CN103464361B - A kind of combined type maize seed grading machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a combined corn seed classifier, which relates to the field of agricultural machinery, and is characterized in that it includes a frame unit, a drum screening unit, a plane screening unit, an inclination adjustment unit, and a material input and output unit. The rack unit includes a square steel frame, the front upper baffle, the right side baffle, the left side baffle, and the rear baffle; the drum screening unit includes a primary drum, a secondary drum, supporting spokes, and a sprocket. The first and second rollers are fixed on the same shaft by the supporting spokes, and connected with the output shaft of the motor through sprockets and chains. The first and second drums are punched with rectangular holes, and there are raised edges along the direction of the rectangular holes; the plane screening unit includes a screen frame, a vibrating motor, a plane screen, and a spring sheet. The screen is fixed on the screen frame, and the vibrating motor is located behind the screen frame to provide power; the inclination adjustment unit adopts the rocker type. The modular design of the screen is easy to replace and disassemble, and the materials can be divided into 2~7 grades, which improves the versatility and utilization rate.

Description

A Combined Corn Seed Grading Machine

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a combined corn seed classifier.

Background technique

Corn is an important food crop in my country. Since 2009, corn has become the grain crop with the largest sown area in my country. In 2012, the total sown area and total output of corn ranked first among the three major grain crops. Corn occupies a dominant position in my country's grain production. The increase in its output directly affects food security in our country. In 2011, the sown area of corn in my country reached 501.5 million mu, with a total output of 383.5 billion kg, and an average unit yield of 382.4 kg/mu, which is only half of the average yield of developed countries such as the United States and France. In the case of decreasing arable land year by year, the problem of increasing the average yield of corn per unit area is more serious.

Precision seeding has become one of the key technologies for the mechanization of corn production. It has the advantages of saving seeds, reducing artificial thinning and labor, and increasing crop yield. One of the measures.

The seed metering devices of the existing corn planters in my country are mostly mechanical, air suction, air blowing, etc., but because the corn seeds are not graded, the shape and size of the seeds are uneven, resulting in re-seeding, missed sowing, and so on during mechanical sowing. Seed mechanical damage and other issues.

According to the agronomic technical requirements of corn precision seeding, the present invention designs a combined classifier, which divides corn seeds into 2 grades according to roundness and flatness, and then divides them into 3 grades according to size. The device adopts a modular design, and the seeds can be divided into 2-7 grades by replacing the screen. At the same time, the device can also classify the shape and size of other materials, improving the utilization rate and versatility of the device.

By searching domestic and foreign patent documents, journals and other published documents (such as the Internet), the present invention has not been reported at home and abroad, and we have not published articles related to the content of the present invention. The present invention is unknown to the public at home and abroad. .

Contents of the invention

(1) Technical problems to be solved

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to provide a combined corn classifier, which can separate round and flat grains from seeds and divide them into three grades: large, medium and small. Modular design is adopted, the screen is easy to maintain and replace, and the materials can be divided into 2-7 grades. At the same time, the device can also classify the shape and size of other materials, improving the utilization rate and versatility of the device.

(2) Technical solutions

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a combined corn seed classifier, which includes: a frame unit, a drum screening unit, a plane screening unit, an inclination adjustment unit, and a material input and output unit.

The rack unit includes: a rack (29) and surrounding baffles (24), thereby forming a semi-enclosed working space.

