CN103466900B - Method and device for deeply treating livestock and poultry breeding sewage - Google Patents
Method and device for deeply treating livestock and poultry breeding sewage Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 60
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 52
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000005276 aerator Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 claims description 11
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- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 10
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- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
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- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
- Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种深度处理畜禽养殖污水的方法及装置，它主要由集水池、畜禽粪污固液分离装置、微曝气调节池、厌氧氨氧化反应器、短程硝化反应器、反硝化除磷SBBR反应器构成。本装置利用废水中丰富的有机物作为反硝化碳源，反硝化效率高，无需外加碳源，具有短程硝化功能避免亚硝酸盐累积，适用于处理含高氨氮、高COD的畜禽养殖污水，同步去除COD、总氮、氨氮和总磷能力高；且工艺简单，能耗低，污泥产生量小；装置模块化，便于制作和安装，成套装置组合灵活、简单，投资小，占地少，能突破环境的限制，便于施工建设及推广。
The invention discloses a method and device for advanced treatment of livestock and poultry breeding sewage, which mainly consists of a sump, a solid-liquid separation device for livestock and poultry manure, a micro-aeration regulating tank, an anammox reactor, a short-range nitrification reactor, Denitrification and phosphorus removal SBBR reactor. This device uses rich organic matter in wastewater as a carbon source for denitrification. The denitrification efficiency is high, no additional carbon source is required, and it has a short-range nitrification function to avoid nitrite accumulation. It is suitable for treating livestock and poultry breeding sewage containing high ammonia nitrogen and high COD. Synchronous High ability to remove COD, total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus; simple process, low energy consumption, and small amount of sludge; modularized equipment, easy to manufacture and install, flexible and simple combination of complete sets of equipment, small investment, small footprint, It can break through the limitation of the environment, and is convenient for construction and promotion.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于环境保护领域，特别涉及一种深度处理畜禽养殖污水的方法及装置。The invention belongs to the field of environmental protection, and in particular relates to a method and device for advanced treatment of livestock and poultry breeding sewage.
背景技术Background technique
畜禽养殖废水具有典型的“三高”特征，有机物含量高，氨氮含量高，固形悬浮物含量高，且废水成份复杂、水质水量波动大。采用传统厌氧+好氧工艺处理养殖污水的应用与研究比较多，但是大都存在运行负荷较低，去除氨氮、总氮、总磷能力也较低，基建投资大，运行成本高，管理难度大，企业负担重的缺点。Livestock and poultry breeding wastewater has typical "three highs" characteristics, high content of organic matter, high content of ammonia nitrogen, high content of suspended solids, complex wastewater components, and large fluctuations in water quality and quantity. There are many applications and researches on the treatment of aquaculture sewage by traditional anaerobic + aerobic process, but most of them have low operating load, low ability to remove ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus, large infrastructure investment, high operating cost, and difficult management. , the disadvantage of heavy burden on enterprises.
由于养殖粪污的特殊性，如何有效的分离粪渣与污水，并实现储存、装卸、运输的简单化，不仅是降低后续生化处理成本的关键，也是源头处置的重要措施。同时，养殖污水的低C/N比特性，在生物脱氮工艺中需要大量的有机碳源作为电子供体，传统工艺如果C/N<2.5，没有外加有机碳源，反硝化就无法有效的进行，而如果C/N<4，反硝化容器体积要提高1.5-1.7倍；因此在处理养殖废水这类超低C/N比高浓度含氮废水时，传统生物脱氮工艺表现出极大的局限性；而传统好氧生物除磷过程需要大量的动力消耗，且产生大量的剩余污泥。Due to the particularity of farming manure, how to effectively separate manure from sewage and simplify storage, loading and unloading, and transportation is not only the key to reducing the cost of subsequent biochemical treatment, but also an important measure for source disposal. At the same time, the low C/N ratio of aquaculture sewage requires a large amount of organic carbon sources as electron donors in the biological denitrification process. If the traditional process has C/N<2.5, denitrification will not be effective without additional organic carbon sources. However, if C/N<4, the volume of the denitrification container should be increased by 1.5-1.7 times; therefore, the traditional biological denitrification process shows a great However, the traditional aerobic biological phosphorus removal process requires a large amount of power consumption and produces a large amount of residual sludge.
目前国内外研究畜禽养殖污水的处理有许多，构筑物多采用钢筋混凝土结构，结构复杂，投资大，而且大多数方法处理效果都不理想，出水的水质达不到排放的要求，形不成规模推广应用，制约了畜禽养殖污水深度处理的研究与推广应用。At present, there are many studies on the treatment of livestock and poultry breeding sewage at home and abroad. Most of the structures adopt reinforced concrete structures, which are complex in structure and large in investment. Moreover, the treatment effect of most methods is not ideal. The application restricts the research and popularization and application of the advanced treatment of livestock and poultry breeding sewage.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种去除COD、氨氮、总氮、总磷能力高、实现装置的模块化以利于制作和安装、成套装置可根据养殖场规模实行单组串联组合或多组并联组合使用，装置灵活、简单、占地小，便于施工建设和推广的深度处理畜禽养殖污水的方法及装置。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for removing COD, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus, which has a high ability to remove COD, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus, and realizes the modularization of the device to facilitate production and installation. The complete set of devices can be combined in series or in series according to the scale of the farm. The method and device for advanced treatment of livestock and poultry breeding sewage are used in parallel combination, flexible and simple, occupy a small area, and are convenient for construction and popularization.
