CN103454020B - Surrounding rock stress on-line monitoring system and method based on fiber bragg grating borehole stress meter - Google Patents
Surrounding rock stress on-line monitoring system and method based on fiber bragg grating borehole stress meter Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a surrounding rock stress on-line monitoring system and method based on a fiber bragg grating borehole stress meter. A plurality of measurement points are arranged on a surrounding rock, the fiber bragg grating borehole stress meter is installed in a surrounding rock wall drill hole, an optical fiber connector is connected with an optical fiber, and the optical fiber is connected to a mining optical cable, is then directly connected to the ground, and is connected with a fiber bragg grating modulator; an optical signal is modulated to a digital signal by the fiber bragg grating modulator, the digital signal is transmitted to a computer, is monitored in real time and is analyzed and processed, and a surrounding rock axial stress and transverse stress analyzing and processing method is provided under the temperature compensation condition according to grating stress characteristics. The surrounding rock stress on-line monitoring system and method have the advantages that equipment is easy to install, long in service life and suitable for popularization and use; power supply is not needed underground, electrical signals and electronic devices do not exist, and therefore the field is safe; because all-optical measurement and optical fiber transmission are adopted, monitoring precision is greatly improved, and effect of electromagnetic interference can be effectively avoided under complex and poor environment; surrounding rock stress monitoring results can be provided in time and guiding of field production and scientific research work is facilitated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Stress On-Line method, specifically a kind of surrouding rock stress on-line monitoring method based on fiber grating borehole stressmeter.
Background technology
In recent years, along with the continuous increase with mining depth that improves constantly of mining technique, the disaster that strata behaviors causes is also more and more serious, as the accidents such as roof collapse, roadway deformation, impulsion pressure frequently occur, cause huge loss to the coal mining of China, have a strong impact on life security and the shaft production of practitioner.Therefore, the surrouding rock stress monitoring as one of mine safety production important leverage means more and more comes into one's own, also more and more higher to the requirement of the accuracy of monitoring, reliability and on-line monitoring ability.If set up an advanced surrouding rock stress on-line monitoring early warning system, just can effectively prevent and reduce the generation of ore deposit pressure accident.
Although obtained certain development domestic and international at present in manual intelligent monitoring field, existing ore pressure monitor method generally has following shortcoming: 1, be subject to electromagnetic interference (EMI) and external environmental interference, monitoring accuracy is bad; 2, non-moistureproof, reliability is low, and monitoring efficiency is not high, and the sensing element life-span is short; 3, remote monitoring cannot be carried out to monitoring, real time on-line monitoring and long term monitoring can not be realized.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters: in order to overcome deficiency of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of surrouding rock stress on-line monitoring system based on fiber grating borehole stressmeter and method, solve current ore pressure monitor exist: 1, be subject to electromagnetic interference (EMI) and external environmental interference, monitoring accuracy is bad; 2, non-moistureproof, reliability is low, and monitoring efficiency is not high, and the sensing element life-span is short; 3, remote monitoring cannot be carried out to monitoring, the problem of real time on-line monitoring and long term monitoring can not be realized.
