CN103459057A - Method and tool for bending titanium member - Google Patents
Method and tool for bending titanium member Download PDFInfo
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- CN103459057A CN103459057A CN2012800051426A CN201280005142A CN103459057A CN 103459057 A CN103459057 A CN 103459057A CN 2012800051426 A CN2012800051426 A CN 2012800051426A CN 201280005142 A CN201280005142 A CN 201280005142A CN 103459057 A CN103459057 A CN 103459057A
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- Prior art keywords
- crooked
- titanium
- micro concavo
- convex section
- fluororesin film
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D9/00—Bending tubes using mandrels or the like
- B21D9/04—Bending tubes using mandrels or the like the mandrel being rigid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D35/00—Combined processes according to or processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
- B21D35/002—Processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
- B21D35/008—Processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00 involving vibration, e.g. ultrasonic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/18—Lubricating, e.g. lubricating tool and workpiece simultaneously
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D2350/00—Pretreatment of the substrate
- B05D2350/30—Change of the surface
- B05D2350/33—Roughening
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
- B05D5/08—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain an anti-friction or anti-adhesive surface
- B05D5/083—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain an anti-friction or anti-adhesive surface involving the use of fluoropolymers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
- Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
- Mounting, Exchange, And Manufacturing Of Dies (AREA)
Abstract
A bending tool includes a fine uneven portion with fine asperities having a maximum surface roughness of 3 m or more and 25 m or less on at least part of a portion that is in contact with a titanium member, and a fluorine resin film formed on the fine uneven portion so that only a part of plural top portions included in the fine uneven portion is exposed. The fluorine resin film is tightly attached to a surface of the fine uneven portion.
Description
Technical field
Each aspect of the present invention and embodiment relate to a kind of Method and kit for for crooked titanium components, and described titanium components is made by titanium or titanium alloy and shape form in a tubular form.
Background technology
Usually the whole bag of tricks that the known shape that relates to the member of being made by titanium or titanium alloy is shaped.For example, patent documentation 1 discloses a kind of method, and it fills the inside of titanium tube material with the metal round rod filler, and removes filler by chemical milling, and wherein metal round rod has and the approximately uniform diameter of the internal diameter of titanium tube material.Patent documentation 2 also discloses a kind of method, and it is reduced to mould by usable floor area the one distolateral area that carries out of bar type titanium components is reduced to moulding, thereby manufactures the ultrasonic probe for ultrasonic processing apparatus.Patent documentation 3 also discloses a kind of method of assembling titanium tube sheet and titanium lining multiple tube, and wherein titanium lining multiple tube is by being resisted against thin titanium pipe on the inner surface by the metal outer tube that is different from titanium and being compressed and form.
Reference listing
Patent documentation
Summary of the invention
Technical problem
Titanium or titanium alloy are lightweights and firm and do not corroded.Therefore, titanium or titanium alloy have been applied to for example various fields of aircraft, motor vehicle, ship, chemical machinery and medical machinery.
But titanium has the strong affinity to other metal.Therefore, at the shape shaping, be easy to cause the seizure of titanium and instrument or mould.When the member of being made by titanium or titanium alloy carries out moulding by pressure processing, lubricating oil is necessary.For the cleaning course of cleaning element after moulding, be also necessary.Especially, by a tubular form or the member of being made by titanium or titanium alloy of the form of pipe fitting type shape (hereinafter referred to as " titanium components ") bend to predetermined shape, this can cause following problems.
Stay the hollow bulb of titanium components for the lubricating oil of crooked titanium components.Therefore, need to guarantee after cleaning course, lubricating oil to be removed from hollow bulb.But, this difficulty of being confirmed to be very.Because hollow bulb is less or hollow bulb is crooked because titanium components is crooked, therefore be difficult to by inspection hollow bulbs such as endoscopes.This inspection is consuming time and affect the manufacture of titanium components, and therefore is difficult to simplify manufacture process.
Therefore, usually problem is, except thinking and by cleaning course, the lubricating oil of hollow bulb inside having been removed when the crooked titanium components, there is no other alternative.
On the other hand, as disclosed as patent documentation 4, can form fluororesin film on the surface of mould, thereby allow do not using under lubricated oil condition, the product of moulding is easy to separate with mould.But fluororesin film is flexible and is easy to come off or damage when mould or instrument are reused.Therefore, the method for the durability of common known raising fluororesin film (for example patent documentation 5 to 7).
But this conventional method relates to for making the mould of the moulding such as naval stores, rubber product, and is difficult to be applied to flector or the mould for crooked titanium components.For the mould that makes the moulding such as naval stores, rubber product, as a kind of framework, this framework forms required form for the space (gap) by resin etc. being filled into defined in mould.
For example, consider the mould 100 and 101 shown in Figure 26.In mould 100 and 101, form fluororesin film 102 on the surface contacted with resin etc. in section within it.Fluororesin film 102 receives from resin 103, pressure f 1 on the direction vertical with 101 inner surface with mould 100.
Consider the mould for crooked titanium components 200,201 and 202 shown in Figure 27.When mould 200,201 and 202, during for crooked titanium components 203, mould 202 moves on the direction shown in arrow P.Now, mould 200,201 and 202 is resisted against strongly extruding or friction on the surface of titanium components 203.Therefore, mould 200,201 is received in pressure f 2 and the pressure f on direction surfacewise 3 direction vertical with die surface with 202 from titanium components 203.
Thereby the pressure f 2 on the direction with Surface Vertical acts on fluororesin film and is pressed against on die surface, thereby but the pressure f 3 on direction surfacewise acts on the surface along mould on fluororesin film removes fluororesin film.Therefore, when box lunch forms firm fluororesin film on the surface of the mould 200,201 according to routine techniques and 202, fluororesin film still is easy to be removed by the surface along mould, and is easy to the strong pressure by the pressure f 3 such as on direction surfacewise and comes off from die surface.Therefore, problem is, in using the mould of fluororesin film as the film (lubricating film) of the lubrication property for improvement of mould and titanium components and stripping feature, can not repeatedly carry out bending.
