CN103481246A

CN103481246A - Impact mechanism

Info

Publication number: CN103481246A
Application number: CN201310232663.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: I·维尔纳
Original assignee: Robert Bosch GmbH
Current assignee: Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date: 2012-06-13
Filing date: 2013-06-13
Publication date: 2014-01-01
Anticipated expiration: 2033-06-13
Also published as: EP2674257A1; CN103481246B; EP2674257B1; DE102012209875A1

Abstract

The invention refers to an impact mechanism, especially an impact mechanism used for a hammer drill or jump bit (12a, b). The impact mechanism possesses an impact bolt (14a, b) and at least one dynamic element (16a, b) used for transferring the position of an impact bolt. According to the invention, the dynamic element (16a, b) is parallel with impact directions (18a, b) and is fixedly coupled to the impact bolt (14a, b) along and against the impact directions (18a, b).

Description

Beater mechanism

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of beater mechanism, in particular for the beater mechanism of hammer drill and/or jump bit.

Background technology

Known a kind of beater mechanism, in particular for the beater mechanism of hammer drill and/or jump bit, there is one and impact bolt and one for transmitting the element of taking that impacts the bolt position.

Summary of the invention

The present invention relates to a kind of beater mechanism, in particular for the beater mechanism of hammer drill and/or jump bit, there is one and impact bolt and at least one is for transmitting the element of taking that impacts the bolt position.

The present invention suggestion, described at least one take element be parallel to impact direction along with against impact direction, with described impact bolt, be coupled regularly." hammer drill and/or jump bit " especially is appreciated that a hand held power machine in context, and it is arranged for by rotation or non-rotary workpiece processing tool, and wherein, cutter can be loaded impulse by hand held power machine." hand held power machine " especially is appreciated that a toolroom machine in context, and it is arranged for by the user carrys out processing work with manual operating." beater mechanism " especially is appreciated that a device in context, and it has at least one parts, and described parts are arranged for and produce and/or transmit impulse on impact direction, especially axial impulse to impacts on bolt.Such parts especially impactor, director element (as hammer pipe especially) and/or piston (as tank shape piston especially) and/or other for technical staff's significant parts that seem." hammer pipe " especially is appreciated that preferred parts that form in context tubularly, impacts bolt and/or impactor and/or piston and leads in these parts." piston " in context, especially be appreciated that one along with against impact direction parts driven, that lead in pipe at hammer periodically, it is arranged for and can impactor is moved periodically to one in the hammer pipe space on-load pressure surrounded by impactor and piston.Impactor also can drive at least one on-load pressure of the space periodicity by the impactor gauge in the hammer pipe by an outside, pressure source that be arranged on the hammer tube outside.Preferably, impactor impact in service in the hammer pipe along impacting on bolt with moving periodically against impact direction and impulse being applied to.Preferably impacting bolt is delivered to impulse on cutter.Cutter preferably is clamped in tool holder." setting " especially is appreciated that specialized designs and/or special configuration." impact the bolt position " and especially be appreciated that in context and impact bolt position with respect to the hammer pipe on impact direction.Especially impacting bolt can preferably overcome spring force against impact direction and move to an impact position from a neutral." impact position " especially is appreciated that in context is impacted a bolt position, and wherein beater mechanism is arranged for and impacts operation." impact and move " running status that especially is appreciated that beater mechanism in context, wherein beater mechanism is applied to impulse on cutter, and these impulses are arranged for processing work.The impact strength of impulse can be determined by the design of beater mechanism and/or determine by the control module of user and/or beater mechanism." neutral " especially is appreciated that in context is impacted a bolt position, and wherein beater mechanism is arranged for free-runing operation." free-runing operation " especially is appreciated that a running status of beater mechanism in context, wherein beater mechanism does not apply or only applies very little impulse, especially have be less than the impact strength of impacting operating impulse 50%, preferably be less than 25%, particularly preferably be less than 10% impulse.The impact bolt preferably is limited by a backstop to the displacement of neutral and impact position.Preferably impact bolt and be displaced to impact position from neutral, its mode is that the user is pressed onto cutter on workpiece to be processed.Cutter and/or tool holder preferably are bearing in movingly on hammer drill and/or jump bit on impact direction.Cutter and/or tool holder are supported on to impact on bolt and make to impact bolt when surpassing minimum thrust against impact direction and overcome spring force and move to impact position from neutral.If cutter is stopped by workpiece, impacting so bolt and cutter and/or tool holder can move backwards in neutral by spring force.Preferably described at least one take element and be arranged for to transmit and impact the bolt position to be transformed into impact from free-runing operation in service in order to make to impact bolt, vice versa." coupling regularly " especially is appreciated that, takes element and seamlessly be bearing on impact direction in beater mechanism and impact on bolt in the state of a running ready ground installation in context." gapless " especially be appreciated that in context, takes elements relative and be limited in 1mm, preferably be less than 0.5mm, particularly preferably be less than 0.1mm by taking the supporting of element on the impact bolt in impacting the relative motion of bolt on impact direction.Particularly preferably, taking element can be arranged for along impacting on bolt with against impact direction, power being applied to.Impacting the bolt position can be passed especially reliably.This can save parts, especially saves and is impacting bolt and taking the drive disk assembly of arranging between element, for example the backstop sleeve.The stop surface for the backstop sleeve on the backstop bolt can be removed.The manufacture of impact bolt, especially impacting the outline of bolt can be simplified.The quality of impacting bolt can be large especially.Impact bolt and can pass on extra high impulse.Impact the bolt position can by described at least one take element and pass on along impact direction with against impact direction.Power can by impact bolt by take element along with against impact direction, pass on.Impact bolt can along with against impact direction by taking the element support.