Technical scheme: object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Based on a surrouding rock stress on-line monitoring method for fiber grating borehole stressmeter,
Comprise and adopt fiber grating borehole stressmeter, fiber connector, optical fiber, optical fiber cable for mine, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator and computing machine; Be connected with fiber connector at the afterbody of fiber grating borehole stressmeter, fiber connector is connected with the input end of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator with optical fiber cable for mine by optical fiber, and the output terminal of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator is connected with computing machine; Include in described fiber grating borehole stressmeter and organize fiber grating more, often organize fiber grating and be made up of an axial strain grating, a transverse strain grating and a temperature grating;
Described method realizes through the following steps:
The vertical working wall boring in roadway surrounding rock of A, use drilling machine, bore diameter 2-4mm about larger than the diameter of fiber grating borehole stressmeter, Anchor Agent is sent into drilling front end, fiber grating borehole stressmeter is installed in the borehole by horizontal or vertical direction, and anchoring abundant with Anchor Agent; Fiber connector is drawn the also outside of boring and Fiber connection, by boring sand-cement slurry sealing of hole; Intelligent acess optical fiber cable for mine, light signal is passed to ground fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, after demodulation, Signal transmissions is to computer system, and computer system obtains the centre wavelength drift value of axial strain grating, transverse strain grating and temperature grating;
B, be handled as follows to obtain axial strain amount to the centre wavelength data of axial strain grating and temperature grating:
In formula,
,
be respectively the centre wavelength drift value of axial strain grating and temperature grating,
,
be respectively the initial center wavelength of axial strain grating and temperature grating,
for the axial strain amount of axial strain grating,
for wave length shift axial sensitivity coefficient under fiber grating photoelastic effect,
for fiber grating relative temperature sensitivity coefficient,
for temperature variation;
C, obtain axial strain amount after, obtain the country rock axial stress at one group of axial strain stop position place according to following formula:
In formula,
for this group stop position place country rock axial stress,
efor the elastic modulus of fiber grating borehole stressmeter;
For the unbalance stress avoiding fiber grating borehole stressmeter bias to cause, gained country rock axial stress is calculated to four groups of axial strain gratings, transverse strain grating and temperature grating and is weighted on average, obtain revised country rock axial stress:
In formula,
for revised country rock axial stress,
,
,
,
be respectively the country rock axial stress at axial strain stop position place in four groups of fiber gratings;
D, the level and the perpendicular stress that obtain grating xsect are handled as follows to the centre wavelength data of transverse strain grating:
In formula,
,
be respectively transverse strain grating in the horizontal direction with the centre wavelength drift value of vertical direction,
for the initial center wavelength of transverse strain grating,
for the initial effective refractive index of transverse strain grating, E is the elastic modulus of fiber grating,
for the Poisson's coefficient of fiber grating,
,
be respectively the strain optical coefficient that fiber grating is horizontal and axial,
,
be respectively the level of grating xsect mid point and vertical;
After E, the level obtaining grating xsect mid point and perpendicular stress, in following two formulas, the same form is selected to obtain the radial stress of fiber grating borehole stressmeter drilled edge country rock at this group stop position place along xsect:
In formula,
for this group stop position place country rock radial stress, L is fiber grating length, and D is fibre diameter;
F, for avoiding the unbalance stress that causes of fiber grating borehole stressmeter bias, be weighted on average to the often group fiber grating calculated value of axisymmetric position, because fiber grating borehole stressmeter is installed by horizontal or vertical direction, in the grating group calculated value of upright position, radial stress is perpendicular stress, in the grating group calculated value of horizontal level, radial stress is horizontal stress, can obtain revised country rock horizontal stress and perpendicular stress:
In formula,
,
be respectively revised stop position place country rock horizontal stress and perpendicular stress,
,
be respectively the country rock horizontal stress of two groups of rotational symmetry fiber gratings of horizontal direction,
,
be respectively the Pericardiac arrest of two groups of rotational symmetry fiber gratings of vertical direction.
Beneficial effect, owing to have employed such scheme, a kind of surrouding rock stress on-line monitoring system based on fiber grating borehole stressmeter and method, some measuring points are arranged at country rock, fiber grating borehole stressmeter is arranged in the boring of country rock wall, and by fiber connector and Fiber connection, intelligent acess optical fiber cable for mine leads directly to ground, be connected with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, realize light signal from down-hole to aboveground transmission; Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator with optical signal demodulation is digital signal and transfers to computing machine to monitor in real time and analyzing and processing, and provide the analysis and processing method of country rock axial stress and transverse stress under temperature compensation condition according to grating stress characteristic.Solve current ore pressure monitor exist: 1, be subject to electromagnetic interference (EMI) and external environmental interference, monitoring accuracy is bad; 2, non-moistureproof, reliability is low, and monitoring efficiency is not high, and the sensing element life-span is short; 3, remote monitoring cannot be carried out to monitoring, the problem of real time on-line monitoring and long term monitoring can not be realized, reach object of the present invention.