The Method and kit for for crooked titanium components in this technical field, expectation can not used crooked titanium components under lubricated oil condition in dry environment, even and if by fluororesin film when the lubricating film, thereby the durability that also strengthens flector repeats bending.
The method of dealing with problems
According to aspects of the present invention, comprise the bending step of utilizing the crooked titanium components of flector for the method for crooked titanium components, wherein titanium components is made by titanium or titanium alloy and shape form in a tubular form.Be formed with the micro concavo-convex section with micro concavo-convex at least a portion in the contact site contacted with titanium components on the surface of rod-shaped member, wherein micro concavo-convex section has the maximized surface roughness that is more than or equal to 3 microns and is less than or equal to 25 microns, wherein rod-shaped member has the diameter corresponding with the hollow bulb of titanium components, and is formed with the fluororesin film had over the thickness of maximized surface roughness in micro concavo-convex section.In bending step, flector is put into the hollow bulb of titanium components, thereby allows fluororesin film directly to contact with hollow bulb, with crooked titanium components when ultrasonic vibration is applied to flector.
Due to according to this bending method, form micro concavo-convex section on the surface of flector, so the surface area of flector increases.Owing on the surface in micro concavo-convex section, forming fluororesin film, so fluororesin film is adhered mutually with the concavo-convex of micro concavo-convex section.Therefore, micro concavo-convex section stops fluororesin film to move surfacewise.In addition, because fluororesin film directly contacts on wider area with flector, so coefficient of friction reduces.Fluororesin film is present in the recess of micro concavo-convex section, thereby plays the effect of lubricant medium during bending.By crooked titanium components when applying ultrasonic vibration, make when not applying ultrasonic vibration, flexural deformation group power and coefficient of friction reduce.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, rod-shaped member can comprise reducing diameter part and isometrical section.The diameter of reducing diameter part dwindles gradually towards terminal part.Isometrical section is connected to reducing diameter part and has the diameter of uniformity.Contact site can be the terminal part of rod-shaped member and the boundary portion between reducing diameter part and isometrical section.Micro concavo-convex section and fluororesin film are arranged on the part of flector, and wherein the hollow bulb at titanium components during bending strongly is pressed against on the surface of this part.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, rod-shaped member can be made by the steel except hard alloy steel, and micro concavo-convex section can form and has the maximized surface roughness that is more than or equal to 10 microns and is less than or equal to 25 microns.By the maximized surface roughness is arranged in such scope, can reduce coefficient of friction, and can stop by micro concavo-convex section the motion of fluororesin film.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, when repeating bending step, fluororesin can be coated in micro concavo-convex section again.Therefore, can recover the fluororesin film disappeared by crooked by the coating fluororesin.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, in bending step, can be in the temperature range from environment temperature to hotter operating temperature range crooked titanium components, this temperature range is the maximum temperature limited range from 10 ℃ to continuous use fluororesin.Especially, in such temperature range, improve the ductility of titanium components, made titanium components can be easy to moulding.
According to other aspect of the present invention, comprise micro concavo-convex section and fluororesin film for the flector of crooked titanium components, wherein titanium components is made by titanium or titanium alloy and shape form in a tubular form.Micro concavo-convex section has micro concavo-convex, and wherein this micro concavo-convex section has and is more than or equal to 3 microns and be less than or equal to the maximized surface roughness of 25 microns and be arranged at least a portion of the contact site contacted with titanium components.Fluororesin film is formed in micro concavo-convex section and is attached to securely the surface of micro concavo-convex section.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, flector can be formed by rod-shaped member, wherein this rod-shaped member has the diameter corresponding with the hollow bulb of titanium components, rod-shaped member can comprise isometrical and reducing diameter part, wherein isometrical section has the diameter of the uniformity corresponding with hollow bulb, reducing diameter part is connected to isometrical and its diameter and dwindles gradually towards terminal part, at least the boundary portion between the terminal part of rod-shaped member and reducing diameter part and isometrical section can be set as contact site, and micro concavo-convex section and fluororesin film can be formed on whole contact site.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, rod-shaped member can be made by the steel except hard alloy steel, and micro concavo-convex section can form and has the maximized surface roughness that is more than or equal to 10 microns and is less than or equal to 25 microns.
Advantageous effects of the present invention
As mentioned above, according to various aspects of the present invention and embodiment, can not use under lubricated oil condition crooked titanium components in dry environment, even and if by fluororesin film during as lubricating film, can improve the durability of flector, thereby repeat bending.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram according to the structure of the bending apparatus of embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows crooked plug.Fig. 2 (A) shows the front view of whole crooked plug, and Fig. 2 (B) illustrates the front view of the major part of crooked plug with the amplification form.
Fig. 3 is the sectional view on the surface that schematically shows micro concavo-convex section in crooked plug and comprise fluororesin film, and is the sectional view along the line 3-3 intercepting in Fig. 4.
Fig. 4 is the plane that schematically shows the surface of crooked plug.
Fig. 5 is the sectional view that schematically shows the part that the titanium pipe of micro concavo-convex section, fluororesin film and crooked plug contacts with each other.
Fig. 6 is the sectional view that schematically shows the fluororesin film be out of shape during bending.
Fig. 7 schematically shows micro concavo-convex section after bending and the sectional view of fluororesin film.
Fig. 8 is the sectional view that schematically shows other fluororesin film and micro concavo-convex section.
