CN103451366B - A kind ofly add calcium method for steel liquid deoxidation Calcium treatment - Google Patents
A kind ofly add calcium method for steel liquid deoxidation Calcium treatment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to steel-making furnace outer refining technology, be specifically related to a kind ofly add calcium method for steel liquid deoxidation Calcium treatment, the calcium heart yearn that calcium method adopts composite structure is added described in it is characterized in that, described calcium heart yearn is made up of calcium core, middle layer and surrounding layer, described surrounding layer is coated on middle layer outside surface, middle layer is coated on calcium core outer surface, and described calcium core diameter is 6 ~ 8mm; The height of incidence of described calcium heart yearn is apart from 38 ~ 42cm directly over described molten steel ladle liquid level, and its input angle is be the angle of 53 ° ~ 57 ° with described molten steel ladle liquid level.Advantage of the present invention is, expulsion problem when adopting the calcium heart yearn of composite structure effectively can solve molten steel Calcium treatment, line feeding success ratio simultaneously by adopting best feeding speed, height of incidence and incident angle to improve calcium heart yearn, improves the recovery rate of calcium metal.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to steel-making furnace outer refining technology, be specifically related to a kind ofly add calcium method for steel liquid deoxidation Calcium treatment.
Background technology
Calcium treatment is a kind of liquid steel refining means that 20 century 70s grow up, in history, once had and directly added calcium alloy, the methods such as calcium alloy of jetting in molten steel in ladle, but because the reasons such as treatment effect instability or high cost are gradually eliminated, what apply now is that calcium line method fed by ladle.It is that calcium alloy (Ca, Ca-Si, Ca-Fe etc.) sheetmetal parcel is made cored-wire, by the guide wire of wire feeder, it is inserted molten steel with very high speed.Feed simultaneously with stirring of inert gas in silk process, to increase the residence time of Ca in molten steel and to carry out good mixing.This method is widely applied and achieves howling success in global iron and steel enterprise.The main treatment effect that calcium line fed by ladle is:
(1) reduce O, S content in molten steel, the mobility of molten steel in molten steel, can be improved simultaneously containing a certain amount of calcium.
(2) oxide inclusion in molten steel does not form string tufted and changes into homodisperse containing Ca oxide inclusion, thus reduces inclusion size, can not be out of shape when Steel Rolling.Improve molten steel cleanness.
(3) in Al killed steel, Ca is added easily Al
2o
3be mingled with liquefy calcium-aluminate, be convenient to its and be polymerized floating of growing up, improve molten steel cleanness, thus prevention of immersed nozzle clogging.
But due to the fusing point of calcium metal low (845 DEG C), boiling point low (1450 DEG C), in molten steel, very easily gasification floats to slag on the surface, vigorous reaction is produced with the oxide compound in the oxygen in air and slag liquid, so need cored-wire to be fed into molten steel innermost when feeding calcium line as far as possible, utilize the static pressure of molten steel, prevent calcium metal Quick-gasifying, thus extend calcium metal residence time in molten steel, reach effect molten steel being carried out to Calcium treatment.
The calcic of existing several types or the cored-wire of calcium alloy still have lower column defects: (1) siliceous low calcium alloy cored-wire, such as CaSi cored-wire: not only cause molten steel to increase silicon when its shortcoming is and carries out Calcium treatment in external refining process, and processing cost is high, is not therefore suitable for low Si steel grade and carries out Calcium treatment.(2) containing calcium silicon grain, abrasive grit, calcium grain mixture cored-wire, such as Fe+Ca powder cored-wire: its shortcoming is that granulated metal calcium specific surface area is large, easily oxidized.In addition, under refining temperature, when after surrounding layer fusing, exposed calcium metal Quick-gasifying, easily causes slag liquid level fierceness seethe and splash, not only the recovery rate of the calcium low recovery rate of the calcium (only 8%-12%), also can cause molten steel nitrogen pick-up and produce unsafe factor.(3) containing pure calcium filement core thread, such as calcium filament diameter 7.5 millimeters, thickness of scale 0.55 millimeter of cored-wire: although its shortcoming be calcium recovery rate comparatively first two greatly improve, but in molten steel Calcium treatment process, not only slag splash is serious, also can cause molten steel meeting nitrogen pick-up 5-8PPM and seriously jeopardize steel mill's production safety.
