (4), be provided with PLC system and powder feeding motor (17); Powder parameter setting apparatus (2) is connected with the PLC system, after the powder transportation parameters that powder parameter setting apparatus (2) arranges is processed by the PLC system, flow to powder feeding motor (17), axle drive shaft (23) and powder carrier (12) that powder feeding motor (17) drives in dust feeder (1) rotate; Dust feeder select switch (3) is electrically connected with the powder feeding motor (17) of dust feeder (1) and the control device of powder feeding gas flowmeter body (5); Powder feeding gas flowmeter body (5) inlet end is connected with the powder feeding gas source of the gas, and outlet side and the dust feeder piece (25) of supplying gas is connected; Powder parameter setting apparatus (2) is used for arranging the powder transportation parameters of many powder, the multistage powder feeding parameter hurdle that comprises each dust feeder (1) powder transportation parameters, described each parameter hurdle comprises three powder feeding parameters, be powder carrier initial operation speed Vs, stop kinematic velocity Ve, time of run T;
Described dust feeder (1) is a plurality of, is respectively used to the powder powder feeding to heterogeneity; A plurality of dust feeders (1) are connected with respectively the output shaft of a powder feeding motor (17);
In described dust feeder (1), power collecting bucket (7), powder delivery part (9) and the piece of supplying gas (25) are connected on seal cover cap (8); Snap ring (11), seal cover cap (8), the same chassis of pallet (23) (13) are fixed together, and form annular seal space; Be arranged on communicating pipe (24) in power collecting bucket (7), guarantee that the interior gas pressure intensity of power collecting bucket (7) equates with pressure in annular seal space; By its bottom protrusion position, the annular groove embedding with powder carrier (12) is connected with going out powder agglomates (10) to enter powder agglomates (22), guarantees that both radially go up position at powder carrier (12) and fix, and can move freely on circumferential position; Axle drive shaft (21) links together with powder carrier (12), and by its bottom square groove, the output shaft with powder feeding motor (17) connects axle drive shaft (21); Spring (18) is arranged between powder feeding motor (17) and axle drive shaft (21); The rotation of powder feeding motor (17) drives axle drive shaft (21) and powder carrier (12) rotates, and completes sprawling continuously of powder; The same chassis of butt flange (14) (12) is rigidly connected; Flange plate (16) is rigidly attached on butt flange (14); Powder feeding motor (17) is rigidly attached on flange plate (16); Oil sealing (19) and rolling ball bearing (20), the diameter dimension of the installation endoporus referenced drive axle (22) of oil sealing (19) and rolling ball bearing (20) are installed in butt flange (14);
The line of centers of storage powder cylinder (7) overlaps with powder agglomates locating cone groove (22-1) line of centers that enters that enters powder agglomates (22), and the line of centers of powder delivery part (9) overlaps with powder agglomates locating cone groove (10-1) line of centers that goes out that goes out powder agglomates (10), powder in storage powder cylinder (7) is in himself gravity and communicating pipe (under the double action of the 24 powder feeding air pressure that provide, from storage powder cylinder (7) below, flow out, flow into and be embedded in the powder carrier (powder agglomates that enters in 12 cell body (12-1) is sprawled in groove (22-4) by the powder groove (22-2) that enters that enters powder agglomates (22), along with the rotation of powder carrier (12) and enter the relative sliding of powder agglomates (22) with powder carrier (12), powder is sprawled in the cell body (12-1) that spreads over continuously powder carrier (12) in groove (22-4) by entering powder agglomates, powder moving in cell body (12-1) is when going out powder agglomates (10), and when going out powder agglomates bottom collecting tank (10-4) and move to flour opening (10-2), at the powder feeding air-flow along powder delivery part (9) with when going out gap malleation between powder agglomates locating cone groove and flowing out, in powder delivery part (9) lower surface and go out the zone of negative pressure that forms similar cleaner suction nozzle between powder agglomates locating cone groove (10-1) bottom, under the negative-pressure adsorption effect, powder from flour opening (10-2) by the air-flow sucking-off, and under the malleation of air-flow is carried, in the powder feeding pipeline, be fluidized, be suspended in the powder feeding gas flow, form stable Dual-Phrase Distribution of Gas olid, along powder delivery part (9), export.