本发明以如下技术方案解决上述技术问题：The present invention solves the above technical problems with the following technical solutions:
（1）提升泵根据液位计信号工作，把集水池中的畜禽粪污送入畜禽粪污固液分离装置，同时启动固液挤压机，滤渣落入料槽中存储待运做有机肥料，滤液由溢流管道进入微曝气调节池处理；(1) The lifting pump works according to the signal of the liquid level gauge, and sends the livestock and poultry manure in the sump to the solid-liquid separation device of livestock and poultry manure, and at the same time starts the solid-liquid extruder, and the filter residue falls into the trough for storage to be transported. For organic fertilizers, the filtrate enters the micro-aeration regulating tank from the overflow pipe for treatment;
（2）微曝气调节池中的提升泵根据液位计信号工作，滤液经布水器进入第一级厌氧氨氧化反应器，智能控制系统间歇开启或关闭阀门给微曝气调节池中的预曝气头供气；(2) The lifting pump in the micro-aeration regulating tank works according to the signal of the liquid level gauge. The filtrate enters the first-stage anaerobic ammonium oxidation reactor through the water distributor, and the intelligent control system intermittently opens or closes the valve to the micro-aeration regulating tank. The pre-aeration head air supply;
（3）将第一级厌氧氨氧化反应器的出水送入短程硝化反应器，智能控制系统根据预设参数或探头反馈信息确定何时给曝气器供气，短程硝化反应器的出水一部分送至微曝气调节池，余下部分送入第二级厌氧氨氧化反应器进一步处理；(3) The effluent from the first-stage anammox reactor is sent to the short-cut nitrification reactor, and the intelligent control system determines when to supply air to the aerator according to the preset parameters or the probe feedback information, and part of the effluent from the short-cut nitrification reactor Sent to the micro-aeration regulating tank, and the remaining part is sent to the second-stage anaerobic ammonium oxidation reactor for further processing;
（4）将第二级厌氧氨氧化反应器出水接入反硝化除磷SBBR反应器，智能控制系统根据预设参数或探头反馈信息确定何时给曝气器供气，反硝化除磷SBBR反应器的排水由智能控制系统控制排水或手动排水。(4) Connect the effluent of the second-stage anammox reactor to the denitrification and phosphorus removal SBBR reactor, and the intelligent control system determines when to supply air to the aerator according to the preset parameters or the probe feedback information, and the denitrification and phosphorus removal SBBR The drainage of the reactor is controlled by an intelligent control system or manually.
经上述方法处理后的污水水质主要指标达到化学需氧量（CODcr）≤100mg/L，五日生化需氧量（BOD5）≤30mg/L，氨氮≤25mg/L，总氮≤40mg/L，总磷≤3.0mg/L，悬浮物（SS）≤70mg/L，pH值6-9。The main indicators of sewage water quality treated by the above method reach chemical oxygen demand (CODcr) ≤ 100mg/L, five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD 5 ) ≤ 30mg/L, ammonia nitrogen ≤ 25mg/L, total nitrogen ≤ 40mg/L , total phosphorus ≤ 3.0mg/L, suspended solids (SS) ≤ 70mg/L, pH 6-9.
本发明的专用设备为：Special equipment of the present invention is:
1.畜禽粪污固液分离装置：1. Livestock and poultry manure solid-liquid separation device:
畜禽粪污固液分离装置主体为碳钢材质，矩形锥斗结构，喷涂环氧沥青漆防腐；装置的顶部有可拆卸的遮雨棚，装置内设有料槽，料槽上方有固液挤压机，料槽斗底有卸料闸板；固液挤压机的滤渣落入料槽中存储待运做有机肥料，滤液进入微曝气调节池处理；The main body of the solid-liquid separation device for livestock and poultry manure is made of carbon steel, with a rectangular cone structure, and is sprayed with epoxy asphalt paint for anticorrosion; the top of the device has a detachable rain shelter, and there is a trough inside the device, above which there is a solid-liquid extrusion There is a discharge ram at the bottom of the hopper of the press machine; the filter residue of the solid-liquid extrusion machine falls into the trough for storage to be transported as organic fertilizer, and the filtrate enters the micro-aeration regulating tank for treatment;
2.厌氧氨氧化反应器：2. Anammox reactor:
厌氧氨氧化反应器主体为碳钢材质，矩形封闭式结构，反应器内腔喷涂环氧沥青漆防腐；反应器内有隔板将反应器内腔分隔成氨氧化前室和氨氧化后室；氨氧化前室和氨氧化后室的底部都安装有布水器，上部都安装有出水堰槽，氨氧化后室的出水堰槽比氨氧化前室的出水堰槽低3-10cm，出水堰槽与布水器之间都安装有组合填料；反应器进水管与氨氧化前室底部的布水器连通，氨氧化前室的出水堰槽通过管道与氨氧化后室底部的布水器连通；反应器出水从氨氧化后室的出水堰槽接出；The main body of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation reactor is made of carbon steel and has a rectangular closed structure. The inner chamber of the reactor is sprayed with epoxy asphalt paint for corrosion protection; there is a partition in the reactor to separate the inner chamber of the reactor into an ammonium oxidation front chamber and an ammonium oxidation rear chamber ; The bottom of the ammonia oxidation front chamber and the ammonia oxidation rear chamber are all equipped with water distributors, and the upper part is equipped with a water outlet weir. Combined packing is installed between the weir tank and the water distributor; the reactor inlet pipe is connected to the water distributor at the bottom of the ammonia oxidation front chamber, and the outlet weir tank of the ammonia oxidation front chamber passes through the pipeline to the water distributor at the bottom of the ammonia oxidation rear chamber connected; the effluent of the reactor is connected from the weir and groove of the effluent chamber after the ammonia oxidation;
厌氧氨氧化反应器的氨氧化前室和氨氧化后室顶部都设沼气出口，并联后接入安全水封器；氨氧化前室和氨氧化后室底部装有排渣阀。The top of the ammonium oxidation front chamber and the ammonium oxidation rear chamber of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation reactor are equipped with biogas outlets, and connected in parallel to a safety water seal; the bottom of the ammonium oxidation front chamber and the ammonium oxidation rear chamber is equipped with a slag discharge valve.
