CN103466476B - Tower crane - Google Patents
Tower crane Download PDFInfo
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- CN103466476B CN103466476B CN201310444492.9A CN201310444492A CN103466476B CN 103466476 B CN103466476 B CN 103466476B CN 201310444492 A CN201310444492 A CN 201310444492A CN 103466476 B CN103466476 B CN 103466476B
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241001270131 Agaricus moelleri Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000251131 Sphyrna Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a tower crane. The tower crane comprises: a balance arm (10); a boom (20); a tower head (30) connected between the balance arm (10) and the crane arm (20); the upper support (40) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the tower head (30); and a hoisting mechanism (50) fixedly arranged on the upper support (40). According to the tower crane, the problems that the overall structure of the balance arm is complex, the number of additional platforms is large, and loading and unloading are complex in the prior art can be solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to construction hoisting machinery field, in particular to a kind of tower crane.
Background technology
Tower crane is a kind of important construction machinery equipment, is widely used in the industries such as building.According to version, it can be divided into two kinds: hammerhead and flat-top tower crane.But its keystone configuration form is all basically identical.Particularly the form of three great institutions layouts is also substantially identical, as: lifting mechanism is positioned at equilibrium arm near counterbalanced weight position; Luffing mechanism is positioned at crane arm first arm section; Swing type mechanism is positioned on upper bracket.
During tower machine long-play, the reasons such as three great institutions time of runs are of a specified duration, attrition is large, cause mechanism part fault rate high, particularly lifting motor and retarder easily go wrong, and at this moment hang tower machine during maintenance and have just become large problem.
Figure 1 shows that certain model flat-top tower crane, in figure, sequence number 1 is counterbalanced weight; Sequence number 2 is lifting mechanism; Sequence number 3 is equilibrium arm; Sequence number 4 is tower head; Sequence number 5 is crane arm; 6 is driver's cab; 7 is upper bracket, and its lifting mechanism 2 is arranged on equilibrium arm 3.
The equilibrium arm of Fig. 2 model tower machine for this reason, this equilibrium arm is single-unit formula equilibrium arm, in figure, sequence number 2 is lifting mechanism, because the size of lifting mechanism 2 is larger, thus need to set up multiple platform 8 and railing 9, cause equilibrium arm overall structure complicated, complementary platform is many, handling are complicated, are also inconvenient in addition transport.
Upper traditional structure forms composition is simple, but it exists following problem: 1, balance arm main chord span is subject to the impact of lifting mechanism scantling of structure, needs to set up multiple platform; 2, lifting mechanism is not easy to safeguard, when particularly motor and retarder go wrong.
Summary of the invention
The present invention aims to provide a kind of tower crane, and complicated to solve equilibrium arm overall structure in prior art, complementary platform is many, the problem that handling are complicated.
To achieve these goals, according to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of tower crane, comprising: equilibrium arm; Crane arm; Tower head, is connected between equilibrium arm and crane arm; Upper bracket, is fixedly installed on the bottom of tower head; And lifting mechanism, be fixedly installed on upper bracket.
Further, upper bracket is fixedly installed erecting stage, lifting mechanism is fixedly installed on erecting stage.
Further, erecting stage is also provided with the gin-pole mechanism of lifting lifting mechanism.
Further, tower crane also comprises the driver's cab be fixedly installed on upper bracket, and lifting mechanism is positioned at the proceeds posterolateral of driver's cab.
Further, longitudinal midplane of lifting mechanism overlaps with longitudinal midplane of equilibrium arm.
Further, equilibrium arm is fixedly installed leading sheave, is connected on lifting mechanism after the raising line pile warp leading sheave of tower crane; Leading sheave comprises two of being fixedly installed on equilibrium arm and installs otic placode and be arranged on two wheel bodys installed between otic placode rotationally.
Further, leading sheave also comprises gear rope part, and gear rope part is positioned at the outer circumferential side of wheel body, and is fixedly installed on installation otic placode.
Further, install between otic placode for two and be provided with bearing pin, wheel body is arranged on bearing pin rotationally, and the periphery wall of the external part of bearing pin is provided with draw-in groove, and install on otic placode and be fixedly installed axle end baffle plate, axle end baffle plate is fastened in draw-in groove.