Fig. 9 is the side view that schematically shows the flector manufacture process.Flector before Fig. 9 (A) shows and manufactures, Fig. 9 (B) shows the flector formed from the teeth outwards after micro concavo-convex section, and Fig. 9 (C) shows the flector formed on the surface of micro concavo-convex section after fluororesin film.
Figure 10 schematically shows the sectional view of carrying out crooked state before.
Figure 11 schematically shows the sectional view of carrying out crooked state afterwards.
Figure 12 shows titanium pipe in bending step and the sectional view of flector.Figure 12 (A) shows titanium pipe and the flector after just starting bending, and Figure 12 (B) shows titanium pipe and flector after just stopping bending.
Figure 13 shows the front view according to the whole crooked plug of remodeling.
Figure 14 is the picture of the crooked plug of whole manufacture.
Figure 15 is the picture of the major part of crooked plug.
Figure 16 is the picture of the inside of the outward appearance of the titanium pipe by being bent to form and bend.
Figure 17 is the picture of amplification form of the inside of bend.
Figure 18 is subject to bending and the picture of the titanium pipe that breaks.
Figure 19 shows according to the curved shape of the titanium pipe of example and dimensional measurement section.
Figure 20 shows the curve map of the intensity of tensile load when applying ultrasonic vibration.
Figure 21 shows the curve map of the intensity of tensile load when not applying ultrasonic vibration.
Figure 22 shows when applying ultrasonic vibration size L1 and L2 with respect to the curve map of the variation of setting value.
Figure 23 shows the curve map of the variation when not applying ultrasonic vibration.
Figure 24 shows the chart of the concrete numerical value of result shown in Figure 23 and 24.
Figure 25 shows the variation of coefficient of friction when again applying fluororesin.Figure 25 (A) shows the variation that again applies coefficient of friction before fluororesin, and Figure 25 (B) shows the variation that again applies coefficient of friction after fluororesin.
Figure 26 shows the sectional view for an example of the conventional mould of ester moulding and resin.
Figure 27 shows the sectional view for the example of the conventional mould of pressure processing and hardware.
The specific embodiment
Below embodiments of the present invention will be described.By way of parenthesis, identical element is meaned by identical Reference numeral and the description thereof will be omitted.
[structure of bending apparatus] illustrates bending apparatus 20 hereinafter with reference to Fig. 1.Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram according to the bending apparatus of embodiment of the present invention.Bending apparatus 20 is for completing according to the bending method of present embodiment and making the device of titanium components drying.By way of parenthesis, in the present embodiment, make the meaning of titanium components drying be: in the situation that do not use lubricant medium and such as the Teflon(registration mark) flat member of sheet, crooked titanium components under dry environment.
As shown in Figure 1, bending apparatus 20 is arranged on supporting mass 1.Be fixed with guide body 2 on the upper surface of supporting mass 1, and bending apparatus 20 is arranged on guide body 2.Bending apparatus 20 is NC(numerical controls) the pipe fitting bending machine, it comprises: hydraulic cylinder 3, ultrasonic vibration part 6, loudspeaker 7, chuck 8, mould 9, mould 10, crooked plug 11 and core bar 12.All these parts are supported integratedly by supporting member 4a and 4b.Bending apparatus 20 also comprises ultrasonator 13 and hydraulic atomizing pump 14.
The other end that one end of core bar 12 is connected to loudspeaker 7 and core bar 12 is connected to crooked plug 11.Hydraulic atomizing pump 14 also is connected to core bar 12.Chuck 8 supporting core bars 12 and crooked plug 11 part connected to one another, thus and when being separated from each other core bar 12 and crooked plug 11, the releasing bearing state keeps connection status.
The hollow bulb 15a that one end of crooked plug 11 is connected to core bar 12 and following titanium pipe 15 is inserted into the other end of crooked plug 11.Titanium pipe 15 is members to be bent.Titanium pipe 15 is made by the pure titanium that is microscler cylindrical in form, and comprises the hollow bulb 15a along central axial line.Titanium pipe 15 is kept by mould 9 and 10.
The part (being similar to 40%) of crooked plug 11 is painting part 11c.In Fig. 2 (A) and Fig. 2 (B), painting part 11c scatters a little.Painting part 11c is at least a portion of the connecting portion that contacts with the hollow bulb 15a of titanium pipe 15.According to present embodiment, as Fig. 2 (B) at length illustrates, this connecting portion comprises the following part of terminal part 11f, reducing diameter part 11e and isometrical 11d: this part comprises the boundary portion 11g between reducing diameter part 11e and isometrical 11d.When the crooked titanium pipe 15 of bending apparatus 20, crooked plug 11 contacts with titanium pipe 15.During bending, the part contacted with titanium pipe 15 of crooked plug 11 receives the very strong pressure from titanium pipe 15.Painting part 11c comprises the described part of crooked plug 11.
Painting part 11c comprises the 50a of micro concavo-convex section and fluororesin film 55.In painting part 11c, the 50a of micro concavo-convex section is formed on the surface of body 11a, and fluororesin film 55 is formed on the surface of the 50a of micro concavo-convex section.In the situation that do not use lubricant medium and the flat member such as the Teflon sheet, bending apparatus 20 makes titanium pipe 15 dryings, and therefore during bending crooked plug 11 with titanium pipe 15, directly contact.
It is concavo-convex that the 50a of micro concavo-convex section comprises that atomic thin, irregular and intricately is arranged, concavo-convex shape and size bore hole can't be clear that.As shown in Figure 3, the 50a of micro concavo-convex section concavo-convex expressed lip-deep scrambling, and it is of different sizes with interval and comprises a plurality of top described below, bottom and recess.Fig. 3 schematically shows the surface of the 50a of the micro concavo-convex section that comprises of body 11a and the sectional view of fluororesin film 55, and is the sectional view along the line 3-3 intercepting of Fig. 4.Fig. 4 schematically shows body 11(painting part 11c) the plane on surface.
