CN103475719B - The content distribution method that in a kind of CDN-P2P UNE, cross-domain flow rate minimizes - Google Patents
The content distribution method that in a kind of CDN-P2P UNE, cross-domain flow rate minimizes Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention proposes the content distribution method that in a kind of CDN P2P UNE, cross-domain flow rate minimizes, the network scenarios that the method relates to includes CDN replica server, CDN content caching server, the local tracker server set up by ISP, that is, Loc tracker server and user node.The method be the topology information collected by Loc tracker server be foundation, such as link delay, link cost, cross operator number etc., calculate and choose the minimum path of transmission cost and node, control content distribution totle drilling cost, thus promote server to choose the same ISP domain interior nodes that transmission cost is less, reach to optimize the purpose chosen of node.Loc tracker server is used for managing the node in this ISP domain and CDN content caching server.Exchange information in P2P mode between Loc tracker server, form overlay network.The present invention can effectively reduce the generation of cross-domain flow rate, reduces the operation cost of network, alleviates the waste of backbone bandwidth resource, improves content distribution efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The field of the present invention relates to is communication technical field, be specifically related to a kind of CDN-P2P merge in content distributing network across
The optimal control method of territory flow.
Background technology
CDN (Content Distribution Network) network and P2P (peer-to-peer) network are
Popular content distribution techniques, but both there is many defects, the reliability of CDN is high, but autgmentability is poor, it is difficult to fundamentally
Improve distribution efficiency, and the extended capability of P2P is strong, but poor stability, easily cause backbone network congested.Therefore by CDN and P2P
Technology merges, on the one hand can self defect complementary, CDN or P2P conventional architectures is transformed, on the one hand also can
The extended capability and the reliability of CDN, the manageability that make P2P mutually make up perfect adaptation.Therefore CDN-P2P merges content distribution
Network is a content distribution platform having manageability, high scalability, high reliability concurrently, he not only combine CDN and
The advantage of both P2P networks, and also overcome the deficiency of the two.Therefore the most feasible content distribution techniques is become,
Being the focus of content distribution techniques research field in recent years, the application of this technology also can make the distribution efficiency of content distributing network more
Step to a new level.
Fig. 1 is existing CDN-P2P network architecture schematic diagram, and this network architecture is mainly made up of 3 parts, including: center
Server 1, several Edge Servers 2, several P2P user domain 3.Wherein, central server 1 and several Edge Servers
Can directly exchange information between 2, each Edge Server 2 can be straight with the peer node in neighbouring P2P user domain 3
The exchange information connect, can directly exchange information between the peer node in same user P2P territory 3.Central server 1 is deposited
Having stored up all of content, and be responsible for content distribution and the management of whole network, Edge Server 2 is distributed in the edge of network, slow
Deposit partial content, the main user's request being responsible in local load balancing and response proximal subscribers P2P territory.
In current CDN-P2P UNE, the selection of optimum node is based on random algorithm, and the selection range of node is non-
Chang Guang, does not has any regionality, and the peer of P2P application selects to set up on cascade net, it is impossible to consider in physical network
The utilization power of the resources such as annexation and bandwidth.The most irrational cross-domain flow rate is flooded with whole network, consumes huge
The network bandwidth, make network infrastructure can't bear the heavy load, the cross-domain cost of ISP improves constantly.For a large amount of ISP cross-domain flow rate pair
The consume of ISP network infrastructure, operator takes the multiple close measures such as block port, traffic shaping, bandwidth control, draws
Rising and download overlong time, user satisfaction such as is decreased obviously at the problem, and CDN-P2P UNE user also takes corresponding measure
Counter block, present the opposition state between a kind of user and ISP, had a strong impact on the development of internet.
In order to preferably improve the distribution efficiency merging content distributing network, the present invention proposes a kind of based on Loc-
The UNE content distribution method of tracker server, main thought is to reduce cross-domain flow rate by control transmission cost
Generation.
Summary of the invention
Being directed to above-mentioned technological deficiency, the present invention provides the CDN-P2P UNE content distribution side that a kind of ISP is friendly
Method, for reducing the generation of the cross-domain flow rate between ISP, alleviates the bandwidth resources waste of backbone network, improves content distribution efficiency,
Reduce access delay, reduce operation cost.