Further, tower crane also comprises counterweight, and counterweight is arranged on the first end away from crane arm of equilibrium arm, and leading sheave is arranged on the position near counterweight on equilibrium arm.
Further, upper bracket and tower head one welding fabrication.
Apply technical scheme of the present invention, tower crane comprises equilibrium arm, crane arm, tower head, upper bracket and lifting mechanism.Tower head is connected between equilibrium arm and crane arm; Upper bracket is fixedly installed on the bottom of tower head; Lifting mechanism is fixedly installed on upper bracket.By changing the setting position of lifting mechanism, lifting mechanism is arranged on upper bracket, the structure of equilibrium arm can be made simpler, and without the need to arranging special erecting stage to install lifting mechanism, therefore processing and fabricating is more prone to, for lifting mechanism, also convenient daily maintenance, installs and removes fast convenient.Lifting mechanism is positioned at the proceeds posterolateral of described driver's cab, facilitates driver observation to arrange rope situation, so that driver can go and find out what's going in time, avoids occurring row's rope problem, improves the safety of tower machine work.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The accompanying drawing forming a part of the present invention is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and schematic description and description of the present invention, for explaining the present invention, does not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 shows the structural representation of tower crane of the prior art;
Fig. 2 shows the structural representation of the equilibrium arm of the tower crane according to Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 shows the structural representation of tower crane according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 shows the structure for amplifying schematic diagram at the tower crane L place of the embodiment according to Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 shows the mounting structure schematic diagram of lifting mechanism according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 shows the plan structure schematic diagram of equilibrium arm according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7 shows the structural representation of leading sheave according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 8 shows the A of the leading sheave of the embodiment according to Fig. 7 to semi-sictional view structural representation;
Fig. 9 shows two multiplying power wiring structural representations of raising line according to an embodiment of the invention;
Figure 10 shows four multiplying power wiring structural representations of raising line according to an embodiment of the invention;
Figure 11 shows tower head upper bracket integral structure schematic diagram according to an embodiment of the invention; And
Figure 12 shows the plan structure schematic diagram of the tower head upper bracket integral structure of the embodiment according to Figure 11.
Reference numeral: 10, equilibrium arm; 20, crane arm; 30, tower head; 40, upper bracket; 50, lifting mechanism; 11, leading sheave; 111, otic placode is installed; 112, wheel body; 113, gear rope part; 114, bearing pin; 115, baffle plate; 12, counterweight; 41, erecting stage; 42, gin-pole mechanism; 43, driver's cab; 44, maintenance platform; 45, driver's cab platform; 51, rope sheave is arranged; 52, hoisting drum; 53, lifting motor.
Detailed description of the invention
Hereinafter also describe the present invention in detail with reference to accompanying drawing in conjunction with the embodiments.It should be noted that, when not conflicting, the embodiment in the application and the feature in embodiment can combine mutually.
As shown in Figures 3 to 12, according to embodiments of the invention, tower crane comprises equilibrium arm 10, crane arm 20, tower head 30, upper bracket 40, undersetting, swing type mechanism and tower body, wherein undersetting is fixedly installed on tower body, upper bracket 40 is arranged on undersetting rotationally by swing type mechanism, the bottom of tower head 30 is fixedly installed on upper bracket 40, and equilibrium arm 10 and crane arm 20 are all fixedly connected on tower head 30.Tower crane also comprises lifting mechanism 50, and this lifting mechanism 50 is fixedly installed on upper bracket 40, for carrying out lifting operation by raising line to weight.
In the present embodiment, change the setting position of lifting mechanism 50 in tradition, by it from original equilibrium arm 10 position transfer to upper bracket 40, thus, just do not need on equilibrium arm 10, to arrange special platform to place lifting mechanism 50, also, and only need equilibrium arm 10 to be fixedly installed on upper bracket 40 because lifting mechanism 50 is oversize and carry out other transformations to equilibrium arm 10 without the need to considering.When safeguarding lifting mechanism 50, operating personal directly just can operate in upper bracket 40 position, and do not need to be introduced on equilibrium arm 10, and then the setting position of lifting mechanism 50 is arrived along equilibrium arm 10, be therefore more convenient to carry out maintaining and daily monitoring to lifting mechanism 50.Because lifting mechanism 50 is no longer arranged on equilibrium arm 10, the both sides of equilibrium arm 10, without platform etc., therefore again without the need to needing to transform equilibrium arm 10 according to arranging of lifting mechanism 50, making the structure of equilibrium arm 10 more simple, transporting and assemble convenient.
