CN103469026B - Rare earth element ytterbium alloyed aluminum-silicon alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Rare earth element ytterbium alloyed aluminum-silicon alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rare earth element ytterbium (Yb) alloyed aluminum-silicon (Al-Si) alloy and a preparation method thereof. The alloy comprises the components by the weight percentage: 9.0-13.5% of Si, 0.05-0.4% of Yb, and the balance being Al. The preparation method comprises the steps: heating an Al-Si alloy placed in a graphite crucible to melt, adding an Al-Yb intermediate alloy at the temperature of 770-790 DEG C according to the weight percentage, and carrying out heat preservation for 5-8 minutes; then applying intermittent ultrasound under conditions of the ultrasonic intensity of 10 W/cm<2>-38 W/cm<2>, each ultrasonic treatment time of 20-30 seconds, the intermittent time of 20-30 seconds, and the total ultrasonic treatment time of 120-300 seconds; and finally, when the alloy melt is cooled down to 720-740 DEG C, carrying out heat preservation for 31-180 minutes, and then carrying out coagulation forming at the cooling rate of 40-60 DEG C/min. The method can obviously promote refinement and nodularization of an alpha-Al phase; the method allows needle shaped eutectic silicon to be changed into punctiform-shaped eutectic silicon or short rod-shaped eutectic silicon, allows the distribution of eutectic silicon to be more dispersed and more uniform, so that the method allows the microstructure and mechanical properties of the Al alloy to be improved significantly; and the method has simple process and convenient operation, is safe and reliable, and has no three-waste pollution.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aluminum silicon alloy and preparing technical field.
Background technology
The castability of aluminium-silicon (Al-Si) alloy is excellent, and without hot tearing and loose mountain of inclining, resistance to air loss is higher.Its density is little, and solidity to corrosion is good, can be subject to air. and use in the environment of sea-water corrosion, concentrated nitric acid in the environment of industrial atmosphere can be born. the corrosive nature of peroxidation oxygen etc.; Welding property might as well.But the mechanical property of this alloy is low, thermotolerance and machinability poor.
Rare earth element has unique electron structure and physicochemical property, has unique 4f electronic structure, large magnetic moment of atom, very strong spin coupling characteristic, also quite unique on the impact of aluminium alloy.The metamorphism of rare earth element has long-lasting and remelting stability feature, better than other alterants, and has good deoxidation and sweetening power.Wherein Rare earth element ytterbium (Yb) has significant rotten ability to Al-Si alloy, the rare earth element that Peking University Zhang Qiyun etc. adopt Al-Si melt alloy cathode fused salt electrolysis process and fused salt direct reaction method to add, infers that rare earth element y b has good metamorphism to Al-Si alloy.
When ultrasonic wave is propagated in Al-Si melt, can produce malleation phase and negative pressure phase, destroy the structural integrity of melt, acoustic resistance continuity is reduced, and melt improves the microcell otherness of acoustic energy absorption, and short-range order degree declines, and increases crystallization nuclei.Northeastern University Li Yinglong etc. have studied from die casting to the impact of solidifying whole process eutectic composition (12.6%Si) and hypereutectic composition Al-20Si alloy structure and performance through ultrasonication.Result shows: ultrasonic have dual refining effect to primary crystal Si and eutectic Si tissue, and make Si fragmentation become particulate state, physical strength and the plasticity of alloy improve.HeFei University of Technology Yang Jun etc. have studied ultrasonic power (300-1600W), ultrasonic time (20-100s), ultrasonic temperature (600-680 DEG C) to the impact of hypereutectic composition Al-20Si alloy structure and performance, and supersound process can significantly improve tensile strength and the unit elongation of A1-20% Si alloy.Shanghai University Liu Qing plum have studied sidepiece and imports supersound process to the impact of eutectic Al-12.5Si alloy graining characteristic, research finds in process of setting (eutectic reaction district 577-660 DEG C), carry out supersound process energy significantly refining eutectic silicon phase, improves its pattern and distribution.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of Rare earth element ytterbium alloying aluminum silicon alloy, ytterbium (Yb) joins in aluminium-silicon (Al-Si) alloy with suitable amount, effectively can improve primary silicon, the form of Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys and distribution, to put forward heavy alloyed mechanical property.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions.