The drum screening unit comprises: a primary drum (5), a secondary drum (4), a drum main shaft (18), a supporting spoke (26), a drum collecting upper shell (22), a drum collecting lower shell (23) bearing Seat (17), sprocket wheel (1), hairbrush (3). The right end of described one-level cylinder (5), the left end of secondary cylinder (4) is fixed on the same supporting wheel spoke (26) by bolt, and supporting wheel spoke (26) and cylinder main shaft (18) are welded together. The right end of the drum main shaft (18) is connected together with the sprocket (1) through the pin (2), and the pin connection can play a certain role in overload protection, and the small sprocket (28) at the shaft end of the reduction motor (21) passes through The chain connects the sprocket (1) to provide power for the rotation. Described hairbrush (3) is fixed on the frame, and its head is in contact with the rotating cylinder to reach the effect of clearing. The drum collects the upper shell (22) and the drum collects the lower shell (23) and is riveted on the frame, and the primary drum (5) is punched with long parallel rectangular holes, and there are convex ribs along the rectangular hole direction. The secondary drum (4) has the same structure as the former, and the rectangular hole thickness is larger than the former, which is convenient for seeds to pass through the screen, and is divided into flat grains, round grains and extra-large round grains by thickness.

The plane screening unit comprises a screen frame (9), a screen cloth (10), an intermediate partition (13), a clamping device (14), a spring plate (19), a support rod (27) and a vibrating motor (20 ). Sieve frame (9) is welded by angle iron, is divided into three layers, and each layer welds a certain number of clamping devices (14). The screen cloth (10) adds a frame at three sides and is contained in the screen frame (9). There are dividing plates (13) in the middle of the two screens to separate, and reinforcing ribs are arranged at the bottom to increase the rigidity of the screens (10). The vibration motor (20) is fixed on the screen frame to provide the required power for vibration. Above-mentioned sieve frame (9) is supported by spring plate (19), and is fixed on the support rod (27), and one end of support rod (27) is connected on the frame (29) by pin (16), can rotate certain angle, The other end is supported by a threaded rod to adjust the angle of the plane screen (10). The screen cloth (10) is punched with round holes, and the diameter of the round holes of the upper screen cloth is larger. Under the influence of inclination angle, vibration and other factors, the seeds are divided into three grades from top to bottom: large, medium and small.

The inclination adjustment unit includes a rocker (31), a rocker fixation (11) and a support block (30). Two inclination adjustment units are established on the left side of the frame (29), and the rocking handle (11) is fixed on the frame (29), and the inner cavity has threads. The lower end of the rocking handle (31) is threaded, and turning the rocking handle (31) can produce relative movement with the rocking handle (11), changing the height of the left side of the machine, and then changing the inclination angle of the drum screening.

The material input and output unit is composed of a hopper (6), a flow regulating plate (7), a diversion groove (8), an oversized grain output port (25) and a plane screen discharge port (12). Under the action of its own weight, the material enters the drum screening unit through the diversion groove (8). The flow regulating plate (7) can roughly adjust the flow of the material by changing the size of the opening. The flat sieve outlet (12) is fixed on the screen, which can realize modular replacement and maintenance. 7 levels of seeds can be output by the output unit.

The combined corn seed classifier is a corn seed classifier, which can also be used for classifying other materials.

(3) Beneficial effects

The combined corn seed grading machine of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the reduction motor and the vibration motor are used to provide power for the drum screening unit and the plane screening unit respectively, the transmission device is simple and easy to replace; the rotation of the drum unit can The thickness of the seeds is divided into three levels: flat grains, round grains and super large round grains; the plane screening unit can divide the corn seeds into three levels according to the width: large, medium and small; through the adjustment of the inclination angle, the adjustment of the material adjustment plate, and the adjustment of the threaded rod can change the working time of the machine. parameters to achieve the best screening effect; the screen adopts a modular design, which can be replaced according to the size of the material, and the number of screens can also be increased or decreased according to the requirements of the screening process. The classifier can divide the material into 2 to 7 levels, and can also be used for grading other materials, which improves the versatility and utilization rate.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural schematic view of the front view of the overall mechanism after the baffle is removed;

Fig. 2 is a top view of the overall mechanism and a schematic structural view after the baffle is removed;

Fig. 3 is a left view of the overall mechanism and a schematic structural view after removing the baffle;

Fig. 4 is the right view of overall mechanism;