In conjunction with see shown in Fig. 3 to Fig. 5, lifting mechanism 50 comprises row rope sheave 51, hoisting drum 52 and lifting motor 53, raising line winding is on hoisting drum 52, lifting motor 53 drives with hoisting drum 52 and is connected, hoisting drum 52 is driven to rotate, with release or recovery raising line, thus realize the handling action of weight.Row's rope sheave 51 is arranged on the outer circumferential side of hoisting drum 52, for carrying out spacing to raising line, prevents the generation of the phenomenons such as disorder cable.Preferably, longitudinal midplane of lifting mechanism 50 overlaps with longitudinal midplane of equilibrium arm 10, and this kind of structure can ensure that lifting mechanism 50 is operationally stressed and more balance, and also can ensure that the row of hoisting mechanism steel wire rope restricts effect simultaneously.
In conjunction with see shown in Figure 11 and 12, preferably, upper bracket 40 is fixedly installed erecting stage 41, erecting stage 41 is provided with lifting mechanism erection support, row's rope sheave 51 of lifting mechanism 50, hoisting drum 52 and lifting motor 53 all various piece are all fixedly installed on lifting mechanism erection support.Erecting stage 41 is provided with operational space, can be used for operating personal to stand, to safeguard lifting mechanism 50 on erecting stage 41 and the operation such as maintenance.
Preferably, erecting stage 41 is also provided with gin-pole mechanism erection support, this gin-pole mechanism erection support is provided with the gin-pole mechanism 42 of lifting lifting mechanism 50.This gin-pole mechanism 42 is fixedly installed on erecting stage 41, comprise hoisting bracket and be arranged on the pulley on hoisting bracket, when lifting mechanism 50 needs to return repair in shop reason, part lifting mechanism 50 can damaged goes back to ground by gin-pole mechanism 42 handling, after lifting mechanism 50 keeps in repair, by gin-pole mechanism 42 lifting mechanism 50 handling gone back to the installation site on erecting stage 41, lifting mechanism 50 is installed, is therefore more convenient to safeguard lifting mechanism 50.
Preferably, tower crane also comprises the driver's cab 43 be fixedly installed on upper bracket 40, and lifting mechanism 50 is positioned at the rear of driver's cab 43.Lifting mechanism 50 is important mechanism, but often there is the problems such as the row's of hoisting rope, rope skipping, particularly arrange rope problem, and general tower crane is placed on equilibrium arm 10 due to lifting mechanism 50, being not easy to driver observes, if go wrong, can not understand real time status in time, and lifting mechanism 50 is arranged at driver's cab 43 rear herein, when driver operation and observable to hoist situation such as row's rope etc., driver is gone and found out what's going in time, improves the safety that tower machine operates.In the present embodiment, upper bracket 40 is also fixedly installed driver's cab platform 45, driver's cab 43 is fixedly installed on driver's cab platform 45.
Upper bracket 40 can also arrange a maintenance platform 44, this maintenance platform 44 for when overhauling swing type mechanism for operating personal provides operational space.
Preferably, equilibrium arm 10 is fixedly installed leading sheave 11, is connected on lifting mechanism 50 after the raising line pile warp leading sheave 11 of tower crane, the leading sheave 11 at this place is mainly used in raising line fall line.
In conjunction with see shown in Fig. 6 to Fig. 8, in the present embodiment, be fixedly installed erecting frame between two main chords of equilibrium arm 10, leading sheave 11 comprise be fixedly installed on equilibrium arm 10 erecting frame on two otic placodes 111 are installed and are arranged on two wheel bodys 112 installed between otic placode 111 rotationally.Preferably, leading sheave 11 also comprises gear rope part 113, and gear rope part 113 is positioned at the outer circumferential side of wheel body 112, and be fixedly installed on installation otic placode 111, the effect of gear rope can be played, prevent raising line from the process of work, deviating from leading sheave 11, improve the safety that leading sheave 11 works.