3.短程硝化反应器：3. Short-range nitrification reactor:
短程硝化反应器主体为碳钢材质，矩形封闭式结构，顶部设排气出口，反应器内腔喷涂环氧沥青漆防腐；反应器内有隔板将内腔分隔成硝化前室和硝化后室；硝化前室和硝化后室的底部都安装有曝气器，曝气器至出水管口之间都安装有组合填料；反应器进水管从硝化前室上部竖直向下进入U型管，隔板底部开设过水孔使硝化前室和硝化后室连通，反应器出水管在硝化后室上部先进入一个竖直向下的U型管后接出反应器外；硝化前室和硝化后室底部装设有排渣阀。The main body of the short-range nitrification reactor is made of carbon steel, with a rectangular closed structure, with an exhaust outlet on the top, and the inner chamber of the reactor is sprayed with epoxy asphalt paint for corrosion protection; there is a partition in the reactor to divide the inner chamber into a nitrification front chamber and a nitrification rear chamber Aerators are installed at the bottom of the nitrification front chamber and the nitrification rear chamber, and combined fillers are installed between the aerator and the outlet pipe; the reactor inlet pipe enters the U-shaped pipe vertically from the upper part of the nitrification front chamber, A water hole is set at the bottom of the partition to connect the nitrification front chamber and the nitrification rear chamber. The reactor outlet pipe first enters a vertically downward U-shaped pipe at the upper part of the nitrification rear chamber and then connects out of the reactor; the nitrification front chamber and the nitrification rear chamber A slag discharge valve is installed at the bottom of the chamber.
4.反硝化除磷SBBR反应器：4. Denitrification phosphorus removal SBBR reactor:
反硝化除磷SBBR反应器主体为碳钢材质，矩形封闭式结构，顶部设排气出口，反应器内腔喷涂环氧沥青漆防腐；反应器底部安装有曝气器，曝气器至反应器的二分之一高度处都安装有组合填料；反应器进水管从上部进入，出水管位置在反应器高度的二分之一处；反应器底部装设有排渣阀。The main body of the denitrification dephosphorization SBBR reactor is made of carbon steel, with a rectangular closed structure, with an exhaust outlet on the top, and the inner cavity of the reactor is sprayed with epoxy asphalt paint for corrosion protection; the bottom of the reactor is equipped with an aerator, and the aerator is connected to the reactor Combined packing is installed at half of the height of the reactor; the reactor inlet pipe enters from the upper part, and the outlet pipe is located at half of the height of the reactor; a slag discharge valve is installed at the bottom of the reactor.
本发明的深度处理畜禽养殖污水的方法，利用废水中丰富的有机物作为反硝化碳源，反硝化效率高，无需外加碳源，具有短程硝化功能避免亚硝酸盐累积，适用于处理含高氨氮、高COD的畜禽养殖污水，同步去除COD、总氮、氨氮和总磷能力高；且工艺简单，能耗低，污泥产生量小；装置模块化，便于制作和安装，成套装置组合灵活、简单，投资小，占地少，能突破环境的限制，便于施工建设及推广。The method for advanced treatment of livestock and poultry breeding sewage of the present invention utilizes abundant organic matter in wastewater as a carbon source for denitrification, has high denitrification efficiency, does not require an additional carbon source, has short-range nitrification function to avoid nitrite accumulation, and is suitable for treating high-ammonia-nitrogen content , high COD livestock and poultry breeding sewage, high ability to simultaneously remove COD, total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus; and the process is simple, low energy consumption, and small sludge production; the device is modular, easy to manufacture and install, and the complete set of devices is flexible , Simple, small investment, less land occupation, can break through environmental restrictions, and facilitate construction and promotion.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明一种深度处理畜禽养殖污水的方法的工艺流程图。Fig. 1 is a process flow chart of a method for advanced treatment of livestock and poultry breeding sewage according to the present invention.