In the figure: 1—Sprocket 2—Pin 3—Brush 4—Secondary roller 5—First stage roller 6—Hopper 7—Flow regulating plate 8—Diverging groove 9—Sieve frame 10—Screen mesh 11—Rocking handle fixed 12—Plane screen outlet 13—Partition 14—Clamping device 15—Thread rod 16—Pin 17—Bearing seat 18—Roller main shaft 19—Spring plate 20—Vibration motor 21—Deceleration motor 22—Drum collection upper shell 23 —Drum collection lower shell 24—surrounding baffle 25—extra large grain output port 26—supporting spoke 27—support rod 28—small sprocket 29—frame 30—support block 31—rocking handle

Detailed ways

The specific implementation manners of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

The present invention is based on the following idea: 1. The drum is divided into two sections, and rectangular holes of different widths are punched, so that the seeds can be divided into three levels: flat grains, round grains, and super-large grains; There are convex edges in the direction, which is convenient for the target seeds to pass through the sieve holes; 3. The two-layer flat sieve is punched with round holes, which can simultaneously divide the round and flat seeds into three grades of large, medium and small according to the width. 4. The inclination angle of the drum screening can be adjusted through the rocker-type inclination adjustment unit, the screen surface inclination angle of the flat screen can be adjusted by the threaded rod, and the material adjustment plate can have a rough adjustment effect on the flow of the feeding material; 5. The drum screen and the The flat screen adopts a modular design, which can be easily replaced, removed or added according to the requirements of the screening process, and can be divided into 2 to 7 levels; 6. The device can also be used for grading materials in other industries to improve versatility and utilization. .

As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, and Figure 4, the combined corn seed classifier is mainly used in the classification of corn seeds, and can be divided into 3 levels according to the thickness, and the round grains and flat grains are divided into 3 levels according to the width. class. It includes: a rack unit, a drum screening unit, a plane screening unit, an inclination adjustment unit, and a material input and output unit.

(1) Described frame unit comprises: frame 29, surrounding baffle plate 24, thus forms a semi-enclosed working space;

Described frame 29 is skeleton by square steel, and the support device of hopper 6 is arranged on the left side, and the fixed mount of hairbrush 3 is arranged on the upper rear, and the fixing device of geared motor 21 is arranged on the right side.

Described reduction motor 21 is by right side small sprocket 28, transmits power as sprocket 1 on the drum main shaft 18 by chain.

(2) The drum screening unit includes: a primary drum 5, a secondary drum 4, a drum main shaft 18, a support spoke 26, a drum collecting upper shell 22, a drum collecting lower shell 23, a bearing seat 17, a sprocket 1, a wool Brush 3. The right end of the first-stage cylinder 5 and the left end of the secondary cylinder 4 are fixed on the same support spoke 26 by bolts, and the support spoke 26 and the cylinder main shaft 18 are welded together. The right end of the drum main shaft 18 is connected with the sprocket 1 through the pin 2, and the pin connection can play a certain role in overload protection, and the small sprocket 28 at the shaft end of the reduction motor 21 is connected with the sprocket 1 through a chain to provide power for rotation. . Described hairbrush 3 is fixed on the frame, and its head is in contact with the rotating cylinder to reach the effect of clearing. The drum collects the upper shell 22 and the drum collects the lower shell 23 and is riveted on the frame.

The drum screen is bolted to the spoke supports 26 to ensure the shape of the screen. The spoke support 26 is fixed on the drum main shaft 18, so designed to ensure that the power is transmitted to the screen, and has a certain protective effect on the screen. The first spoke support 26 on the left side of the drum is concave inwards to facilitate material feeding.

The drum collecting upper shell 22 and the drum collecting lower shell 23 can provide a relatively closed environment for drum screening, collect seeds, facilitate the seeds to enter the plane screening unit, and have a certain protective effect on machine operators.