2. the real-time variable powder feed system of a kind of polycomponent powder composition according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: go out powder agglomates (10) and enter powder agglomates (22) by separately the bottom flange embed in the cell body of powder carrier (12), it is circle-shaped that flange is, its radius of curvature equates with powder carrier cell body radius, can be free to slide with the powder carrier at the cell body circumferencial direction so go out powder agglomates and enter powder agglomates, and can not move freely in the cell body radial direction;
The described structure that goes out powder agglomates (10) is the fan-like pattern schistose texture, the below processing radius of curvature flange (10-3) identical with powder carrier cell body (12-1) radius, its width is identical with powder carrier cell body (12-1) width, and it is highly identical with powder carrier cell body (12-1) degree of depth; Go out powder agglomates (10 tops are processed with out powder agglomates locating cone groove (10-1), go out powder agglomates locating cone groove (10-1) bottom along its longitudinal center line processing through hole as flour opening (10-2); Going out on powder agglomates base flange (10-3) to process powder agglomates bottom collecting tank (10-4), its position is the center of the side going out the inflow of powder agglomates base flange powder to flour opening (10-2), and be concentric structure with going out powder agglomates base flange (10-3), its width is less than flange width, to guarantee that collecting tank (10-4) wall thickness is not less than 0.5mm, its radius of curvature equal powder carrier cell body (the same collecting tank of the radius of 12-1 (10-4) wall thickness poor, its degree of depth is less than the powder carrier cell body (degree of depth of 12-1;
The described mechanism that enters powder agglomates (22) is the fan-like pattern schistose texture, the below processing radius of curvature flange (22-3) identical with powder carrier cell body (12-1) radius, its width is identical with powder carrier cell body (12-1) width, and it is highly identical with powder carrier cell body (12-1) degree of depth; Be processed with into powder agglomates locating cone groove (22-1) entering powder agglomates (22) top, at the locating cone trench bottom, along flange (22-3) line of centers processing long hole shape, enter powder groove (22-2); Sprawl groove (22-4) entering on powder agglomates base flange (22-3) to be manufactured into powder agglomates bottom, its position is to the center that enters powder groove (22-2) in a side that enters the outflow of powder agglomates flange powder, and be concentric structure with entering the powder agglomates base flange, its width is less than flange width, to guarantee that sprawling groove (22-4) wall thickness is not less than 0.5mm, its radius of curvature equals the radius of powder carrier cell body (12-1) with sprawling the poor of groove (22-4) wall thickness, and its degree of depth is less than the degree of depth of powder carrier cell body (12-1).
3. the real-time variable powder feed system of a kind of polycomponent powder composition according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described many powder transportation parameters set-up mode is as follows:
In order to guarantee that many powder transportation parameters can require to carry out proportioning and conveying according to composition and structure property, and can adopt interpolation to simulate any powder feeding curve, many powder transportation parameters set-up mode adopts the multistage powder to carry the mentality of designing of linear function, and every section powder carries linear function to comprise three parameters: powder feeding commencing speed V
s, powder feeding stops speed V
e, the powder feeding time T, these three parameters have just determined that this powder carries linear function; Carry linear function by the powder separately that many powder dust feeder is set, just set many powder composition proportion and Changing Pattern; Carry linear function by the multistage powder is set, and numerical value is equal from beginning to end to guarantee to carry linear function by these powder, and carries linear functions to put and be set to interpolation point from beginning to end in these powder, but interpolation is simulated any powder feeding curve; This parameter is set in as powder parameter setting apparatus (2) such as human-computer interaction interface HMI by the form of list; Different dusty materials is placed in the power collecting bucket (7) in different dust feeders (1), and at powder parameter setting apparatus (2), its corresponding powder output parameter is set according to the requirement of forming technology.
4. the real-time variable powder feed system of a kind of polycomponent powder composition according to claim 1 is characterized in that: go out powder agglomates and enter powder agglomates base flange position that to be designed to secondary step-like;
Describedly go out powder agglomates (10) the below processing radius of curvature flange (10-3) identical with powder carrier cell body (12-1) radius, going out on powder agglomates base flange (10-3) to process powder agglomates bottom collecting tank (10-4), its position is the center of the side going out the inflow of powder agglomates base flange powder to flour opening (10-2), and is concentric structure with going out powder agglomates base flange (10-3);
Describedly enter powder agglomates (22) the below processing radius of curvature flange (22-3) identical with powder carrier cell body (12-1) radius, sprawl groove (22-4) entering on powder agglomates base flange (22-3) to be manufactured into powder agglomates bottom, its position is for entering a side that powder agglomates flange powder flows out to the center that enters powder groove (22-2), and is concentric structure with entering the powder agglomates base flange; Go out powder agglomates and enter each parameter of powder agglomates base flange position and be expressed as respectively: H2 is for going out powder agglomates base flange height; H2 ' is for going out the powder agglomates bottom collecting tank degree of depth; W2 is for going out powder agglomates base flange width; H3 is for entering powder agglomates base flange height; H3 ' sprawls groove depth for entering powder agglomates; W3 is for entering powder agglomates base flange width; H1 is the powder carrier conduit degree of depth; W1 is powder carrier conduit width;
Wherein, in order to guarantee out powder agglomates, enter the smooth running of powder agglomates and powder carrier, H1=H2=H3=H > 1mm; As far as possible little in order to guarantee powder carrier individual pen powder supporting body product, 2mm<W1=W2=W3<10mm wherein; 0.3mm<H2 '=H3 '<H; Requirement according to forming technology to powder mixture ratio and output, arrange the different corresponding parameters that go out powder agglomates (10) and enter powder agglomates (22) base flange position.
5. the real variable powder feed system of a kind of polycomponent powder composition according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the number of described dust feeder (1) is 2 to 4.
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| CN103482367B (en) | 2016-01-20 |
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