CN109612402A - A kind of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device and pin shaft device method for detecting stress and strain - Google Patents
A kind of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device and pin shaft device method for detecting stress and strain Download PDFInfo
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- CN109612402A CN109612402A CN201910021114.7A CN201910021114A CN109612402A CN 109612402 A CN109612402 A CN 109612402A CN 201910021114 A CN201910021114 A CN 201910021114A CN 109612402 A CN109612402 A CN 109612402A
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- pin shaft
- shaft device
- fiber grating
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- optical sensor
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011897 real-time detection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007630 basic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008447 perception Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
- G01B11/165—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge by means of a grating deformed by the object
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B19/00—Bolts without screw-thread; Pins, including deformable elements; Rivets
- F16B19/02—Bolts or sleeves for positioning of machine parts, e.g. notched taper pins, fitting pins, sleeves, eccentric positioning rings
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/24—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet
- G01L1/242—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet the material being an optical fibre
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device and pin shaft device method for detecting stress and strain, the pin shaft device includes: 3 boss, 2 straight-line grooves, 2 fiber gratings and 1 curved groove, it is contacted between pin shaft and tooling by boss, its contact point is point-blank, it slots along the straight line, fiber grating is laid and is solidified in wire casing, is connected between 2 straight-line grooves by 1 curved groove;The described method includes: being laid in pin shaft device using fiber grating as sensing element, it converts the variation of pin shaft device stress and strain to the movement of optic fiber grating wavelength;Wavelength change utilizes the inquiry detection of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator table.This invention ensures that the consistency of device stress, increases device sensitivity, and be able to achieve temperature compensation function;Meanwhile the good in anti-interference performance of detection method of the present invention, measurement stability is high, and precision is high, and inferred-zero drifting problem.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the automatic detection field of equipment more particularly to a kind of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft devices and pin shaft device stress
Strain detecting method.
Background technique
Pin shaft is a kind of standardized fastener, is widely used in the connection of mechanical structure, is the key that in mechanical structure
Part and emphasis part.Pin shaft part is subjected to intellectualized reconstruction, production becomes bearing pin sensor, it is made to have both connection and perception
Function detects its real-time online loaded, grasps its working condition in time, and then realize the overload protection to pin shaft,
It can also be simultaneously mechanical device, the safety detection of mechanical equipment and security management services.
Mainly using electric class sensing detection technology, resistance strain gage is implanted into pin shaft for traditional bearing pin sensor,
It is loaded to perceive pin shaft.Traditional resistor strain chip bearing pin sensor is widely used in engineer application, and
Very positive effect is produced, however because electric class sensing element is active device, moisture-proof wetting resistance, electromagnetism interference energy
Power, performance steady in a long-term show poor under the conditions of severe monitoring, when long-time is used under complicated monitoring environment, are easy
The failures such as null offset occur, affect the reliability of monitoring result.
Summary of the invention
Prior art pin shaft poor anti jamming capability, precision is low, is easy to happen the defects of null offset in order to overcome, the present invention
Provide a kind of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device and pin shaft device method for detecting stress and strain.
A kind of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device, the pin shaft device include: first boss, second boss, third boss, first
Fiber grating, the second fiber grating, first straight line slot, curved groove and second straight line slot, wherein
The first boss, second boss and third boss, for being contacted between pin shaft and tooling;
The first straight line slot and second straight line slot are the two sides between first boss, second boss, third boss and tooling
Straight line where contact point slots to be formed, for laying simultaneously curing optical fiber grating;
First fiber grating and the second fiber grating, for converting light for the variation of pin shaft device stress and strain
The offset of fine grating wavelength.
Further, the curved groove is for connecting first straight line slot and second straight line slot, and the light of laying transmission wherein
It is fine.
Further, the first straight line slot and second straight line slot are axisymmetricly distributed about pin shaft center, are laid respectively
First fiber grating and the second fiber grating.
Further, the tail optical fiber of fiber grating comes together in one end of pin shaft in the pin shaft device.
A kind of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device method for detecting stress and strain, which comprises
The variation of pin shaft device stress and strain is turned as sensing element using fiber grating in pin shaft device is laid in
Turn to the offset of optic fiber grating wavelength;
By detection device detection fiber grating wavelength offset, according to reflecting between wavelength shift and pin shaft dependent variable
Relationship is penetrated, realizes the real-time detection of pin shaft device stress and strain.
