CN103457899B - A kind of compressed sensing OFDM frame synchornization method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The open a kind of compressed sensing OFDM frame synchornization method of the present invention, including: structure compressed sensing matrix A；Receiving terminal receives the signal frame that transmitting terminal is launched, and constitutes reception signal phasor r；Utilize described compressed sensing matrix A and described reception signal phasor r to complete related operation to process, obtain the frame synchronization point d in the compression domain of described signal frame；According to the synchronous point d in described compression domain, determine the frame synchronization point d in the uncompressed domain in described signal frame0；Use the frame synchronization point d in described uncompressed domain0, carry out the frame synchronization between described receiving terminal and described transmitting terminal.The present invention greatly saves processor resource.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the frame synchronizing in a kind of TDS-OFDM communication system, be specifically related to a kind of compressed sensing OFDM
Frame synchornization method.
Background technology
OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing, OFDM) technology has
Excellent anti-multipath jamming ability, thus be widely used cellular communication, in the wireless communication system such as digital broadcast television.
According to the filling mode at OFDM symbol protection interval, currently mainly there is the ofdm system of three types: based on Cyclic Prefix
The CP-OFDM system of (Cyclic Prefix, CP), the ZP-OFDM system of zero padding (Zero Padding, ZP) in protection interval
The TDS-OFDM of the Domain Synchronous (Time Domain Synchronous, TDS) of pseudo-random sequence is filled in system and protection interval
System.In this three classes ofdm system, the reception Processing Algorithm of ZP-OFDM system is complicated.Relative to CP-OFDM system, TDS-
Ofdm system need not extra pilot signal, it is possible to increase the channel capacity of system, thus by the many matchmakers in China Digital TV ground
Body broadcast (DTMB, Digital Terrestrial Multimedia Broadcast) standard is adopted.
Frame synchronization is the requisite key link of TDS-OFDM communication system and top priority, it is generally the case that only
After completing frame synchronization, follow-up process (as channel is estimated, infomation detection etc. processes) just can be carried out.In TDS-OFDM system
In system, receiving terminal its transmitting terminal known fills pseudo-random sequence (or referred to as training sequence) in protection interval.Therefore, carrying out
During frame synchronization, traditional TDS-OFDM system frame synchronizing method utilizes known pseudo-random sequence (or referred to as training sequence) and connects
Collect mail and number carry out the related operation method of a kind of concrete signal processing (" related operation " be), and find by certain criterion and send out
Penetrate signal and arrive the propagation delay of reception antenna.Although, traditional TDS-OFDM frame synchornization method has certain feasibility, but
The related operation of frame synchronizing process processes and occupies more processor resource expense.
The compressive sensing theory occurred in recent years is pointed out, as long as signal is compressible or is sparse at certain transform domain
, then just with the conversion incoherent observing matrix of base, the high dimensional signal of conversion gained can be projected to lower dimensional space with one
On, thus the compression realizing signal processes.Then, by solve an optimization problem just can from compression after a small amount of information
Original signal is reconstructed with high probability.Numerous researchs show, may certify that such high dimensional signal comprises to the projection of lower dimensional space
The enough information of reconstruction signal.The method is widely used in the aspects such as radio communication, radar and remote sensing image processing.
When TDS-OFDM system carries out frame synchronization process, the output signal processed due to related operation is sparse, profit
Carry out frame synchronization process by compressed sensing technology to be possibly realized.Therefore, for reducing TDS-OFDM system in frame synchronizing process
Resource overhead, the present invention proposes a kind of compressed sensing OFDM frame synchornization method.
Summary of the invention
Present invention is primarily targeted at, it is provided that a kind of novel compressed sensing OFDM frame synchornization method, to be solved
Technical problem is that, based on compressed sensing technology, proposition method greatly reduces related operation number of processes during frame synchronization, thus drops
Low TDS-OFDM system processor resource expense in frame synchronizing process, thus more suitable for practicality.