图2为本发明的设备结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the device structure of the present invention.
图3为畜禽粪污固液分离装置结构示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a solid-liquid separation device for livestock and poultry manure.
图4为厌氧氨氧化反应器的结构示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an anammox reactor.
图5为短程硝化反应器的结构示意图。Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a short-path nitration reactor.
图6为反硝化除磷SBBR反应器的结构示意图。Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a SBBR reactor for denitrification and phosphorus removal.
图中：1-集水池，2-畜禽粪污固液分离装置，3-微曝气调节池，4-第一级厌氧氨氧化反应器，5-短程硝化反应器，6-回流管道，7-第二级厌氧氨氧化反应器，8-反硝化除磷SBBR反应器，9-风机，10-沼气发电装置，11-提升泵，12-太阳能发电装置，13-沼气净化灌装装置，14-智能控制系统，15-液位计；21-固液挤压机，22-可拆卸遮雨棚，23-可拆卸支撑脚，24-料槽，25-滑轮式卸料闸板，26-溢流管道；31-提升泵，32-预曝气头，33-液位计，34-单向阀；41-隔板，42-前室布水器，43-前室出水堰槽，44-前室组合填料，45-进水管，46-过水管道，47-出水管，48-沼气出口，49-前室人孔，410-安全水封器，411-排渣阀，412-氨氧化前室，413-氨氧化后室，414-后室布水器，415-后室水堰槽，416-后室组合填料，417-后室人孔；51-隔板，52-前室曝气器，53-出水管，54-前室组合填料，55-进水管，56-前室U型管，57-过水孔，58-排渣阀，59-排气口，510-前室人孔，511-硝化前室，512-硝化后室，513-后室曝气器，514-后室组合填料，515-后室U型管，516-后室人孔；81-人孔，82-排气口，83-曝气器，84-组合填料，85-进水管，86-出水管，87-U型管，88-排渣阀。In the figure: 1-water collection tank, 2-solid-liquid separation device for livestock and poultry manure, 3-micro-aeration regulating tank, 4-first-stage anaerobic ammonium oxidation reactor, 5-short-path nitrification reactor, 6-reflux pipeline , 7-second-stage anaerobic ammonium oxidation reactor, 8-denitrification phosphorus removal SBBR reactor, 9-fan, 10-biogas power generation device, 11-lift pump, 12-solar power generation device, 13-biogas purification filling Device, 14-intelligent control system, 15-liquid level gauge; 21-solid-liquid extruder, 22-removable canopy, 23-detachable support feet, 24-feed trough, 25-pulley type discharge gate , 26-overflow pipe; 31-lift pump, 32-pre-aeration head, 33-liquid level gauge, 34-one-way valve; 41-baffle, 42-water distributor in the front room, 43-outlet weir in the front room Groove, 44- front chamber combined filler, 45- water inlet pipe, 46- water pipe, 47- water outlet pipe, 48- biogas outlet, 49- front chamber manhole, 410- safety water seal, 411- slag discharge valve, 412-ammonia oxidation front chamber, 413-ammonia oxidation rear chamber, 414-rear chamber water distributor, 415-rear chamber water weir tank, 416-rear chamber combined packing, 417-rear chamber manhole; 51-partition, 52 -Front chamber aerator, 53-Water outlet pipe, 54-Front chamber combined packing, 55-Inlet pipe, 56-Front chamber U-shaped pipe, 57-Water hole, 58-Slag discharge valve, 59-Exhaust port, 510-front chamber manhole, 511-nitration front chamber, 512-nitration rear chamber, 513-rear chamber aerator, 514-rear chamber combined packing, 515-rear chamber U-shaped pipe, 516-rear chamber manhole; 81 -Manhole, 82-exhaust port, 83-aerator, 84-combined packing, 85-water inlet pipe, 86-water outlet pipe, 87-U-shaped pipe, 88-slag discharge valve.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
本发明公开了一种深度处理畜禽养殖污水的方法及装置，它主要由集水池、畜禽粪污固液分离装置、微曝气调节池、厌氧氨氧化反应器、短程硝化反应器、反硝化除磷SBBR反应器构成，本装置去除COD、氨氮、总氮、总磷能力高，工艺简单，通过装置的模块化，便于制作和安装，成套装置可根据不同规模养殖场的排污量实行单组串联组合与多组并联组合使用，装置灵活、简单，占地小，便于施工建设和推广。The invention discloses a method and device for advanced treatment of livestock and poultry breeding sewage, which mainly consists of a sump, a solid-liquid separation device for livestock and poultry manure, a micro-aeration regulating tank, an anammox reactor, a short-range nitrification reactor, The denitrification phosphorus removal SBBR reactor is composed of a denitrification dephosphorization SBBR reactor. This device has a high ability to remove COD, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus. The process is simple. Through the modularization of the device, it is easy to manufacture and install. Single-group series combination and multi-group parallel combination use, the device is flexible and simple, occupies a small area, and is convenient for construction and promotion.