The 50a of micro concavo-convex section comprises a plurality of top P1, P3, P5, P7, P9 and P11, and a plurality of bottom P2, P4, P6, P8 and P10.The 50a of micro concavo-convex section forms such as the surface treatment the lip-deep blasting treatment of body 11a by carrying out, thereby have be more than or equal to 3 microns and be less than or equal to 25 microns the maximized surface roughness (in the present embodiment, hereinafter referred to as maximum height roughness Rz, hereinafter describe in detail).In the 50a of micro concavo-convex section, top is from datum line L outwards end and the peripheral part thereof of outstanding part, and, end and peripheral part thereof that bottom is the part that inwardly concaves from datum line L, wherein datum line L is the height standard of the 50a of micro concavo-convex section.
In the 50a of micro concavo-convex section as shown in Figure 3, the height that be projected into outermost top (top P5 in Fig. 3) of maximized surface roughness in a plurality of tops and the poor h1 between the height that is recessed to the most inboard bottom (the bottom P4 in Fig. 3) in a plurality of bottom are estimated.In other words, when maximized surface roughness (maximum height roughness Rz), while being 3.0 microns, h1 is 3.0 microns.Surface roughness can be averaged and be estimated by the difference in height by a plurality of bottoms or top P1 to P11, but has used in the present embodiment maximum height roughness Rz.
The maximized surface roughness can be at least 3 microns or larger, and the concavo-convex intricately that makes the fluororesin film 55 be present in recess have certain volume and the 50a of micro concavo-convex section is arranged.When the maximized surface roughness increases, the volume that is present in the fluororesin film 55 in recess increases, but the 50a of micro concavo-convex section can receive the strong pressure from titanium pipe 15 during bending.When the maximized surface roughness surpasses 25 microns, from the part of datum line L projection, may during bending, be easy to bending or fragmentation.In addition, the coefficient of friction of crooked plug 11 may become too high.
Therefore, the maximized surface roughness of the 50a of micro concavo-convex section can be to be more than or equal to 3 microns and be less than or equal to 25 microns.For example, when crooked plug 11 is made by the steel beyond hard alloy steel, the maximized surface roughness can be to be more than or equal to 10 microns and be less than or equal to 25 microns.Especially, the maximized surface roughness can be to be similar to 14.8 microns to 15 microns.When crooked plug 11, when by the steel than except hard alloy steel, harder hard alloy steel is made, the maximized surface roughness can reduce slightly, namely is more than or equal to 3 microns and be less than or equal to 10 microns.
Next, below fluororesin film 55 will be described.Fluororesin film 55 is formed on the surface of the 50a of micro concavo-convex section.The thickness that fluororesin film 55 has makes in top included in the 50a of micro concavo-convex section that only some is covered by fluororesin film 55 and is exposed.As shown in Figure 4, the thickness that fluororesin film 55 has makes in the 50a of micro concavo-convex section, only projects into exposed and other top of outermost top P5 in top P1, P3, P5, P7, P9 and P11 and is covered by fluororesin film 55.Therefore, the thickness of fluororesin film 55 is slightly less than the maximized surface roughness of the 50a of micro concavo-convex section.
[operation of bending apparatus] has the operation of the bending apparatus of above-mentioned structure hereinafter with reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 5 to Fig. 8, Figure 10 and Figure 11 explanation.Fig. 5 is the sectional view that schematically shows the part that the 50a of micro concavo-convex section of painting part 11c and fluororesin film 55 and titanium pipe 15 contact with each other, and Fig. 6 is the sectional view that schematically shows the fluororesin film 55 be out of shape during bending.Fig. 7 schematically shows the 50a of micro concavo-convex section after bending and the sectional view of fluororesin film 55, and Fig. 8 is the sectional view that schematically shows other fluororesin film and the 50a of micro concavo-convex section.Figure 10 is the sectional view schematically shown utilizing bending apparatus 20 state before carrying out bendings, and Figure 11 schematically shows the sectional view of carrying out the state after bending.
Crooked in order to utilize bending apparatus 20 to carry out, above-mentioned crooked plug 11 is manufactured by the flector manufacture process that will describe after a while.Subsequently, bending step is carried out in the following manner.As shown in figure 10, in bending step, crooked plug 11 is put into the hollow bulb 15a of titanium pipe 15 from the side near painting part 11c, make fluororesin film 55 directly contact with hollow bulb 15a.Subsequently, titanium pipe 15 is kept by crooked plug 11, core bar 12 and chuck 8.
As shown in Figure 1, high-frequency signal is input to ultrasonic vibrator 5 from ultrasonator 13.Subsequently, thus produce ultrasonic vibrations and ultrasonic vibration is amplified and is transferred to core bar 12 by loudspeaker 7 by ultrasonic vibrator 5.Because crooked plug 11 is connected to core bar 12, the ultrasonic vibration of therefore amplifying is applied to crooked plug 11.
In Figure 10, ultrasonic vibration means by arrow f, and this ultrasonic vibration is the longitudinal wave along the central axial line CL of crooked plug 11.When ultrasonic vibration f is applied on crooked plug 11, mould 9 and mould 10 operations, thereby crooked titanium pipe 15.
As shown in figure 11, when crooked titanium pipe 15, approximate 90 degree of mould 9 and mould 10 rotations.Subsequently, titanium pipe 15 distortion gradually along with the rotation of mould 9 and 10.When now, titanium pipe 15 is subject to strong pressure on leaning against crooked plug 11, be out of shape.Because mould 10 has curved 10a, so titanium pipe 15 is along the external shape curve of curved 10a.