The object of the invention to solve the technical problems realizes by the following technical solutions.Propose according to the present invention
A kind of compressed sensing OFDM frame synchornization method, for time-domain synchronous orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing system, including structure compressed sensing square
Battle array A；Receiving terminal receives the signal frame that transmitting terminal is launched, and constitutes reception signal phasor r；Utilize described compressed sensing matrix A with
Described reception signal phasor r completes related operation and processes, and obtains the frame synchronization point d in the compression domain of described signal frame；According to institute
State the synchronous point d in compression domain, determine the frame synchronization point d in the uncompressed domain in described signal frame0；Use described uncompressed domain
In frame synchronization point d0, carry out the frame synchronization between described receiving terminal and described transmitting terminal.
Preferably, aforesaid compressed sensing OFDM frame synchornization method, the step of described structure compressed sensing matrix A includes:
According to the upper limit in the distinguishable path of the channel between described transmitting terminal and described receiving terminal, set degree of rarefication K；Obtain known instruction
Practice sequenceLength L, and obtain length N of described signal frame, and take M=N-L+1, and according to described instruction
Practice sequenceThe correlation matrix of structure M × N
The observing matrix Φ of structure K × M；According to described correlation matrix Ψ and described observing matrix Φ, construct described compressed sensing matrix A
=ΦΨ。
Preferably, aforesaid compressed sensing OFDM frame synchornization method, the step bag of the observing matrix Φ of described structure K × M
Include: takeIfFor integer, then taking described observing matrix Φ is
Otherwise, takeWherein,Represent the arithmetic operation that rounds up, then taking described observing matrix Φ is
Preferably, aforesaid compressed sensing OFDM frame synchornization method, described receiving terminal receives the signal frame that transmitting terminal is launched,
And the step constituting reception signal phasor r includes: described receiving terminal receives N number of signal frame from described transmitting terminal, and constitutes N × 1
Described reception signal phasor
Preferably, aforesaid compressed sensing OFDM frame synchornization method, described utilize described compressed sensing matrix A to connect with described
Receiving signal phasor r and complete related operation process, the step obtaining the some d of the frame synchronization in the compression domain of described signal frame includes: profit
Gathered with described compressed sensing matrix A and the described reception signal phasor r process that carries out related calculationTake square composition compression domain inspected number set of each unit prime modulus gathered in ySearch for described compression domain inspected number set yabsIntermediate value is more than the first pre-determined threshold TH, CS's
Minimum index value is as the frame synchronization point d in described compression domain.
Preferably, aforesaid compressed sensing OFDM frame synchornization method, described according to the synchronous point d in described compression domain, really
The frame synchronization point d in uncompressed domain in fixed described signal frame0Step include: according to the frame synchronization point d of described compression domain, structure
Make the indexed set of described uncompressed domain Carry from described correlation matrix Ψ
Take the row of described indexed set d instruction, constitute the submatrix Ψ of described correlation matrixd；Utilize described submatrix ΨdWith described signal
Reception vector r completes related operation process and obtains gathering yd=ΨdR, takes set ydSquare composition uncompressed domain inspection of each unit prime modulus
Test duration set yd,abs；At described uncompressed domain inspected number set yd,absIn, search is more than the second pre-determined threshold ThMinimum index
Value is as described uncompressed domain frame synchronization point d0。
Preferably, aforesaid compressed sensing OFDM frame synchornization method, the step of described structure compressed sensing matrix A is also wrapped
Include: compressed sensing matrix storage area is set at described receiving terminal, and described compressed sensing matrix A is stored in described compression sense
Know matrix storage area；Described utilize described compressed sensing matrix A and described reception signal phasor r to complete related operation to process,
The step obtaining the some d of the frame synchronization in the compression domain of described signal frame also includes: from described compressed sensing matrix storage area, carry
Take described compressed sensing matrix A.
By technique scheme, the compressed sensing OFDM frame synchornization method of the present invention at least has the advantage that
1) compressed sensing matrix A constructed before frame synchronization process process in advance, it is not necessary to construct in real time.Thus, can not account for
Resource is processed with the process time in TDS-OFDM system communication processes and processor.
2) frame synchronizing process make use of compressed sensing technology to process, and related operation when greatly reducing frame synchronization processes
Number of times, thus reduce TDS-OFDM system processor resource expense in frame synchronizing process.
