CN103475409A - Method and device for switching visible light wireless communication reception of moving vehicles - Google Patents
Method and device for switching visible light wireless communication reception of moving vehicles Download PDFInfo
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- CN103475409A CN103475409A CN2013104013203A CN201310401320A CN103475409A CN 103475409 A CN103475409 A CN 103475409A CN 2013104013203 A CN2013104013203 A CN 2013104013203A CN 201310401320 A CN201310401320 A CN 201310401320A CN 103475409 A CN103475409 A CN 103475409A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for switching visible light wireless communication reception of moving vehicles. The method comprises the steps that when a signal overlapping coverage area exists between adjacent sending ends, a message source with strong signal switching power is selected to be communicated with the signal overlapping coverage area; when a signal overlapping coverage area does not exist between the adjacent sending ends, the uncovered distance between the adjacent sending ends is calculated; time for entering the next sending end coverage range is calculated; through calculation of the data size in the time period, a buffering space of the data size is reserved in a terminal, and therefore network disconnection is not instantly displayed during the time period. The method is applied to communication switching of the vehicles and road lamps, and communication between the vehicles and the road lamps is successfully guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of communications field, relate in particular to a kind of moving vehicle visible ray radio communication and receive switching method and apparatus.
Background technology
Visible light communication (Visible Light Communication, VLC) is a kind of in the technical emerging light wireless communication technology grown up of white light LEDs.With traditional radio communication, with other light wireless communications, compare, visible light communication has without electromagnetic interference, energy savings, has illumination communication function one, the green advantage such as harmless concurrently, and visible VLC technology has great development prospect.
Outdoor VLC is applicable to the wireless short-range communication in intelligent transportation system (ITS, Intelligent Transportation Systems).The wireless short-range communication technology in ITS that is applied at present has WIFI, radio frequency etc.But these line short-range communication technique need to be installed extra specific wireless apparatus.Due to the constantly popularization and application in traffic system of the equipment such as LED traffic lights, LED street lamp, vehicle LED headlamp, thereby VLC progressively is applied in ITS.And VLC applies in ITS, do not need again to drop into extra wireless device construction, can reduce costs, and VLC is high without electromagnetic interference, reliability.
In prior art one, after deliberation VLC apply to communicate by letter between vehicle and traffic lights, communicate by letter between vehicle and vehicle, and the equipment such as vehicle and traffic lights are formed to a network, realize the functions such as vehicle location, and communication distance reaches 15-20 rice, but just consider point-to-point communication.In prior art two, for the research of the switching aspect of indoor VLC, but indoor environment is different from outdoor environment, and the interior space is little, does not exist complete no signal zone and recipient's translational speed to be far smaller than the speed of driving vehicle.Yet, in prior art, communicating by letter between moving vehicle and street lamp, be the communication of point-to-multipoint, communication disruption problem while therefore existing selection switching between multiple spot and signal not to cover.
Summary of the invention
While not covering in order to overcome the selection switching that exists at present between multiple spot and signal, the communication disruption problem, not the present invention proposes a kind of visible ray radio communication and receive switching method and apparatus.
The present invention proposes a kind of visible ray radio communication and receive changing method, comprising:
When between the adjacent transmission end during no signal overlay area, calculate unlapped distance between the adjacent transmission end;
Calculating enters the time before next transmitting terminal coverage;
By calculating the data volume in the described time, allow terminal reserve so large cushion space, guarantee during this period of time to be unlikely to display network immediately and disconnect.
Further, in said method, calculate unlapped distance between the adjacent transmission end, calculating enters the time before next transmitting terminal coverage, be specially: between described adjacent transmission end, unlapped distance is L, and the distance between the adjacent transmission end is D, and the LED equal altitudes is H, maximum emission angle is 60 °, and L is:
if the speed that receiving terminal advances is v, entering so the front time of next transmitting terminal coverage is t,
Further, in said method, also comprise: when between the adjacent transmission end, having the signal overlap overlay area, signal is divided into to four class set: Candidate Set, Neighbor Set, residual set and Active Set; Described signal is joined to Neighbor Set, when the intensity of this signal is greater than signal detecting threshold, terminal is just put into Candidate Set by this signal, along with terminal moves on, when in two base stations, the signal strength signal intensity of one party has been removed thresholding lower than signal, at this moment startup is removed the signal timing and is started to clock, and each signal in Candidate Set is retained to one and remove the signal timing; When timing finishes, if original signal removes thresholding lower than signal all the time, this signal is put into to Neighbor Set from Active Set among, then again upgrade Active Set and Neighbor Set, from Candidate Set, select a suitable signal to reconnect and start communication.
