CN103459992A - Vibration sensor - Google Patents
Vibration sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN103459992A CN103459992A CN2012800175683A CN201280017568A CN103459992A CN 103459992 A CN103459992 A CN 103459992A CN 2012800175683 A CN2012800175683 A CN 2012800175683A CN 201280017568 A CN201280017568 A CN 201280017568A CN 103459992 A CN103459992 A CN 103459992A
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- membranous disc
- optical fiber
- housing
- bragg grating
- high scale
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
- G01H9/004—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means using fibre optic sensors
Abstract
A sensor includes a housing adapted to be secured to a component within a system to be monitored by the sensor, an optical fiber, and a membrane spring assembly. The optical fiber includes a sensing portion containing a fiber Bragg grating that is able to undergo expansion and contraction resulting from movement of the optical fiber at a second location relative to a first location. The membrane spring assembly includes a membrane disc, wherein movement of a central portion thereof causes corresponding displacement of the optical fiber at the second location to cause expansion and contraction of the sensing portion of the optical fiber containing the fiber Bragg grating, which expansion and contraction effects a change in a light wavelength reflected by the fiber Bragg grating. The light wavelength reflected by the fiber Bragg grating can be used to measure movement of the central portion of the membrane disc.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of vibration transducer, relate more specifically to a kind of vibration transducer that comprises the optical fiber that contains Fiber Bragg Grating FBG.
Background technology
The generator used in the generating field field comprises stator winding, and it has and is pressed into a large amount of conductors or the stator bar among slit, particularly laminated stator iron core or rotor block in matrix.So very expensive and long-term investment of generator representative.Its inefficacy not only jeopardizes power equipment itself, and owing to also may causing the stop time be associated with maintenance very serious service to descend.
For fear of such situation, diagnostic system has been developed for the EARLY RECOGNITION of defect.Because voltage in generator is very high, usually use sensor technology for the diagnostic system of generator, it avoids electrical lead to be deployed in the structural situation in high voltage and may to cause arc discharge earthward at them.For example, the sensing signal in generator is by being carried such as optical conductors such as glass optical fibers.
Summary of the invention
According to a first aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of sensor that comprises housing, optical fiber and film spring assembly.Housing is suitable for being fixed to parts, and these parts are positioned at will be by a system of Sensor monitoring.Optical fiber is fixed in housing in the primary importance fixing with respect to housing and the second place that can move with respect to housing, makes the detecting part between primary importance and the second place of optical fiber can carry out by optical fiber mobile expansion and contraction produced with respect to primary importance at second place place.The detecting part of optical fiber comprises Fiber Bragg Grating FBG.The film spring assembly is arranged in housing and comprises membranous disc (membrane disc), the central portion that membranous disc has the fixed part fixing with respect to housing and can move with respect to housing.Central portion is fixed with respect to optical fiber at second place place, makes the movement of central portion can cause optical fiber correspondingly to be shifted at second place place, so that the detecting part that comprises Fiber Bragg Grating FBG of optical fiber expands and shrinks.The expansion of the detecting part of optical fiber and contraction can change the light wavelength by the Fiber Bragg Grating FBG reflection.Can be for the movement of the central portion of measuring membranous disc by the light wavelength of Fiber Bragg Grating FBG reflection.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of sensing system that comprises sensor.Sensor comprises housing, film spring assembly and optical fiber.Housing is suitable for being fixed to parts, and these parts are positioned at will be by a system of sensing system monitoring.The film spring assembly is arranged in housing, and comprises membranous disc and the first high scale and the second high scale.The movable part that membranous disc has the fixed part fixing with respect to housing and can move with respect to housing.The first high scale and the second high scale are positioned at the opposite side of membranous disc, and the maximum displacement deflection of the movable part of restriction membranous disc.Optical fiber is positioned at housing, and comprise the first fixing with respect to housing, the second portion that comprises Fiber Bragg Grating FBG and the fixing third part with respect to the movable part of membranous disc.The second portion of optical fiber, between the first and third part of optical fiber, makes the second portion that comprises Fiber Bragg Grating FBG can carry out mobile expansion and the contraction produced with respect to housing by the movable part of membranous disc.The expansion of the second portion of optical fiber and contraction have changed the light wavelength by the Fiber Bragg Grating FBG reflection.Can be for the movement of the movable part of measuring membranous disc by the light wavelength of Fiber Bragg Grating FBG reflection.