In order to achieve the above object, the content that during the present invention provides a kind of CDN-P2P UNE, cross-domain flow rate minimizes
Distribution method, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) network scenarios of the CDN-P2P content distribution method realizing ISP close friend is set；
(2) list structure and the function of Loc-tracker server are set；
(3) Optimized model that both candidate nodes is chosen and choosing method are set；
(4) cooperation mode of CDN content caching server and Loc-tracker server is set；Wherein,
In step 1, network scenarios includes CDN replica server, CDN content caching server, this locality of being set up by ISP
Tracker server, i.e. Loc-tracker server and user node；
In step 2, Loc-tracker server runs in the way of Tracker agency, builds and safeguard candidate list,
Two lists can be safeguarded in each Loc-tracker server, be respectively used to safeguard the node in this ISP of one's respective area and its
His external node, Loc-tracker server can carry out sensing network topology by obtaining the topology information in border routing
Changing, Loc-tracker server can actively collect the local nodal information with ISP, and the information of other external nodes is by other
Loc-tracker server provides；
In step 3, Optimized model need to meet following condition:
A. the maximum limited in ISP number is less than equal to network；
B. chain-circuit time delay is less than the maximum that may wait for duration equal to user in network；
C. jumping figure need to be less than or equal to the maximum of procotol defined；
Choosing method is as follows: when in certain ISP domain, certain user has content data request, and this user can be in this ISP domain
Loc-tracker server sends inquiry request, to inquire which user node is its institute's request content data have to provide,
After receiving request, Loc-tracker server can select the node meeting Optimized model in two lists according to request content,
Constitute candidate list；When these nodes returned can not meet the content requests of user when, user can be to Loc-tracker
Server initiates second time request, and after Loc-tracker server receives second time request, server can be to other
Loc-tracker server carries out inquiring searching node in other ISP regions；When needs carry out request of data across ISP
Waiting, the request of user can be sent to the Loc-tracker in other ISP domain via the Loc-tracker server in this ISP domain
Server inquiry request data；
In step 4, the CDN content caching server being positioned at each ISP domain can be as special user's node for depositing
Putting wave file and be available for other users download, the same with common user node, CDN content caching server equally can be by institute
Information containing content is sent to the Loc-tracker server in same ISP or nearest ISP, when user asks to arrive, and Loc-
Tracker server directs the user to CDN content caching server according to current network state and carries out content requests, works as request
User to the path status of CDN content caching server be congested time, in Loc-tracker server will not guide user to arrive
Holding caching server and carry out content requests, it will return to some time delays of user shorter, the node that transmission total cost is relatively low, if please
Ask user not occur congested to the path of CDN content caching server, and transmission total cost all meets Optimized model with time delay
If, Loc-tracker server will guide user to carry out request of data to CDN content caching server.
Further, described CDN replica server is connected with Tree structure with described CDN content caching server, described
Loc-tracker server is to be arranged by the ISP of affiliated area, and affiliated area in described Loc-tracker server admin
Interior user and CDN content caching server, the Loc-tracker server in different ISP exchanges data, structure in P2P mode
Become a P2P overlay network being made up of Loc-tracker server.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 CDN-P2P network architecture schematic diagram；
The CDN-P2P UNE content distribution method network scenarios figure that Fig. 2 ISP is friendly；
Fig. 3 Loc-tracker server list constitutes schematic diagram；
Detailed description of the invention
In order to be able to be better described the course of work of the present invention, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings its specific implementation process is explained in detail
State.
(1) CDN-P2P content distribution method scene graph friendly for design ISP: as it is shown in figure 1, mainly wrap in network scenarios
Include CDN replica server, CDN content caching server, local tracker server (the referred to as Loc-that set up by ISP
Tracker server) and user node.CDN replica server is connected with Tree structure with CDN content caching server, Loc-
Tracker server is to be arranged by the ISP of affiliated area, and the user in affiliated area in Loc-tracker server admin
With CDN content caching server.Loc-tracker server in different ISP exchanges data in P2P mode, constitute one by
The P2P overlay network of Loc-tracker server composition.
(2) Loc-tracker server list structure and function are set: Loc-tracker server is acted on behalf of with Tracker
Mode run, build and safeguard candidate list.Two lists can be safeguarded, such as Fig. 2 in each Loc-tracker server
Shown first list is for safeguarding that the node in this ISP of one's respective area, second list are used for safeguarding other external nodes.Loc-
Tracker server can carry out the change of sensing network topology by obtaining the topology information in border routing.Loc-tracker
Server can actively collect the local nodal information with ISP, between record node across ISP number, link cost, chain-circuit time delay
With the information such as jumping figure, the information of other external nodes is provided by other Loc-tracker servers.Different Loc-tracker
Server constitutes overlay network, and in overlay network, these Loc-tracker servers periodically can carry out data in the way of P2P
Exchange.When there being user to initiate content data request, Loc-tracker server can filter out one group of both candidate nodes and feed back to use
Family, these both candidate nodes need to meet Optimized model.
