CN109612402A - A kind of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device and pin shaft device method for detecting stress and strain - Google Patents

A kind of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device and pin shaft device method for detecting stress and strain Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109612402A
CN109612402A CN201910021114.7A CN201910021114A CN109612402A CN 109612402 A CN109612402 A CN 109612402A CN 201910021114 A CN201910021114 A CN 201910021114A CN 109612402 A CN109612402 A CN 109612402A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
pin shaft
shaft device
fiber grating
boss
optical sensor
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CN201910021114.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
薛思忆
潘建军
孙晓勇
杨硕
马婧雯
刘振华
薛家兵
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Wuhan University of Technology WUT
CRSC Research and Design Institute Group Co Ltd
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Wuhan University of Technology WUT
CRSC Research and Design Institute Group Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201910021114.7A priority Critical patent/CN109612402A/en
Publication of CN109612402A publication Critical patent/CN109612402A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/16Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
    • G01B11/165Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge by means of a grating deformed by the object
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B19/00Bolts without screw-thread; Pins, including deformable elements; Rivets
    • F16B19/02Bolts or sleeves for positioning of machine parts, e.g. notched taper pins, fitting pins, sleeves, eccentric positioning rings
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01LMEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L1/00Measuring force or stress, in general
    • G01L1/24Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet
    • G01L1/242Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet the material being an optical fibre

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device and pin shaft device method for detecting stress and strain, the pin shaft device includes: 3 boss, 2 straight-line grooves, 2 fiber gratings and 1 curved groove, it is contacted between pin shaft and tooling by boss, its contact point is point-blank, it slots along the straight line, fiber grating is laid and is solidified in wire casing, is connected between 2 straight-line grooves by 1 curved groove;The described method includes: being laid in pin shaft device using fiber grating as sensing element, it converts the variation of pin shaft device stress and strain to the movement of optic fiber grating wavelength;Wavelength change utilizes the inquiry detection of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator table.This invention ensures that the consistency of device stress, increases device sensitivity, and be able to achieve temperature compensation function;Meanwhile the good in anti-interference performance of detection method of the present invention, measurement stability is high, and precision is high, and inferred-zero drifting problem.

Description

A kind of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device and pin shaft device method for detecting stress and strain
Technical field
The present invention relates to the automatic detection field of equipment more particularly to a kind of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft devices and pin shaft device stress Strain detecting method.
Background technique
Pin shaft is a kind of standardized fastener, is widely used in the connection of mechanical structure, is the key that in mechanical structure Part and emphasis part.Pin shaft part is subjected to intellectualized reconstruction, production becomes bearing pin sensor, it is made to have both connection and perception Function detects its real-time online loaded, grasps its working condition in time, and then realize the overload protection to pin shaft, It can also be simultaneously mechanical device, the safety detection of mechanical equipment and security management services.
Mainly using electric class sensing detection technology, resistance strain gage is implanted into pin shaft for traditional bearing pin sensor, It is loaded to perceive pin shaft.Traditional resistor strain chip bearing pin sensor is widely used in engineer application, and Very positive effect is produced, however because electric class sensing element is active device, moisture-proof wetting resistance, electromagnetism interference energy Power, performance steady in a long-term show poor under the conditions of severe monitoring, when long-time is used under complicated monitoring environment, are easy The failures such as null offset occur, affect the reliability of monitoring result.
Summary of the invention
Prior art pin shaft poor anti jamming capability, precision is low, is easy to happen the defects of null offset in order to overcome, the present invention Provide a kind of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device and pin shaft device method for detecting stress and strain.
A kind of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device, the pin shaft device include: first boss, second boss, third boss, first Fiber grating, the second fiber grating, first straight line slot, curved groove and second straight line slot, wherein
The first boss, second boss and third boss, for being contacted between pin shaft and tooling;
The first straight line slot and second straight line slot are the two sides between first boss, second boss, third boss and tooling Straight line where contact point slots to be formed, for laying simultaneously curing optical fiber grating;
First fiber grating and the second fiber grating, for converting light for the variation of pin shaft device stress and strain The offset of fine grating wavelength.
Further, the curved groove is for connecting first straight line slot and second straight line slot, and the light of laying transmission wherein It is fine.
Further, the first straight line slot and second straight line slot are axisymmetricly distributed about pin shaft center, are laid respectively First fiber grating and the second fiber grating.
Further, the tail optical fiber of fiber grating comes together in one end of pin shaft in the pin shaft device.
