CN103474776A - Method for generating radio frequency orbital angular momentum beams based on annular traveling wave antenna - Google Patents
Method for generating radio frequency orbital angular momentum beams based on annular traveling wave antenna Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for generating radio frequency orbital angular momentum beams based on an annular traveling wave antenna. According to the method, the annular traveling wave antenna is in a circular ring shape in spatial distribution, a circular ring is in symmetry with the respect of a Z-axis, all excitation source points on the circular ring are the same in range, the phase position of the circular ring meets exp (il) distribution along the circumference, the antenna excitation sources spread in a traveling wave mode on the circular ring, the radiation of the annular traveling wave antenna in the space can generate radio frequency OAM beams with the same order as the phase position distribution 1, the distribution of all phase position points on the circular ring is adjusted, and radio frequency OAM beams with different orders 1 can be generated. The method for generating the radio frequency orbital angular momentum beams based on the annular traveling wave antenna can be used in an OAM wireless communication system and is integrated with an existing communication technology, and the capacity of a communication system is greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the OAM wireless communication technology field, relate to a kind of production method of the radio frequency OAM wave beam based on the annular traveling wave antenna.
Background technology
Along with the whole world enters the mobile Internet epoch, the spectral gaps of mobile communication business is day by day serious.Because the high-quality frequency spectrum resource of low-frequency range is very limited, only by dividing new frequency spectrum, be difficult to meet the new demand of mobile communication.In this case, the development new technology seems particularly important with the service efficiency that improves bit/hertz.At present, people are carrying out a large amount of research based on dimensions such as electromagnetic frequency spectrum, phase place, amplitudes aspect expansion information capacity resource, as improved availability of frequency spectrum novel intelligent wireless communication technology---cognitive radio; Improve the high-order coherent modulation of the signal of single spectrum of carrier efficiency, make spectrum efficiency improve the multi-transceiver technology of nearly a times than tandem system, and not only can increase MIMO communication technology of spectrum efficiency but also the channel capacity that is multiplied etc.Obviously the capacity resource based on frequency spectrum, phase place, these dimensions of amplitude has obtained development and utilization comparatively fully.Although the gradual dilatation in these dimensions can also be proceeded, realize the significantly dilatation of several orders of magnitude, there is no sufficient space.Therefore, finding new physical parameter dimension and realize the electromagnetic communication technology, meet message capacity and be the demand that the order of magnitude increases in limited frequency spectrum resource, is a great Science and Technology challenge.Orbital angular momentum (OAM) radio communication is arisen at the historic moment exactly in this opportunity.
Electromagnetic wave not only has energy, but also orbital angular momentum is arranged, and orbital angular momentum is electromagnetic basic physical attribute, and the reflection electromagnetic wave is around the phase place running parameter of the azimuth direction of direction of propagation axle.For the electromagnetic wave of optional frequency, all the OAM wave beam forms one group of mutually orthogonal, eigenmodes that number is infinitely many.OAM communication is exactly the exponent number (value l) that utilizes this group electromagnetic wave eigenmodes of OAM pattern, as new Gong modulation or multiplexing parameter dimensions resource, utilize different l values to represent different coding state or different information channel, thereby open up the new way of further raising spectrum efficiency.Because the l value has unlimited span, OAM communication has the potentiality that can infinitely increase electromagnetic wave beared information amount in theory.
Utilize at present this parameter dimensions of radio frequency OAM to be applied to wireless communication field still in the starting stage, great majority research lays particular emphasis on theory analysis, the production method of development different rank radio frequency OAM wave beam and corresponding device are the checking OAM ripple free space characteristics of channel, the basis of realizing radio frequency OAM wireless communication system.Up to now, most of OAM wave beam production methods all come from the circular antenna array thinking of the designs such as Thide in 2007, but the OAM wave beam exponent number that the method produces is subject to the restriction of circular antenna array quantity, the number of supposing circular antenna array is N, the OAM wave beam exponent number l of its generation must be less than N/2, so seek a kind of simple radio frequency OAM wave beam production method, for following radio frequency OAM high-speed communication, has very important significance.
Summary of the invention
The OAM wave beam that the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of production method of the radio frequency OAM wave beam based on the annular traveling wave antenna and realize based on the method is multiplexing.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
A kind of production method of the radio frequency OAM wave beam based on the annular traveling wave antenna:
Any antenna, no matter be electric type source antenna or magnetic type source antenna, as long as its spatial distribution is annular, annulus is around the Z axis symmetry, and on annulus, each point driving source amplitude is consistent, and phase place changes continuously along annulus circumference each point, meets
distribution, wherein
be angle of circumference, l is integer, just can be or, for negative, such antenna may be defined as the annular traveling wave antenna.Be that the antenna excitation source is capable ripple propagation on annulus, the symbol of l is different means that the antenna excitation source is clockwise or anticlockwise row ripple and propagates on annulus.Through the electromagnetism numerical computations, this class annular traveling wave antenna radiation in space can produce has helical phase
l rank radio frequency OAM wave beam, l just also can be or for negative.Radio frequency wherein comprises microwave band and millimeter wave band.