According to the 3rd aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of sensing system that comprises sensor.Sensor comprises housing, film spring assembly and optical fiber.Housing is suitable for being fixed to parts, and these parts are positioned at will be by a system of sensing system monitoring.The film spring assembly is arranged in housing, and comprises membranous disc and the first film retainer and the second film retainer.The movable part that membranous disc has the fixed part fixing with respect to housing and can move with respect to housing.The first film retainer and the second film retainer are positioned at the opposite side of membranous disc, and the maximum displacement deflection of the movable part of restriction membranous disc.Optical fiber is positioned at housing, and comprise the first fixing with respect to housing, the second portion that comprises Fiber Bragg Grating FBG and the fixing third part with respect to the movable part of membranous disc.The second portion of optical fiber, between the first and third part of optical fiber, makes the second portion that comprises Fiber Bragg Grating FBG can carry out mobile expansion and the contraction produced with respect to housing by the movable part of membranous disc.The expansion of the second portion of optical fiber and contraction have changed the light wavelength by the Fiber Bragg Grating FBG reflection.Can be for the movement of the movable part of measuring membranous disc by the light wavelength of Fiber Bragg Grating FBG reflection.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Although the instructions ending particularly points out and clearly claimed the present invention with claims, should think, according to following description, will understand better the present invention by reference to the accompanying drawings, the element that identical in the drawings designated is identical, and wherein:
Fig. 1 is the skeleton view according to the part of the stator core of the vibration transducer of the embodiment of the present invention that is provided with that generator is shown;
Fig. 2 is the enlarged perspective of the internal part of vibration transducer shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the enlarged perspective of choosing parts of vibration transducer shown in Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the decomposition diagram of vibration transducer shown in Fig. 2;
Fig. 5-9th, be illustrated in during operate generator the curve map according to the exemplary output of the vibration transducer of the embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram comprised according to the sensing system of a plurality of vibration transducers of the embodiment of the present invention; And
Figure 11 and 12 is the skeleton views for the alternative constructions of the membranous disc according to vibration transducer of the present invention.
Embodiment
In the following detailed description to preferred embodiment, with reference to forming its a part of accompanying drawing, in the mode of explanation rather than in the mode of restriction, show and can put into practice specific preferred embodiment of the present invention.Should be appreciated that the embodiment that can utilize other, and can make a change without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
With reference to figure 1, for the part of the stator 10 of generator, be illustrated and comprise that stator core 12, stator core 12 comprise that restriction radially extends a plurality of stator tooths 14 of slit 16.Stator core 12 comprises stator coil 18, and stator coil 18 comprises the one or more stator bars 20 that are arranged in each slit 16.In illustrated embodiment, a pair of stator bar 20 is positioned at each slit 16 with stacked relation.Stator bar 20 can be wrapped in the insulation course (not shown) that forms the insulation of ground connection wall.
In addition with reference to figure 2, according to the vibration transducer 50 of the embodiment of the present invention be installed to a selected stator bar 20 ', and be shown in Figure 1 for be installed to selected stator bar 20 ' end 20A.The other stator bar 20 that it should be noted that stator core 12 can comprise other vibration transducer 50.Shall also be noted that vibration transducer 50 can be in the position except the 20A of end, such as its top 20B or sidepiece 20C (seeing Fig. 1) be installed to selected stator bar 20 '.
According to the present invention, selected stator bar 20 ' vibration and the situation of vibration transducer 50 be that the signal that constructional aspect can provide via vibration transducer 50 is monitored.That is to say, the signal that vibration transducer 50 provides comprises sensing data, wherein sensing data monitored with determine selected stator bar 20 ' vibration and determine that this will be described in this article according to the situation of the vibration transducer 50 of the embodiment of the present invention.The signal that vibration transducer 50 provides comprises the kinetic measurement signal of the value with basic circulation change, and the stress level in indication stator bar 20.Especially, measuring-signal can comprise displacement signal, its can a subdifferential provide selected stator bar 20 ' the speed data of end 20A, and two subdifferentials provide acceleration information.
With reference to figure 2-4, vibration transducer 50 comprises housing 52 (Fig. 2 and 4), the internal part that it comprises vibration transducer 50, and this will describe in this article.It should be noted that the selected parts that only show vibration transducer 50 in Fig. 3, in order to be illustrated more clearly in these selected parts and be convenient to effectively describe its function.