A kind of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device method for detecting stress and strain, which comprises
The variation of pin shaft device stress and strain is turned as sensing element using fiber grating in pin shaft device is laid in Turn to the offset of optic fiber grating wavelength;
By detection device detection fiber grating wavelength offset, according to reflecting between wavelength shift and pin shaft dependent variable Relationship is penetrated, realizes the real-time detection of pin shaft device stress and strain.
Further, pin shaft device stress σ suffered by 2 symmetrical fiber grating solidification points1And σ1Calculation Are as follows:
In formula, M is simply supported beam moment of flexure, WzFor bending resistant section coefficient, F is load, and distance of the L between two fulcrums, d is pin shaft Diameter.
Further, pin shaft device dependent variable ε suffered by 2 symmetrical fiber grating solidification points1And ε2Calculating side Formula are as follows:
In formula, F is load, and distance of the L between two fulcrums, E is the elasticity modulus of pin shaft material, and d is pin diameter.
Further, the relationship between the offset Δ λ and temperature Δ T and strain Δε of the optic fiber grating wavelength are as follows:
Δ λ=KtΔT+KεΔε
The wavelength shift Δ λ of 2 gratings on pin shaft1With Δ λ2, then have:
2 gratings on pin shaft may be regarded as in same temperature field, therefore, Δ T1=Δ T2, substituting into above formula then has:
Δλ1-Δλ2=2KεΔε1
In formula, KtFor temperature sensitivity coefficient, KεFor ga(u)ge factor.
Further, which is characterized in that the optic fiber grating wavelength offset Δ λ1With Δ λ2With pin shaft dependent variable ε1Between Mapping relations:
In formula, F is load, and distance of the L between two fulcrums, E is the elasticity modulus of pin shaft material, and d is pin diameter, KεFor Ga(u)ge factor.
Inventive pin shaft device has three projective table type structures, is contacted between pin shaft and tooling by boss, contact point is one On straight line, so that load is become point type load from linear load, focus at 3 points that tooling is contacted with pin shaft, intermediate lands contact Load is born at point, both sides boss contact point ensure that force acting on transducer position consistency as support, the geometric dimension of three boss Property;It slots along straight line where tooling and pin shaft contact point, fiber grating is laid and is solidified in wire casing.Wherein, straight-line groove has 2 Item is axisymmetricly distributed about pin shaft center, lays 2 fiber gratings, this 2 fiber gratings are symmetrically laid, it can be achieved that difference Formula detection, increases transducer sensitivity by 1 times, and be able to achieve temperature compensation function, passes through 1 curve between 2 straight-line grooves Slot is connected, and curved groove lays transmission fiber, and tail optical fiber is come together in pin shaft one end, convenient for the connecting and networking of sensor. Detection method is based on Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device, using fiber grating as sensing element, by pin shaft device stress and strain Variation is converted into the movement of optic fiber grating wavelength;Changed using fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator table inquiry Detection wavelength, to realize pin The detection of shaft device stress and strain.The present invention not only ensure that the stress consistency of device, increase device sensitivity, realize Temperature compensation function, and the good in anti-interference performance of detection method, measurement stability is high, and precision is high, inferred-zero drifting problem. Other features and advantages of the present invention will be illustrated in the following description, also, partly becomes from specification aobvious and easy See, or understand through the implementation of the invention.The objectives and other advantages of the invention can by specification, claims with And pointed structure is achieved and obtained in attached drawing.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is this hair Bright some embodiments for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with root Other attached drawings are obtained according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 shows the structural schematic diagram of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 shows the cross-sectional view of the structure of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 shows the basic flow of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device stress and strain detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention Cheng Tu;
Fig. 4 shows the force analysis figure of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In figure: 1 first boss, 2 second boss, 3 third boss, 4 first fiber gratings, 5 second fiber gratings, 6 first Straight-line groove, 7 curved grooves, 8 second straight line slots.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention In attached drawing, technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention clearly and completely illustrated, it is clear that described embodiment is A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art Every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows the structural schematic diagram of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown, pin shaft Device includes: first boss 1, second boss 2, third boss 3, the first fiber grating 4, the second fiber grating 5, first straight line slot 6, curved groove 7, second straight line slot 8, the first fiber grating 4 and the second fiber grating 5 are laid in first straight line slot 6 and second respectively In straight-line groove 8, the solidification center of the first fiber grating 4 and the second fiber grating 5 is overlapped with second boss 2.Pin shaft device makes pin It is contacted between axis and tooling by three boss, contact point point-blank, is slotted along the straight line, and fiber grating lays and solidifies In the wire casing.Three projective table type structures of device make load become point type load from linear load, focus on tooling and pin shaft device At 3 points that first boss 1, second boss 2 and third boss 3 contact, load is born at the contact point of second boss 2, first is convex The contact point of platform 1 and third boss 3 ensure that force acting on transducer location consistency as support, the geometric dimension of three boss.