其具体工艺是提升泵11根据液位计15信号工作，把集水池1中的畜禽粪污提升进入畜禽粪污固液分离装置2，同时启动固液挤压机21，滤渣落入料槽24中存储待运做有机肥料，滤液由溢流管道26自流进入微曝气调节池3待处理；微曝气调节池3中的提升泵31根据液位计33信号工作，把滤液提升并通过布水器42进入第一级厌氧氨氧化反应器4，智能控制系统14间歇开启或关闭阀门给微曝气调节池3中的预曝气头32供气；将第一级厌氧氨氧化反应器4出水通过管道接入短程硝化反应器5的进水端U形管56，智能控制系统14根据预设参数或探头（溶解氧、PH值、ORP值等）反馈信息，智能开启或关闭阀门给曝气器52供气，短程硝化反应器5出水一部分通过回流管道6送至微曝气调节池，余下部分通过管道接入第二级厌氧氨氧化反应器7进一步处理；将第二级厌氧氨氧化反应器7出水通过管道接入反硝化除磷SBBR反应器8，智能控制系统14根据预设参数或探头（液位计、溶解氧、PH值、ORP值等）反馈信息开启或关闭阀门给曝气器83供气，反硝化除磷SBBR反应器8的排水由智能控制系统自动开启阀门通过出水管86排水或手动排水。The specific process is that the lifting pump 11 works according to the signal of the liquid level gauge 15, lifts the livestock and poultry manure in the sump 1 into the livestock and poultry manure solid-liquid separation device 2, and starts the solid-liquid extruder 21 at the same time, and the filter residue falls into the material. Storage in the tank 24 is to be transported as an organic fertilizer, and the filtrate flows into the micro-aeration regulating tank 3 by overflow pipe 26 to be treated; the lifting pump 31 in the micro-aerating regulating tank 3 works according to the signal of the liquid level gauge 33, and the filtrate is lifted and discharged. Enter the first-stage anammox reactor 4 through the water distributor 42, and the intelligent control system 14 intermittently opens or closes the valve to supply air to the pre-aeration head 32 in the micro-aeration regulating tank 3; The outlet water of the oxidation reactor 4 is connected to the U-shaped pipe 56 at the water inlet end of the short-path nitrification reactor 5 through a pipeline, and the intelligent control system 14 intelligently turns on or Close the valve to supply air to the aerator 52, and a part of the short-range nitrification reactor 5 outlet water is sent to the micro-aeration regulating tank through the return pipeline 6, and the remaining part is connected to the second-stage anammox reactor 7 through the pipeline for further processing; The outlet water from the secondary anammox reactor 7 is connected to the denitrification dephosphorization SBBR reactor 8 through pipelines, and the intelligent control system 14 feeds back information according to preset parameters or probes (level gauge, dissolved oxygen, PH value, ORP value, etc.) Open or close the valve to supply air to the aerator 83, and the denitrification dephosphorization SBBR reactor 8 is drained by the intelligent control system automatically opening the valve and draining through the outlet pipe 86 or manually.
本发明还可以采用如下技术措施：The present invention can also adopt following technical measures:
该处理装置还包括沼气发电装置10、太阳能发电装置12、沼气净化灌装装置13、智能控制系统14，所述上述处理装置所需用电可以由沼气发电装置、太阳能发电装置提供，节约能源。沼气也可以通过沼气净化灌装设备实现高附加值使用，替代其它燃气能源。为便于处理装置的自动化控制，该装置还包括智能控制系统14，该智能控制系统可以购买相关器件进行设计，主要是控制提升泵15、提升泵31，固液挤压机21、风机9、各个阀门、沼气发电装置10、太阳能发电装置12、沼气净化灌装装置13等需要开启、关闭控制的设备与阀门。该控制系统的设计对本领域的技术人员较为常见，因此具体设计控制方案在此不予描述。The treatment device also includes a biogas power generation device 10, a solar power generation device 12, a biogas purification and filling device 13, and an intelligent control system 14. The power required by the above-mentioned processing device can be provided by the biogas power generation device and the solar power generation device to save energy. Biogas can also be used with high added value through biogas purification and filling equipment to replace other gas energy sources. For the convenience of automatic control of the processing device, the device also includes an intelligent control system 14, which can be designed by purchasing related devices, mainly controlling the lifting pump 15, the lifting pump 31, the solid-liquid extruder 21, the fan 9, each Valves, biogas power generation device 10, solar power generation device 12, biogas purification and filling device 13 and other equipment and valves that need to be opened and closed. The design of the control system is relatively common to those skilled in the art, so the specific design control scheme will not be described here.
畜禽粪污固液分离装置2主体为碳钢材质，矩形锥斗结构，装置内部喷涂环氧沥青漆防腐；装置的料槽24上方有固液挤压机21，固液挤压机上方设可拆卸遮雨棚22，料槽24的四角架设在可拆卸的支撑脚23上，锥斗底装有滑轮式卸料闸板25；固液挤压机21出来的滤渣含水率50%-80%，落入料槽24中存储待运做有机肥料，滤液由溢流管道26自流进入微曝气调节池3待处理。The main body of the livestock and poultry manure solid-liquid separation device 2 is made of carbon steel, with a rectangular cone structure, and the interior of the device is sprayed with epoxy asphalt paint for anticorrosion; there is a solid-liquid extruder 21 above the trough 24 of the device, and a solid-liquid extruder is installed above the solid-liquid extruder. Detachable canopy 22, the four corners of trough 24 are erected on detachable support feet 23, the bottom of the cone bucket is equipped with a pulley type discharge gate 25; the moisture content of the filter residue from the solid-liquid extruder 21 is 50%-80 %, fall into the feed tank 24 and store to be transported as organic fertilizer, and the filtrate enters the micro-aeration regulating tank 3 by overflow pipe 26 to be treated by gravity.