In the present embodiment, install between otic placode 111 for two and be provided with bearing pin 114, wheel body 112 is arranged on bearing pin 114 rotationally.The first end of bearing pin 114 is provided with stop lug, second end of bearing pin 114 is provided with stop part, by the cooperation of stop part and stop lug, can by spacing for bearing pin 114 on installation otic placode 111, and can prevent bearing pin 114 from coming off from installation otic placode 111.Preferably, in the present embodiment, the periphery wall of the external part of bearing pin 114 is provided with draw-in groove, stop part is be fixedly installed on the axle end baffle plate 115 installed on otic placode 111, axle end baffle plate 115 is fastened in draw-in groove, can form axial limiting to bearing pin 114, prevents bearing pin 114 from moving axially.When installation shaft end-stopping plate 115, first bearing pin 114 is spread out of from installation otic placode 111, and expose draw-in groove, then axle end baffle plate 115 is arranged in draw-in groove, finally by bolt, axle end baffle plate 115 is fixedly installed on installation otic placode 111.
The in/out rope angle of tower crane pulley gear is a very important parameter, if in/out rope angle is excessive, then can cause comparatively galling to pulley, reduces the service life of leading sheave 11.The leading sheave 11 of general tower crane is positioned at tower head 30 place, makes the distance between leading sheave 11 and lifting mechanism 50 less, therefore the serious wear of leading sheave 11, expends larger.
In conjunction with see shown in Fig. 9 and Figure 10, the raising line of the present embodiment is released by hoisting drum 52, arrange rope sheave 51 in mechanism after, the leading sheave 11 walked around on equilibrium arm 10 enters the load lifting limiter pulley on tower top downwards, forward again around arriving loading trolley and lifting hook pulley group, finally fag end is passed through rope clamp, be fixed on the anti-twisting equipment of crane arm 20 head with bearing pin, the baudrier of lifting hook pulley group herein determines the multiplying power that hoists of raising line.In this design, because the directional sliding wheel distance lifting mechanism 50 at equilibrium arm 10 place is comparatively far away, in/out rope angle can be controlled in more among a small circle, therefore can improve the service life of leading sheave 11, reduces the cost of leading sheave 11.
Tower crane also comprises counterweight 12, and counterweight 12 is arranged on the first end away from crane arm 20 of equilibrium arm 10.Preferably, leading sheave 11 is arranged on the position near counterweight 12 on equilibrium arm 10, can ensure to have larger distance between directed pulley and lifting mechanism 50.
Preferably, upper bracket 40 and tower head 30 one welding fabrication, tower head 30 main chord is directly welded on upper bracket 40, and weld adopts polylith to strengthen gusset reinforcement, to ensure having enough weld strengths between tower head 30 and upper bracket 40.Generally speaking, connection precision between upper bracket 40 and tower head 30 is very important, for avoiding occurring tower head 30 play when lift heavy, the upper bracket 40 needed and the connection precision of tower head 30 higher, process also more complicated, and in the process of long-term work, the connection precision between upper bracket 40 and tower head 30 will inevitably reduce gradually, affect the stability that tower head 30 works, and then reduce the stability of whole tower crane.And by upper bracket 40 and tower head 30 one welding fabrication, then effectively can avoid the problems referred to above, and the cost of processing and fabricating can be saved.
As can be seen from the above description, the above embodiments of the present invention achieve following technique effect:
1, make the structure of equilibrium arm more simplify, processing and fabricating is more simple, reduces productive costs and the difficulty of processing of equilibrium arm.
2, lifting mechanism mounting or dismounting and safeguard convenient, reduce the labour intensity of staff.
3, avoid the appearance of tower head play problem, improve the stability of tower crane work, save cost of manufacture and the processing request of tower head and upper bracket.
