CN103472130A - Piezoelectric ceramic sensitive module and hydraulic concrete structure health monitoring test platform - Google Patents
Piezoelectric ceramic sensitive module and hydraulic concrete structure health monitoring test platform Download PDFInfo
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- CN103472130A CN103472130A CN2013104089876A CN201310408987A CN103472130A CN 103472130 A CN103472130 A CN 103472130A CN 2013104089876 A CN2013104089876 A CN 2013104089876A CN 201310408987 A CN201310408987 A CN 201310408987A CN 103472130 A CN103472130 A CN 103472130A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hydraulic concrete structure health monitoring test platform based on a piezoelectric ceramic sensitive module. The test platform is characterized by comprising a signal generation device (1), a signal acquisition device (2), a driver (3), a sensor (4), a digital filter (5), and a control computer platform (6) equipped with MATLAB/Simulink, wherein signals sent out by the signal generation device (1) enter the control computer platform (6) equipped with MATLAB/Simulink after passing through the driver (3), the sensor (4), the digital filter (5) and the signal acquisition device (2) in sequence. The reliable test platform is provided for a series of research on problems of strength, structure damage, natural vibration frequency identification and the like of hydraulic concrete. With the assistance of the platform, a hydraulic concrete health monitoring system based on the piezoelectric ceramic sensitive module can be comprehensively established, and an essential test device and an essential test method are provided for application of the piezoelectric ceramic sensitive module to dam safety monitoring.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the test platform of xoncrete structure health monitoring in a kind of water conservancy and civil engineering work, specially refer to the monitoring platform of the hydraulic concrete structure for health of carrying out based on the piezoelectric ceramics smart module.
Background technology
Whether safe the key water control project water retaining structure is can produce great impact to the national economic development and people's lives, once the accident meeting produces destructive impact to downstream industry facility, farmland and rural area city dweller; And due to water retaining structure when bearing the huge water pressure in upstream, also to bear such as concrete shrinkage destroy, the destruction of aging, burn into weather cataclysm, earthquake etc.
Large volume due to hydraulic structure, vibration control on microcosmic does not have practical significance, but the vibration on macroscopic view means a great, when large earthquake occurs in the dam site place, dam may be under the acting in conjunction of earthquake load and water ballast(ing) etc. failure, due to can be to downstream economy after dam, the people's life and life produce tremendous influence, therefore, the dam vibration control under seismic dynamic loading is very necessary, but forefathers seldom utilize piezoceramic material to be analyzed this.
Piezoceramic material is for large volume hydraulic concrete structure for health detection and diagnosis, have energy consumption low, highly sensitive, respond the advantages such as fast, with low cost, be with a wide range of applications.But the many builds of Hydro-concrete Structures are huge, work progress is complicated, active time is long, and piezoelectric ceramic piece self material is more crisp, environment reaction is very responsive to external world, directly is embedded in monitored agent structure, very easily causes the damage of piezoelectric ceramic piece; The concrete that vibration control and the Gernral Check-up of civil engineering structure only related to smaller size smaller and the monitoring of reinforced-concrete structure, also comparatively lack the monitoring aspect of mass concrete and plain concrete; Piezoelectric sensor is Manufactured sensor, and this sensor is expensive,, in conjunction with the concrete characteristics of civil engineering structure especially Hydraulic Structure Engineering, in practical engineering application, can not make troubles unavoidably; The concrete shape of piezoelectric smart module or piezoelectric intelligent aggregate, research does not in the past provide concrete theoretical direction; Researchist in the past, do not mention at the monitoring structural health conditions under dynamic load simple plain concrete construction.
Based on above-mentioned Practical Project background and quasi-solution, relate under the target of problem more than certainly, have a very wide prospect to the application of concrete piezoelectric ceramics smart module in building and hydraulic engineering, a kind of health monitoring test platform based on piezoelectric ceramics smart module Hydro-concrete Structures need to be provided in a hurry.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the object of the invention is to for the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of hydraulic concrete structure for health monitoring test platform based on the piezoelectric ceramics smart module is provided, has realized the monitoring of concrete for hydraulic structure aquation stage strength, the structure for health diagnosis of xoncrete structure under dynamic loading, the identification of the Hydro-concrete Structures natural frequency of vibration.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of piezoelectric ceramics smart module.