Advantage: equipment is installed simple, long service life, is suitable for popularity application; Down-hole does not need power supply, there is not electric signal and electron device, ensures site safety; Adopt full photo measure and Optical Fiber Transmission, drastically increase monitoring accuracy, and the impact of electromagnetic interference (EMI) under effectively can avoiding complicated rugged surroundings; Surrouding rock stress monitoring result can be provided in time, be beneficial to guide field and produce and research work.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is system architecture schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is advance of the face direction point layout mode figure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is tunnel of the present invention point layout sectional drawing.
Fig. 4 is system of the present invention composition frame diagram.
In figure, 1 is fiber grating borehole stressmeter; 2 is fiber connector; 3 is optical fiber; 4 is optical fiber cable for mine; 5 is light fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator; 6 is computing machine; 7 is country rock; 8 is Anchor Agent; 9 is sand-cement slurry; 10 is workplace; 11 is mining roadway; 12 is advance of the face direction measuring point; 13 is boring; 14 is anchor pole.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, one embodiment of the present of invention are further described:
Embodiment 1: a kind of surrouding rock stress on-line monitoring based on fiber grating borehole stressmeter comprises system and method,
Described system comprises: fiber grating borehole stressmeter 1, fiber connector 2, optical fiber 3, optical fiber cable for mine 4, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 5 and computing machine 6; Be connected with fiber connector 2 at the afterbody of fiber grating borehole stressmeter 1, fiber connector 2 is connected with the input end of optical fiber cable for mine 4 with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 5 by optical fiber 3, and the output terminal of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 5 is connected with computing machine 6; Include 4 groups of fiber gratings in described fiber grating borehole stressmeter 1, often organize fiber grating and be made up of an axial strain grating, a transverse strain grating and a temperature grating.
Described method realizes through the following steps:
The vertical working wall boring in roadway surrounding rock of A, use drilling machine, bore diameter 2-4mm about larger than the diameter of fiber grating borehole stressmeter, Anchor Agent is sent into drilling front end, fiber grating borehole stressmeter is installed in the borehole by horizontal or vertical direction, and anchoring abundant with Anchor Agent; Fiber connector is drawn the also outside of boring and Fiber connection, by boring sand-cement slurry sealing of hole; Intelligent acess optical fiber cable for mine, light signal is passed to ground fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, after demodulation, Signal transmissions is to computer system, and computer system obtains the centre wavelength drift value of axial strain grating, transverse strain grating and temperature grating;
B, be handled as follows to obtain axial strain amount to the centre wavelength data of axial strain grating and temperature grating:
In formula,
,
be respectively the centre wavelength drift value of axial strain grating and temperature grating,
,
be respectively the initial center wavelength of axial strain grating and temperature grating,
for the axial strain amount of axial strain grating,
for wave length shift axial sensitivity coefficient under fiber grating photoelastic effect,
for fiber grating relative temperature sensitivity coefficient,
for temperature variation;
C, obtain axial strain amount after, obtain the country rock axial stress at one group of axial strain stop position place according to following formula:
In formula,
for this group stop position place country rock axial stress,
efor the elastic modulus of fiber grating borehole stressmeter;
For the unbalance stress avoiding fiber grating borehole stressmeter bias to cause, gained country rock axial stress is calculated to four groups of axial strain gratings, transverse strain grating and temperature grating and is weighted on average, obtain revised country rock axial stress:
In formula,
for revised country rock axial stress,
,
,
,
be respectively the country rock axial stress at axial strain stop position place in four groups of fiber gratings;
D, the level and the perpendicular stress that obtain grating xsect are handled as follows to the centre wavelength data of transverse strain grating:
In formula,
,
be respectively transverse strain grating in the horizontal direction with the centre wavelength drift value of vertical direction,
for the initial center wavelength of transverse strain grating,
for the initial effective refractive index of transverse strain grating, E is the elastic modulus of fiber grating,