Line feeding method is one of important factor affecting calcium recovery rate, and alloy all can be released to the top of molten steel by wire-feeding velocity too soon or too slowly, thus reduces and even destroy treating processes; The optimum velocity of line feeding can make the crust of cored-wire near the bottom of ladle, start fusing, thus the calcium core it wrapped up is released to this place, reaches and makes calcium core in processed molten steel, have the longest stop effect of melt (or the with) time.
In existing wire-feeding technique, what be usually similar to by best wire-feeding velocity is reduced to the function relevant with molten steel height in ladle, i.e. V=KH, in formula, V is best wire-feeding velocity, H is the real depth of molten steel, K is speed correction constant, and also namely best wire-feeding velocity is only the function of the molten steel degree of depth in ladle.The wire-feeding velocity of gained obviously estimates roughly thus, is not best wire-feeding velocity, and the utilization ratio of its calcium metal does not reach best.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is according to above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art part, there is provided a kind of and add calcium method for steel liquid deoxidation Calcium treatment, this adds the calcium heart yearn that calcium method have employed composite structure, by arranging the best height of incidence of calcium heart yearn, incident angle and calcium core diameter and core skin thickness guarantee the success of Calcium treatment process, go out best wire-feeding velocity according to formulae discovery to feed simultaneously, reach cored core skin near the bottom of ladle, start fusing, thus the calcium core it wrapped up is released to this place, make calcium in molten steel, have the longest stop effect of melt (or the with) time, to obtain the highest utilization ratio of calcium.
The object of the invention realizes being completed by following technical scheme:
A kind ofly add calcium method for steel liquid deoxidation Calcium treatment, relate to the molten steel in ladle, the calcium heart yearn that calcium method adopts composite structure is added described in it is characterized in that, described calcium heart yearn is made up of calcium core, middle layer and surrounding layer, described surrounding layer is coated on middle layer outside surface, middle layer is coated on calcium core outer surface, and described calcium core diameter is 6 ~ 8mm; The height of incidence of described calcium heart yearn is apart from 38 ~ 42cm directly over described molten steel ladle liquid level, and its input angle is be the angle of 53 ° ~ 57 ° with described molten steel ladle liquid level.
When described calcium core diameter is 6.3 ~ 6.4mm, the height of incidence of described calcium heart yearn is apart from 40 ~ 40.5cm directly over described molten steel ladle liquid level, and its input angle is be the angle of 55 ° ~ 55.3 ° with described molten steel ladle liquid level.
Described middle layer is the approximate circle column of hollow cylindrical or hollow, and described cylindric or approximate columned cylinder has axially open.
Described opening is close contact shape.
Described middle layer can be pulverulent material loading layers.
Described intermediate layer thickness is 0.2 ~ 1.5mm.
Described pulverulent material loading layers is following material: one or more the mixture in ferrosilicon powder, iron powder, aluminium powder (aluminium skin), silicon calcium powder, rare earth, calcium aluminate powder etc.
Described calcium core diameter is determined by the internal diameter size of ladle, and ladle internal diameter larger calcium core diameter is larger, and minimum diameter is 6mm, and maximum diameter is 8mm.
The degree of depth of described molten steel ladle is 1.2 ~ 1.3 times of described ladle internal diameter.
Describedly add calcium method, the feeding speed of its calcium heart yearn is:
;
In formula, V is theoretical wire-feeding velocity, and h is the molten steel ladle degree of depth, and A is speed correction factor (relevant with core skin fusing time, incident angle), and b is core skin total thickness, and D is calcium core line diameter.