Because a plurality of top Zhong Jinyou top P5 is covered by fluororesin film 55 and is exposed, therefore comprise that P5 top, top receives whole fluororesin film 55 on its thickness direction.
During bending, applied the pressure (the pressure F2 in Fig. 5) along the surface of crooked plug 11 by titanium pipe 15 on fluororesin film 55.Thereby pressure F2 is applied on fluororesin film 55 and removes fluororesin film 55 along the surface of crooked plug 11.Because recess and top are formed on the direction vertical with the direction of pressure F2, so recess and top hinder the motion of the fluororesin film 55 caused by pressure F2, thereby stop fluororesin film 55 to come off.
The concavo-convex intricately with irregular size and shape of the 50a of micro concavo-convex section is arranged, and as shown in Figure 3, micro concavo-convex is formed on each recess.Therefore, than the concavo-convex situation about forming regularly of the 50a of micro concavo-convex section, fluororesin film 55 is attached to the 50a of micro concavo-convex section securely.
Therefore, fluororesin film 55 is retained on the surface of crooked plug 11 trending towards during bending.Therefore, fluororesin film 55 plays the effect that the coefficient of friction that stops generation between fluororesin film 55 and titanium pipe 15 becomes large lubricant medium effectively.Therefore even if, crooked plug 11 has enough high-durabilities, thereby, when fluororesin film 55 is soft lubricating film, still repeatedly carries out bending.
In Fig. 8, consider following situation: be formed with fluororesin film 105 on crooked plug, thereby wherein fluororesin film 105 has enough thickness and covered the whole tops (namely this thickness is greater than the maximized surface roughness) that comprise top P5.In the situation that use this crooked plug, the part of fluororesin film 105 is superficial layer sections 106, and superficial layer section 106 is not present in recess and is formed in (part a little of the distribution in Fig. 8) on the outside.Owing to there is no the top on the surface of layer section 106 surfacewise, so the motion of superficial layer section 106 is not subject to the prevention at top.Therefore, during bending, when superficial layer section 106 is received in side surfacewise and upwards pressure, this superficial layer section 106 is easy to come off.
By forming the motion that the 50a of micro concavo-convex section can expect to stop fluororesin film 55 on the surface in crooked plug 11.But fluororesin film should have and makes the thickness that only has the part top exposed; Otherwise fluororesin film will unlikely play the effect of lubricant medium and be easy to produce waste.
As shown in Figure 5, the 50a of micro concavo-convex section and fluororesin film 55 during bending, receive the side at the Surface Vertical with the 50a of micro concavo-convex section from titanium pipe 15 upward pressure F1 and along this surperficial pressure F2.Because fluororesin film 55 is flexible, therefore as shown in Figure 6, fluororesin film 55 is under pressure F1 and F2 and is out of shape.Than the bottom that is present in the part in recess, the top that is present in the part in recess relatively is not easy to be received by recess.
As shown in Figure 3, for example, for the part in recess 50b that is present in of fluororesin film 55, the gap between top P1 and P3 and bottom P2 increases on top.Therefore, the degree that fluororesin film 55 is attached to the surface of the 50a of micro concavo-convex section reduces on top, and fluororesin film 55 is easy to receive pressure F1 and the F2 from titanium pipe 15.Therefore, the part of fluororesin film 55 may be subject to bending and come off along the surface of the 50a of micro concavo-convex section.
Therefore, it is slightly thin that fluororesin film 55 may become, and as shown in Figure 7, top P5 and project into time outermost top P3 and P7 may be exposed inferior to top P5.Fluororesin film 55 still is attached to the surface of the 50a of micro concavo-convex section between two adjacent top securely, thereby is retained in recess.The fluororesin film 55 be retained in recess is out of shape and is present between the surface and titanium pipe 15 of the 50a of micro concavo-convex section during bending, being under pressure F1, thereby reduces its coefficient of friction and play the effect for the better lubricant medium slided.Therefore, by using crooked plug 11, can repeated flex titanium pipe 15, and kept higher lubrication property.
As shown in Figure 12 (A), thereby, after mould 9 and 10 starts rotation and utilizes crooked plug 11 to carry out bending, the outside on the part contacted with each other at crooked plug 11 and titanium pipe 15 immediately, on mould 9 and 10 direction of rotation forms firm contact site P1.Firm contact site P1 represents that titanium pipe 15 firmly and directly is pressed against the lip-deep part of crooked plug 11 during bending.Crooked plug 11 comprises reducing diameter part 11e.Therefore, when mould 9 and 10 starts to rotate, for example, as shown in Figure 12 (A), crooked on direction shown in arrow thereby titanium pipe 15 is pressed against on the surface of reducing diameter part 11e.The direction of titanium pipe 15 significantly changes at the 11g place, border as boundary line, and therefore forms firm contact site P1 on the 11g of border.
When titanium pipe 15 bends to substantially at right angles, formed the firm contact site P2 as shown in Figure 12 (B).The terminal part 11f of the diameter of reducing diameter part 11e in crooked plug 11 dwindles gradually.When titanium pipe 15 bends to substantially at right angles, the direction of titanium pipe 15 changes from the terminal part 11f as application point.The power that titanium pipe 15 is pressed against on crooked plug 11 concentrates on terminal part 11f above, and therefore the 11f of section and periphery thereof above form firm contact site P2 endways.
When utilizing the crooked titanium pipe 15 of crooked plug 11, can improve firm contact site P1 and the lubrication property at P2 place on the surface of crooked plug 11.The 50a of micro concavo-convex section and fluororesin film 55 can at least be formed on firm contact site P1 and P2.Due to the form of crooked plug 11 rounded cross-sectional shape, therefore on circumferential direction, the strap along border 11g can be firm contact site P1.The strap, terminal part 11f and the periphery thereof that replace the 50a of micro concavo-convex section and fluororesin film 55 only to be formed on along border 11g are upper, and the 50a of micro concavo-convex section and fluororesin film 55 can easily be formed on some wider zone of the strap, terminal part 11f and the periphery thereof that comprise along border 11g.In view of this point, formed above-mentioned painting part 11c.