With reference to figure 2, FOC58 enters housing 52 by the hole 64 in the wall that is formed on housing 52.As shown in Figure 3, the 58A of first of FOC58 extends through anchor member 66 formation of 66A， hole, hole 66A through vibration transducer 50.Use suitable fixation procedure, as gluing as the 58A of first by by FOC58 or be glued onto the anchor member 66 in the 66A of hole, the primary importance L of the 58A of first in the 66A of hole of FOC58
1(seeing Fig. 3) is fixed to anchor member 66.Anchor member 66 extends through the hole 68A formed in anchor plate structure 68, and is fixed to core support member 70 by screw thread, sees Fig. 4.Anchor plate structure 68 is for the groove 69A that limits at the shank 69 of anchor plate structure 68 and the deflection of the FOC58 between anchor member 66, and keeps in place for the 58A of first by FOC58.Anchor plate structure 68 is fixed to core support member 70 via a plurality of bolts 72, and core support member 70 is connected to the bottom 52A of housing 52 via a plurality of bolts 74, see Fig. 2.Core support member 70 structurally supports primary importance L in the 52A of the bottom at housing 52 of anchor plate structure 68, anchor member 66 and FOC58
1the 58A of first at place, make these parts fixing with respect to housing 52.
As shown in Figure 4, the screw-type end 66B of anchor member 66 threadably is received in the threaded openings 70A formed by core support member 70.FOC58 extends the 66A that portals at 66B place, anchor member end, and is received in the hole 80A that extends through indicating element 80 (seeing Fig. 3), and this indicating element 80 will be described in this article.The second portion 58B extended between anchor member 66 and indicating element 80 of FOC58 can be expanded and be shunk, and comprises the detecting part that contains above-mentioned FBG54 of FOC58.
As shown in Figure 4, the screw-type first end 80B of indicating element 80 threadably is bonded in the threaded hole 82A of the first mass 82, to support the first mass 82 thereon; And the screw-type the second end 80C of indicating element 80 threadably is bonded in the threaded hole 84A of the second mass 84, to support the second mass 84 thereon.Each weight of the first mass 82 and the second mass 84 is about the 20-30 gram according to an embodiment of the invention, but depends on the ad hoc structure of vibration transducer 50 and it is applied to generator wherein, and mass 82,84 can have other weight.The more details relevant with mass 82,84 will be discussed in this article.
Use suitable fixation procedure, as gluing as the third part 58C by by FOC58 or be glued onto the indicating element 80 in the 80A of hole, the second place L of the third part 58C of FOC58 (seeing Fig. 3) in the 80A of hole
2place is fixed to the second end 80C of indicating element 80.As discussed in this article, the third part 58C at second place L2 place of FOC58 can move with respect to housing 52.
With reference to figure 2-4, film spring assembly 90 is associated with indicating element 80.As Fig. 4 is clearly shown that, film spring assembly 90 comprises the high scale 94 of the first film retainer 92, first, the high scale 98 of membranous disc 96, second and the second film retainer 100.These parts of film spring assembly 90 are preferably formed by stainless steel, and are connected to together via a plurality of bolts 102.
As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the first nut 106 and the second nut 108 are separately between the first mass 82 and the second mass 84 and membranous disc 96. Mass 82,84 and nut 106,108 are effectively tired therebetween by membranous disc 96, and are used for by nut 106,108 is joined to the central portion either side and movably (with respect to housing 52) central portion of membranous disc 96 is connected to indicating element 80.Indicating element 80 is via at second place L
2place is connected in the third part 58C of FOC58 in the hole 80A of indicating element 80 and effectively is connected to the second portion 58B that contains FBG54 of FOC58.Therefore, the central portion of membranous disc 96 is connected to the second portion 58B that contains FBG54 of FOC58 effectively, make selected stator bar 20 ' oscillating movement and the corresponding movement of vibration transducer 50 and the membranous disc 96 peripheral parts second portion 58B that the contains FBG54 displacement that causes FOC58.That is to say, the central portion of membranous disc 96 and the first mass 82 and the second mass 84 are relative to each other fixed but can be moved with respect to housing 52, and form quality-spring system 110 (seeing Fig. 2).Quality-spring system 110 supports to quality-spring cupport structure 107, wherein the bending motion by membranous disc 96 central portions of the generation of vibration from selected stator bar 20 ' be delivered to housing 52 can cause the second portion 58B that contains FBG54 of FOC58 correspondingly expand and shrink, and this will discuss in this article.