Further, pin shaft device stress σ suffered by 2 symmetrical fiber grating solidification points1And σ1Calculation
Are as follows:
In formula, M is simply supported beam moment of flexure, WzFor bending resistant section coefficient, F is load, and distance of the L between two fulcrums, d is pin shaft
Diameter.
Further, pin shaft device dependent variable ε suffered by 2 symmetrical fiber grating solidification points1And ε2Calculating side
Formula are as follows:
In formula, F is load, and distance of the L between two fulcrums, E is the elasticity modulus of pin shaft material, and d is pin diameter.
Further, the relationship between the offset Δ λ and temperature Δ T and strain Δε of the optic fiber grating wavelength are as follows:
Δ λ=KtΔT+KεΔε
The wavelength shift Δ λ of 2 gratings on pin shaft1With Δ λ2, then have:
2 gratings on pin shaft may be regarded as in same temperature field, therefore, Δ T1=Δ T2, substituting into above formula then has:
Δλ1-Δλ2=2KεΔε1
In formula, KtFor temperature sensitivity coefficient, KεFor ga(u)ge factor.
Further, which is characterized in that the optic fiber grating wavelength offset Δ λ1With Δ λ2With pin shaft dependent variable ε1Between
Mapping relations:
In formula, F is load, and distance of the L between two fulcrums, E is the elasticity modulus of pin shaft material, and d is pin diameter, KεFor
Ga(u)ge factor.
Inventive pin shaft device has three projective table type structures, is contacted between pin shaft and tooling by boss, contact point is one
On straight line, so that load is become point type load from linear load, focus at 3 points that tooling is contacted with pin shaft, intermediate lands contact
Load is born at point, both sides boss contact point ensure that force acting on transducer position consistency as support, the geometric dimension of three boss
Property;It slots along straight line where tooling and pin shaft contact point, fiber grating is laid and is solidified in wire casing.Wherein, straight-line groove has 2
Item is axisymmetricly distributed about pin shaft center, lays 2 fiber gratings, this 2 fiber gratings are symmetrically laid, it can be achieved that difference
Formula detection, increases transducer sensitivity by 1 times, and be able to achieve temperature compensation function, passes through 1 curve between 2 straight-line grooves
Slot is connected, and curved groove lays transmission fiber, and tail optical fiber is come together in pin shaft one end, convenient for the connecting and networking of sensor.
Detection method is based on Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device, using fiber grating as sensing element, by pin shaft device stress and strain
Variation is converted into the movement of optic fiber grating wavelength;Changed using fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator table inquiry Detection wavelength, to realize pin
The detection of shaft device stress and strain.The present invention not only ensure that the stress consistency of device, increase device sensitivity, realize
Temperature compensation function, and the good in anti-interference performance of detection method, measurement stability is high, and precision is high, inferred-zero drifting problem.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be illustrated in the following description, also, partly becomes from specification aobvious and easy
See, or understand through the implementation of the invention.The objectives and other advantages of the invention can by specification, claims with
And pointed structure is achieved and obtained in attached drawing.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is this hair
Bright some embodiments for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with root
Other attached drawings are obtained according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 shows the structural schematic diagram of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 shows the cross-sectional view of the structure of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 shows the basic flow of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device stress and strain detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention
Cheng Tu;
Fig. 4 shows the force analysis figure of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In figure: 1 first boss, 2 second boss, 3 third boss, 4 first fiber gratings, 5 second fiber gratings, 6 first
Straight-line groove, 7 curved grooves, 8 second straight line slots.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention clearly and completely illustrated, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
Every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows the structural schematic diagram of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown, pin shaft
Device includes: first boss 1, second boss 2, third boss 3, the first fiber grating 4, the second fiber grating 5, first straight line slot
6, curved groove 7, second straight line slot 8, the first fiber grating 4 and the second fiber grating 5 are laid in first straight line slot 6 and second respectively
In straight-line groove 8, the solidification center of the first fiber grating 4 and the second fiber grating 5 is overlapped with second boss 2.Pin shaft device makes pin
It is contacted between axis and tooling by three boss, contact point point-blank, is slotted along the straight line, and fiber grating lays and solidifies
In the wire casing.Three projective table type structures of device make load become point type load from linear load, focus on tooling and pin shaft device
At 3 points that first boss 1, second boss 2 and third boss 3 contact, load is born at the contact point of second boss 2, first is convex
The contact point of platform 1 and third boss 3 ensure that force acting on transducer location consistency as support, the geometric dimension of three boss.