By the favourable lubrication property that takes full advantage of fluororesin film 55 and brought by ultrasonic vibration, bending apparatus 20 can not used under lubricated oil condition crooked titanium pipe 15 in dry environment.Be easy to be welded to the titanium components of flector for bending, bending apparatus 20 can be very favourable.
When bending apparatus 20 repeated flex titanium pipe 15, the fluororesin film 55 be present in recess fades away.Subsequently, lubricant medium reduces gradually.Therefore, the coefficient of friction between crooked plug 11 and titanium pipe 15 may increase, and this especially is unfavorable for being easy to the titanium components that bending is welded to flector.
When repeating bending machining, preferably, when coefficient of friction surpasses predetermined value, by spraying liquid fluororesin, fluororesin can be coated to the surface of at least micro concavo-convex 50a of section of crooked plug 11.Therefore, the fluororesin film 55 disappeared by repeating bending is formed on the 50a of micro concavo-convex section again by spraying fluororesin.Can recover the lubrication property of fluororesin film 55.Therefore, bending apparatus 20 can be further crooked titanium pipe 15 repeatedly.Along band ground, the predetermined value of coefficient of friction can be suitably 0.2.
Especially, bending apparatus 20 can be in from environment temperature to the temperature range of making temperature range than the thermal technology crooked titanium components, described temperature range i.e. the maximum temperature from 10 ℃ to continuous use fluororesin (288 ℃) limited range.In this temperature range, improved the ductility of titanium components, make titanium components be easy to moulding.
[flector manufacture process] illustrates the flector manufacture process with reference to Fig. 9.Fig. 9 is the side view that schematically shows the flector manufacture process.Flector before Fig. 9 (A) shows and manufactures, Fig. 9 (B) shows the flector formed from the teeth outwards after micro concavo-convex section, and Fig. 9 (C) shows the flector formed on the surface of micro concavo-convex section after fluororesin film.
As shown in Fig. 9 (A), by using rod component and becoming crooked plug 111 to manufacture crooked plug 11 by the metal-made such as steel, wherein rod component has the diameter corresponding with the hollow bulb 15a of titanium pipe 15.Crooked plug 111 has the profile identical with crooked plug 11, but different from crooked plug 11, crooked plug 111 does not comprise the 50a of micro concavo-convex section and fluororesin film 55.Next, as shown in Fig. 9 (B), the 50a of micro concavo-convex section makes coarse formation of at least a portion (11c is corresponding with painting part) of surface and the parts 15 contacts of titanium pipe of crooked plug 111 by sandblast.When crooked plug 111 is made by the steel except hard alloy steel, the maximized surface roughness need to be more than or equal to 10 microns and be less than or equal to 25 microns.When crooked plug 111 is made by hard alloy steel, the maximized surface roughness can be to be more than or equal to 3 microns and be less than or equal to 10 microns.
Subsequently, to crooked plug 111 primers, thereby make its drying and it is dried.Next, crooked plug 111 is repeatedly carried out to the process of the coating fluororesin coating such as scatter coated, electrostatic powder coating, fluidized bed coating process and spraying, and crooked plug 111 is dried with cooling, make crooked plug 111 again be applied by fluororesin.Therefore, as shown in Fig. 9 (C), form the fluororesin film 25 thicker than maximized surface roughness on the surface of the 50a of micro concavo-convex section.Now, can apply the coating material that mixes of bed material and fluororesin.Alternatively, can after the coating bed material, apply fluororesin.
By being used as crooked plug 11 with the crooked plug 111 of fluororesin film 25, and in advance by using bending apparatus 20 to carry out bending or use other substituting means, thereby remove surfacewise fluororesin film 25, to form above-mentioned fluororesin film 55.Now, fluororesin film 55 forms and makes a plurality of tops included in the 50a of micro concavo-convex section comprise that the most a part of top at high top is covered by fluororesin film 55 and is exposed.By said process, can manufacture the crooked plug 11 with fluororesin film 55.
Along with the carrying out of bending, all top covers by the lip-deep fluororesin film 55 in crooked plug 11 basically, but the part top is not covered by fluororesin film 55 and is exposed.Because part fluororesin film 55 when further continuing bending comes off surfacewise, therefore more top is exposed.
Example 1
Below will illustrate and utilize bending apparatus 20 to carry out crooked example.In example 1, crooked plug 11 is manufactured in the following manner.To hot-die alloy tool steel (JIS(Japanese Industrial Standards) SKD61) heat-treat (HRC60), thus and subsequently shot-peening is applied to the roughness that surface has 15 microns Rz.In addition, thus the fluororesin-coated film of hot-die alloy tool steel is manufactured to crooked plug 11.The outward appearance of this crooked plug 11 is as shown in Figure 14 and 15.Figure 14 is the picture according to the whole crooked plug 11 of example 1, and Figure 15 is the picture around the painting part 11c of crooked plug 11.
In this test, but 2 grades of pure titanium pipes (JIS TTP340C, 12.7 millimeters of internal diameters, t1.0 millimeter) of business application are used as to titanium pipe 15.Carry out bending by bending apparatus 20 under the following conditions.
Condition: ultrasonic vibration frequency: 20.0 kilo hertzs, amplitude: 5 microns
Due to 15(150 titanium pipe of a plurality of titanium pipes) apply rotation and pull bending, therefore can be in the situation that not because of make crooked plug 11(core bar 12 when applying ultrasonic vibration) crooked fragmentation splits and make 15 moulding of titanium pipe.This titanium pipe 15 is shown in Figure 16 and Figure 17.Figure 16 is by the picture of the inside of the outward appearance of the above-mentioned titanium pipe 15 be bent to form and bend thereof, and Figure 17 is the picture of amplification form of the inside of bend.