Technical scheme: the hydraulic concrete structure for health monitoring test platform based on the piezoelectric ceramics smart module of the present invention, comprise that signal generates the control computer platform of equipment, signal collecting device, driver, sensor, digital filter and outfit MATLAB/Simulink, signal enters the control computer platform that is equipped with MATLAB/Simulink successively after driver, sensor, digital filter and signal collecting device after being sent by signal generation equipment;
Described driver and described sensor are the piezoelectric ceramics smart module, and described driver and described sensor are embedded in respectively in concrete for hydraulic structure test specimen to be measured;
Described piezoelectric ceramics smart module comprises piezoelectric ceramic piece, sulphurated siliastic layer, signal wire and external wrapping concrete, described sulphurated siliastic layer is coated on the periphery of described piezoelectric ceramic piece, and the piezoelectric ceramic piece that is coated with the sulphurated siliastic layer is embedded in external wrapping concrete; One end of described signal wire is welded on piezoelectric ceramic piece, and the other end is connected with other components and parts through external wrapping concrete.
Usually the employing AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator) realizes the generation of signal, for driving piezoelectric ceramics smart module driver; Other piezoelectric ceramics smart module sensors that are embedded in concrete for hydraulic structure test specimen to be measured receive signal simultaneously; Because inevitably occur leaky may being mixed with the frequency of alternating current in the signal received while making concrete piezoelectric ceramics smart module, therefore sensor is connected to digital filter; The signal of device can be measured the amplitude of the stress wave of receiving by oscillograph after filtering, the health monitoring with this for concrete strength and structure.By the control computer platform that is equipped with MATLAB/Simulink, the realistic model for gathering digital signal is compiled into to real-time code, utilize the piezoelectric ceramics smart module as driver and sensor, the monitoring structural health conditions carried out, realize the real-time health monitoring of xoncrete structure with this.
According to monitoring target structure and monitoring requirement, the physical dimension of piezoelectric ceramics smart module and preparation process need research, so that it is more suitable for monitoring in Hydro-concrete Structures.In passive or active monitoring process, often be used as sensor (passive monitoring), sensor and driver (active monitoring) in hydraulic concrete structure for health; By the elastoplastic contact analysis for the piezoelectric ceramics smart module, surface stress, Displacements Distribution according to the piezoelectric ceramics smart module perpendicular to polarised direction, the reasonable build of judging the piezoelectric ceramics smart module is right cylinder, therefore be defined as cylindrical by the build of piezoelectric ceramics smart module.Utilize glass cutter piezoelectric ceramic piece to be cut into to the little piezoelectric ceramic piece of specification, for guaranteeing the piezoelectric ceramics smart module, there is good electric charge transfer function, with alcohol, the piezoelectric ceramic piece after cutting is cleaned, remove surperficial oxide film; Welding lead after dry tack free, pad guarantees enough little as far as possible, with guarantee surface the water barrier that is coated with enough thin; Welded again and cleaned with alcohol.Consider that piezoelectric ceramic piece self material is more crisp, and external wrapping concrete is a kind of many phases compound substance of complexity, if do not do any processing just by the direct Transducers Embedded in Concrete module of piezoelectric ceramic piece, in the concrete coagulation process, volume of concrete can dwindle gradually and produce differential contraction stress, causing imbedding formation stress on piezoelectric ceramic piece wherein concentrates, the damage piezoelectric ceramic piece, for this reason, by the piezoelectric ceramic piece in the peripheral covering of piezoelectric ceramic piece one deck single component sulphurated siliastic is protected Transducers Embedded in Concrete; Because the piezoelectric ceramics smart module need to have the ability that transmits and receives ultrasonic signal concurrently, thus also must consider the factors such as emissive power and susceptibility while selecting piezoelectric ceramic piece, and consider nimble, economical and launch hyperacoustic requirement.