Described above is only the general introduction of technical solution of the present invention, in order to better understand the technological means of the present invention,
And can be practiced according to the content of description, below with presently preferred embodiments of the present invention and coordinate accompanying drawing describe in detail as after.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the signal frame form schematic diagram of TDS-OFDM system；
Fig. 2 is the compressed sensing matrix in compressed sensing OFDM frame synchornization method according to an embodiment of the invention
Structure flow chart；
Fig. 3 is the schematic flow sheet of compressed sensing OFDM frame synchornization method according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the determination uncompressed domain frame in compressed sensing OFDM frame synchornization method according to an embodiment of the invention
The flow chart of synchronous point.
Detailed description of the invention
By further illustrating the technological means and effect that the present invention taked by reaching predetermined goal of the invention, below in conjunction with
Accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment, to its detailed description of the invention, structure, feature and effect thereof of proposing according to the present invention, describe in detail
As rear.In the following description, what different " embodiments " or " embodiment " referred to is not necessarily same embodiment.Additionally, one or
Special characteristic, structure or feature in multiple embodiments can be combined by any suitable form.
In one embodiment of the present of invention, the signal frame form schematic diagram of TDS-OFDM system is as shown in Figure 1.Conducting frame
During synchronization, using and realize based on training sequence (protection fills pseudo-random sequence in interval), its training sequence comes from frame head.
Receiving terminal reception antenna receives the Frame that transmitting terminal is launched, if a length of L of training sequence, that is to say that L is adopted
Sampling point, reception signal length is N.Here, N number of sampled point should be abundant, to guarantee to include in reception signal the training of transmitting
Sequence, generally take that N is training sequence length L 2 times, i.e. N=2L, or more than 2L.
Before frame synchronization process process, the present embodiment constructs compressed sensing matrix A in advance and is stored on receiving terminal finger
Fixed perception matrix storage area, thus process time and the processor during being not take up practical communication processes resource.Such as Fig. 2
Shown in, the construction process of compressed sensing matrix A is as follows:
Step 01, according to wireless channel engineering experience data message, sets degree of rarefication K.Such as, it is 8MHz when signal bandwidth
Time, city is 10～20 with the maximum distinguishable multipath number of suburban environment communication.When signal bandwidth is 20MHz, city with
The maximum distinguishable multipath number of suburban environment communication is 30～40.For digital TV ground multimedia broadcasting (DTMB,
Digital Terrestrial Multimedia Broadcast), its transmitted signal bandwidth is 8MHz, can arrange degree of rarefication K=
20.Take M=N-L+1.
Step 02, utilizes known training sequenceThe correlation matrix Ψ of structure M × N:
Example, if training sequence is [+1-1+1]TI.e. L=3, takes N=8, has the M=N-L+1=6, correlation matrix Ψ to be:
Step 03, takesIfFor integer, then the observing matrix Φ of K × M can be taken as:
Proceed to step 05, otherwise,
Step 04, takesWherein,Represent the arithmetic operation that rounds up.The then observing matrix of K × M
Φ is
Step 05, according to the correlation matrix Ψ and observing matrix Φ of structure, constructs compressed sensing matrix A=Φ Ψ, and will
Perception matrix A is stored in designated storage area, terminates the structure flow process of compressed sensing matrix A.
Frame synchronization process process is detailed below, as shown in Figure 3.
Step 1, receiving terminal reception antenna receives the signal frame that transmitting terminal is launched, and a length of N receiving signal frame is (the most N number of
Sampled point), constitute the reception signal phasor of N × 1Wherein, subscript T represents that transposition operates.
Step 2, from compressed sensing matrix storage area, extracts compressed sensing matrix A.
Step 3, utilize perception matrix A with the reception signal phasor r received do compression domain related operation process:Take square composition compression domain inspected number set y of set y each unit prime modulusabs, i.e.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that described inspected number have selected " mould square ", it is also possible to select other modes,
As taken the mode of the mould of each element, technical scheme is not produced and limit.
Step 4, at compression domain inspected number set yabsIn, search is more than predetermined compression domain threshold value Th,CSMinimum index value d
(seeking the frame synchronization point of compression domain).