Also suggestion, impact bolt and have at least one and take the driving wheel exterior feature, and at least one is taken element and directly is bearing in this and takes on the driving wheel exterior feature, and it is arranged for and is parallel to impact direction and drives at least one and take element." take the driving wheel exterior feature " and especially be appreciated that a support contour in context, it be arranged at least along with take element against the impact direction supporting." directly " especially is appreciated that to take driving wheel wide and take the direct Mechanical Contact between the surface of element in context.Take the driving wheel exterior feature and preferably be constructed to impact the dead slot in bolt.Preferably, take element and have an outline, it allows to be inserted into takes in the driving wheel exterior feature, thereby takes element at least along impacting on bolt with seamlessly being bearing in against impact direction.Preferably, take element and be constructed to bolt.Preferably take the driving wheel exterior feature and be constructed to mating holes.Taking element can shape be bearing on the impact bolt in locking manner.This supporting can be reliable especially.The power of taking element and impacting between bolt can be passed reliably.Particularly preferably, the driving wheel exterior feature of taking that is constructed to mating holes is constructed to blind hole.The maximum insertion depth of taking element can limit by blind hole.For the boss of limited inserting depth, can be removed taking on element.Taking element can form especially simply, especially is constructed to the cylinder bolt.Preferably impact bolt and there are a plurality of driving wheel exterior features of taking, particularly preferably take the driving wheel exterior feature for two.Preferably beater mechanism has a plurality of elements of taking, particularly preferably two.Particularly preferably each is taken one of the wide supporting of driving wheel and takes element.Take the driving wheel exterior feature and take element and can form especially simply.Impacting bolt position and power can be passed on respect to the axis of symmetry pointed on impact direction that impacts bolt symmetrically by impacting bolt.

Suggestion, take the driving wheel exterior feature and form integratedly with the impact bolt.Particularly preferably, impact bolt and take the driving wheel exterior feature and made by parts.Other, form and to take the parts of driving wheel exterior feature, especially bearing sleeve and can be removed.Impacting bolt can be reliable especially and/or with low cost with the coupling of taking element.