Further, in said method, also comprise: setting current transmitting terminal is p in the received power of certain point
r1, p
r1can be expressed as,
wherein ψ is incidence angle, p
tfor transmitting power, h is LED street lamp height; If next transmitting terminal is p in the received power of this point
r2, p
r2can be expressed as,
ψ incidence angle wherein, p
tfor transmitting power, h is LED street lamp height, and d is the horizontal range between two adjacent street lamps; When definite next signal is stablized, introduce a timer, for guaranteeing the next signal that receives, whether stablize; This timer computing time
wherein v is the speed that receiving terminal moves, and the distance dependent λ between two transmitting terminals of d is the constant between 0-1.
The present invention proposes a kind of moving vehicle visible ray radio communication and receive switching device shifter, comprising: the bank switching module, for when between the adjacent transmission end during no signal overlay area, unlapped distance between calculating adjacent transmission end; Calculating enters the time before next transmitting terminal coverage; By calculating the data volume in the described time, allow terminal reserve so large cushion space, guarantee during this period of time to be unlikely to display network immediately and disconnect.
Further, the visible ray radio communication receives switching device shifter, also comprises: select handover module, for when between the adjacent transmission end, having the signal overlap overlay area, signal is divided into to four class set: Candidate Set, Neighbor Set, residual set and Active Set; Described signal is joined to Neighbor Set, when the intensity of this signal is greater than signal detecting threshold, terminal is just put into Candidate Set by this signal, along with terminal moves on, when in two base stations, the signal strength signal intensity of one party has been removed thresholding lower than signal, at this moment startup is removed the signal timing and is started to clock, and each signal in Candidate Set is retained to one and remove the signal timing; When timing finishes, if original signal removes thresholding lower than signal all the time, this signal is put into to Neighbor Set from Active Set among, then again upgrade Active Set and Neighbor Set, from Candidate Set, select a suitable signal to reconnect and start communication.
By the invention described above, two kinds of RSP(Receiving Signal Power received signal powers have been proposed) handover scheme, and apply between vehicle and street lamp communicate by letter switching, successfully ensured communicating by letter between vehicle and street lamp.In the situation that there is not signal coverage areas between adjacent street lamp, adopt the RSP bank switching, guarantee seamless link between moving vehicle and street lamp, have the situation of signal overlap overlay area between adjacent two street lamps in, adopted RSP to select switching, can reduce the error rate of communication, improve communication quality.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the LED road lamp wireless traffic model schematic diagram that has signal overlap in the embodiment of the present invention between adjacent street lamp;
Fig. 2 is the LED road lamp wireless traffic model schematic diagram that in the embodiment of the present invention, between adjacent street lamp, no signal covers;
The schematic diagram that Fig. 3 is the LED street lamp direct projection line-of-sight channel in the embodiment of the present invention;
The schematic diagram that Fig. 4 is the overlapping LED street lamp of the no signal in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 has a signal overlap LED street lamp schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is elaborated:
In the VCL system, the LED street lamp is similar is base station one by one, and the carrier signal of transmission is that its illumination zone is exactly its signal cover by the visible ray of LED street lamp emission, and the directivity of visible ray is very strong, along straightline propagation.Driving vehicle and street lamp communicate, and the LED street lamp is as signal sending end, and vehicle is as signal receiving end, and both communicate by visible ray, and what affect performance is mainly direct light, in the process of calculating received power, will ignore irreflexive impact.
According to these characteristics, moving vehicle is communicated by letter with the LED street lamp and can be had two kinds of situations, two kinds of situations of between embodiment of the present invention moving vehicle and LED street lamp, communicating by letter and existing, as shown in Figure 1, for the present invention's two street lamp compartments exist the moving vehicle of signal overlap overlay area and the schematic diagram of the scene between the LED street lamp, in this kind of situation, due to adjacent street lamp close together, there is unlike signal, but the power of signal is along with the movement of vehicle is changing, in the meantime, exist the problem that stronger signal is selected and switched, driving vehicle is through out-of-date, can there be too small situation in a certain signal, at this moment can adopt RSP(Receiving Signal Power) select the powerful information source of switch selection signal power to establish a communications link with it.