Advantage of the present invention is,
(1) due to the existence in middle layer, can according to the size of ladle, the situation of smelting steel grade, the thickness of adjustment calcium core diameter, outer adhesion layer and related component, when strengthening adhesion layer thickness outside calcium core, still can ensure that calcium heart yearn has suitable suppleness, thus ensure that cored-wire can be fed near the bottom of ladle smoothly, increase the static pressure suffered by calcium metal, extend the action time of calcium metal, improve the utilization ratio of calcium metal; Meanwhile, as the pulverulent fillers in middle layer, owing to there is a lot of microcosmic pore between these powder-materials, slow down the transmission of heat, reduce the gasification phenomenon of metal calcium core, thus improve the recovery rate of calcium metal;
(2) success ratio when reasonably height of incidence and incident angle substantially increase the line feeding of calcium heart yearn, avoids the problem that the too high and calcium heart yearn caused by incident angle deviation of height of incidence cannot go deep into bottom molten steel;
(3) by the best feeding speed of calcium heart yearn that formula calculates, the skin of calcium heart yearn can be made to start to melt near the bottom of ladle; The best feeding speed of calcium heart yearn is by calculation of parameter such as calcium core line diameter, core skin total thickness, the molten steel degree of depth, under this kind of feeding speed, calcium heart yearn effectively can be avoided to melt too early or upwards flexing phenomenon and the problem cannot goed deep into bottom molten steel occur in feeding process;
(4) substantially increase utilization ratio and the rate of recovery of calcium metal in liquid steel refining Calcium treatment process, thoroughly solve slag splash and molten steel nitrogen pick-up problem.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 adds calcium method schematic diagram in the present invention;
The schematic diagram that when Fig. 2 is calcium heart yearn feeding molten steel, height of incidence is higher;
The schematic diagram that when Fig. 3 is calcium heart yearn feeding molten steel, incident angle is not right.
Embodiment
Feature of the present invention and other correlated characteristic are described in further detail by embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, so that the understanding of technician of the same trade:
As marked 1-4 in Fig. 1-3, figure, being respectively: calcium heart yearn 1, guide wire 2, ladle 3, molten steel 4;
Wherein c is height of incidence, α is incident angle.
As shown in Figure 1, be specifically related in the following example a kind ofly add calcium method for steel liquid deoxidation Calcium treatment, this adds the calcium heart yearn 1 that calcium method adopts composite structure, by the guide wire 2 of wire feeder calcium heart yearn 1 inserted the molten steel 4 in ladle 3 afterwards with the wire-feeding velocity of the best, wherein the mouth of pipe (i.e. the height of incidence c of calcium heart yearn 1) of guide wire 2 is apart from the molten steel 4 liquid level 38 ~ 42cm in ladle 3, and the incident angle α of calcium heart yearn 1 is be the angle of 53 ° ~ 57 ° with molten steel 4 liquid level in ladle 3.
Calcium heart yearn 1 adopts composite structure, is specifically made up of calcium core, middle layer and surrounding layer, and surrounding layer is coated on middle layer outside surface, and middle layer is coated on calcium core outer surface; Wherein the diameter of calcium core is 6 ~ 8mm, intermediate layer thickness is 0.2 ~ 1.5mm, middle layer is the approximate circle column of hollow cylindrical or hollow, and this cylindric or approximate columned cylinder has axially open, this opening is close contact shape, the both sides that close contact shape alleged herein refers to opening can not occur overlapping phenomenon, must in the attitude docking or be similar to docking, and slit therebetween is generally not more than 0.5mm; Pulverulent material loading layers can be provided with between middle layer and surrounding layer, this pulverulent material loading layers is following material: one or more the mixture in ferrosilicon powder, iron powder, aluminium powder, silicon calcium powder, rare earth, calcium aluminate etc., the powder of filling unlike material mainly considers to have the modified effect of certain alloy by the needs of different steel grade simultaneously.
The diameter of calcium core is determined by the internal diameter size of ladle 3, and ladle 3 internal diameter larger calcium core diameter is larger, and minimum diameter is 6mm, and maximum diameter is 8mm; In ladle 3, the degree of depth of molten steel 4 is 1.2 ~ 1.3 times of ladle 3 internal diameter, namely allows the static pressure of molten steel be greater than the vapour pressure of calcium metal, avoids calcium metal to gasify.
In addition the calculation formula of the best feeding speed of calcium heart yearn is:
;
In formula, V is theoretical wire-feeding velocity, and h is the ladle molten steel degree of depth, and A is speed correction factor (relevant with core skin fusing time, incident angle), and b is core skin total thickness, and D is calcium core line diameter.