Suggestion, described at least one take element and be arranged for impact bolt position is delivered on control sleeve and/or a spacer sleeve." control sleeve " especially is appreciated that the parts of an encirclement impact tube in context, and it is arranged for and makes beater mechanism at free-runing operation and impact conversion between operation.In particular, control sleeve and can be arranged for release idle running opening in neutral, the idle running opening makes the space ventilator joined with impactor, and this space is arranged for impact device on-load pressure.The pressure-loaded of impactor can at least be reduced in free-runing operation and the impactor motion at least is reduced.The idle running opening preferably is arranged in the hammer pipe.Preferably the idle running opening is arranged on a side that deviates from impact direction of impactor in the hammer pipe.Preferably the control sleeve is arranged for and covers and at least basically seal the idle running opening in impact position." at least basically " especially is appreciated that in context flow cross section reduce to surpass 90%, preferably surpasses 95%, particularly preferably surpasses 99%.Impacting the bolt position can effectively impact bolt at free-runing operation and impact conversion between operation for making." spacer sleeve " especially is appreciated that in context is arranged on parts of controlling the sleeve front on impact direction, and these parts are arranged for impact bolt position is delivered to the control sleeve from taking element.Spacer sleeve can with control sleeve directly or preferably indirectly be connected by other parts.Preferably spacer sleeve and control between sleeve can be basically transmission of pressure and/or carry out damping in the power transmission only.Controlling sleeve can be effectively protected in order to avoid transship and/or damage by the power by impacting the bolt transmission.

Also advise that is arranged on a damping element of taking before element on impact direction, it is arranged for damping and impacts the recoil of bolt and hit." recoil is hit " of impacting bolt especially is appreciated that impacting bolt is hit by the cutter recoil.After impacting when bolt is impacting on cutter and by its part energy, having outputed on cutter and recoiled by cutter, occur that recoil hits.Impacting bolt now can be against the impact direction motion until the next impulse impacted on bolt that is applied to by impactor.Impacting bolt moves through and takes the element transmission against this of impact direction.On impact direction, be arranged in take the element back damping element effectively damping recoil hit.Especially damping element can reduce the anti-transmission impacted on other parts of controlling sleeve and/or beater mechanism.Vibration can be avoided.Operation comfort can be enhanced.Noise emission can be reduced.Wearing and tearing can be reduced.Damping element can preferably be made by a kind of elastomeric material at least in part.

Suggestion, the damping element hit for the damping recoil is arranged in spacer sleeve and controls between sleeve.Particularly preferably, damping element is constructed to spacer sleeve and controls the annular element between sleeve.Preferably, damping element surrounds the hammer pipe.Particularly preferably, damping element is constructed to elastomeric ring.Damping element counter the impacting of damping is effectively controlled passing on sleeve.

Also advise that is arranged in a damping element of taking the element back on impact direction, it is arranged for the damping impactor and impacts to the sky impacted on bolt." the empty impact " especially is appreciated that in context impactor is in the impact of impacting on bolt, and this impact is carried out and/or carried out when cutter is not forced into or only be pressed onto insufficiently on workpiece in free-runing operation.Empty impact can especially just be carried out when from impact, running to the transition free-runing operation.Before the impactor motion at least is reduced in free-runing operation, impactor can still occur repeatedly in this transition on the impact bolt.In idle running, cutter is not or only is supported on cutter rarely.Cutter accelerates on impact direction, until this backstop that moves through tool holder is limited.This backstop has stoped, and cutter and/or tool holder fly out from hammer drill and/or jump bit in sky impacts.Backstop can preferably limit the energy that impacts the motion of bolt on impact direction and will impact bolt and be directed on hammer drill and/or jump bit.Being arranged on the damping element of taking the element back on impact direction can be arranged for the sky impact of damping impact bolt and the energy of sky impact is transferred on hammer drill and/or jump bit.The energy that preferably damping element impacts sky is delivered on the beater mechanism housing of a supporting hammer pipe.Empty impact can be effectively damped.The damage of impacting by sky can be avoided.The empty power stream impacted can be short especially.Beater mechanism can be firm especially.