(3) Optimized model of the optimum node selection of design and choosing method:
Optimized model is as follows:
Assume in network that specific discharge is A across the expense that an ISP produces.Node v0To node vhExchange data time institute warp
The shortest path gone through is p=< v0,v1..., vh>, in the p of path, the number across ISP is xp, the flow on the p of path is Dp, jumping figure
For hp, a width of b (p) of band of the minimum on the p of path.
By node v0To node vhOn the p of path, produced totle drilling cost is:
At transmission DpPath delay required during the data block of size is:
Load/path minimum bandwidth=
Loc-tracker server carries out the screening of peer node when, it is desirable to have three condition restrictive conditions, selected
The node gone out must is fulfilled for three conditions, as follows:
This value of maximum Mn(limited in ISP number is less than equal to network can be set according to network structure, example
It is less than equal to 2 as node span ISP number can be limited)；
Chain-circuit time delay is less than and may wait for maximum Mt(of duration equal to user in network and such as can limit chain-circuit time delay and need
Less than or equal to 6 seconds)；
Jumping figure such as need to can limit jumping figure maximum hop count less than or equal to maximum Mh(of procotol defined and be less than or equal to
15 jump).
If a shared file K is divided into N number of data block, user at most need to send out to N number of node for obtaining whole piecemeals
Send content requests.Three conditions of summary when N bar link is taken into account, the minimum one-tenth of entire content distribution procedure
This function can be converted into the solution of an optimization problem, and optimization problem (i.e. Optimized model) is as follows:
All nodes comprising file K piecemeal meet the node v of Optimized modelij, it is simply that by Loc-tracker server
The both candidate nodes selected.Most of expense owing to paying required for operator in transmitting procedure is to be to produce across ISP domain
, the method therefore limited total cost can improve local with the node hit rate in ISP, thus reduce and flow across ISP
The generation of amount.
Optimum node selection method is as follows:
As it is shown on figure 3, when in certain ISP domain, certain user has content data request, this user first can be in this ISP domain
Loc-tracker server sends inquiry request, to inquire which peer node is its institute's request content data have to provide.Receiving
After request, Loc-tracker server can select the joint meeting Optimized model in list one, list two according to request content
Point vij, constitute candidate list.
(as downloaded the situations such as content is imperfect) when these nodes returned can not meet the content requests of user when,
User can initiate second time request to Loc-tracker server, receives second time at Loc-tracker server and asks it
After, these three condition can be relaxed by server successively to be found.As will be widened be less than across ISP number from less than or equal to 2
In 3, by that analogy.
When needs carry out request of data across ISP when, such as in a certain node in ISP1 needs to download in ISP2
Holding piecemeal, the process of choosing of both candidate nodes is: first this requesting node (need to be designated as to the Loc-tracker server in this territory
L1) send request, then sent inquiry request by L1 to the Loc-tracker server (being designated as L2) of ISP2.L2 can be according to row
The calculating of the optimized model of nodal information in table, filters out respective nodes composition candidate list and returns to L1.Finally this candidate
List can be sent to ask user via L1.
(4) the CDN content caching server set in specifically includes following with the cooperation mode of Loc-tracker server
Content: the CDN content caching server being positioned at each ISP domain can be counted as a special peer, and this is special
Peer is used for depositing wave file and being available for other users downloading.As common peer, CDN content caching server is same
The information of contained content can be sent to the Loc-tracker server in same ISP or nearest ISP, and information record is in list one
In.When user asks to arrive, Loc-tracker server can direct the user to CDN content according to current network state
Caching server carries out content requests.When the path status of request user to CDN is congested, Loc-tracker server will
User will not be guided to carry out content requests to content caching server, it will return to some time delays of user shorter, transmit total expense
With relatively low node, if asking user not occur congested to the path of CDN content caching server, and transmit total cost and prolong
Time all meet Optimized model if, Loc-tracker server will guide user to carry out data to CDN content caching server
Request.
The present invention utilizes designed fusion content distribution method based on Loc-tracker server to be distributed by control
Cost, strengthens the hit rate of local this ISP interior nodes, the mesh generating raising distribution efficiency reaching to reduce cross-domain flow rate with this
's.In the present invention, by optimal model, (the path expense that the optimum node chosen need to meet requesting node is minimum, across ISP
, the path delay of time individual less than equal to Mn jumps less than or equal to Mh less than or equal to Mt second, jumping figure) realize the control distributing cost, with this
Realize ensureing to improve while user's request is met the purpose of this ISP interior nodes hit rate, thus realize reducing across ISP
The generation of flow, reduces operation cost and the waste of backbone bandwidth resource, alleviates the pressure of infrastructure, improve
CDN-P2P merges the distribution efficiency of content distributing network.