Figure 2 shows that the moving vehicle in the zone that in the present invention, two street lamp compartments do not exist signal to cover and the schematic diagram of the scene between the LED street lamp, in this kind of situation, owing to not having signal to cover, now for vehicle, without any signal sending end, communicate connection, therefore have the problem that guarantees seamless link.If under signal can not coverage condition, driving vehicle is during through this highway section, and signal can interrupt, and we adopt RSP bank switching method to realize the seamless link of communication.Use RSP bank switching scheme while having the overlapping covering of signal power regional between the LED street lamp, propose reserved buffer memory and the information of transmitting in the disconnection process is first deposited into buffer memory and realized seamless link.
A plurality of LED street lamp power distribution situations are by the power distribution and constitution of single led street lamp, and single led street lamp is a kind of lambert's radiation model, if the LED transmitting power is P
t, in the transmitting terminal covering, the received power of any is:
P
r=H(0)P
t (1)
The direct sighting distance light DC current gain that wherein H (0) is channel.
By formula 1, calculate, the whole figure that can draw the received power size distribution presents coniform and discontinuous at boundary power, draw thus while when changing the time, being positioned at coverage, during the closer to transmitting terminal, signal power is larger, otherwise power is less, if, when this point exceeds the coverage border, its signal power all will be considered as 0.
Under the moving vehicle and the scene situation between the LED street lamp in the zone covered for two street lamp compartment no signals, can adopt RSP bank switching method.As shown in Figure 4, no signal overlay area between adjacent street lamp, when receiving terminal, when exiting the illumination covering, the interval between two continuous illumination lamps can affect the connection of communication, may disconnect server.Here can adopt RSP bank switching method, at first estimate unlapped distance between the adjacent transmission end, establish distance for L, the distance between the adjacent transmission end is D, and the LED equal altitudes is H, and maximum emission angle is 60 °, and L is:
If the speed that receiving terminal advances is v, entering so the front time of next transmitting terminal coverage is t,
By the data volume in estimating during this period of time, and allow terminal reserve so large cushion space, guarantee during this period of time to be unlikely to display network immediately and disconnect, or communication disruption.If average transmission rate is B.Reserved cushion space size G out is
While for two street lamp compartments, having the moving vehicle of signal overlap overlay area and the scene between the LED street lamp, can adopt RSP to select changing method, as shown in Figure 5, there is the zone of signal overlap in adjacent two transmitting terminals, select in this case a suitable emission to bring in to communicate just to seem particularly important, can adopt RSP to select changing method to select suitable transmitting terminal here.Should be the success rate selecting switching to have to improve switching, improve service quality, reduce the advantage such as power loss.
In the VLC system, adopt RSP to select switching, at first signal to be divided into to four class set: Candidate Set (CS), Neighbor Set (NS), residual set (RS), Active Set (AS).Next introduces three important parameters, is respectively that signal detecting threshold T_ADD, signal remove thresholding T_DROP, remove signal timer T_TDROP.
Shown in Fig. 5, moving vehicle is in the moving process of turning right, suppose that this receiving terminal communicates with first transmitting terminal, when entering signal is overlapping covered, receiving terminal scans another signal, at first this signal is joined to Neighbor Set (NS), when the intensity of this signal is greater than signal detecting threshold (T_ADD), terminal is just put into Candidate Set by this signal, along with terminal moves on, when in two base stations, the signal strength signal intensity of one party has been removed thresholding (T_DROP) lower than signal, at this moment startup is removed signal timing (T_TDROP) and is started to clock, each signal in Candidate Set is retained to a T_TDROP.When timing finishes, if original signal is all the time lower than T_DROP, among this signal is put into to Neighbor Set (NS) from Active Set, then again upgrade Active Set (AS) and Neighbor Set (NS), from Candidate Set, select a suitable signal to reconnect and start communication.
While adopt selecting handover scheme, most importantly to the calculating of two watt levels in overlapping region and at first suppose that current transmitting terminal is p in the received power of certain point
r1, p
r1can be expressed as:
Wherein ψ is incidence angle, p
tfor transmitting power, h is LED street lamp height.
If next transmitting terminal is p in the received power of this point
r2, p
r2can be expressed as:
Wherein ψ is incidence angle, p
tfor transmitting power, h is LED street lamp height, and d is the horizontal range between two adjacent street lamps.