厌氧氨氧化反应器4主体为碳钢材质，矩形封闭式结构，反应器内腔喷涂环氧沥青漆防腐；反应器内的隔板41将反应器分隔成氨氧化前室412和氨氧化后室413；氨氧化前室412和氨氧化后室413底部分别安装有布水器42和414，上部分别安装有出水堰槽43和415，氨氧化后室413的出水堰槽415比氨氧化前室412的出水堰槽43低3-10cm，各室出水堰槽与布水器之间分别安装有组合填料44或416；反应器进水管45连通氨氧化前室412底部的布水器42，氨氧化前室412上部的出水堰槽43通过过水管道46与氨氧化后室413底部的布水器414连通；反应器出水管47从氨氧化后室413的出水堰槽415接出；厌氧氨氧化反应器4的氨氧化前室412和氨氧化后室413顶部分别设沼气出口48及人孔49和417，沼气出口管并联后接入安全水封器410；氨氧化前室412和氨氧化后室413底部分别装有排渣阀411。The main body of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation reactor 4 is made of carbon steel and has a rectangular closed structure. The interior of the reactor is sprayed with epoxy asphalt paint for corrosion protection; the partition 41 in the reactor separates the reactor into an ammonium oxidation front chamber 412 and an ammonium oxidation rear chamber. Chamber 413; Water distributor 42 and 414 are respectively installed at the bottom of chamber 412 and chamber 413 after ammonia oxidation; The water outlet weir groove 43 of the chamber 412 is 3-10cm low, and the combined filler 44 or 416 is respectively installed between the water outlet weir groove and the water distributor of each chamber; the reactor inlet pipe 45 is connected to the water distributor 42 at the bottom of the ammonia oxidation front chamber 412, The outlet weir groove 43 on the top of the ammonia oxidation front chamber 412 is communicated with the water distributor 414 at the bottom of the ammonia oxidation rear chamber 413 through the water pipe 46; the reactor outlet pipe 47 is connected from the outlet water weir groove 415 of the ammonia oxidation rear chamber 413; The top of the ammonium oxidation anterior chamber 412 and the ammonium oxidation rear chamber 413 of the oxygen ammoxidation reactor 4 are provided with a biogas outlet 48 and manholes 49 and 417 respectively, and the biogas outlet pipes are connected in parallel to a safety water sealer 410; the ammonium oxidation anterior chamber 412 and Slag discharge valves 411 are respectively installed at the bottom of the chamber 413 after ammonia oxidation.
短程硝化反应器5主体为碳钢材质，矩形封闭式结构，反应器内腔喷涂环氧沥青漆防腐；反应器内隔板51将反应器分隔成硝化前室511和硝化后室512；硝化前室和硝化后室的底部分别安装有前室曝气器52和后室曝气器513，前室曝气器52至进水管55的管口之间安装有前室组合填料54，后室曝气器513至出水管53的管口之间安装有后室组合填料514，反应器进水管55从硝化前室511上部进入后竖直向下40-60cm形成U型管56，隔板51底部开设过水孔57使硝化前室和硝化后室连通，反应器出水管53从硝化后室512上部接出，出水管53先形成一个竖直向下40-60cm的后室U型管515后接出反应器外；硝化前室和硝化后室底部装有排渣阀58。反应器顶部设排气口59和人孔510（516）。The main body of the short-path nitrification reactor 5 is made of carbon steel and has a rectangular closed structure. The inner chamber of the reactor is sprayed with epoxy asphalt paint for corrosion protection; the reactor inner partition 51 separates the reactor into a nitrification front chamber 511 and a nitrification rear chamber 512; The front chamber aerator 52 and the rear chamber aerator 513 are respectively installed at the bottom of the chamber and the chamber after nitrification, and the front chamber combined filler 54 is installed between the front chamber aerator 52 and the nozzle of the water inlet pipe 55, and the rear chamber aerator A rear chamber composite packing 514 is installed between the nozzle of the gas device 513 and the water outlet pipe 53, and the reactor water inlet pipe 55 enters from the top of the nitrification front chamber 511 and then vertically descends 40-60 cm to form a U-shaped pipe 56, and the bottom of the partition plate 51 A water hole 57 is provided to communicate with the nitrification front chamber and the nitrification rear chamber, and the reactor outlet pipe 53 is connected from the upper part of the nitrification rear chamber 512, and the outlet pipe 53 first forms a U-shaped pipe 515 in the rear chamber vertically downward 40-60 cm Connected to the outside of the reactor; slagging valve 58 is installed at the bottom of the nitrification front chamber and the nitrification rear chamber. The top of the reactor is provided with an exhaust port 59 and a manhole 510 (516).