4, reduce the in/out rope angle of leading sheave, extend the service life of leading sheave.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a tower crane, is characterized in that, comprising:
Equilibrium arm (10);
Crane arm (20);
Tower head (30), is connected between described equilibrium arm (10) and described crane arm (20);
Upper bracket (40), is fixedly installed on the bottom of described tower head (30); And
Lifting mechanism (50), is fixedly installed on described upper bracket (40);
Described equilibrium arm (10) is fixedly installed leading sheave (11), is connected on described lifting mechanism (50) after leading sheave (11) described in the raising line pile warp of described tower crane; Described leading sheave (11) comprises two wheel bodys (112) installed otic placode (111) and be arranged on rotationally between two described installation otic placodes (111) be fixedly installed on described equilibrium arm (10);
Described tower crane also comprises counterweight (12), described counterweight (12) is arranged on the first end away from described crane arm (20) of described equilibrium arm (10), and described leading sheave (11) is arranged on the upper position near described counterweight (12) of described equilibrium arm (10).
2. tower crane according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described upper bracket (40) is fixedly installed erecting stage (41), described lifting mechanism (50) is fixedly installed on described erecting stage (41).
3. tower crane according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described erecting stage (41) is also provided with the gin-pole mechanism (42) of the described lifting mechanism of lifting (50).
4. tower crane according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described tower crane also comprises the driver's cab (43) be fixedly installed on described upper bracket (40), and described lifting mechanism (50) is positioned at the proceeds posterolateral of described driver's cab (43).
5. tower crane according to claim 1, is characterized in that, longitudinal midplane of described lifting mechanism (50) overlaps with longitudinal midplane of described equilibrium arm (10).
6. tower crane according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described leading sheave (11) also comprises gear rope part (113), described gear rope part (113) is positioned at the outer circumferential side of described wheel body (112), and is fixedly installed on described installation otic placode (111).
7. tower crane according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, bearing pin (114) is provided with between two described installation otic placodes (111), described wheel body (112) is arranged on described bearing pin (114) rotationally, the periphery wall of the external part of described bearing pin (114) is provided with draw-in groove, described installation otic placode (111) is fixedly installed axle end baffle plate (115), and described axle end baffle plate (115) is fastened in described draw-in groove.
8. tower crane according to any one of claim 1 to 5, is characterized in that, described upper bracket (40) and described tower head (30) one welding fabrication.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310444492.9A CN103466476B (en) | 2013-09-26 | 2013-09-26 | Tower crane |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310444492.9A CN103466476B (en) | 2013-09-26 | 2013-09-26 | Tower crane |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN103466476A CN103466476A (en) | 2013-12-25 |
| CN103466476B true CN103466476B (en) | 2015-10-28 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201310444492.9A Active CN103466476B (en) | 2013-09-26 | 2013-09-26 | Tower crane |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109592578B (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2021-07-02 | 中联重科股份有限公司 | Tower crane upper assembling structure and tower crane |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4053060A (en) * | 1976-02-13 | 1977-10-11 | Wilson Virgil D | Crane |
| CN2154250Y (en) * | 1992-06-07 | 1994-01-26 | 印丹怡 | Mini-tower hoist |
| CN2454346Y (en) * | 2000-11-29 | 2001-10-17 | 孙在鲁 | Lower-revolving self-loading type light crane |
| CN201495051U (en) * | 2009-08-24 | 2010-06-02 | 中昇建机(南京)重工有限公司 | Crane jib for flat-top tower crane |
| CN101880009A (en) * | 2010-07-21 | 2010-11-10 | 哈尔滨华拓金属结构有限公司 | Flat-head tower crane |
| CN202193566U (en) * | 2011-07-23 | 2012-04-18 | 周杨 | Two-material combining tower crane |
-
2013
- 2013-09-26 CN CN201310444492.9A patent/CN103466476B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4053060A (en) * | 1976-02-13 | 1977-10-11 | Wilson Virgil D | Crane |
| CN2154250Y (en) * | 1992-06-07 | 1994-01-26 | 印丹怡 | Mini-tower hoist |
| CN2454346Y (en) * | 2000-11-29 | 2001-10-17 | 孙在鲁 | Lower-revolving self-loading type light crane |
| CN201495051U (en) * | 2009-08-24 | 2010-06-02 | 中昇建机(南京)重工有限公司 | Crane jib for flat-top tower crane |
| CN101880009A (en) * | 2010-07-21 | 2010-11-10 | 哈尔滨华拓金属结构有限公司 | Flat-head tower crane |
| CN202193566U (en) * | 2011-07-23 | 2012-04-18 | 周杨 | Two-material combining tower crane |
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| CN103466476A (en) | 2013-12-25 |
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