Being positioned at the first high scale 94 of membranous disc 96 opposite sides and the second high scale 98 is included in and wherein limits the annular component of central porisity 94A, 98A (seeing Fig. 4) separately.The oscillating movement of the central portion of the first high scale 94 and the second high scale 98 damping membranous discs 96, so that the maximum displacement deflection of restriction membranous disc 96, thereby the expansion/contraction amount of the second portion 58B of restriction FOC58, to prevent the FOC58 fracture.Particularly, by the radially inward direction of sensor 50, being parallel to sensor 50 central axis C
athe movement of direction upper limit masking dish 96 peripheral parts, the maximum displacement deflection of the first high scale 94 restriction membranous disc 96 central portions, with the amount of contraction of the second portion 58B that effectively limits FOC58.Similarly, by the radially outward movement of direction upper limit masking dish 96 peripheral parts, the maximum displacement deflection of the second high scale 98 restriction membranous disc 96 central portions, with the swell increment of the second portion 58B that effectively limits FOC58.The size that it should be noted that high scale 94,98 mesoporosity 94A, 98A can be revised, to control the oscillating movement damping amount of membranous disc 96 central portions that arranged by high scale 94,98.
The first film retainer 92 and the second film retainer 100 also limit the maximum displacement deflection of membranous disc 96, thus the expansion/contraction amount of the second portion 58B of restriction FOC58, to prevent the FOC58 fracture.Particularly, the first film retainer 92 is as the physics stop of contact membranous disc 96 central portions, with the radially movement of inward direction of restriction membranous disc 96 central portions, with the amount of contraction of the second portion 58B that effectively limits FOC58.Similarly, the second film retainer 100 is as the physics stop of contact membranous disc 96 central portions, and the movement of radially outside direction with restriction membranous disc 96 central portions, with the swell increment of the second portion 58B that effectively limits FOC58.
It should be noted that the size (seeing Fig. 4) of the hole 92A, the 100A that are arranged in film retainer 92,100 and/or the thickness of high scale 94,98 can change, to control the restriction to the oscillating movement of membranous disc 96 central portions by 92,100 settings of film retainer.Should also be noted that, although the peripheral part of membranous disc 96 is fixing with respect to housing 52, and the central portion of membranous disc 96 can move with respect to housing 52, but sensor 50 can so construct the peripheral part that makes membranous disc 96 and can move with respect to housing 52, and the central portion of membranous disc 96 is fixing with respect to housing 52.That is to say, the first high scale 94 and the second high scale 98 can be tired therebetween by the central portion of membranous disc 96, allow peripheral part radially crooked simultaneously.In such structure, the peripheral part of membranous disc 96 or its at least a portion can be structurally or directly or indirectly are connected to the second portion 58B of FOC58.
In addition, although be arranged in the hole 92A of film retainer 92,100, the size of 100A is fixed in the embodiment shown, but the size of hole 92A, 100A can be variable, during operate generator, their size can be regulated manually or automatically like this, to change the maximum displacement deflection of membranous disc 96.This can complete to carry out mode like class of operation in camera with diaphragm mechanism, and this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
In a preferred embodiment, the first film retainer 92 and the second film retainer 100 are parts of opening in 94,98 minutes with high scale.Yet, it should be noted that high scale 94,98 can form with film retainer 92,100 separately, as the staged parts.
During operate generator, via sensor housing 52 is attached to stator bar 20 ' end 20A, selected stator bar 20 ' vibration or the oscillating movement corresponding vibration motion that causes sensor housing 52.Via core support member 70 being connected to the bottom 52A of sensor housing 52, the oscillating movement of sensor housing 52 is transferred to quality-spring cupport structure 107.Because the peripheral part of membranous disc 96 is fixed to quality-spring cupport structure 107, the oscillating movement of housing 52 is delivered to the peripheral part of membranous disc 96.At the central portion of membranous disc 96, the inertia of mass 82,84 is resisted the movement of membranous disc 96 central portions effectively, and causes membranous disc 96 in response to passing to the membranous disc 96 fixedly oscillating movement of peripheral part and bending.Therefore, membranous disc 96 can with selected stator bar 20 ' frequency vibration corresponding to (one or more) driving frequency.
Because the third part 58C of FOC58 is connected to the central portion of membranous disc 96 by indicating element 80 at second place L2 place, and the 58A of first of FOC58 is connected to supporting construction 70 at primary importance L1 place by anchor member 66, thus the displacement of membranous disc 96 central portions, by quality-spring cupport structure 107 be delivered to second portion 58B that displacement that the vibration of membranous disc 96 causes can cause FOC58 with selected stator bar 20 ' (one or more) frequency corresponding to (one or more) vibration frequency correspondingly expand and shrink.It should be noted that FOC58 can preferably be attached to anchor member 66 and indicating element 80 under the prestretched situation.Therefore, the oscillating movement that is delivered to membranous disc 96 causes FOC58 further expand or shrink.This expansion and the contraction that shall also be noted that FOC58 are very little, in micron order.On macro-scale, the corresponding movement of the movement of membranous disc 96 and FOC58 almost discover less than, but the expansion that FBG54 produces and contraction can cause the detectable variation of the wavelength X that reflected by FBG54.The variation of reflected wavelength lambda is the direct measurement result of FOC58 expansion and shrinkage amplitude, and this is directly connected to the displacement of the membranous disc 96 caused by housing 52 oscillating movements.By this way, can measure the bending motion of membranous disc 96, and can be used for determining with selected stator bar 20 ' the displacement that is associated of the vibration of end 20A.