In order contrasting, to use and do not comprise that the crooked plug of coating layer portion 11c replaces crooked plug 11, and in the situation that do not apply the crooked titanium pipe 15 of ultrasonic vibration.Therefore, as shown in figure 18, the bend fracture.Therefore, by use the crooked titanium pipe 15 of crooked plug 11 when applying ultrasonic vibration, guaranteed that titanium pipe 15 is not having lubricated situation compacted under.
Example 2
In order to assess the bending of being undertaken by the bending apparatus 20 that uses crooked plug 11, carried out following test.In this test, a titanium pipe 15 is carried out to twice bending, thereby having shown in moulding Figure 19 is roughly the titanium pipe of L shape shape.In Figure 19, R1 means the first flexibility, and R2 means the second flexibility.Now, measure and be applied to the axial tension load on crooked plug 11.And, in order to assess crooked precision, detected size L1 and the L2 variation with respect to setting value.The amplitude of ultrasonic vibration is that 5 microns and vibration frequency are 20 kilo hertzs.In order to contrast, when not applying ultrasonic vibration (amplitude is 0 micron), implemented identical test.
Figure 20 shows the curve map of the intensity of tensile load when applying ultrasonic vibration, and Figure 21 shows the curve map of tensile load intensity when not applying ultrasonic vibration.In Figure 20 and Figure 21, vertical axis means thousand Ns, and horizontal axis means the quantity of titanium pipe 15.The meaning of " plug tensile load (for the first time crooked) " is tensile load during crooked titanium pipe 15 for the first time, and the meaning of " plug tensile load (crooked for the second time) " is tensile load during crooked titanium pipe 15 for the second time.
As shown in figure 20, the tensile load when applying ultrasonic vibration is approximately 0.58 thousand N to 0.75 thousand N, and as shown in figure 21, the tensile load when not applying ultrasonic vibration is approximately 1,000 Ns to 1.9 thousand Ns.Can confirm, by applying ultrasonic vibration, act on axial tension load on crooked plug 11 and be reduced to roughly half (1/2) or less.
Figure 22 shows when applying ultrasonic vibration size L1 and L2 with respect to the variation of setting value, and Figure 23 shows the variation when not applying ultrasonic vibration.In Figure 22 and Figure 23, vertical axis means millimeter, and horizontal axis means the quantity of titanium pipe 15.The meaning of " size 1(width) " is the variation with respect to the setting value of the size L1 shown in Figure 19, and the meaning of " size 2(length) " is the variation with respect to the setting value of size L2.Figure 24 shows the chart of the concrete numerical value of these results.
As shown in figure 22, when applying ultrasonic vibration, size L1 and L2 are similar to respectively-0.3 to 0.3 millimeter and-0.6 millimeter to 0.45 millimeter, and, when not applying ultrasonic vibration, size L1 and L2 are similar to respectively 0.3 millimeter to 1 millimeter and-0.4 millimeter to 1.5 millimeters.As shown in figure 24, when applying ultrasonic vibration, the deviation of size L1 and L2 (variation) is respectively 0.165 and 0.231.When applying ultrasonic vibration, the deviation of size L1 and L2 is not respectively 0.232 and 0.555.Can confirm, by applying ultrasonic vibration, reduce size L1 and the L2 variation with respect to setting value, make and improved dimensional accuracy.
Example 3
Carried out test in order to confirm recovering the durability of micro concavo-convex section by the liquid fluororesin of coating.In this test, fluororesin film 55 is being come off during bending and the coefficient of friction of the crooked plug 11 of surface exposure carries out liquid fluororesin sprinkling (this process is also referred to as spraying) when identical crooked plug 11 is being attached to bending apparatus and contrasted between measured coefficient of friction afterwards.The coefficient of friction of first stating is shown in Figure 25 (A), and coefficient of friction described later is shown in Figure 25 (B).
When the crooked plug 11 of using fluororesin film 55 to come off, as shown in Figure 25 (A), coefficient of friction increases gradually and reaches 0.2 from approximate 0.1.But, when again spraying fluororesin, coefficient of friction substantially constant and in approximate 0.1.Therefore, can confirm, by again applying fluororesin, recover the durability of micro concavo-convex section.
[remodeling] in the above description, has been used for carry out the crooked plug 11 of bending machining under dry environment.But embodiments of the present invention can be applied to the crooked plug 31 shown in Figure 13.Crooked plug 31 is different from crooked plug 11: crooked plug 31 includes oil pipe 31a and outage 31b.Enter oil pipe 31a and be connected to screwed hole 11b and outage 31b, and form the overwhelming majority of the central portion of axial penetration body 11a.Outage 31b is connected to the surface into oil pipe 31a and body 11a.Outage 31b is formed on painting part 11c.
By using crooked plug 31 to replace crooked plug 11, equally can be under dry environment crooked titanium pipe 15.When lubricating oil is sent to into oil pipe 31a, also can use lubricating oil to carry out bending.Now, lubricating oil can auxiliarily be used, thereby is easy to clean afterwards.
Although will comprise that the titanium pipe 15 in the hole that penetrates central portion is as titanium components as above, but this embodiment of the present invention has obtained the application for the cylindrical shape titanium components with bottom, should there is general tube shape with the cylindrical shape titanium components of bottom, wherein penetrate an end sealing in the hole of central portion.
Apparatus and method according to the present invention are not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, but can carry out various remodeling and modification.According to apparatus and method of the present invention, can provide by the suitable combination of the parts described in embodiment, function, characteristic or method.