Because the external wrapping concrete of piezoelectric ceramic piece in the piezoelectric ceramics smart module only plays an effect of transmitting stress, and the main body of non-bearing, therefore do not add the materials such as coarse aggregate and reinforcing bar in manufacturing process, only used cement, fine aggregate, with the sand-cement slurry of water, fine aggregate, built.Processing can reduce the stress raisers that coarse aggregate and reinforcing bar and the inhomogeneous batching of other property distribution produce on piezoelectric ceramic piece like this.
In the test platform of utilization based on piezoelectric ceramics smart module hydraulic concrete structure for health monitoring for the monitoring of concrete strength: lay the piezoelectric ceramics smart module in the concrete for hydraulic structure test block, stress wave for intensity monitoring is that the signal excitation of sending by AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator) produces, and signal acts on a side pressure electroceramics smart module via piezoelectric ceramic actuator and produces stress wave; Stress wave is propagated in monitored concrete, by the piezoelectric ceramics smart module of the other end, is collected; After digital filter and oscillograph, according to the mapping relations of stress wave amplitudes and intensity, realize the indirect monitoring of concrete strength.
In test platform of the present invention to the active monitoring of Reason of Hydraulic Structural Damage: be mainly to adopt AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator) for generation of pumping signal.Paired piezoelectric ceramics smart module CPSM is as signal projector and signal receiver, and digital filter is for the low-frequency noise signal of elimination signal, and data acquisition system (DAS) is for the digital collection of signal.
In test platform of the present invention to the natural frequency of vibration identification test of Reason of Hydraulic Structural Damage: in passive monitoring, be embedded in the effect that the piezoelectric ceramics in structure serves as and be acceleration transducer used in the generalized model test, the effect of piezoelectric ceramics is and obtains the vibration signal of structure to be monitored under excitation, with the Modal Test for structure, tests.
Piezoelectric ceramics smart module of the present invention, comprise piezoelectric ceramic piece, sulphurated siliastic layer, signal wire and external wrapping concrete, described sulphurated siliastic layer is coated on the periphery of described piezoelectric ceramic piece, and the piezoelectric ceramic piece that is coated with the sulphurated siliastic layer is embedded in external wrapping concrete; One end of described signal wire is welded on piezoelectric ceramic piece, and the other end is connected with other components and parts through external wrapping concrete.
Preferably, described piezoelectric ceramics smart module is cylindrical; Described external wrapping concrete is built by the sand-cement slurry of water, fine aggregate.
The present invention compared with prior art, its beneficial effect is: the research of the series of problems such as the intensity that the present invention is concrete for hydraulic structure, structural damage and natural frequency of vibration identification provides reliable test platform, can set up a set of concrete for hydraulic structure health monitoring systems based on the piezoelectric ceramics smart module by this platform, for piezoelectric ceramics smart module technology provides necessary test unit and method in the application aspect dam safety monitor more comprehensively.Intelligent, the driven nature of test platform of the present invention based on piezoceramic material and the mechanism of sensitivities, basic characteristics in conjunction with Hydraulic Structure Engineering, designed and a kind ofly can monitor the active monitoring of concrete for hydraulic structure aquation stage strength, structural damage and the piezoelectric ceramics smart module (CPSM) of Hydro-concrete Structures natural frequency of vibration identification test, significant to realizing the hydraulic concrete structure for health monitoring; This test platform has been introduced the piezoelectric ceramics intellectual material, to utilizing the piezoceramic material design to be applicable to the piezoelectric ceramics smart module of hydraulic concrete structure for health monitoring, and more complete test platform, with respect to traditional test platform, piezoelectric ceramics have active sensing, response fast, can make different shapes, the comparatively simple and relatively cheap characteristics of application, make this test platform have precision high, lay the many merits such as simple, that monitoring cost is low, high efficiency, engineering adaptability are strong; And the complete novelty of this Testing Platform theory, mentality of designing complete tight, suit theoretical property strong, workable, etc. every advantage, there is important theory and practical significance for exploring it in the utilization aspect the concrete structure security monitorings of paddling such as dam, dyke, sluice.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the structural healthy monitoring system based on the piezoelectric ceramics smart module forms schematic diagram;
The basic composition schematic diagram that Fig. 2 is the piezoelectric ceramics smart module;
Fig. 3 is piezoelectric ceramic piece safeguard procedures schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Below technical solution of the present invention is elaborated, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to described embodiment.