Described above is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, it is impossible to limit the interest field of the present invention with this, according to
The equal change that scope of the present invention patent is done, still belongs to the scope that the present invention is contained.
Claims (2)
1. the content distribution method that in a CDN-P2P UNE, cross-domain flow rate minimizes, it is characterised in that the method includes
Following steps:
(1) network scenarios of the CDN-P2P content distribution method realizing ISP close friend is set；
(2) list structure and the function of Loc-tracker server are set；
(3) Optimized model that both candidate nodes is chosen and choosing method are set；
(4) cooperation mode of CDN content caching server and Loc-tracker server is set；Wherein,
In step 1, network scenarios includes CDN replica server, CDN content caching server, this locality of being set up by ISP
Tracker server, i.e. Loc-tracker server and user node；
In step 2, Loc-tracker server runs in the way of Tracker agency, builds and safeguard candidate list, often
Individual Loc-tracker server all can be safeguarded two lists, the node being respectively used to safeguard in this ISP of one's respective area and other outside
Portion's node, Loc-tracker server can carry out the change of sensing network topology by obtaining the topology information in border routing,
Loc-tracker server can actively collect the local nodal information with ISP, and the information of other external nodes is by other Loc-
Tracker server provides；
In step 3, Optimized model need to meet following condition:
A. the maximum limited in ISP number is less than equal to network；
B. chain-circuit time delay is less than the maximum that may wait for duration equal to user in network；
C. jumping figure need to be less than or equal to the maximum of procotol defined；
Choosing method is as follows: when in certain ISP domain, certain user has content data request, and this user can be to the Loc-in this ISP domain
Tracker server sends inquiry request, to inquire which user node is its institute's request content data have to provide, is receiving
After request, Loc-tracker server can select the node meeting Optimized model in two lists according to request content, constitutes
Candidate list；When these nodes returned can not meet the content requests of user when, user can service to Loc-tracker
Second time request initiated by device, and after Loc-tracker server receives second time request, server can be to other Loc-
Tracker server carries out inquiring searching node in other ISP regions；When needs carry out request of data across ISP when, use
The Loc-tracker service that the request at family can be sent in other ISP domain via the Loc-tracker server in this ISP domain
Device inquiry request data；
In step 4, the CDN content caching server being positioned at each ISP domain can be as special user's node for depositing pair
Presents is also available for other users download, the same with common user node, and CDN content caching server equally can be by contained interior
The information held is sent to the Loc-tracker server in same ISP or nearest ISP, when user asks to arrive, and Loc-
Tracker server directs the user to CDN content caching server according to current network state and carries out content requests, works as request
User to the path status of CDN content caching server be congested time, in Loc-tracker server will not guide user to arrive
Hold caching server and carry out content requests, it will return to some time delays of user shorter, the node that transmission total cost is relatively low；If Qing
Ask user not occur congested to the path of CDN content caching server, and transmission total cost all meets Optimized model with time delay
If, Loc-tracker server will guide user to carry out request of data to CDN content caching server.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described CDN replica server and described CDN content caching clothes
Business device connects with Tree structure, and described Loc-tracker server is to be arranged by the ISP of affiliated area, described Loc-
The user in affiliated area and CDN content caching server, the Loc-tracker in different ISP in tracker server admin
Server exchanges data in P2P mode, constitutes a P2P overlay network being made up of Loc-tracker server.
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| CN104717304B (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2018-04-03 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of CDN P2P content optimizations select system |
| US10320930B2 (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2019-06-11 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Method and system for providing network caches |
| CN106817356A (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2017-06-09 | 北京中投视讯文化传媒股份有限公司 | A kind of method and device of video playback flow Real-Time Scheduling |
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| CN105515880B (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2018-10-30 | 重庆邮电大学 | A kind of token bucket flow shaping method of suitable converged network |
| CN105812255B (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2021-05-11 | 网宿科技股份有限公司 | Method and device for selecting return source line |
| CN105847140A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-08-10 | 乐视控股（北京）有限公司 | File distribution task generation method and system |
| CN106790577A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-05-31 | 中国建设银行股份有限公司 | A kind of data transmission method and system |
| CN107222539B (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2020-03-13 | 西安交通大学 | Cache deployment method based on node competition delay cost model |
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| CN109474696B (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2020-05-08 | 北京邮电大学 | Network service method, device, electronic equipment and readable storage medium |
| TR201909549A2 (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-07-22 | Medianova Internet Hizmetleri Ve Ticaret Anonim Sirketi | Performance Enhanced CDN Service |
| CN110381129A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-10-25 | 北京比利信息技术有限公司 | - kind of the extension CDN system based on extension node |
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