Fig. 2 shows the cross-sectional view of the structure of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown, pin shaft
It is upper to have 2 for fiber grating laying straight-line groove, lay 2 fiber gratings;Substantially symmetrical about its central axis point about pin shaft of 2 wire casings
Cloth is connected by 1 curved groove, and transmission fiber is laid among curved groove, and the tail optical fiber of fiber grating comes together in the one of pin shaft
End.The symmetrical laying of fiber grating realizes differential type detection, increases transducer sensitivity by 1 times, and realize temperature
Compensation function, tail optical fiber collect the connecting and networking for being also convenient for sensor.
On the basis of above-mentioned pin shaft device, the embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device stress to answer
Become detection method, which comprises pin shaft is filled as sensing element first with fiber grating in pin shaft device is laid in
The variation for setting stress and strain is converted into the offset of optic fiber grating wavelength;It is deviated again by detection device detection fiber grating wavelength
Amount, according to the mapping relations between wavelength shift and pin shaft dependent variable, to realize the real-time of pin shaft device stress and strain
Detection.Fig. 3 shows the basic procedure of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device stress and strain detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention
Figure.Wherein, stress refer to pin shaft device due to external cause, such as: stress, humidity, change of temperature field etc. and when deforming, filled in pin shaft
The internal force for generating interaction between interior each section is set, to resist the effect of this external cause, and attempts to make pin shaft device from deformation
Position afterwards is restored to the position before deformation;Strain refers to because external force makes pin shaft device size or shape that opposite variation occur
The phenomenon that.
Fig. 4 shows the force analysis figure of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown, in pin
The first fiber grating 4 and the second fiber grating 5, two optical fiber are laid on first straight line slot 6 and second straight line slot 8 in shaft device
The solidification point of grating is symmetric points, and in the pin shaft course of work, stress intensity suffered by the two symmetric points is identical, contrary,
Detection method as shown in connection with fig. 3, stress σ suffered by 2 symmetrical fiber grating solidification points1And σ1Calculation are as follows:
In formula, M is simply supported beam moment of flexure, WzFor bending resistant section coefficient, F is load, and distance of the L between two fulcrums, d is pin shaft
Diameter.
What foundation above formula (1), fiber grating 1 and fiber grating 2 generated respectively in 2 symmetrical fiber grating solidification points
Dependent variable ε1And ε2Are as follows:
In formula, F is load, and distance of the L between two fulcrums, E is the elasticity modulus of pin shaft material, and d is pin diameter.
Fiber grating pair temperature and strain are sensitive simultaneously, and enabling its temperature sensitivity coefficient is Kt, ga(u)ge factor be
Kε, then have the relationship between optic fiber grating wavelength offset Δ λ and temperature Δ T and strain Δε are as follows:
Δ λ=KtΔT+KεΔε (3)
Enable the wavelength shift Δ λ of 2 gratings on pin shaft1With Δ λ2, then have:
Since 2 gratings on pin shaft may be regarded as in same temperature field, Δ T1=Δ T2, substitute into above formula then
Have:
Δλ1-Δλ2=2KεΔε1 (5)
The mapping relations that wavelength change Δ λ Yu pin shaft dependent variable Δ ε can be established using formula (2) and formula (5), by wave
The load real time on-line monitoring of pin shaft stress and strain can be realized in long real-time query.
Inventive pin shaft device has three projective table type structures, is contacted between pin shaft and tooling by boss, contact point is one
On straight line, so that load is become point type load from linear load, focus at 3 points that tooling is contacted with pin shaft, intermediate lands contact
Load is born at point, both sides boss contact point ensure that force acting on transducer position consistency as support, the geometric dimension of three boss
Property;It slots along straight line where tooling and pin shaft contact point, fiber grating is laid and is solidified in wire casing.Wherein, straight-line groove has 2
Item is axisymmetricly distributed about pin shaft center, lays 2 fiber gratings, this 2 fiber gratings are symmetrically laid, it can be achieved that difference
Formula detection, increases transducer sensitivity by 1 times, and be able to achieve temperature compensation function, passes through 1 curve between 2 straight-line grooves
Slot is connected, and curved groove lays transmission fiber, and tail optical fiber is come together in pin shaft one end, convenient for the connecting and networking of sensor.