反硝化除磷SBBR反应器8主体为碳钢材质，矩形封闭式结构，顶部设排气口82和人孔81，反应器内腔喷涂环氧沥青漆防腐；反应器底部安装有曝气器83，曝气器以上至反应器高度的二分之一处都安装有组合填料84；反应器进水管85从上部进入后竖直向下40-60cm形成U型管87，出水管86位置在反应器高度的二分之一处；反应器底部装设排渣阀88。The main body of the denitrification dephosphorization SBBR reactor 8 is made of carbon steel, and has a rectangular closed structure. The top is equipped with an exhaust port 82 and a manhole 81. The inner cavity of the reactor is sprayed with epoxy asphalt paint for corrosion protection; the bottom of the reactor is installed with an aerator 83 1/2 place above the aerator to the height of the reactor is equipped with a combined filler 84; the reactor inlet pipe 85 enters from the top and vertically goes down 40-60cm to form a U-shaped pipe 87, and the outlet pipe 86 is positioned at the reaction One-half of the height of the reactor; a slagging valve 88 is installed at the bottom of the reactor.
实施例1：Example 1:
玉林市某养殖场，养殖规模存栏30000羽种鸡场，采用干清粪工艺，日排污水20立方米。污水的主要污染物CODcr为5000-8000mg/L，氨氮为600-1000mg/L，SS为5000-8000mg/L，PH为6-8。A farm in Yulin City, with a breeding scale of 30,000 breeders, adopts the dry manure cleaning process, and discharges 20 cubic meters of sewage per day. The main pollutants of sewage CODcr is 5000-8000mg/L, ammonia nitrogen is 600-1000mg/L, SS is 5000-8000mg/L, and PH is 6-8.
采用本发明工艺方法及装置处理，工艺设备为：集水池+固液分离装置（1套）+微曝气调节池+第一级厌氧氨氧化反应器（1套）+短程硝化反应器（1套）+第二级厌氧氨氧化反应器（1套）+反硝化除磷SBBR反应器（1套）。Using the process method and device of the present invention, the process equipment is: water collection tank + solid-liquid separation device (1 set) + micro-aeration regulating tank + first-stage anaerobic ammonium oxidation reactor (1 set) + short-range nitrification reactor ( 1 set) + second stage anammox reactor (1 set) + denitrification phosphorus removal SBBR reactor (1 set).
具体操作流程为：提升泵11根据液位计15信号工作，把集水池1中的畜禽粪污提升进入畜禽粪污固液分离装置2，同时启动固液挤压机21，滤渣落入料槽24中存储待运做有机肥料，滤液由溢流管道26自流进入微曝气调节池3待处理；微曝气调节池3中的提升泵31根据液位计33信号工作，把滤液提升后再通过布水器42进入第一级厌氧氨氧化反应器4，智能控制系统14间歇开启或关闭阀门给微曝气调节池3中的预曝气头32供气；将第一级厌氧氨氧化反应器4出水通过管道接入短程硝化反应器5的进水端U形管56，智能控制系统14根据预设参数或探头（溶解氧、PH值、ORP值等）反馈信息，智能开启或关闭阀门给曝气器52供气，短程硝化反应器5出水一部分通过回流管道6送至微曝气调节池，余下部分通过管道接入第二级厌氧氨氧化反应器7进一步处理；将第二级厌氧氨氧化反应器7出水通过管道接入反硝化除磷SBBR反应器8，智能控制系统14根据预设参数或探头（液位计、溶解氧、PH值、ORP值等）反馈信息开启或关闭阀门给曝气器83供气，反硝化除磷SBBR反应器8的排水由智能控制系统自动开启阀门通过出水管86排水或手动排水。The specific operation process is: the lifting pump 11 works according to the signal of the liquid level gauge 15, lifts the livestock and poultry manure in the sump 1 into the livestock and poultry manure solid-liquid separation device 2, and starts the solid-liquid extruder 21 at the same time, and the filter residue falls into the solid-liquid separation device 2. Store in the hopper 24 to be transported as organic fertilizer, and the filtrate flows into the micro-aeration regulating tank 3 by overflow pipe 26 to be treated; the lifting pump 31 in the micro-aerating regulating tank 3 works according to the signal of the liquid level gauge 33 to lift the filtrate Enter the first-stage anammox reactor 4 through the water distributor 42 again, and the intelligent control system 14 intermittently opens or closes the valve to supply air to the pre-aeration head 32 in the micro-aeration regulating tank 3; The outlet water of the oxygen ammonia oxidation reactor 4 is connected to the U-shaped pipe 56 of the water inlet end of the short-path nitrification reactor 5 through a pipeline, and the intelligent control system 14 feeds back information according to preset parameters or probes (dissolved oxygen, PH value, ORP value, etc.), intelligently Open or close the valve to supply air to the aerator 52, part of the outlet water from the short-path nitrification reactor 5 is sent to the micro-aeration regulating tank through the return pipeline 6, and the remaining part is connected to the second-stage anammox reactor 7 through the pipeline for further processing; The effluent from the second-stage anammox reactor 7 is connected to the denitrification phosphorus removal SBBR reactor 8 through pipelines, and the intelligent control system 14 is based on preset parameters or probes (level gauge, dissolved oxygen, PH value, ORP value, etc.) Feedback information opens or closes the valve to supply air to the aerator 83, and the denitrification dephosphorization SBBR reactor 8 drains the water by the intelligent control system automatically opening the valve and draining through the outlet pipe 86 or manually.