Finally, when definite next signal is stablized, introduce a timer, whether stablize for guaranteeing the next signal that receives.Relevant apart from d between the speed v that the size of this timer T_TDROP computing time is moved by receiving terminal and two transmitting terminals.
It is wherein a constant between 0-1.
According to the method described above, LED street lamp actual parameter can be set: under outdoor conditions, now suppose between street lamp and street lamp it is that distance arranged and fixing, in as Fig. 4 situation, according to actual parameter, if the height of LED street lamp is 3m, its luminous power is 15w, and luminous flux is 1500lm, and beam angle is 60 °/120, the area of vehicle receiving terminal is 1cm2, and the distance between the LED street lamp is 15m.In as Fig. 5 situation, the distance between the LED street lamp is 8m, and other parameters are consistent with Fig. 4.
RSP bank switching cache size is calculated: when adopting RSP bank switching method, at first calculating the not distance between coverage is 4.6m.Known according to formula (3) (4), reserved cushion space size is with the speed relation that is inversely proportional to.According to the general travel speed of vehicle, selected velocity interval: 10m/s-25m/s.When speed is less, need enough large cushion space to deposit a large amount of bufferings.Along with the raising of speed, need reserved cushion space also to reduce thereupon.
According to the method described above, RSP can be set and select handoff parameter: when vehicle advances process from current location to next LED street lamp, incidence angle also changes thereupon, according to formula (5), the received power p under current street lamp
r1can diminish greatly along with the change of incidence angle ψ.And, according to formula (6), next transmitting terminal is at the received power p of this point
r2can become large greatly along with the change of incidence angle ψ.
Need constantly to monitor p in handoff procedure
r1, p
r2size variation, then two parameter T_ADD and T_DROP are arranged to suitable threshold value, according to the size of transmitting power, T_ADD is set to 3.63 * 10
-5w, T_DROP is set to 2.8 * 10
-5w.At first find p in last moving process
r2value be greater than T_ADD, and the timer timing arrives, and this signal is put into to Candidate Set, the more mobile p that finds
r1be less than T_DROP, start timing, while finishing at that time, if still be less than this value, disconnect, starting with power is p
r2signal connect.
The invention provides a kind of visible ray radio communication and receive switching device shifter, comprising: the bank switching module, for when between the adjacent transmission end during no signal overlay area, unlapped distance between calculating adjacent transmission end; Calculating enters the time before next transmitting terminal coverage; By calculating the data volume in the described time, allow terminal reserve so large cushion space, guarantee during this period of time to be unlikely to display network immediately and disconnect.Select handover module, for when between the adjacent transmission end, having the signal overlap overlay area, signal is divided into to four class set: Candidate Set, Neighbor Set, residual set and Active Set; Described signal is joined to Neighbor Set, when the intensity of this signal is greater than signal detecting threshold, terminal is just put into Candidate Set by this signal, along with terminal moves on, when in two base stations, the signal strength signal intensity of one party has been removed thresholding lower than signal, at this moment startup is removed the signal timing and is started to clock, and each signal in Candidate Set is retained to one and remove the signal timing; When timing finishes, if original signal removes thresholding lower than signal all the time, this signal is put into to Neighbor Set from Active Set among, then again upgrade Active Set and Neighbor Set, from Candidate Set, select a suitable signal to reconnect and start communication.
Propose two kinds of RSP handover schemes by the invention described above, and applied between vehicle and street lamp communicate by letter switching, successfully ensured communicating by letter between vehicle and street lamp.In the situation that there is not signal coverage areas between adjacent street lamp, adopt the RSP bank switching, guarantee seamless link between moving vehicle and street lamp, have the situation of signal overlap overlay area between adjacent two street lamps in, adopted RSP to select switching, can reduce the error rate of communication, improve communication quality.
Claims (6)
1. a moving vehicle visible ray radio communication receives changing method, it is characterized in that, comprising:
When between the adjacent transmission end during no signal overlay area, calculate unlapped distance between the adjacent transmission end; Calculating enters the time before next transmitting terminal coverage; By calculating the data volume in the described time, allow terminal reserve so large cushion space, guarantee during this period of time to be unlikely to display network immediately and disconnect.