Detection method is based on Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device, using fiber grating as sensing element, by pin shaft device stress and strain
Variation is converted into the movement of optic fiber grating wavelength;Changed using fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator table inquiry Detection wavelength, to realize pin
The detection of shaft device stress and strain.The present invention not only ensure that the stress consistency of device, increase device sensitivity, realize
Temperature compensation function, and the good in anti-interference performance of detection method, measurement stability is high, and precision is high, inferred-zero drifting problem.
Although the present invention is described in detail referring to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should manage
Solution: it is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or to part of technical characteristic into
Row equivalent replacement;And these are modified or replaceed, various embodiments of the present invention technology that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution
The spirit and scope of scheme.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device, the pin shaft device includes: first boss (1), second boss (2), third boss
(3), the first fiber grating (4), the second fiber grating (5), first straight line slot (6), curved groove (7) and second straight line slot (8),
In,
The first boss (1), second boss (2) and third boss (3), for being contacted between pin shaft and tooling;
The first straight line slot (6) and second straight line slot (8) be along first boss (1), second boss (2), third boss (3) and
Straight line where the contact point of two sides slots to be formed between tooling, for laying simultaneously curing optical fiber grating;
First fiber grating (4) and the second fiber grating (5), for converting the variation of pin shaft device stress and strain to
The offset of optic fiber grating wavelength.
2. a kind of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the curved groove (7) is for connecting
First straight line slot (6) and second straight line slot (8) are connect, and lays transmission fiber wherein.
3. a kind of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the first straight line slot (6) and
Second straight line slot (8) is axisymmetricly distributed about pin shaft center, lays the first fiber grating (4) and the second fiber grating respectively
(5)。
4. a kind of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that optical fiber light in the pin shaft device
The tail optical fiber of grid comes together in one end of pin shaft.
5. a kind of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device method for detecting stress and strain, which comprises
The variation of pin shaft device stress and strain is converted to as sensing element using fiber grating in pin shaft device is laid in
The offset of optic fiber grating wavelength;
By detection device detection fiber grating wavelength offset, closed according to the mapping between wavelength shift and pin shaft dependent variable
System realizes the real-time detection of pin shaft device stress and strain.
6. a kind of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the pin shaft device is right at 2
Stress σ suffered by the fiber grating solidification point of title1And σ1Calculation are as follows:
In formula, M is simply supported beam moment of flexure, WzFor bending resistant section coefficient, F is load, and distance of the L between two fulcrums, d is pin diameter.
7. a kind of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the pin shaft device is right at 2
Dependent variable ε suffered by the fiber grating solidification point of title1And ε2Calculation are as follows:
In formula, F is load, and distance of the L between two fulcrums, E is the elasticity modulus of pin shaft material, and d is pin diameter.
8. a kind of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the optic fiber grating wavelength it is inclined
Relationship between shifting amount Δ λ and temperature Δ T and strain Δε are as follows:
Δ λ=KtΔT+KεΔε
The wavelength shift Δ λ of 2 gratings on pin shaft1With Δ λ2, then have:
2 gratings on pin shaft may be regarded as in same temperature field, therefore, Δ T1=Δ T2, substituting into above formula then has:
Δλ1-Δλ2=2KεΔε1
In formula, KtFor temperature sensitivity coefficient, KεFor ga(u)ge factor.
9. according to any a kind of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device of claim 5,7 and 8, which is characterized in that the optical fiber light
The long offset Δ λ of lattice wave1With Δ λ2With pin shaft dependent variable ε1Between mapping relations:
In formula, F is load, and distance of the L between two fulcrums, E is the elasticity modulus of pin shaft material, and d is pin diameter, KεFor strain
Sensitivity coefficient.
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CN201910021114.7A CN109612402A (en) | 2019-01-09 | 2019-01-09 | A kind of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device and pin shaft device method for detecting stress and strain |
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CN201910021114.7A CN109612402A (en) | 2019-01-09 | 2019-01-09 | A kind of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device and pin shaft device method for detecting stress and strain |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110987137A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-04-10 | 武汉理工大学 | Mining vehicle weighing system and method based on fiber bragg grating sensor |
CN111879246A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-11-03 | 南通大学 | Tree diameter monitoring system and method based on fiber bragg grating sensor |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110987137A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-04-10 | 武汉理工大学 | Mining vehicle weighing system and method based on fiber bragg grating sensor |
CN111879246A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-11-03 | 南通大学 | Tree diameter monitoring system and method based on fiber bragg grating sensor |
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