Embodiment 1: test platform of the present invention mainly by six independently system form, core component is concrete piezoelectric ceramics smart module, below take dSPACE(digital Signal Processing And Control Engineering) control system exploitation and structured testing platform, the Φ 25mm * cylindrical concrete piezoelectric ceramics of (25～30) mm smart module of system, Agilent AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator), MATLAB/Simulink be example, the concrete operational version of this test platform is described, but the use of this platform is not limited to this.
(1) Design & preparation of piezoelectric ceramics smart module:
Piezoelectric ceramics belongs to the material of ferroelectrics one class, piezoelectric a kind of of manual manufacture, material produces the piezoelectric effect of electric signal under pressure, the PIC151 type piezoelectric ceramic piece of PCB company is selected in this test, utilize glass cutter that piezoelectric ceramic piece is cut into to specification for length x width x thickness=10mm * 10mm * 1mm) little piezoelectric ceramic piece, remove surperficial oxide film with alcohol, welding lead after dry tack free, reach the piezoelectric ceramic piece in protecting Transducers Embedded in Concrete at its peripheral one deck single component sulphurated siliastic that covers, the silicon sulfide rubber model that this test adopts is SD-5TC.
Because the external wrapping concrete of piezoelectric ceramic piece in the piezoelectric ceramics smart module only plays an effect of transmitting stress, and the main body of non-bearing, therefore do not add the materials such as coarse aggregate and reinforcing bar in manufacturing process, only used cement, this test has adopted C32.5 portland cement, fine aggregate, and the sand-cement slurry that the weight ratio of water, fine aggregate, cement of take is 1:2.9:2.09 is carried out building of smart module.
(2) build signal and generate device systems:
The main Agilent of employing of this test AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator) is used for the generation of signal, monitoring for intensity, the present embodiment adopts Agilent33250A emission arbitrary signal, it is the single channel waveform generator, its transmit frequency range is 1 μ Hz～80MHz, and the signal amplitude scope is 1mV～10V, and the present embodiment is selected 10V, for the Reason of Hydraulic Structural Damage active monitoring, adopt the Agilent AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator) to produce the sweep sine of 150～1000Hz.
(3) build the signal collecting device system:
Employing dSPACE(digital Signal Processing And Control Engineering in this test) system is for emission and the collection of signal.The dSPACE system is a set of control system based on MATLAB/Simulink exploitation and structured testing platform, can comprehensively realize the generation of digital signal and the control of system, itself and MATLAB/Simulink seamless link, and be furnished with the hardware system of high-speed computational capability.DSPACE, by Real-Time Interface, carries out code compilation to the Simulink model, by dSPACE ControlDesk, process of the test is carried out to integrated management, to realize real-time testing, control and processing capacity.
The DS1103 system that the dSPACE system that this experiment adopts is dSPACE company, its built-in comprehensive I/O function, 8 road D/A modules can realize by Simulink the emission of signal, 20 road A/D modules also can realize by Simulink the acceptance of signal.The dSPACE system is vulnerable in test the impact of outside noise, in test, only adopts the A/D passage logarithm value signal of dSPACE system to be gathered.