Embodiment one: the comprehensive parameters in the present embodiment when the specifications parameter of composite structure calcium heart yearn and line feeding is as follows:
(1) the diameter D of the present embodiment composite structure calcium heart yearn is 9mm;
(2) surrounding layer: the thick 0.5mm of steel band;
(3) middle layer: the thick 0.8mm of steel band;
(4) calcium core diameter: 6.4mm;
(5) ladle internal diameter: 3010mm, the molten steel degree of depth: 3700mm;
(6) the incident angle α of calcium heart yearn is 53 °, and feeding speed is 3m/s.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, when being fed by calcium heart yearn 1 in the molten steel 4 in ladle 3, outside the height of incidence c difference of deliming heart yearn 1, all the other each parameters are all identical; Result of use is as shown in the table:
| Calcium heart yearn height of incidence c(CM) | 25 | 30 | 38 | 40 | 42 | 50 | 55 |
| Calcium recovery rate (%) | 23.5 | 26.3 | 34.3 | 35.0 | 33.6 | 26.8 | 21.7 |
Can see from the result the present embodiment, when calcium heart yearn 1 feeds in molten steel 4, when height of incidence c is arranged on below 38cm or more than 42cm, there will be that calcium metal recovery rate is lower even occurs that calcium heart yearn 1 successfully cannot insert the situation (as shown in Figure 2) bottom molten steel 4; And when height of incidence c is controlled in 38 ~ 42cm, calcium heart yearn 1 successfully can insert the bottom (as shown in Figure 1) of molten steel 4, obtains higher calcium metal recovery rate, especially when the height of incidence c of calcium heart yearn 1 is 40cm, its calcium metal recovery rate is the highest, can reach 35%.
Embodiment two: the comprehensive parameters in the present embodiment when the specifications parameter of composite structure calcium heart yearn and line feeding is as follows:
(1) the diameter D of the present embodiment composite structure calcium heart yearn is 9mm;
(2) surrounding layer: the thick 0.5mm of steel band;
(3) middle layer: the thick 0.8mm of steel band;
(4) calcium core diameter: 6.4mm;
(5) ladle internal diameter: 3010mm, the molten steel degree of depth: 3700mm;
(6) height of incidence of calcium heart yearn is 40cm, and feeding speed is 3m/s.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, when being fed by calcium heart yearn 1 in the molten steel 4 in ladle 3, outside the incident angle α difference of deliming heart yearn 1, all the other each parameters are all identical; Result of use is as shown in the table:
| Calcium heart yearn incident angle α | 35 | 40 | 45 | 53 | 55 | 57 | 65 | 70 |
| Calcium recovery rate (%) | 21.5 | 26.1 | 27.9 | 35.0 | 35.8 | 34.6 | 30.8 | 27.9 |
Can see from the result the present embodiment, when calcium heart yearn 1 feeds in molten steel 4, when being arranged on by incident angle α outside 53 ° ~ 57 °, there will be that calcium metal recovery rate is lower even occurs that calcium heart yearn 1 successfully cannot insert the situation (as shown in Figure 3) bottom molten steel 4; And when incident angle α is controlled in 53 ° ~ 57 °, calcium heart yearn 1 successfully can insert the bottom (as shown in Figure 1) of molten steel 4, obtains higher calcium metal recovery rate, especially when the incident angle of calcium heart yearn 1 is 55 °, its calcium metal recovery rate is the highest, can reach 35.8%.
Embodiment three: the test that the present embodiment will carry out two batches, the comprehensive parameters in first batch when the specifications parameter of composite structure calcium heart yearn and line feeding is as follows:
(1) the diameter D of this batch of composite structure calcium heart yearn is 8.9mm;
(2) surrounding layer: the thick 0.5mm of steel band;
(3) middle layer: the thick 0.8mm of steel band;
(4) calcium core diameter: 6.3mm;
(5) ladle internal diameter: 3400mm, the molten steel degree of depth is: 4250mm;
(6) the height of incidence c of calcium heart yearn is 40cm, and incident angle α is 55 °.
Comprehensive parameters in second batch when the specifications parameter of composite structure calcium heart yearn and line feeding is as follows:
(1) the diameter D of this batch of composite structure calcium heart yearn is 10.1mm;
(2) surrounding layer: the thick 0.55mm of steel band;
(3) middle layer: the thick 1mm of steel band;
(4) calcium core diameter: 7.0mm;
(5) ladle internal diameter: 3400mm, the molten steel degree of depth: 4250mm;
(6) the height of incidence c of calcium heart yearn is 40cm, and incident angle α is 55 °.