The present invention compares the beneficial effect had with background technology:
The present invention is directed to communication service frequency spectrum resource breach serious problems, proposed a kind of production method of new radio frequency OAM wave beam, this invention can be used for the OAM wireless communication system, mutually integrated with the existing communication technology, greatly improves the capacity of communication system.Realize that with circular antenna array commonly used in background technology OAM wave beam production method compares, the radio frequency OAM wave beam production method that the present invention proposes is not limited to the array antenna number, can realize the generation of any exponent number radio frequency OAM wave beam.In addition, integrated by a plurality of annular traveling wave antennas, can realize the design of the OAM wave beam multiplexer that the OAM high-speed communication is essential, reaches the multiplexing of different rank radio frequency OAM wave beam.PHASE DISTRIBUTION on the annular traveling wave antenna required in the present invention
be easy to realize, and can reach requirement by multiple technologies, avoid in background technology utilizing circular antenna array to produce the demand of in the OAM method, each array element precise phase being controlled.The present invention is for building radio frequency OAM wireless communication system, and what promote radio frequency OAM wireless communication system practically has a very important effect.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is electric type source travelling-wave annular antenna structure view;
Fig. 2 is the transformational relation of spherical coordinates and rectangular coordinate in numerical computations;
Fig. 3 is that antenna current meets
distribute, during l=2, the PHASE DISTRIBUTION figure of z=1000 λ electric field;
Fig. 4 is that antenna current meets
distribute, during l=3, the PHASE DISTRIBUTION figure of z=1000 λ electric field;
Fig. 5 is that antenna current meets
distribute, during l=4, the PHASE DISTRIBUTION figure of z=1000 λ electric field;
Fig. 6 is that antenna current meets
distribute, during l=5, the PHASE DISTRIBUTION figure of z=1000 λ electric field;
Fig. 7 is a kind of annular traveling wave antenna example block diagram that produces radio frequency OAM wave beam.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described:
1. the generation of the radio frequency OAM wave beam based on the annular traveling wave antenna.
Suppose that the annular traveling wave antenna is electric type source antenna, as shown in Figure 1, the CURRENT DISTRIBUTION on antenna meets
distribution, calculate the radiation field of this annular traveling wave antenna in space.
Basic ideas are: circular loop antenna is divided into to the N section, guarantee every a bit of antenna length Δ L<<wavelength X, because on this segment antenna, current amplitude is identical, it is identical that phase place also can be considered, this miniature antenna can be used as electric dipole, its far-field radiation in space can be calculated with the far-field radiation formula of electrical dipole antenna, as follows:
In above formula, spherical coordinates unit vector r
0, θ
0,
with rectangular coordinate x
0, y
0, z
0conversion see Fig. 2, electrical dipole antenna is placed on initial point along the z axle.
Calculate the radiation field of annular traveling-wave antenna, must be superimposed the radiation field of N section miniature antenna on whole annulus.Consider the placement location difference of every a bit of antenna, it is the coordinate difference of above-mentioned radiation field company, be difficult to obtain analytic solutions after coordinate transform, adopt method of value solving in the present invention, calculate the distribution map of the electric field of this annular traveling wave antenna in space, judge whether to produce the radio frequency OAM wave beam of different l exponent numbers by the phase place variation of electric field.
Fig. 3～Fig. 6 has provided the annular traveling wave antenna current and has met
distribute, l=2, the PHASE DISTRIBUTION figure of electric field when aerial radiation was propagated 1000 λ along the z axle in 3,4,5 o'clock.Visible, electric field phase presents the vortex characteristic around the variation of the angle of circumference of direction of propagation axle, and electric field phase changes and meet 2 π l along circumference one circle, and during l=2, electric field phase changes 4 π along circumference one circle; During l=3, electric field phase changes 6 π along circumference one circle; During l=4, electric field phase changes 8 π along circumference one circle; During l=5, electric field phase changes 10 π along circumference one circle, by that analogy.These characteristics prove that this class annular traveling wave antenna can produce the radio frequency OAM wave beam of any l exponent number, as long as the CURRENT DISTRIBUTION on antenna meets
l is that integer gets final product.
When this type of annular traveling wave antenna is magnetic type source antenna, according to the electromagnetic duality principle, can obtain same conclusion, as long as meeting annular traveling wave, the driving source of antenna distributes, meet
distribute, just can produce the radio frequency OAM wave beam of l exponent number in space.