Industrial usability
According to each aspect of the present invention and embodiment, by by fluororesin film as lubricating film, can improve the durability of flector, and can be under dry environment crooked titanium components repeatedly.
Reference numerals list
5 ... ultrasonic vibrator
6 ... the ultrasonic vibration part
9,10 ... mould
11,13 ... crooked plug
11a ... body
11b ... screwed hole
11c ... painting part
11d ... isometrical section
11e ... reducing diameter part
11f ... terminal part
15 ... the titanium pipe
20 ... bending apparatus
50a ... micro concavo-convex section
55 ... fluororesin film
P1, P3, P5, P7, P9, P11 ... top
P2, P4, P6, P8, P10 ... bottom
Claims (8)
1. the method for crooked titanium components, described titanium components is made by titanium or titanium alloy and shape form in a tubular form, and described method comprises following bending step:
Flector is put into to the hollow bulb of described titanium components, wherein, described bent member comprises the micro concavo-convex section with micro concavo-convex and is formed on the fluororesin film in described micro concavo-convex section, described micro concavo-convex section has and is more than or equal to 3 microns and be less than or equal to the maximized surface roughness of 25 microns and be positioned at least a portion of the contact site contacted with described titanium components, wherein, described fluororesin film is attached to the surface of described micro concavo-convex section securely; And
Crooked described titanium components when described flector is applied to ultrasonic vibration.
2. the method for crooked titanium components according to claim 1, wherein:
Rod-shaped member comprises reducing diameter part and isometrical section, and the diameter of described reducing diameter part dwindles gradually towards terminal part, and the diameter that described isometrical section is connected to described reducing diameter part and described isometrical section is uniformity, and,
Described contact site is the described terminal part of described rod-shaped member and the boundary portion between described reducing diameter part and described isometrical section.
3. the method for crooked titanium components according to claim 1 and 2, wherein:
Described rod-shaped member is made by the steel except hard alloy steel, and
Described micro concavo-convex section forms has the maximized surface roughness that is more than or equal to 10 microns and is less than or equal to 25 microns.
4. according to the described method for crooked titanium components of any one in claims 1 to 3, wherein, described when crooked when repeatedly carrying out, fluororesin is coated in described micro concavo-convex section again.
5. according to the described method for crooked titanium components of any one in claim 1 to 4, wherein, in described bending, crooked described titanium components in the temperature range from environment temperature to hotter operating temperature range, described temperature range is the maximum temperature limited range from 10 ℃ to continuous use fluororesin.
6. the flector for crooked titanium components, described titanium components is made by titanium or titanium alloy and shape form in a tubular form, and described flector comprises:
Micro concavo-convex section with micro concavo-convex, described micro concavo-convex section has and is more than or equal to 3 microns and be less than or equal to the maximized surface roughness of 25 microns and be positioned at least a portion of the contact site contacted with described titanium components, and,
Be formed on the fluororesin film in described micro concavo-convex section, wherein, described fluororesin film is attached to the surface of described micro concavo-convex section securely.
7. the flector for crooked titanium components according to claim 6, wherein:
Described flector is formed by rod-shaped member, and described rod-shaped member has the diameter corresponding with the hollow bulb of described titanium components,
Described rod-shaped member comprises isometrical and reducing diameter part, and described isometrical section has the diameter of the uniformity corresponding with described hollow bulb, and the diameter that described reducing diameter part is connected to described isometrical and described reducing diameter part dwindles gradually towards terminal part,
Be set as described contact site to the described terminal part of the described rod-shaped member of major general and the boundary portion between described reducing diameter part and described isometrical section, and
Described micro concavo-convex section and described fluororesin film are formed on whole described contact site.
8. according to the described flector for crooked titanium components of claim 6 or 7, wherein:
Described rod-shaped member is made by the steel except hard alloy steel; And
Described micro concavo-convex section forms has the maximized surface roughness that is more than or equal to 10 microns and is less than or equal to 25 microns.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011-002763 | 2011-01-11 | ||
| JP2011002763A JP5878294B2 (en) | 2011-01-11 | 2011-01-11 | Bending method and bending tool for titanium member |
| PCT/JP2012/050654 WO2012096392A1 (en) | 2011-01-11 | 2012-01-06 | Method and tool for bending titanium member |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN103459057A true CN103459057A (en) | 2013-12-18 |
| CN103459057B CN103459057B (en) | 2017-02-15 |
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| CN201280005142.6A Active CN103459057B (en) | 2011-01-11 | 2012-01-06 | Method for bending titanium member |
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| JP (1) | JP5878294B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN103459057B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2012096392A1 (en) |
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| CN105903817A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-08-31 | 苏州华冲精密机械有限公司 | Aluminum profile curving mold |
| CN109070170A (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2018-12-21 | 三菱重工业株式会社 | The manufacturing method and plug of tubing |
| CN111633076A (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2020-09-08 | 浙江工业职业技术学院 | Pipe bending device for geotechnical engineering |
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| CN106825157A (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2017-06-13 | 珠海格力智能装备技术研究院有限公司 | Body prevents flat instrument and body process equipment |
| CN106862339A (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2017-06-20 | 珠海格力智能装备技术研究院有限公司 | Body prevents flat instrument and body process equipment |
| CN111872184A (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2020-11-03 | 大连交通大学 | Auxiliary stretch bending device and method based on high-frequency composite vibration |
| CN113305188B (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2022-09-20 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Cold stretch bending forming method for titanium alloy thin-wall section |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| WO2012096392A1 (en) | 2012-07-19 |
| JP2012143772A (en) | 2012-08-02 |
| CN103459057B (en) | 2017-02-15 |
| JP5878294B2 (en) | 2016-03-08 |
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