Rare earth element ytterbium alloying aluminum silicon alloy of the present invention, the weight percent of each component of described alloy is: silicon is 9.0 ~ 13.5%, and ytterbium is 0.05 ~ 0.4%, and surplus is aluminium.
The preparation method of a kind of Rare earth element ytterbium alloying aluminum silicon alloy of the present invention, after it is characterized in that aluminum-silicon alloy in plumbago crucible being heated to fusing, at 770 ~ 790 DEG C of temperature, add the aluminium-ytterbium master alloy of said components weight percent, be incubated 5 ~ 8 minutes; Then apply interval ultrasonic, ultrasound intensity is 10w/cm
2~ 38w/cm
2, each ultrasonic time is 20 ~ 30 seconds, 20 ~ 30 seconds intermittent times, and ultrasonic time amounts to 120 ~ 300 seconds; Finally alloy melt is cooled to 720 ~ 740 DEG C, is incubated after 31 ~ 180 minutes, solidification forming under the speed of cooling of 40 ~ 60 DEG C/min.
Technique effect of the present invention is: under ultrasonication, rare earth element y b's adds refinement, the nodularization that obviously can promote α-Al phase; Make needle shaped eutectic silicon become point-like or rod-short, and make it distribute more to disperse, evenly, thus the microstructure of aluminium alloy and mechanical property are significantly improved.Present invention process is simple, safe and reliable, easy to operate, and three-waste free pollution.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the microstructure of the alloy casting state prepared under embodiment 1 condition.
Fig. 2 is the microstructure of the alloy casting state prepared under embodiment 5 condition.
Embodiment
The present invention will be described further by following examples.
Embodiment 1.Conventional processing.
By siliceous for 13.5%(weight percent) Al-Si alloy join in plumbago crucible, be warming up to 770 DEG C, after alloy all melts, melt be down to 720 ~ 740 DEG C of insulations 31 minutes with the speed of cooling cast molding of 40 DEG C/min.
Embodiment 2.
By siliceous for 13.0%(weight percent) Al-Si Alloy join in plumbago crucible, be warming up to 780 DEG C, after alloy all melts, add Al-Yb master alloy, wherein rare earth element y b accounts for 0.05% of alloy gross weight, is incubated 7 minutes; Stretched in above-mentioned alloy melt by ultrasonic amplitude transformer and carry out interval supersound process, ultrasound intensity is 10w/cm
2, each ultrasonic time is 25 seconds, 25 seconds intermittent times, ultrasonic time 120 seconds; Melt is down to 720 DEG C and is incubated 60 minutes with the speed of cooling cast molding of 60 DEG C/min.
Embodiment 3.
By siliceous for 12.0%(weight percent) Al-Si alloy join in plumbago crucible, be warming up to 790 DEG C, after alloy all melts, add Al-Yb master alloy, wherein rare earth element y b accounts for 0.08% of alloy gross weight, is incubated 6 minutes; Stretched in above-mentioned alloy melt by ultrasonic amplitude transformer and carry out interval supersound process, ultrasound intensity is 15w/cm
2, each ultrasonic time is 30 seconds, 20 seconds intermittent times, ultrasonic time 160 seconds; Melt is down to 720 DEG C and is incubated 180 minutes with the speed of cooling cast molding of 60 DEG C/min.
Embodiment 4.
By siliceous for 11.0%(weight percent) Al-Si Alloy join in plumbago crucible, be warming up to 780 DEG C, after alloy all melts, add Al-Yb master alloy, wherein rare earth element y b accounts for 0.1% of alloy gross weight, is incubated 5 minutes; Stretched in above-mentioned alloy melt by ultrasonic amplitude transformer and carry out interval supersound process, ultrasound intensity is 0.6kw/cm
2, each ultrasonic time is 20 seconds, 20 seconds intermittent times, ultrasonic time 240 seconds; Melt is down to 740 DEG C and is incubated 120 minutes with the speed of cooling cast molding of 50 DEG C/min.