The data of the employing reflected wavelength lambda form produced at the FBG54 place can be transmitted and get back to processor 62 via coupling mechanism 60 by FOC58.Processor 62 can be on time dependent basis deal with data, i.e. the variation of wavelength X, to determine acceleration associated with the data.In addition, processor 62 can be determined vibration frequency over time based on wavelength.Especially, except with selected stator bar 20 ' on the displacement of sensor 50 and/or the corresponding data that received by processor 62 of acceleration, the frequency that processor 62 can deal with data be paid close attention to identification, be included in displacement under paid close attention to frequency and/or the amplitude of acceleration.Such frequency of paying close attention to is corresponding to the natural frequency by membranous disc 96 and mass 82,84 formed quality-spring systems 110.
In conventional accelerometer sensor design, preferably designing quality-spring system, make the natural frequency of quality-spring system basically be different from the vibration frequency in the system of Sensor monitoring.Especially, in conventional sensor design, commonly, the natural frequency of sensor is designed to basically higher than the frequency of wanting measuring system.Collect in the natural frequency of sensor with on monitored system between the frequency of data sizable difference is provided, make the distortion be associated with natural frequency input from sensor unlikely as the noise in collected data.
According to one aspect of the present invention, the natural frequency of the quality-spring system 110 of sensor 50 is designed to the driving frequency of comparison close to the system that will monitor.Especially, this system is designed to have higher sensitivity, and this can cause the natural frequency of the quality-spring system 110 of sensor 50 to reduce.For example, can comprise the generator of the harmonic frequency that usually is less than about 250Hz for most of monitoring frequencies wherein, the design of sensor 50 can comprise the natural frequency that is greater than about 400Hz, for example about 410Hz.Yet, it should be noted that the design of vibration transducer 50 can be changed, make its natural frequency be used in specially in the system to be monitored with other frequency of other type.For example, the central porisity 94 of the weight of the first mass 82 and the second mass 84 and/or high scale 94,98, the size of 98A can be changed, effectively to change the natural frequency of vibration transducer 50.In addition, the sensitivity of sensor 50 can further be adjusted by the thickness, diameter and/or the rigidity that change membranous disc 96.
From the sensing data of vibration transducer 50 output, comprise: the data of the vibration representative system, that is, and corresponding at selected stator bar 20 ' the locate vibration displacement produced; And the data that represent vibration transducer 50 natural frequencys, these data are transported to processor 62 by coupling mechanism 60 by FOC58.These data are by processor 62 Real-Time Monitorings.The sensing data corresponding with the change in displacement of membranous disc 96 is for obtaining amplitude (displacement) measurement result to obtain the vibration of sensor 50, and the natural frequency that obtains sensor 50.
Fig. 5 illustrates a curve map, and it shows at sensing data and carries out fast fourier transform (FFT) the typical output spectrum of the frequency of vibration transducer 50 under the normal running situation afterwards.The selected stator bar 20 of measuring as membranous disc 96 places ' vibration in curve map by label F
vdescribe.F
v1and F
v2vibration F
vharmonic wave.The natural frequency of vibration transducer 50 in curve map by label F
ndescribe.The natural frequency that it should be noted that vibration transducer 50 is independent of the vibration occurred in generator.That is to say the natural frequency F of sensor 50
ndeviation usually will not affect or not cause selected stator bar 20 ' the vibration F of measurement
vobvious deviation, vice versa.As mentioned above, the major part vibration sensed by vibration transducer 50 comprises the harmonic frequency that is less than the vibration transducer natural frequency,, in above-mentioned concrete example, the major part vibration sensed by vibration transducer 50 comprises the harmonic frequency that is less than 250Hz, and the natural frequency of exemplary vibrations sensors can be about 410Hz.
If vibration transducer 50 quits work, it can from selected stator bar 20 ' removal can, in service, for example repairing or change.Then new vibration transducer (or repair vibration transducer 50) can be arranged in selected stator bar 20 ' on.