for the Poisson's coefficient of fiber grating,
,
be respectively the strain optical coefficient that fiber grating is horizontal and axial,
,
be respectively the level of grating xsect mid point and vertical;
After E, the level obtaining grating xsect mid point and perpendicular stress, in following two formulas, the same form is selected to obtain the radial stress of fiber grating borehole stressmeter drilled edge country rock at this group stop position place along xsect:
In formula,
for this group stop position place country rock radial stress, L is fiber grating length, and D is fibre diameter;
F, for avoiding the unbalance stress that causes of fiber grating borehole stressmeter bias, be weighted on average to the often group fiber grating calculated value of axisymmetric position, because fiber grating borehole stressmeter is installed by horizontal or vertical direction, in the grating group calculated value of upright position, radial stress is perpendicular stress, in the grating group calculated value of horizontal level, radial stress is horizontal stress, can obtain revised country rock horizontal stress and perpendicular stress:
In formula,
,
be respectively revised stop position place country rock horizontal stress and perpendicular stress,
,
be respectively the country rock horizontal stress of two groups of rotational symmetry fiber gratings of horizontal direction,
,
be respectively the Pericardiac arrest of two groups of rotational symmetry fiber gratings of vertical direction.
By above concrete enforcement, the invention provides a kind of surrouding rock stress on-line monitoring system based on fiber grating borehole stressmeter and method, some measuring points are arranged at country rock, fiber grating borehole stressmeter is arranged in the boring of country rock wall, by fiber connector and Fiber connection, intelligent acess optical fiber cable for mine leads directly to ground, is connected with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, realizes light signal from down-hole to aboveground transmission; Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator with optical signal demodulation is digital signal and transfers to computing machine to monitor in real time and analyzing and processing, and provide the analysis and processing method of country rock axial stress and transverse stress under temperature compensation condition according to grating stress characteristic.Its advantage is: equipment is installed simple, long service life, is suitable for popularity application; Down-hole does not need power supply, there is not electric signal and electron device, ensures site safety; Adopt full photo measure and Optical Fiber Transmission, drastically increase monitoring accuracy, and the impact of electromagnetic interference (EMI) under effectively can avoiding complicated rugged surroundings; Surrouding rock stress monitoring result can be provided in time, be beneficial to guide field and produce and research work.
Embodiment 2: include 10 groups of fiber gratings in described fiber grating borehole stressmeter 1.Other embodiments 1 are same.
Claims (1)
1., based on a surrouding rock stress on-line monitoring method for fiber grating borehole stressmeter, comprise and adopt fiber grating borehole stressmeter, fiber connector, optical fiber, optical fiber cable for mine, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator and computing machine; The afterbody of fiber grating borehole stressmeter is connected with fiber connector, and fiber connector is connected with the input end of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator with optical fiber cable for mine by optical fiber, and the output terminal of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator is connected with computing machine; Include in described fiber grating borehole stressmeter and organize fiber grating more, often organize fiber grating and be made up of an axial strain grating, a transverse strain grating and a temperature grating, it is characterized in that:
The vertical working wall boring in roadway surrounding rock of A, use drilling machine, bore diameter 2-4mm larger than the diameter of fiber grating borehole stressmeter, Anchor Agent is sent into drilling front end, fiber grating borehole stressmeter is installed in the borehole by horizontal or vertical direction, and anchoring abundant with Anchor Agent; Fiber connector is drawn the also outside of boring and Fiber connection, by boring sand-cement slurry sealing of hole; Intelligent acess optical fiber cable for mine, light signal is passed to ground fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, after demodulation, Signal transmissions is to computer system, and computer system obtains the centre wavelength drift value of axial strain grating, transverse strain grating and temperature grating;
B, be handled as follows to obtain axial strain amount to the centre wavelength data of axial strain grating and temperature grating:
In formula,
be respectively the centre wavelength drift value of axial strain grating and temperature grating,
be respectively the initial center wavelength of axial strain grating and temperature grating, ε
hfor the axial strain amount of axial strain grating, K
εfor wave length shift axial sensitivity coefficient under fiber grating photoelastic effect, K
tfor fiber grating relative temperature sensitivity coefficient, Δ T is temperature variation;
C, obtain axial strain amount after, obtain the country rock axial stress at one group of axial strain stop position place according to following formula:
σ
H＝Eε
H
In formula, σ
hfor this group stop position place country rock axial stress, E is the elastic modulus of fiber grating borehole stressmeter;
For the unbalance stress avoiding fiber grating borehole stressmeter bias to cause, gained country rock axial stress is calculated to four groups of axial strain gratings, transverse strain grating and temperature grating and is weighted on average, obtain revised country rock axial stress:
In formula, σ
h' be revised country rock axial stress,
be respectively the country rock axial stress at axial strain stop position place in four groups of fiber gratings;
D, the level and the perpendicular stress that obtain grating xsect are handled as follows to the centre wavelength data of transverse strain grating:
In formula, Δ λ
bx, Δ λ
bybe respectively transverse strain grating in the horizontal direction with the centre wavelength drift value of vertical direction, λ
b0for the initial center wavelength of transverse strain grating, n
efffor the initial effective refractive index of transverse strain grating, E is the elastic modulus of fiber grating, and ν is the Poisson's coefficient of fiber grating, p
11, p
12be respectively the strain optical coefficient that fiber grating is horizontal and axial, σ
x, σ
ybe respectively the level of grating xsect mid point and vertical;
After E, the level obtaining grating xsect mid point and perpendicular stress, in following two formulas, the same form is selected to obtain the radial stress of fiber grating borehole stressmeter drilled edge country rock at this group stop position place along xsect:
In formula, σ
vfor this group stop position place country rock radial stress, L is fiber grating length, and D is fibre diameter;
F, for avoiding the unbalance stress that causes of fiber grating borehole stressmeter bias, be weighted on average to the often group fiber grating calculated value of axisymmetric position, because fiber grating borehole stressmeter is installed by horizontal or vertical direction, in the grating group calculated value of upright position, radial stress is perpendicular stress, in the grating group calculated value of horizontal level, radial stress is horizontal stress, obtains revised country rock horizontal stress and perpendicular stress:
In formula, σ
vx, σ
vybe respectively revised stop position place country rock horizontal stress and perpendicular stress, σ
v1, σ
v3be respectively the country rock horizontal stress of two groups of rotational symmetry fiber gratings of horizontal direction, σ
v2, σ
v4be respectively the Pericardiac arrest of two groups of rotational symmetry fiber gratings of vertical direction.
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| CN106285533B (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2018-09-21 | 上海波汇科技股份有限公司 | A kind of installation method of fiber grating borehole stressmeter in deep coal seam |
| CN106595918B (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2018-12-11 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | A kind of long term monitoring device and method of the outer soil pressure of duct pieces of shield tunnel |
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| CN107356356A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2017-11-17 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | The fiber grating surrouding rock stress monitoring device and monitoring system of a kind of high-survival rate |
| CN107255536B (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2019-06-25 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of stress direction testing equipment and detection method based on optical fiber grating sensing |
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| CN114046914B (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2022-07-26 | 煤炭科学研究总院有限公司 | Surrounding rock stress detection method and device and electronic equipment |
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| CN202033138U (en) * | 2010-11-08 | 2011-11-09 | 昆明理工大学 | Fiber Bragg grating distributed anchor pole force cell sensor |
| CN102818665B (en) * | 2012-08-28 | 2014-08-20 | 中国矿业大学 | Device and method for integrated collection of stress and displacement of surrounding rocks |
| CN102798492A (en) * | 2012-08-30 | 2012-11-28 | 西安科技大学 | Fiber bragg grating detection system device and method for detecting anchoring force of anchor rod |
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