The primary cylinder 5 is punched with long parallel rectangular holes, and there are convex ribs along the direction of the rectangular holes. The secondary cylinder 4 has the same structure as the former, and the thickness of the oblong holes is larger than the former. It is convenient for the target seeds to pass through the sieve, and is divided into flat grains, round grains and extra large round grains according to the thickness.

(3) Plane screening unit, including screen frame 9 , screen cloth 10 , intermediate partition 13 , clamping device 14 , spring plate 19 , support rod 27 and vibrating motor 20 . The sieve frame 9 is welded by angle iron and is divided into three layers, each layer is welded with a certain number of clamping devices 14 . The screen cloth 10 adds frames on three sides and is contained in the screen frame. The middles of the two screens are separated by partitions 13 , and the bottoms are provided with reinforcing ribs to increase the rigidity of the screens 10 . The vibration motor 20 is fixed on the screen frame to provide the required power for vibration. Above-mentioned sieve frame 9 is supported by spring plate 19, and is fixed on the support bar 27, and one section of support bar is connected on the frame by pin 16, can rotate certain angle, and the other end is supported by threaded rod, can adjust the plane screen 10 angle. A round hole is punched on the screen cloth 10, and the diameter of the round hole of the upper screen cloth is larger. Seeds are divided into three grades from top to bottom based on factors such as inclination angle and vibration.

(4) The inclination adjustment unit includes a rocker 31 , a rocker fixation 11 and a support block 30 . Two inclination adjustment units are established on the left side of the frame 29, and the rocking handle 11 is fixed on the frame 29, and the inner cavity is threaded. The lower end of the rocking handle 31 is threaded and the rotating handle 31 can move relative to the fixed handle 11 to change the height of the left side of the machine, and then change the inclination angle of the drum screening.

(5) The material input and output unit includes a hopper 6 , a flow regulating plate 7 , a diversion groove 8 , an oversize grain output port 25 and a plane screen discharge port 12 . Under the action of its own weight, the material enters the drum screening unit through the diversion groove 8. The flow regulating plate 7 can roughly adjust the flow of the material. The discharge port 12 of the plane sieve is fixed on the screen. Connected with the screen, it can realize modular replacement and maintenance. Seven levels of seeds can be output by the output unit.

The combined corn seed classifier described in the implementation of the present invention mainly classifies the shape and size of corn seeds.

The overall working process of the present invention is as follows: determine the speed of the geared motor, and transmit the power to the drum through the chain drive. Adjust the rocker of the inclination adjustment unit, and adjust the inclination of the screen surface of the plane sieve through the threaded rod. According to the process requirements and grade requirements of the screening, the screen is replaced or reduced, which can be divided into 2~7 grades. Turn on the gear motor and vibration motor. Put the material into the hopper, adjust the material adjustment plate, and the material enters the drum screening unit through the deflector by its own gravity. The graded seeds are respectively discharged through the corresponding outlets.

The invention can also be used for grading other materials by replacing the screen mesh, thereby improving the versatility and utilization rate of the machine.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the relevant technical field can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all Equivalent technical solutions also belong to the category of the present invention, and the scope of patent protection of the present invention should be defined by the claims.

Claims (5)

1. a combined type maize seed grading machine, is characterized in that, comprising: rack unit, rotary screen subdivision, horizontal screen subdivision, tilt adjustment unit, material input-output unit;

Described rack unit comprises: frame (29), surrounding baffle plate (24), the working space that formation one is closed thus;