Due to the situation of vibration transducer 50 together with selected stator bar 20 ' vibration monitored, so to any damage of vibration transducer 50 in early days the stage detect, and can carry out without the physical examination of vibration transducer 50.In addition, owing to representing vibration transducer 50 natural frequency F
ndata together with the selected stator bar 20 of representative ' vibration F
vdata pass through inherently together FOC58, so do not need specific purpose tool to carry out the situation of monitoring vibration sensor 50.
With reference to Figure 10, show system 200, for monitoring the operating conditions of generator 201.System 200 comprises at least one vibration transducer, all vibration transducers 50 described above, and can preferably include a plurality of vibration transducer 50a-f, each vibration transducer 50a-f is connected to corresponding stator bar as described above.
Each vibration transducer 50a-f in system 200 communicates by letter with sensing data and sensing data is sent to such as processors 202 such as generating field data acquisition system (DAS)s, and described sensing data comprises the data of the vibration that representative is received by corresponding vibration sensor 50a-f and represents the data of corresponding vibration sensor 50a-f natural frequency as mentioned above.In addition, each vibration transducer 50a-f in system 200 has unique FBG54a-f, and FBG54a-f has the central bragg wavelengths of the uniqueness corresponding with particular sensor 50a-f
0.Be connected to a plurality of FOC58a-f that extend to vibration transducer 50a-f such as the optical emitters such as wideband light source 56, to vibration transducer 50a-f, to provide optical radiation.The scope of the light that wideband light source provides is corresponding to the reflection wavelength of the representative of the FBG54a-f by sensor 50a-f.The wavelength coverage of the uniqueness that processor 202 can reflect with each FBG54a-f from sensor 50a-f is identified the data source received from sensor 50a-f.
With reference to Figure 11 and 12, show the membranous disc 300,400 for vibration transducer according to other embodiments of the present invention.Membranous disc 300 shown in Figure 11 comprises the shape of circular, and it has recessed rounding section or the profile portion 302,304,306,308 of removing or otherwise lacking from its outward flange, and each one 302,304,306,308 radially extends internally from its outward flange; And the membranous disc 400 shown in Figure 12 comprises the shape of circular, it has the larger recessed hyperbola section 402,404,406,408 of from its outward flange, removing or otherwise lacking, and each one 402,404,406 and 408 radially extends internally from its outward flange.By removing the 302-308 of each and 402-408, it is more easily crooked that membranous disc 300,400 becomes, and it is converted to the natural frequency that makes membranous disc 300,400 and reduces.In addition, due to membranous disc 300,400 easier deflections, so the more small magnitude of the vibration of the fixing stator bar of vibration transducer changes and will cause membranous disc 300,400 more easily crooked separately, to sensor, provide higher sensitivity.In addition, in the embodiment of Figure 12, will be understood that, hyperbola defines the 402-408 of each made by the material of removing from membranous disc 400, and described hyperbola makes the adjustment of membranous disc 400 can meet the design standards of hope.In addition, the hyperbola of the removed 402-408 of each provides low-down structural stress on membranous disc 400, thereby reduced, coils the possibility that in 400, crackle forms.
Although the monitoring of sensing data described herein is just used vibration transducer 50 to be described, but system and method for the present invention can be realized with any sensor, as long as this sensor provides the output of the data that comprise the representative sensor natural frequency.In addition, although what describe in this article is the situation in monitored generator, can monitor with system and method described herein the system of other type, system and method described herein does not expect to be limited to the situation in the monitoring generator.
Although have illustrated and described specific embodiment of the present invention, those skilled in the art be it is evident that, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can make various other change and modifications.Therefore, be intended to cover all such change and the modification in the scope of the invention in claims.
Claims (20)
1. a sensor comprises:
Housing, described housing is suitable for being fixed to parts, and described parts are positioned at will be by a system of Sensor monitoring;
Optical fiber, described optical fiber is fixed in described housing in the primary importance fixing with respect to described housing and the second place that can move with respect to described housing, make the detecting part between described primary importance and the second place of described optical fiber can carry out by mobile expansion and the contraction produced with respect to described primary importance at described second place place of described optical fiber, the described detecting part of described optical fiber comprises Fiber Bragg Grating FBG;
The film spring assembly, described film spring assembly is arranged in described housing, and described film spring assembly comprises:
Membranous disc, the central portion that described membranous disc has the fixed part fixing with respect to described housing and can move with respect to described housing, described central portion is fixed with respect to described optical fiber at described second place place, make the movement of described central portion can cause described optical fiber correspondingly to be shifted at described second place place, so that the described detecting part that comprises described Fiber Bragg Grating FBG of described optical fiber expands and shrinks; And
Wherein, the expansion of the described detecting part of described optical fiber and shrink the light wavelength that can change by described Fiber Bragg Grating FBG reflection, the light wavelength wherein reflected by described Fiber Bragg Grating FBG can be for the movement of the described central portion of measuring described membranous disc.