2. method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, unlapped distance between described calculating adjacent transmission end, calculating enters the time before next transmitting terminal coverage, be specially: between described adjacent transmission end, unlapped distance is L, and the distance between the adjacent transmission end is D, and the LED equal altitudes is H, maximum emission angle is 60 °, and L is:
If the speed that receiving terminal advances is v, entering so the front time of next transmitting terminal coverage is t,
3. method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises: when between the adjacent transmission end, having the signal overlap overlay area, signal is divided into to four class set: Candidate Set, Neighbor Set, residual set and Active Set; Described signal is joined to Neighbor Set, when the intensity of this signal is greater than signal detecting threshold, terminal is just put into Candidate Set by this signal, along with terminal moves on, when in two base stations, the signal strength signal intensity of one party has been removed thresholding lower than signal, at this moment startup is removed the signal timing and is started to clock, and each signal in Candidate Set is retained to one and remove the signal timing; When timing finishes, if original signal removes thresholding lower than signal all the time, this signal is put into to Neighbor Set from Active Set among, then again upgrade Active Set and Neighbor Set, from Candidate Set, select a suitable signal to reconnect and start communication.
4. method as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, also comprises: setting current transmitting terminal is p in the received power of certain point
r1, p
r1can be expressed as,
wherein ψ is incidence angle, p
tfor transmitting power, h is LED street lamp height; If next transmitting terminal is p in the received power of this point
r2, p
r2can be expressed as,
wherein ψ is incidence angle, p
tfor transmitting power, h is LED street lamp height, and d is the horizontal range between two adjacent street lamps;
When definite next signal is stablized, introduce a timer, for guaranteeing the next signal that receives, whether stablize; This timer computing time
wherein v is the speed that receiving terminal moves, and d is that two distance dependent parameter lambda between transmitting terminal are the constant between 0-1.
5. a visible ray radio communication receives switching device shifter, it is characterized in that, comprising:
The bank switching module, for when between the adjacent transmission end during no signal overlay area, calculate unlapped distance between the adjacent transmission end; Calculating enters the time before next transmitting terminal coverage; By calculating the data volume in the described time, allow terminal reserve so large cushion space, guarantee during this period of time to be unlikely to display network immediately and disconnect.
6. visible ray radio communication as claimed in claim 5 receives switching device shifter, it is characterized in that, also comprise: select handover module, for when between the adjacent transmission end, having the signal overlap overlay area, signal is divided into to four class set: Candidate Set, Neighbor Set, residual set and Active Set; Described signal is joined to Neighbor Set, when the intensity of this signal is greater than signal detecting threshold, terminal is just put into Candidate Set by this signal, along with terminal moves on, when in two base stations, the signal strength signal intensity of one party has been removed thresholding lower than signal, at this moment startup is removed the signal timing and is started to clock, and each signal in Candidate Set is retained to one and remove the signal timing; When timing finishes, if original signal removes thresholding lower than signal all the time, this signal is put into to Neighbor Set from Active Set among, then again upgrade Active Set and Neighbor Set, from Candidate Set, select a suitable signal to reconnect and start communication.
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| CN108882190B (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2020-07-10 | 北京永安信通科技股份有限公司 | Object positioning system, object positioning method, object positioning device and electronic equipment |
| CN108882190A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-11-23 | 北京永安信通科技股份有限公司 | Object positioning system, object positioning method, object positioning device and electronic equipment |
| CN108900248B (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2019-10-11 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | The distribution method and device of access point in a kind of visible light wireless communication system |
| CN108900248A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-11-27 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | The distribution method and device of access point in a kind of visible light wireless communication system |
| CN109217927A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2019-01-15 | 南京邮电大学 | Link switching method based on anticipation information in indoor optical communication system |
| CN109217927B (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2021-08-10 | 南京邮电大学 | Link switching method based on prejudgment information in indoor optical communication system |
| CN109640250A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-04-16 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | Orient switching method and device |
| CN109640250B (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2021-04-06 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | Directional switching method and device |
| CN109768830A (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2019-05-17 | 西安电子科技大学 | Vehicle-mounted visible light communication receiving end device based on photovoltaic cell |
| CN110461005A (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2019-11-15 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | Cell optimization method, device, equipment and storage medium |
| CN110461005B (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2022-11-22 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | Cell optimization method, device, equipment and storage medium |
| CN113067640A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-07-02 | 中国人民解放军战略支援部队信息工程大学 | Communication method and device across light areas |
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