2. an annular traveling wave antenna embodiment
The annular traveling wave antenna of the produced radio frequency OAM wave beam of the present invention's definition is easy to realize by the design of structure, realize that than circular antenna array commonly used in background technology OAM wave beam production method need to accurately control this point to the phase place of each array, method of the present invention is more easy.Fig. 7 is an embodiment that can produce the annular traveling wave antenna of radio frequency OAM wave beam.This antenna body structure is the metal ring chamber that an end face is opened an annular slot, and the becket die cavity can be regarded as by the rectangular waveguide bending and form, the broadside that the side height is rectangular waveguide, and the narrow limit that the end face width is rectangular waveguide, be operated in TE
10pattern, the place of cracking is for the centre on narrow limit.In becket die cavity side at a distance of external two metal waveguides of quarter turn place opening as excitation port 1 and excitation port 2, input same frequency in excitation port 1 and 2, the microwave source of phase phasic difference ± 90 °, the electromagnetic field in the metal ring chamber becomes clockwise or the capable wavelength-division cloth of propagating counterclockwise around circumference.The size of appropriate design becket die cavity, make the longitudinal propagation constant k of former rectangular waveguide
zmeet k
zr=l, l is integer, and R is the radius cracked in ring-like chamber, and the magnetic current at the place of cracking meets along circumference
distribute, now the annulus on wire chamber cracks and is equivalent to a magnetic type source antenna, and outwards radiated electromagnetic wave produces the OAM wave beam that exponent number is l in space.Equally also can design electric type source antenna, meet as long as the current phase on antenna distributes
distribute, the radio frequency OAM wave beam that can to produce exponent number be l.
3.OAM the realization that wave beam is multiplexing
Produce the method for radio frequency OAM wave beam based on the annular traveling wave antenna, a kind of phase place has
the antenna distributed produces the OAM wave beam that exponent number is l, if a device is arranged, by the appropriate design of structure and material, realizes that a plurality of phase places have
the combination of the annular traveling wave antenna distributed, this device can be used as OAM wave beam multiplexer so, can produce in space the OAM wave beam of a plurality of different l exponent numbers, thereby realize the multiplexing of OAM wave beam, for the OAM high-speed communication lays the first stone.Annular traveling wave antenna example as shown in Figure 7, can by vary in size the becket die cavity realize the stack of annular traveling wave antenna, realize the multiplexing function of OAM wave beam in space.
Claims (3)
1. a method that produces radio frequency orbital angular momentum wave beam based on the annular traveling wave antenna, it is characterized in that: described annular traveling wave antenna is annular on spatial distribution, and annulus is around the Z axis symmetry, and on annulus, each point driving source amplitude is consistent, and phase place meets along circumference
distribution,
for angle of circumference, l are integer, the antenna excitation source is capable ripple and propagates on annulus, l just can be, also can be negative, the difference of symbol means that the antenna excitation source is clockwise or anticlockwise row ripple and propagates on annulus, the radio frequency OAM wave beam of this annular traveling wave antenna identical exponent number of l in the radiation in space can produce with its PHASE DISTRIBUTION, adjust the distribution of each point phase place on annulus, can produce the radio frequency OAM wave beam of different l exponent numbers.
2. a kind of method that produces radio frequency orbital angular momentum wave beam based on the annular traveling wave antenna according to claim 1, is characterized in that: Huo Cixing source, Wei electricity Xing source, described antenna excitation source.
3. a kind of method that produces radio frequency orbital angular momentum wave beam based on the annular traveling wave antenna according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described radio frequency OAM wave beam comprises microwave and millimeter wave frequency band.
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| CN103812543A (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2014-05-21 | 华中科技大学 | Method of improving wireless communication capacity by orbital angular momentum |
| CN103986531A (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2014-08-13 | 北京邮电大学 | Axis alignment adjustment method and system for orbital angular momentum wireless communication system |
| CN104319434A (en) * | 2014-10-13 | 2015-01-28 | 浙江大学 | Design method of ultralow-reflectivity rotary phase plate capable of generating orbital angular momentum wave beams |
| WO2015039580A1 (en) * | 2013-09-22 | 2015-03-26 | 浙江大学 | Metal annular cavity-based annular traveling-wave antenna for generating radio frequency orbital angular momentum (oam) |
| CN104601214A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-05-06 | 浙江大学 | Sampling receiving method for demultiplexing RF track angular momentum mode |
| CN104953254A (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2015-09-30 | 浙江大学 | Antenna capable of producing radio frequency orbital angular momentum beams based on dielectric resonator |
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| WO2022036577A1 (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2022-02-24 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Generating and steering orbital angular momentum beams |
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| CN112930667A (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2021-06-08 | 华为技术有限公司 | Pseudo-doppler receive architecture for OAM and MIMO transmissions |
| CN110336123A (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2019-10-15 | 浙江大学 | Antenna based on medium integrated waveguide radial propagation multimode OAM wave beam |
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