In order to contrast the best wire-feeding velocity calculation formula and best wire-feeding velocity calculation formula used in the prior art that adopt in the present invention, i.e. formula
be wire-feeding velocity with V in formula V=KH(formula, H is the real depth of molten steel, and K is speed correction constant) between contrast, respectively line feeding test is carried out to the calcium heart yearn of above two batches, in each batch except wire-feeding velocity difference, all the other each parameters are all identical; Result of use is as shown in the table:
| Project | By the speed (m/s) that V=KH calculates | Calcium recovery rate (%) | Press The speed (m/s) calculated | Calcium recovery rate (%) |
| First batch | 4.186 | 28.9 | 3.2 | 35.9 |
| Second batch | 4.186 | 23.3 | 6.1 | 29.8 |
From the present embodiment, the result of first batch can be seen, the best wire-feeding velocity using the formula in the present invention to calculate can obtain higher calcium metal recovery rate, because it has considered the parameters in line feeding process, comprise core skin thickness, calcium core line diameter, core skin fusing time, incident angle, height of incidence, the molten steel degree of depth etc., therefore the best wire-feeding velocity that the best wire-feeding velocity drawn by this formulae discovery calculates compared to formula V=KH is more accurate, can obtain higher calcium metal recovery rate.This conclusion can be verified equally from the result of second batch.
Embodiment four: the test that the present embodiment will carry out two batches, the comprehensive parameters in first batch when the specifications parameter of composite structure calcium heart yearn and line feeding is as follows:
(1) the diameter D of this batch of composite structure calcium heart yearn is 8.9mm;
(6) surrounding layer: the thick 0.5mm of steel band;
(7) middle layer: the thick 0.8mm of steel band;
(8) calcium core diameter: 6.3mm;
(9) ladle internal diameter: 3400mm, the molten steel degree of depth is: 4250mm;
(6) feeding speed of calcium heart yearn is 3m/s.
Comprehensive parameters in second batch when the specifications parameter of composite structure calcium heart yearn and line feeding is as follows:
(1) the diameter D of this batch of composite structure calcium heart yearn is 9.9mm;
(2) surrounding layer: the thick 0.5mm of steel band;
(3) middle layer: the thick 0.8mm of steel band;
(4) calcium core diameter: 7.3mm;
(5) ladle internal diameter: 3400mm, the molten steel degree of depth: 4250mm;
(6) feeding speed of calcium heart yearn is 3m/s.
In order to determine calcium core diameter and the relation between its height of incidence and incident angle, we have carried out line feeding test for calcium core diameter at the composite structure calcium heart yearn of two batches in 6 ~ 8mm interval, each batch when testing, all guarantee its feeding speed, ladle internal diameter and the molten steel degree of depth is identical, make change to its height of incidence and incident angle, test-results is as shown in the table:
| Calcium heart yearn height of incidence c(CM) | 38 | 38 | 38 | 39 | 39 | 39 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 41 | 41 | 41 | 42 | 42 | 42 |
| Calcium heart yearn incident angle α | 53 | 55 | 57 | 53 | 55 | 57 | 53 | 55 | 57 | 53 | 55 | 57 | 53 | 55 | 57 |
| First batch of calcium recovery rate (%) | 33.9 | 34.5 | 34.3 | 34.3 | 34.6 | 35.1 | 34.7 | 35.9 | 34.3 | 34.2 | 34.7 | 35.1 | 33.8 | 34.7 | 34.1 |
| Second batch of calcium recovery rate (%) | 33.3 | 34.2 | 34.7 | 33.8 | 34.6 | 34.5 | 34.1 | 34.6 | 34.9 | 34.8 | 35.6 | 34.7 | 34.3 | 34.0 | 33.8 |
From the present embodiment, the result of first batch can be seen, when calcium core diameter is 6.3mm, if its height of incidence is set to 40cm, incident angle is when being set to 55 °, can obtain the highest calcium metal recovery rate; From the present embodiment, the result of second batch can be seen, when calcium core diameter is 7.3mm, if its height of incidence is set to 41cm, incident angle is when being set to 55 °, can obtain the highest calcium metal recovery rate.