2. sensor according to claim 1, wherein, described optical fiber is fixed in described housing in described primary importance and the second place under the prestretched situation.
3. sensor according to claim 1, wherein, described film spring assembly also comprises the first high scale and the second high scale that is positioned at described membranous disc opposite side, the described first high scale and the second high scale limit the maximum displacement deflection of described membranous disc.
4. sensor according to claim 3, wherein, described high scale is suitable for contacting the peripheral part of described membranous disc, with the oscillating movement of the described central portion of the described membranous disc of damping, thereby limits the expansion of described detecting part of described optical fiber and the amount of contraction.
5. sensor according to claim 1, wherein, described film spring assembly also comprises the first film retainer and the second film retainer that is positioned at described membranous disc opposite side, described film retainer limits the maximum displacement deflection of described membranous disc.
6. sensor according to claim 5, wherein, described film retainer is suitable for contacting the described central portion of described membranous disc, to limit the oscillating movement of described central portion, thereby limits the expansion of described detecting part of described optical fiber and the amount of contraction.
7. sensor according to claim 1, also comprise indicating element, and described indicating element is fixed to described optical fiber at described second place place and is connected to the described central portion of described membranous disc, so that described optical fiber is connected to described membranous disc effectively.
8. sensor according to claim 1, wherein, described membranous disc forms the part of quality-spring system, described quality-spring system also comprises the first mass and the second mass that is positioned at described membranous disc opposite side, the inertia of wherein said mass is resisted the movement of the described central portion of described membranous disc effectively, and causes the bending in response to the motion of the described fixed part of described membranous disc of described membranous disc.
9. sensor according to claim 1, also comprise the core support member that is connected to described housing, and the described fixed part that described core support member is described membranous disc also provides effective support structure for the described optical fiber at described primary importance place.
10. sensor according to claim 9, also comprise the spacer member between described core support member and described film spring assembly, and described spacer member maintains the desired distance between described core support member and described film spring assembly.
11. sensor according to claim 1, wherein, described membranous disc comprises the shape of circular, and the shape of described circular has the concave contour section radially extended internally from its outward flange.
12. a sensing system comprises:
Sensor, described sensor comprises:
Housing, described housing is suitable for being fixed to parts, and described parts are positioned at will be by a system of sensing system monitoring;
The film spring assembly, described film spring assembly is arranged in described housing, and described film spring assembly comprises:
Membranous disc, the movable part that described membranous disc has the fixed part fixing with respect to described housing and can move with respect to described housing; And
The first height and the second high scale, the described first high scale and the second high scale are positioned at the opposite side of described membranous disc, and the described first high scale and the second high scale limit the maximum displacement deflection of the described movable part of described membranous disc;
Optical fiber, described optical fiber is positioned at described housing, and described optical fiber comprises:
The fixing first with respect to described housing;
The second portion that comprises Fiber Bragg Grating FBG; And
The fixing third part with respect to the described movable part of described membranous disc, the described second portion of wherein said optical fiber, between the described first and third part of described optical fiber, makes the described second portion that comprises described Fiber Bragg Grating FBG can carry out mobile expansion and the contraction produced with respect to described housing by the described movable part of described membranous disc;
Wherein, the expansion of the described second portion of described optical fiber and contraction have changed the light wavelength reflected by described Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, and the light wavelength wherein reflected by described Fiber Bragg Grating FBG can be for the movement of the described movable part of measuring described membranous disc.
13. sensing system according to claim 12, wherein:
The described fixed part of described membranous disc comprises peripheral part;
The described movable part of described membranous disc comprises central portion; And
Described high scale contacts with the described peripheral part of described membranous disc, with the oscillating movement of the described central portion of the described membranous disc of damping, thereby limits the expansion of the described second portion that comprises described Fiber Bragg Grating FBG of described optical fiber and the amount of contraction.
14. sensing system according to claim 13, wherein, described high scale is included in the annular component that wherein limits central porisity, the damping amount of the oscillating movement of the described central portion of the described membranous disc that the size Control of wherein said hole is arranged by described high scale.
15. sensing system according to claim 12 also comprises:
Light source, described light source is supplied with light to the end of described optical fiber; And
Analyser, the light that described analyser analysis is reflected by described Fiber Bragg Grating FBG.