Example, it is assumed that K=6, If | y0|2<Th,CS, | y1|2<Th,CS, |
y2|2<Th,CS, | y3|2≥Th,CS, | y4|2<Th,CS, | y5|2≥Th,CS, then d=3.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that here
Index value value selects to start counting up from 0, it is also possible to select to start counting up from 1 or other index values, the not technology to the present invention
Scheme produces and limits.
Described predetermined compression domain threshold value Th,CSCan set according to practical situation and experience, such as, take PFAFor predetermined false-alarm
Probability, predetermined compression domain threshold value T set according to invariable false alertingh,CSIt is configured according to following rule:
WhenDuring for integer, Th,CS=-2QLσ2ln(PFA)；
WhenDuring for non-integer,, have
Step 5, it is judged that the frame synchronization point search of compression domain is the most successful, if index value d does not exists, that is to say yabsIn not
Exist more than threshold value Th,CSValue, then return step 1, wait frame synchronization process process next time；Otherwise, the index value searched
D is the frame synchronization point of compression domain.
Step 6, checks and searches out uncompressed domain frame synchronization point d according to compression domain synchronous point d0(final frame synchronization
Point), thus the handling process of end frame synchronizing process.
Check according to compression domain frame synchronization point d and determine uncompressed domain frame synchronization point d0The flow process of (final frame synchronization point)
Schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 4.Below with regard to final frame synchronization point (uncompressed domain frame synchronization point d0) determination process be described:
Step 61, according to compression domain frame synchronization point d, maps out uncompressed domain location index collection d:
d={dK+1,dK+2,…,min((d+1)K,N)}。
Step 62, extracts the row of indexed set d instruction from correlation matrix Ψ, constitutes the submatrix Ψ of correlation matrixd。
Example, it is assumed that correlation matrix Ψ is Compression domain frame synchronization
Point d=1, degree of rarefication is K=2, N=8.Thus, indexed set d is d={3,4}, the submatrix Ψ of correlation matrixdBy the 3rd and the 4th of Ψ the
Row element forms, i.e.
Step 63, utilizes submatrix ΨdComplete related operation with receiving sequence r to process: yd=ΨdR, takes set ydEach element
Square composition uncompressed domain inspected number set y of mouldd,abs。
Step 63, at inspected number set yd,absIn, search is more than predetermined threshold ThMinimum index value d0, it is uncompressed
Territory frame synchronization point (that is to say final frame synchronization point), terminates final frame synchronization point (uncompressed domain frame synchronization point d0) determination
Process.
Described predetermined threshold ThCan set according to practical situation and experience, such as, take PFAFor predetermined false-alarm probability, according to
The predetermined threshold T that invariable false alerting setshFor: Th=-2Lσ2ln(PFA)。
Save related operation below on the whole to process resource and do simple examples with regard to the present invention and compare:
Assume that TDS-OFDM system is DTMB system, take PN420 pattern, L=255, N=510 (do not consider the leading of frame head and
Rear leading code), M=N-L+1=256.Thus the related operation number of times that traditional frame synchornization method needs sequence length to be L=255 is M=
256 times.Taking K=20, it is K=20 time that the present invention does, in compression domain, the related operation number of times that sequence length is L=255；At uncompressed domain
Do the related operation number of times that sequence length is L=255 to be not more thanSecondary.Therefore, the present invention shares relevant fortune
Calculate number of times to be not more than 33 times, be far smaller than the related operation number of times 256 times that traditional method needs.
For another example, it is considered to PN945 pattern, L=511, N=1022 (do not consider the leading and rear leading code of frame head), and traditional method needs
Wanting related operation number of times is M=N-L+1=512 time.Taking K=20, the present invention needs related operation number of times to be not more than 46 times, the least
In the related operation number of times 512 times that traditional method needs.
According to above-mentioned concrete example, the compressed sensing OFDM frame synchornization method of the present invention greatly saves processor
Resource.