经上述方法处理后的污水水质主要指标化学需氧量（CODcr）≤90mg/L，五日生化需氧量（BOD5）≤20mg/L，氨氮≤15mg/L，总氮≤30mg/L，总磷≤3.0mg/L，悬浮物（SS）≤70mg/L，pH值6-9。The main indicators of sewage water quality treated by the above method are chemical oxygen demand (CODcr) ≤ 90mg/L, five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD 5 ) ≤ 20mg/L, ammonia nitrogen ≤ 15mg/L, total nitrogen ≤ 30mg/L, Total phosphorus ≤ 3.0mg/L, suspended solids (SS) ≤ 70mg/L, pH 6-9.
实施例2：Example 2:
玉林市某养殖场，养殖规模存栏5000头生猪，采用干清粪工艺，日排污水80立方米。污水的主要污染物CODcr为5000-700mg/L，氨氮为600-1000mg/L，SS为5000-8000mg/L，PH为6-8。A farm in Yulin City has a breeding scale of 5,000 pigs, adopts the dry manure cleaning process, and discharges 80 cubic meters of sewage per day. The main pollutants of sewage CODcr is 5000-700mg/L, ammonia nitrogen is 600-1000mg/L, SS is 5000-8000mg/L, and PH is 6-8.
具体操作流程如实施例1。The specific operation process is as in embodiment 1.
采用本发明工艺方法及装置处理，工艺流程为单组多个串联组合形式：集水池+固液分离装置（1套）+微曝气调节池+第一级厌氧氨氧化反应器（3套串联）+短程硝化反应器（1套）+第二级厌氧氨氧化反应器（2套串联）+反硝化除磷SBBR反应器（2套并联）。Using the process method and device of the present invention, the process flow is a single group of multiple series combinations: water collection tank + solid-liquid separation device (1 set) + micro-aeration regulating tank + first-stage anammox reactor (3 sets) series) + short-range nitrification reactor (1 set) + second-stage anammox reactor (2 sets in series) + denitrification phosphorus removal SBBR reactor (2 sets in parallel).
经上述方法处理后的污水水质主要指标化学需氧量（CODcr）≤85mg/L，五日生化需氧量（BOD5）≤18mg/L，氨氮≤10mg/L，总氮≤20mg/L，总磷≤2.0mg/L，悬浮物（SS）≤70mg/L，pH值6-9。The main indicators of sewage water quality treated by the above method are chemical oxygen demand (CODcr) ≤ 85mg/L, five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD 5 ) ≤ 18mg/L, ammonia nitrogen ≤ 10mg/L, total nitrogen ≤ 20mg/L, Total phosphorus ≤ 2.0mg/L, suspended solids (SS) ≤ 70mg/L, pH 6-9.
实施例3：Example 3:
玉林市某养殖场，养殖规模存栏12000头生猪，采用干清粪工艺，日排污水200立方米。污水的主要污染物CODcr为5000-750mg/L，氨氮为700-1000mg/L，SS为5000-8000mg/L，PH为6-8。A farm in Yulin City has a breeding scale of 12,000 pigs. It adopts the dry manure cleaning process and discharges 200 cubic meters of sewage per day. The main pollutants of sewage CODcr is 5000-750mg/L, ammonia nitrogen is 700-1000mg/L, SS is 5000-8000mg/L, and PH is 6-8.
具体操作流程如实施例1。The specific operation process is as in Example 1.
采用本发明工艺方法及装置处理，工艺流程为2组并联的形式，其中每一组的多个串联组合为：集水池+固液分离装置（1套）+微曝气调节池+第一级厌氧氨氧化反应器（3套串联）+短程硝化反应器（1套）+第二级厌氧氨氧化反应器（2套串联）+反硝化除磷SBBR反应器（2套并联）Adopting the process method and device of the present invention, the process flow is in the form of 2 groups in parallel, wherein the multiple series combinations of each group are: water collection tank + solid-liquid separation device (1 set) + micro-aeration regulating tank + first stage Anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor (3 sets in series) + short-range nitrification reactor (1 set) + second-stage anammox reactor (2 sets in series) + denitrification phosphorus removal SBBR reactor (2 sets in parallel)
经上述方法处理后的污水水质主要指标化学需氧量（CODcr）≤80mg/L，五日生化需氧量（BOD5）≤15mg/L，氨氮≤8mg/L，总氮≤15mg/L，总磷≤1.5mg/L，悬浮物（SS）≤70mg/L，pH值6-9。The main indicators of sewage water quality treated by the above method are chemical oxygen demand (CODcr) ≤ 80mg/L, five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD 5 ) ≤ 15mg/L, ammonia nitrogen ≤ 8mg/L, total nitrogen ≤ 15mg/L, Total phosphorus ≤ 1.5mg/L, suspended solids (SS) ≤ 70mg/L, pH 6-9.
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