The data of comprehensive first batch and second batch, can find, when calcium core diameter is in 6 ~ 8mm interval, along with the increase of calcium core diameter, for obtaining the highest calcium metal recovery rate, the best height of incidence of line feeding and optimal incident angle in fact also increase thereupon, all proportional with the calcium core diameter relation of the height of incidence of composite structure calcium heart yearn and incident angle.Visible, there is impact for height of incidence during its line feeding and incident angle in calcium core diameter.
Claims (10)
1. one kind adds calcium method for steel liquid deoxidation Calcium treatment, relate to the molten steel in ladle, the calcium heart yearn that calcium method adopts composite structure is added described in it is characterized in that, described calcium heart yearn is made up of calcium core, middle layer and surrounding layer, described surrounding layer is coated on middle layer outside surface, middle layer is coated on calcium core outer surface, and described calcium core diameter is 6 ~ 8mm; The height of incidence of described calcium heart yearn is apart from 38 ~ 42cm directly over described molten steel ladle liquid level, and its input angle is be the angle of 53 ° ~ 57 ° with described molten steel ladle liquid level.
2. according to claim 1ly a kind ofly add calcium method for steel liquid deoxidation Calcium treatment, it is characterized in that, when described calcium core diameter is 6.3 ~ 6.4mm, the height of incidence of described calcium heart yearn is apart from 40 ~ 40.5cm directly over described molten steel ladle liquid level, and its input angle is be the angle of 55 ° ~ 55.3 ° with described molten steel ladle liquid level.
3. according to claim 1ly a kind ofly add calcium method for steel liquid deoxidation Calcium treatment, it is characterized in that, described middle layer is the approximate circle column of hollow cylindrical or hollow, and described cylindric or approximate columned cylinder has axially open.
4. according to claim 3ly a kind ofly add calcium method for steel liquid deoxidation Calcium treatment, it is characterized in that, described opening is close contact shape.
5. according to claim 1ly a kind ofly add calcium method for steel liquid deoxidation Calcium treatment, it is characterized in that, described middle layer is pulverulent material loading layers.
6. a kind of according to claim 1,3 or 5 adds calcium method for steel liquid deoxidation Calcium treatment, and it is characterized in that, described intermediate layer thickness is 0.2 ~ 1.5mm.
7. according to claim 5ly a kind ofly add calcium method for steel liquid deoxidation Calcium treatment, it is characterized in that, described pulverulent material loading layers is following material: one or more the mixture in ferrosilicon powder, iron powder, aluminium powder or aluminium skin, silicon calcium powder, rare earth, calcium aluminate powder.
8. according to claim 1ly a kind ofly add calcium method for steel liquid deoxidation Calcium treatment, it is characterized in that, described calcium core diameter is determined by the internal diameter size of ladle, and ladle internal diameter larger calcium core diameter is larger, and minimum diameter is 6mm, and maximum diameter is 8mm.
9. according to claim 1ly a kind ofly add calcium method for steel liquid deoxidation Calcium treatment, it is characterized in that, the degree of depth of described molten steel ladle is 1.2 ~ 1.3 times of described ladle internal diameter.
10. according to claim 1ly a kind ofly add calcium method for steel liquid deoxidation Calcium treatment, it is characterized in that, described in add calcium method, the feeding speed of its calcium heart yearn is:
;
In formula, V is theoretical wire-feeding velocity, and h is the molten steel ladle degree of depth, and A is speed correction factor, and this coefficient and core skin fusing time, incident angle are relevant, and b is core skin total thickness, and D is calcium core line diameter.
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| CN201320550788.4U Expired - Lifetime CN204174226U (en) | 2012-09-10 | 2013-09-06 | A kind of calcium heart yearn of multilayered structure |
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| CN109234492A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-01-18 | 辽宁科技学院 | A kind of calcium line splash inhibitor and calcium core-spun yarn and preparation method thereof |
| CN111139336A (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2020-05-12 | 五矿营口中板有限责任公司 | Deoxidized alloy cored wire for improving welding performance of steel and manufacturing method thereof |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN103451365A (en) | 2013-12-18 |
| CN204174226U (en) | 2015-02-25 |
| CN103451365B (en) | 2016-01-27 |
| CN103451366A (en) | 2013-12-18 |
| CN102851446A (en) | 2013-01-02 |
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