Also suggestion, spacer sleeve in the impact direction upper support for the empty damping element impacted of damping.Preferably, damping element is made by elastomeric material at least in part.Empty impact can be transferred to damping element by spacer sleeve via taking element from impacting bolt effectively.The control sleeve protected sky of avoiding effectively impacts.

Also suggestion, can be in the impact direction upper support at the beater mechanism housing for the empty damping element impacted of damping.Preferably a backstop on the beater mechanism housing is arranged on for the empty damping element front of impacting of damping on impact direction.Can effectively sky be impacted and be transferred to the beater mechanism housing for the empty damping element impacted of damping.Other parts can protectedly be avoided empty and impact.Can be direct especially for sky is impacted to the power stream be directed to the beater mechanism housing from the impact bolt.In particular, empty impact can be drawn out to the beater mechanism housing from impacting bolt by a small amount of parts, especially by taking element, spacer sleeve, for empty damping element and the bracing or strutting arrangement of damping element on the beater mechanism housing impacted of damping.

Also advise a toolroom machine with described beater mechanism.This toolroom machine can have the described advantage of beater mechanism.

The accompanying drawing explanation

Other advantage is provided by following accompanying drawing explanation.Two embodiment of the present invention shown in the drawings.Accompanying drawing, specification and claim combine and contain a large amount of features.The technical staff on purpose also considers individually these features and is combined into significant other combination.It illustrates:

Fig. 1 illustrates the schematic diagram of the part with beater mechanism of taking element, and this is taken, and element is parallel to impact direction and the impact bolt is coupled regularly; With

Fig. 2 illustrates the schematic diagram of the part with beater mechanism of taking element in a second embodiment, and this is taken, and element is parallel to impact direction and the impact bolt is coupled regularly.

The specific embodiment

Fig. 1 illustrates the schematic diagram of a part of the beater mechanism 10a of a hammer drill and/or jump bit 12a, have one impact bolt 14a and two for transmit impact the bolt position take element 16a.Beater mechanism 10a is constructed to pneumatic beater mechanism.Such beater mechanism is known for technicians on its 26S Proteasome Structure and Function.Impactor 30a is bearing in movingly along impact direction 18a and against impact direction 18a in hammer pipe 34a.A piston that here be not shown specifically, that driven by radial gear is in being arranged to equally be bearing in movingly hammer pipe 34a on the side that deviates from impact direction 18a of impactor 30a.Piston causes a compression that is enclosed in the discharge chambe 36a between impactor 30a and piston in hammer pipe 34a in the motion along impact direction 18a, thereby impactor 30a accelerates towards the direction of impacting bolt 14a on impact direction 18a.In the time of on striking impact bolt 14a, impactor 30a is transferred to impulse on this impact bolt.Piston is now against impact direction 18a motion, thus impactor 30a hits by the recoil of impacting bolt 14a and discharge chambe 36a in by piston movement, the pressure with respect to the pressure drop in the impulse chamber 38a impacting between bolt 14a and impactor 30a in being arranged on hammer pipe 34a back moves against impact direction 18a.This process periodically repeats at the impact run duration, thereby impactor 30a repeatedly is applied to impulse on impact bolt 14a.Impacting bolt 14a is bearing in tool holder 40a with hammer pipe 40a coaxially movingly; Tool holder 40a is bearing in regularly in hammer pipe 34a on impact direction 18a.On impact direction 18a, impacting during bolt 14a back user can be clamped to tool holder 40a by cutter 42a.There is idle running opening 36a in the hammer pipe zone of 34a between impactor 30a and piston.If these idle running openings are opened, the pressure compensation of the surrounding environment of discharge chambe 36a and beater mechanism 10a occurs so, thereby impactor 30a does not pass through or only accelerates by piston movement rarely.The hammer pipe is controlled sleeve 22a by one and is surrounded.Control sleeve 22a along hammering into shape on pipe 34a with being bearing in movingly against impact direction 18a.Spring element 48a is supported on a backstop 52a who is arranged in idle running opening 44a front on impact direction 18a and is controlling on sleeve 22a and a spring force 50a is applied to along impact direction 18a in its opposed end upper support and controlling on sleeve 22a.Control sleeve 22a is arranged at one in impact direction 18a upper support on the damping element 26a that is constructed to damping ring that controls sleeve 22a back on impact direction 18a.Damping element 26a is arranged on the spacer sleeve 24a of damping element 26a back at one in impact direction 18a upper support on impact direction 18a.Damping element 26a is arranged in spacer sleeve 24a and controls between sleeve 22a.Spacer sleeve 24a have two mating holes 54a and with two be constructed to columniform take bolt be parallel to impact direction 18a take element 16a along with against impact direction 18a regularly with impact bolt 14a coupling.Impact bolt 14a and there are two and take the wide 20a of driving wheel, take on the driving wheel exterior feature directly supporting at these and take element 16a, and they are arranged for and are parallel to impact direction 18a drive and take element 16.Take the wide 20a of driving wheel and form integratedly and be constructed to mating holes with impact bolt 14a, these mating holes are constructed to blind hole.A retaining ring 58a surrounds spacer sleeve 24a and will take element 16a and is fixed in mating holes 54a.Taking element 16a is arranged for thus and impact bolt position is delivered to spacer sleeve 24a and controls on sleeve 22a.