(4) build the control computer platform of digital filtering equipment and MATLAB/Simulink:
Sensor is connected to digital filter; The signal of device, after elimination low-frequency noise signal wherein, can measure the amplitude of the stress wave of receiving, the health monitoring with this for concrete strength and structure by oscillograph after filtering; Be equipped with the control computer platform of MATLAB/Simulink, by MATLAB/Simulink, the realistic model for gathering digital signal be compiled into to real-time code, then be downloaded on the dSPACE hardware platform, realize itself and the seamless link of dSPACE system.
The present invention is based on the hydraulic concrete structure for health monitoring test platform of piezoelectric ceramics smart module, comprise that signal generates control computer platform 6 six parts of equipment 1, signal collecting device 2, piezoelectric ceramics smart module driver 3, piezoelectric ceramics smart module sensor 4, digital filter 5 and outfit MATLAB/Simulink, described piezoelectric ceramics smart module driver 3 and piezoelectric ceramics smart module sensor 4 are embedded in respectively in concrete for hydraulic structure test specimen 11 to be measured; Signal is generated after equipment 1 sends and entered successively the control computer platform 6 that is equipped with MATLAB/Simulink after driver 3, sensor 4, digital filter 5 and signal collecting device 2 by signal;
As mentioned above, although meaned and explained the present invention with reference to specific preferred embodiment, it shall not be construed as the restriction to the present invention self.Under the spirit and scope of the present invention prerequisite that does not break away from the claims definition, can make in the form and details various variations to it.
Claims (6)
1. the hydraulic concrete structure for health monitoring test platform based on the piezoelectric ceramics smart module, it is characterized in that: comprise that signal generates equipment (1), signal collecting device (2), driver (3), sensor (4), digital filter (5) and is equipped with the control computer platform (6) of MATLAB/Simulink, signal enters the control computer platform (6) of outfit MATLAB/Simulink successively after driver (3), sensor (4), digital filter (5) and signal collecting device (2) after being generated equipment (1) and sent by signal;
Described driver (3) and described sensor (4) are the piezoelectric ceramics smart module, and described driver (3) and described sensor (4) are embedded in respectively in concrete for hydraulic structure test specimen to be measured (11);
Described piezoelectric ceramics smart module comprises piezoelectric ceramic piece (7), sulphurated siliastic layer (10), signal wire (8) and external wrapping concrete (9), described sulphurated siliastic layer (10) is coated on the periphery of described piezoelectric ceramic piece (7), and the piezoelectric ceramic piece (7) that is coated with sulphurated siliastic layer (10) is embedded in external wrapping concrete (9); It is upper that one end of described signal wire (8) is welded on piezoelectric ceramic piece (7), and the other end is connected with other components and parts through external wrapping concrete (9).
2. the hydraulic concrete structure for health monitoring test platform based on the piezoelectric ceramics smart module according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described piezoelectric ceramics smart module is cylindrical.
3. the hydraulic concrete structure for health monitoring test platform based on the piezoelectric ceramics smart module according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described external wrapping concrete (9) is built by the sand-cement slurry of water, fine aggregate.
4. a piezoelectric ceramics smart module, it is characterized in that: comprise piezoelectric ceramic piece (7), sulphurated siliastic layer (10), signal wire (8) and external wrapping concrete (9), described sulphurated siliastic layer (10) is coated on the periphery of described piezoelectric ceramic piece (7), and the piezoelectric ceramic piece (7) that is coated with sulphurated siliastic layer (10) is embedded in external wrapping concrete (9); It is upper that one end of described signal wire (8) is welded on piezoelectric ceramic piece (7), and the other end is connected with other components and parts through external wrapping concrete (9).
5. piezoelectric ceramics smart module according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described piezoelectric ceramics smart module is cylindrical.
6. piezoelectric ceramics smart module according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described external wrapping concrete (9) is built by the sand-cement slurry of water, fine aggregate.
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| CN111521681A (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2020-08-11 | 武汉理工大学 | Concrete internal damage assessment method based on piezoelectric ceramic shear wave energy loss |
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Application publication date: 20131225 |