Fig. 2 shows the cross-sectional view of the structure of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown, pin shaft It is upper to have 2 for fiber grating laying straight-line groove, lay 2 fiber gratings;Substantially symmetrical about its central axis point about pin shaft of 2 wire casings Cloth is connected by 1 curved groove, and transmission fiber is laid among curved groove, and the tail optical fiber of fiber grating comes together in the one of pin shaft End.The symmetrical laying of fiber grating realizes differential type detection, increases transducer sensitivity by 1 times, and realize temperature Compensation function, tail optical fiber collect the connecting and networking for being also convenient for sensor.
On the basis of above-mentioned pin shaft device, the embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device stress to answer Become detection method, which comprises pin shaft is filled as sensing element first with fiber grating in pin shaft device is laid in The variation for setting stress and strain is converted into the offset of optic fiber grating wavelength;It is deviated again by detection device detection fiber grating wavelength Amount, according to the mapping relations between wavelength shift and pin shaft dependent variable, to realize the real-time of pin shaft device stress and strain Detection.Fig. 3 shows the basic procedure of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device stress and strain detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure.Wherein, stress refer to pin shaft device due to external cause, such as: stress, humidity, change of temperature field etc. and when deforming, filled in pin shaft The internal force for generating interaction between interior each section is set, to resist the effect of this external cause, and attempts to make pin shaft device from deformation Position afterwards is restored to the position before deformation;Strain refers to because external force makes pin shaft device size or shape that opposite variation occur The phenomenon that.
Fig. 4 shows the force analysis figure of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown, in pin The first fiber grating 4 and the second fiber grating 5, two optical fiber are laid on first straight line slot 6 and second straight line slot 8 in shaft device The solidification point of grating is symmetric points, and in the pin shaft course of work, stress intensity suffered by the two symmetric points is identical, contrary, Detection method as shown in connection with fig. 3, stress σ suffered by 2 symmetrical fiber grating solidification points1And σ1Calculation are as follows:
In formula, M is simply supported beam moment of flexure, WzFor bending resistant section coefficient, F is load, and distance of the L between two fulcrums, d is pin shaft Diameter.
What foundation above formula (1), fiber grating 1 and fiber grating 2 generated respectively in 2 symmetrical fiber grating solidification points Dependent variable ε1And ε2Are as follows:
In formula, F is load, and distance of the L between two fulcrums, E is the elasticity modulus of pin shaft material, and d is pin diameter.
Fiber grating pair temperature and strain are sensitive simultaneously, and enabling its temperature sensitivity coefficient is Kt, ga(u)ge factor be Kε, then have the relationship between optic fiber grating wavelength offset Δ λ and temperature Δ T and strain Δε are as follows:
Δ λ=KtΔT+KεΔε (3)
Enable the wavelength shift Δ λ of 2 gratings on pin shaft1With Δ λ2, then have:
Since 2 gratings on pin shaft may be regarded as in same temperature field, Δ T1=Δ T2, substitute into above formula then Have:
Δλ1-Δλ2=2KεΔε1 (5)
The mapping relations that wavelength change Δ λ Yu pin shaft dependent variable Δ ε can be established using formula (2) and formula (5), by wave The load real time on-line monitoring of pin shaft stress and strain can be realized in long real-time query.
Inventive pin shaft device has three projective table type structures, is contacted between pin shaft and tooling by boss, contact point is one On straight line, so that load is become point type load from linear load, focus at 3 points that tooling is contacted with pin shaft, intermediate lands contact Load is born at point, both sides boss contact point ensure that force acting on transducer position consistency as support, the geometric dimension of three boss Property;It slots along straight line where tooling and pin shaft contact point, fiber grating is laid and is solidified in wire casing.Wherein, straight-line groove has 2 Item is axisymmetricly distributed about pin shaft center, lays 2 fiber gratings, this 2 fiber gratings are symmetrically laid, it can be achieved that difference Formula detection, increases transducer sensitivity by 1 times, and be able to achieve temperature compensation function, passes through 1 curve between 2 straight-line grooves Slot is connected, and curved groove lays transmission fiber, and tail optical fiber is come together in pin shaft one end, convenient for the connecting and networking of sensor. Detection method is based on Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device, using fiber grating as sensing element, by pin shaft device stress and strain Variation is converted into the movement of optic fiber grating wavelength;Changed using fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator table inquiry Detection wavelength, to realize pin The detection of shaft device stress and strain.The present invention not only ensure that the stress consistency of device, increase device sensitivity, realize Temperature compensation function, and the good in anti-interference performance of detection method, measurement stability is high, and precision is high, inferred-zero drifting problem.