The above, be only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention not makees any pro forma restriction, though
So the present invention is disclosed above with preferred embodiment, but is not limited to the present invention, any technology people being familiar with this specialty
Member, in the range of without departing from technical solution of the present invention, when the technology contents of available the disclosure above makes a little change or modification
For the Equivalent embodiments of equivalent variations, as long as being the content without departing from technical solution of the present invention, the technical spirit of the foundation present invention
Any simple modification, equivalent variations and the modification being made above example, all still falls within the range of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a compressed sensing OFDM frame synchornization method, it is characterised in that including:
Structure compressed sensing matrix A；
Receiving terminal receives the signal frame that transmitting terminal is launched, and constitutes reception signal phasor r；
Utilize described compressed sensing matrix A and described reception signal phasor r to complete related operation to process, obtain described signal frame
Frame synchronization point d in compression domain；
Described utilize described compressed sensing matrix A and described reception signal phasor r to complete related operation to process, obtain described signal
The step of the frame synchronization point d in the compression domain of frame includes:
Utilize described compressed sensing matrix A and described reception signal phasor r to complete related operation process to obtain gathering y=Ar=
{y1,y2,…,yK, take square composition compression domain inspected number set y of each unit prime modulus gathered in yabs=| y1|2,|y2
|2,…,|yK|2}；
Search for described compression domain inspected number set yabsIntermediate value is more than the first pre-determined threshold Th,CSMinimum index value as described pressure
Frame synchronization point d in contracting territory；
According to the frame synchronization point d in described compression domain, determine the frame synchronization point d in the uncompressed domain in described signal frame0；
Described according to the frame synchronization point d in described compression domain, determine the frame synchronization point d in the uncompressed domain in described signal frame0's
Step includes:
Frame synchronization point d according to described compression domain, constructs indexed set d={dK+1, the dK+2 of described uncompressed domain ..., min ((d
+1)K,N)}；
From correlation matrix Ψ, extract the row that described indexed set d indicates, constitute the submatrix Ψ of correlation matrixd；
Utilize described submatrix ΨdComplete related operation with described reception signal phasor r to process, obtain gathering yd=ΨdR, takes collection
Close ydSquare composition uncompressed domain inspected number set y of each unit prime modulusd,abs；
At described uncompressed domain inspected number set yd,absIn, search is more than the second pre-determined threshold ThMinimum index value as described
Uncompressed domain frame synchronization point d0；Wherein K is degree of rarefication, and N is the length of signal frame；
Use the frame synchronization point d in described uncompressed domain0, carry out the frame synchronization between described receiving terminal and described transmitting terminal.
Compressed sensing OFDM frame synchornization method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described structure compressed sensing square
The step of battle array A includes:
According to the upper limit in the distinguishable path of the channel between described transmitting terminal and described receiving terminal, set degree of rarefication K；
Obtain known training sequence [β1,β2…,βL]TLength L, and obtain length N of described signal frame, and take M=N-L
+ 1, and according to described training sequence [β1,β2…,βL]TThe correlation matrix of structure M × N
The observing matrix Φ of structure K × M；
According to described correlation matrix Ψ and described observing matrix Φ, construct described compressed sensing matrix A=Φ Ψ.
Compressed sensing OFDM frame synchornization method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the observation of described structure K × M
The step of matrix Φ includes:
TakeIfFor integer, then taking described observing matrix Φ is
Otherwise, takeWherein,Represent the arithmetic operation that rounds up, then taking described observing matrix Φ is
Compressed sensing OFDM frame synchornization method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described receiving terminal receives to be launched
Hold the signal frame launched, and the step constituting reception signal phasor r include:
Described receiving terminal receives N number of signal frame from described transmitting terminal, and constitutes the described reception signal phasor r=[r of N × 10,
r1,…,rN-1]T。
Compressed sensing OFDM frame synchornization method the most according to any one of claim 1 to 4, it is characterised in that described structure
The step making compressed sensing matrix A also includes:
Compressed sensing matrix storage area is set at described receiving terminal, and described compressed sensing matrix A is stored in described compression
Perception matrix storage area；
Described utilize described compressed sensing matrix A and described reception signal phasor r to complete related operation to process, obtain described signal
The step of the frame synchronization point d in the compression domain of frame also includes:
From described compressed sensing matrix storage area, extract described compressed sensing matrix A.
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