16. sensing system according to claim 15, also comprise a plurality of described sensors, each described sensor receives from the light of described light source and have unique Fiber Bragg Grating FBG in the described optical fiber second portion of described sensor, and wherein said analyser analyzes for each sensor in sensing system the light reflected by described Fiber Bragg Grating FBG.
17. a sensing system comprises:
Sensor, described sensor comprises:
Housing, described housing is suitable for being fixed to parts, and described parts are positioned at will be by a system of sensing system monitoring;
The film spring assembly, described film spring assembly is arranged in described housing, and described film spring assembly comprises:
Membranous disc, the movable part that described membranous disc has the fixed part fixing with respect to described housing and can move with respect to described housing; And
The first film retainer and the second film retainer, described the first film retainer and the second film retainer are positioned at the opposite side of described membranous disc, and described the first film retainer and the second film retainer limit the maximum displacement deflection of the described movable part of described membranous disc;
Optical fiber, described optical fiber is positioned at described housing, and described optical fiber comprises:
The fixing first with respect to described housing;
The second portion that comprises Fiber Bragg Grating FBG; And
The fixing third part with respect to the described movable part of described membranous disc, the described second portion of wherein said optical fiber, between the described first and third part of described optical fiber, makes the described second portion that comprises described Fiber Bragg Grating FBG can carry out mobile expansion and the contraction produced with respect to described housing by the described movable part of described membranous disc;
Wherein, the expansion of the described second portion of described optical fiber and contraction have changed the light wavelength reflected by described Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, and the light wavelength wherein reflected by described Fiber Bragg Grating FBG can be for the movement of the described movable part of measuring described membranous disc.
18. sensing system according to claim 17, wherein, described film retainer is included in and wherein limits the annular component of central porisity separately, the maximum displacement deflection of the described movable part of the described membranous disc that the size Control of wherein said hole is arranged by described film retainer.
19. sensing system according to claim 17, wherein, described film spring assembly also comprises the first high scale and the second high scale between described membranous disc and described film retainer separately, and the described first high scale and the second high scale limit the maximum displacement deflection of the described movable part of described membranous disc.
20. sensing system according to claim 19, wherein, described film retainer and described high scale respectively are included in and wherein limit the annular component of central porisity separately, and the maximum displacement deflection of the described movable part of wherein said membranous disc can be by following at least one control:
Be arranged in the size of the central porisity of described film retainer;
Be arranged in the size of the central porisity of described high scale; And
The thickness of described high scale.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US13/024,501 | 2011-02-10 | ||
| US13/024,501 US8820167B2 (en) | 2011-02-10 | 2011-02-10 | Vibration sensor |
| PCT/US2012/024578 WO2012109502A2 (en) | 2011-02-10 | 2012-02-10 | Vibration sensor |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103459992A true CN103459992A (en) | 2013-12-18 |
| CN103459992B CN103459992B (en) | 2017-09-01 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201280017568.3A Expired - Fee Related CN103459992B (en) | 2011-02-10 | 2012-02-10 | Vibrating sensor |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8820167B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2673604A2 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP5833679B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR101532197B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN103459992B (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2826226C (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2012109502A2 (en) |
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| CN111095180A (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2020-05-01 | 斯特凡Tto有限公司 | Touch-based input device |
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| US10488515B2 (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2019-11-26 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Acoustic emission wave detection system for a high voltage apparatus |
| CN104588306B (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2016-11-23 | 浙江大学 | Reed suspension frame structure for standard vibration machine |
| EP3173752A1 (en) | 2015-11-27 | 2017-05-31 | Universite Libre De Bruxelles | Transducer with stiffness adjustment |
| WO2018119598A1 (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2018-07-05 | 深圳太辰光通信股份有限公司 | Parameter design method for optical fiber grating vibration sensor |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2012109502A2 (en) | 2012-08-16 |
| CN103459992B (en) | 2017-09-01 |
| KR20130124378A (en) | 2013-11-13 |
| US20120204651A1 (en) | 2012-08-16 |
| JP2014505887A (en) | 2014-03-06 |
| WO2012109502A3 (en) | 2013-04-25 |
| EP2673604A2 (en) | 2013-12-18 |
| CA2826226A1 (en) | 2012-08-16 |
| CA2826226C (en) | 2016-02-02 |
| KR101532197B1 (en) | 2015-07-09 |
| US8820167B2 (en) | 2014-09-02 |
| JP5833679B2 (en) | 2015-12-16 |
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