Although the present invention is described in detail referring to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should manage Solution: it is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or to part of technical characteristic into Row equivalent replacement;And these are modified or replaceed, various embodiments of the present invention technology that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution The spirit and scope of scheme.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device, the pin shaft device includes: first boss (1), second boss (2), third boss (3), the first fiber grating (4), the second fiber grating (5), first straight line slot (6), curved groove (7) and second straight line slot (8), In,
The first boss (1), second boss (2) and third boss (3), for being contacted between pin shaft and tooling;
The first straight line slot (6) and second straight line slot (8) be along first boss (1), second boss (2), third boss (3) and Straight line where the contact point of two sides slots to be formed between tooling, for laying simultaneously curing optical fiber grating;
First fiber grating (4) and the second fiber grating (5), for converting the variation of pin shaft device stress and strain to The offset of optic fiber grating wavelength.
2. a kind of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the curved groove (7) is for connecting First straight line slot (6) and second straight line slot (8) are connect, and lays transmission fiber wherein.
3. a kind of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the first straight line slot (6) and Second straight line slot (8) is axisymmetricly distributed about pin shaft center, lays the first fiber grating (4) and the second fiber grating respectively (5)。
4. a kind of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that optical fiber light in the pin shaft device The tail optical fiber of grid comes together in one end of pin shaft.
5. a kind of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device method for detecting stress and strain, which comprises
The variation of pin shaft device stress and strain is converted to as sensing element using fiber grating in pin shaft device is laid in The offset of optic fiber grating wavelength;
By detection device detection fiber grating wavelength offset, closed according to the mapping between wavelength shift and pin shaft dependent variable System realizes the real-time detection of pin shaft device stress and strain.
6. a kind of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the pin shaft device is right at 2 Stress σ suffered by the fiber grating solidification point of title1And σ1Calculation are as follows:
In formula, M is simply supported beam moment of flexure, WzFor bending resistant section coefficient, F is load, and distance of the L between two fulcrums, d is pin diameter.
7. a kind of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the pin shaft device is right at 2 Dependent variable ε suffered by the fiber grating solidification point of title1And ε2Calculation are as follows:
In formula, F is load, and distance of the L between two fulcrums, E is the elasticity modulus of pin shaft material, and d is pin diameter.
8. a kind of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the optic fiber grating wavelength it is inclined Relationship between shifting amount Δ λ and temperature Δ T and strain Δε are as follows:
Δ λ=KtΔT+KεΔε
The wavelength shift Δ λ of 2 gratings on pin shaft1With Δ λ2, then have:
2 gratings on pin shaft may be regarded as in same temperature field, therefore, Δ T1=Δ T2, substituting into above formula then has:
Δλ1-Δλ2=2KεΔε1
In formula, KtFor temperature sensitivity coefficient, KεFor ga(u)ge factor.
9. according to any a kind of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device of claim 5,7 and 8, which is characterized in that the optical fiber light The long offset Δ λ of lattice wave1With Δ λ2With pin shaft dependent variable ε1Between mapping relations:
In formula, F is load, and distance of the L between two fulcrums, E is the elasticity modulus of pin shaft material, and d is pin diameter, KεFor strain Sensitivity coefficient.
CN201910021114.7A 2019-01-09 2019-01-09 A kind of Fibre Optical Sensor pin shaft device and pin shaft device method for detecting stress and strain Pending CN109612402A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110987137A (en) * 2019-12-13 2020-04-10 武汉理工大学 Mining vehicle weighing system and method based on fiber bragg grating sensor
CN111879246A (en) * 2020-07-31 2020-11-03 南通大学 Tree diameter monitoring system and method based on fiber bragg grating sensor

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JPS5740623A (en) * 1980-08-25 1982-03-06 Japanese National Railways<Jnr> Connection pin type axial force detector for railway diverging junction
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JPS5740623A (en) * 1980-08-25 1982-03-06 Japanese National Railways<Jnr> Connection pin type axial force detector for railway diverging junction
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110987137A (en) * 2019-12-13 2020-04-10 武汉理工大学 Mining vehicle weighing system and method based on fiber bragg grating sensor
CN111879246A (en) * 2020-07-31 2020-11-03 南通大学 Tree diameter monitoring system and method based on fiber bragg grating sensor

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