Spring element 48a moves damping element 26a, spacer sleeve 24a and takes element 16a until backstop profile 56a(Fig. 1 of tool holder 40a, Lower Half via controlling sleeve 22a by spring force 50a).In this neutral 64a, idle running opening 44a is opened and beater mechanism 10a is arranged in free-runing operation.

If hammer drill and jump bit 12a are pressed against on a workpiece be not shown specifically at this with cutter 42a by the user, overcoming spring force 50a along the cutter 42a with supporting movingly against impact direction 18a so in tool holder 40a moves and impacts bolt 14a and take element 16a, spacer sleeve 24a, damping element 26a and control sleeve 22a against impact direction 18a, arrive backstop 52a(Fig. 1, the first half until control sleeve 22a).In this impact position 66a, control sleeve 22a and cover now idle running opening 44a, thereby piston can in discharge chambe 36a, produce pressure and impactor 30a can be accelerated by pressure-loaded.Beater mechanism 10a is positioned at now and impacts in service and that impulse is applied to cutter 42a is upper, if piston by radial gear the driven words of frequency of impact with license.

Damping element 26a is arranged for the recoil of damping impact bolt 14a and hits.If impact bolt 14a, after one-shot, by cutter 42a, against impact direction 18a, clashed into, this recoil is hit by taking element 16a and is transferred on spacer sleeve 24a so.Damping element 26a hits this recoil to be transferred to damping mode and controls sleeve 22a above and protect the control sleeve to avoid damaging and avoiding vibration.Following explanation and the accompanying drawing of a kind of other embodiment are limited to the difference between these embodiment basically, wherein, about the parts that remain unchanged, especially basically also can be with reference to accompanying drawing and/or the explanation of other embodiment about the parts with same reference numerals.In order to distinguish these embodiment, the alphabetical a that replaces the first embodiment adds the alphabetical b of the second embodiment.