Embodiment 5.
By siliceous for 10.0%(weight percent) Al-Si alloy join in plumbago crucible, be warming up to 770 DEG C, after alloy all melts, add Al-Yb master alloy, wherein rare earth element y b accounts for 0.3% of alloy gross weight, is incubated 8 minutes; Stretched in above-mentioned alloy melt by ultrasonic amplitude transformer and carry out interval supersound process, ultrasound intensity is 38w/cm
2, each ultrasonic time is 30 seconds, 30 seconds intermittent times, ultrasonic time 180 seconds; Melt is down to 720 insulation 160 minutes with the speed of cooling cast molding of 60 DEG C/min.
Embodiment 6.
By siliceous for 9.0%(weight percent) Al-Si alloy join in plumbago crucible, be warming up to 780 DEG C, after alloy all melts, add Al-Yb master alloy, wherein rare earth element y b accounts for 0.4% of alloy gross weight, is incubated 7 minutes; Stretched in above-mentioned alloy melt by ultrasonic amplitude transformer and carry out interval supersound process, ultrasound intensity is 30w/cm
2, each ultrasonic time is 30 seconds, 30 seconds intermittent times, ultrasonic time 270 seconds, melt is down to 740 DEG C and is incubated 90 minutes with the speed of cooling cast molding of 60 DEG C/min.
By the ingot casting sampling that embodiment 1 and embodiment 5 obtain, after polishing, polishing, corrosion, observe alloy microscopic structure under an optical microscope, as accompanying drawing 1(embodiment 1) and accompanying drawing 2(embodiment 5) shown in.As can be seen from attached Fig. 1 and 2, Rare Earth Y b adds refinement, the nodularization that obviously can promote α-Al phase; The block primary silicon of band wedge angle is disappeared; Needle shaped eutectic silicon becomes point-like or rod-short, and makes it distribute more to disperse, evenly, thus the microstructure of aluminium alloy is significantly improved.
The ingot casting that embodiment 1 and embodiment 5 obtain is processed into Φ 5 circular cross section tension specimen according to GB/T 228-2002.After measured, in embodiment 1 tension specimen tensile strength be 163.62MPa, unit elongation is 5.97%; In embodiment 5, the tensile strength of tension specimen is 252.83Mpa, and unit elongation is 12.40%.As can be seen here, under embodiment 5 processing condition Rare Earth Y b add the mechanical property that can significantly improve aluminium alloy.
Claims (1)
1. the preparation method of a Rare earth element ytterbium alloying aluminum silicon alloy, the weight percent of each component of alloy is: silicon is 9.0 ~ 13.5%, ytterbium is 0.05 ~ 0.4%, surplus is aluminium, after it is characterized in that aluminum-silicon alloy in plumbago crucible being heated to fusing, at 770 ~ 790 DEG C of temperature, add the aluminium-ytterbium master alloy of said components weight percent, be incubated 5 ~ 8 minutes; Then apply interval ultrasonic, ultrasound intensity is 10w/cm
2~ 38w/cm
2, each ultrasonic time is 20 ~ 30 seconds, 20 ~ 30 seconds intermittent times, and ultrasonic time amounts to 120 ~ 300 seconds; Finally alloy melt is cooled to 720 ~ 740 DEG C, is incubated after 31 ~ 180 minutes, solidification forming under the speed of cooling of 40 ~ 60 DEG C/min.
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| CN103924127B (en) * | 2014-03-21 | 2016-08-17 | 南昌大学 | The preparation method of aluminum lanthanum ytterbium ternary intermediate alloy |
| CN105568076B (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2018-09-07 | 新疆众和股份有限公司 | A kind of high-purity AlSi14A alloys and its preparation process |
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