Described rotary screen subdivision comprises: one-level cylinder (5), two stage cylinder (4), drum spindle (18), support spoke (26), cylinder collect upper casing (22), cylinder collection lower casing (23) bearing block (17), sprocket wheel (1), hairbrush (3); The right-hand member of described one-level cylinder (5), the left end of two stage cylinder (4) is bolted on same support spoke (26), and support spoke (26) and drum spindle (18) weld together; The right-hand member of described drum spindle (18) is linked together by pin (2) and sprocket wheel (1), pin connects can play certain overload protective function, the axle head minor sprocket (28) of reducing motor (21) connects sprocket wheel (1) by chain, provides power for rotating; Described hairbrush (3) is fixed in frame, and the cylinder contact of its head and rotation is to reach the effect of block clearing; Cylinder collects upper casing (22) and cylinder collection lower casing (23) is riveted on frame, and one-level cylinder (5) punching has long parallel oblong aperture, has fin along oblong aperture direction; Two stage cylinder (4) has identical structure with one-level cylinder (5), and the rectangular control thickness of oblong aperture Thickness Ratio one-level cylinder (5) is large; Be convenient to seed by screen cloth, be divided into flat grain, round shaped grain and especially big round shaped grain by thickness;

Described horizontal screen subdivision, comprises screen frames (9), screen cloth (10), central dividing plate (13), clamping device (14), latch plate (19), pressure pin (27) and vibrating motor (20); Screen frames (9) is welded by angle bar, is divided into three layers, the clamping device (14) of every layer of welding some; Screen cloth (10) adds frame on three limits, is contained in screen frames (9); The centre of two screen clothes has dividing plate (13) to separate respectively, and reinforcement is arranged at bottom, to increase the rigidity of screen cloth (10); Vibrating motor (20) is fixed on screen frames (9), provides vibration required drive; Above-mentioned screen frames (9) is supported by latch plate (19), and be fixed on pressure pin (27), one section of pressure pin (27) is connected in frame by pin (16), rotatable certain angle, the other end is supported by threaded rod, the angle of adjustable flat-surfaced screen (10); Screen cloth (10) upper punch has circular hole, and the Circularhole diameter of upper strata screen cloth is larger; Seed, under the factor effect of inclination angle, vibration, is divided into large, medium and small three grades from top to bottom;

Described tilt adjustment unit, comprises rocking handle (31), rocking handle fixes (11) and back-up block (30); Establish two tilt adjustment unit in frame (29) left side, rocking handle is fixed (11) is fixed in frame (29), and the inner chamber that rocking handle is fixed (11) has screw thread; Rocking handle (31) lower end has threads turn rocking handle (31) can fix (11) with rocking handle to produce relative movement, changes the height on the left of machine, and then changes the inclination angle of cylinder screening;

Described material input-output unit, comprises hopper (6), flow control board (7), guiding gutter (8), especially big grain delivery outlet (25) and plane and sifts out material mouth (12) composition; Material, under the effect of deadweight, enters rotary screen subdivision through guiding gutter (8); Flow control board (7) carries out coarse adjustment by changing openings of sizes to the flow of material; Horizontal screen discharging opening (12) is fixed on screen cloth, can realize modularization and change maintenance.

2. combined type maize seed grading machine as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described one-level cylinder (5), two stage cylinder (4) are fixed on by rectangular compass screen surface and support spoke (26) formation; Screen cloth rushes the parallel oblong aperture in long limit; And between oblong aperture, have fin along elongated hole direction, increase the probability of material by sieve aperture.

3. combined type maize seed grading machine as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that,

Described horizontal screen subdivision, by modularized design, is convenient to the screen cloth module composition pulled and pushed; Screen cloth (10) upper punch has circular hole.

4. combined type maize seed grading machine as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described horizontal screen subdivision is supported by latch plate (19), reduces oscillation crosswise, in case interfere with left and right side baffle plate.

5. the combined type maize seed grading machine as described in any one of Claims 1-4, is characterized in that, by adjustable inclination, material adjustable plate and threaded rod, can changing parameter during machine operation, to reach best screening effect; Screen cloth adopts modularized design, can change according to the size of material, also can increase by sieving technology requirement or reduce screen cloth quantity; Described combined type maize seed grading machine is corn seed operation, also can be used for the graded operation of other material.