Fig. 2 illustrates the schematic diagram of a part of the beater mechanism 10b of hammer drill in the second embodiment and/or jump bit 12b, have one impact bolt 14b and two for transmit impact the bolt position take element 16b.The difference of beater mechanism 10b and the first embodiment especially one be arranged in the damping element 28b that takes element 16b back on impact direction 18b, it is arranged for damping impactor 30 and impacts at the sky impacted on bolt 14b.If cutter 42b is not forced on workpiece or only and is pressed onto on workpiece with not enough pressure, cutter is dodged and is impacted the impulse of bolt 14b along impact direction so.In order to make to impact bolt 14b, stop, the impact energy of impacting bolt must be exported.A beater mechanism housing 32b who surrounds hammer pipe 34b has one by the fixing backstop dish 60b of relieving ring 62b.Between this backstop dish 60b and a spacer sleeve 24b, the damping element 28b that is configured to damping ring is set.Spacer sleeve 24b in the impact direction upper support for the empty damping element 28b impacted of damping.For damping, the empty damping element 28b impacted is supported on beater mechanism housing 32b by backstop dish 60b on impact direction 18b.Impact bolt 14b above if impactor 30b strikes, it moves on impact direction 18b so.If cutter 42b impact bolt 14b does not have reaction or only has very little resistance, impact so that bolt 14b can move on impact direction and spacer sleeve 24b moves on impact direction along with impacting bolt.If the distance between spacer sleeve 24b and backstop dish 60b is less than damping element 28b expansion in unloaded state on impact direction 18b, so this damping element 28b between spacer sleeve 24b and backstop dish 60b flexibly distortion and on spacer sleeve 24b, apply one with the counteractive reset force of impact direction 18b.Damping element 28b impact bolt 14b brakes and in the mode that is subject to damping, impulse is outputed on beater mechanism housing 32b.Impacting the hard hit of bolt 14b on the backstop profile 56b of tool holder 40b hits and can be avoided.Impact bolt 14b and there is parts and the short especially distance that quantity is few especially by taking element 16b, spacer sleeve 24b, damping element 28b, backstop dish 60b, relieving ring 62b to the power stream of beater mechanism housing 32b.This power stream is passed on especially reliably.

Claims

Beater mechanism, in particular for hammer drill and/or jump bit (12a, b) beater mechanism, having one impacts bolt (14a, b) and at least one and takes element (16a, b) for what transmit impact bolt position, it is characterized in that, described at least one take element (16a, b) be parallel to impact direction (18a, b) along with against impact direction (18a, b) with described impact bolt (14a, b), be coupled regularly.
2. beater mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described impact bolt (14a, b) there is at least one and take driving wheel exterior feature (20a, b), described, take on the driving wheel exterior feature directly supporting at least one takes element (16a, b), and the described driving wheel exterior feature of taking is arranged for and is parallel to impact direction (18a, b) and drives at least one and take element (16a, b).
3. beater mechanism according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described at least one take driving wheel exterior feature (20a, b) and described impact bolt (14a, b) and implement integratedly.
4. according to the described beater mechanism of any one of the preceding claims, it is characterized in that, described at least one take element (16a, b) and be arranged for and impact bolt position is delivered to one controls sleeve (22a, b) and/or on a spacer sleeve (24a, b).
5. according to the described beater mechanism of any one of the preceding claims, it is characterized in that, be provided with one at impact direction (18a, b) on, be arranged in described at least one take element (16a, b) damping element (26a of front, b), the recoil that described damping element is arranged for the described impact bolt of damping (14a, b) is hit.
6. beater mechanism according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the damping element (26a, b) hit for the damping recoil is arranged between a spacer sleeve (24a, b) and a control sleeve (22a, b).
7. according to the described beater mechanism of any one of the preceding claims, it is characterized in that, be provided with one on impact direction (18b), be arranged in described at least one take the damping element (28b) of element (16b) back, it is arranged for the sky of an impactor of damping (30b) on described impact bolt (14b) and impacts.
8. beater mechanism according to claim 7, is characterized in that, a spacer sleeve (24b) in impact direction (18b) upper support for the empty damping element (28b) impacted of damping.
9. beater mechanism at least according to claim 7, is characterized in that, for the empty damping element (28b) impacted of damping in impact direction (18b) upper support at a beater mechanism housing (32b).
10. toolroom machine, especially hammer drill and/or jump bit, have according to the described beater mechanism of any one of the preceding claims.