CN103447377B - The Thermal expansion manufacturing process of stainless steel rectangular cross sectional annular part - Google Patents

The Thermal expansion manufacturing process of stainless steel rectangular cross sectional annular part Download PDF

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CN103447377B
CN103447377B CN201310388659.4A CN201310388659A CN103447377B CN 103447377 B CN103447377 B CN 103447377B CN 201310388659 A CN201310388659 A CN 201310388659A CN 103447377 B CN103447377 B CN 103447377B
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bulging
annular part
square
expanding machine
section
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CN103447377A (en
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宋捷
吴永安
陈学洪
项春花
张园园
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GUIZHOU AVIATION TECHNICAL DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd
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GUIZHOU AVIATION TECHNICAL DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of Thermal expansion manufacturing process of stainless steel rectangular cross sectional annular part, the die sleeve of preheating is the steps include: to be fixed on the workbench of shape expanding machine, the bulging block again the stainless steel rectangular cross sectional annular part of heating is sleeved on through preheating in shape expanding machine is peripheral, in the annular space making it be in be surrounded by the outer circumference surface of bulging block and the inner ring surface of die sleeve; Start shape expanding machine to make bulging block radially extrude this annular element from the inner circumferential surface of this annular element and be out of shape after 10% ~ 13% to be extruded in the inner ring surface of die sleeve, be filled with the near closed hollow ring surrounded by the outer circumference surface of bulging block and the inner ring surface of die sleeve, after pressurize, become the annular part of the square-section after bulging.The method adopts an aximal deformation value expansion forming, simplifies operation, obtains the bulging square-section annular part that dimensional accuracy is high, good product quality, productivity ratio are high.The square-section annular part of this bulging is mainly used in the revolving body parts such as the barrel-type casing of the field uses such as Aero-Space.

Description

The Thermal expansion manufacturing process of stainless steel rectangular cross sectional annular part
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of expanding method of ring, particularly relate to the Thermal expansion manufacturing process of stainless steel rectangular cross sectional annular part.
Background technology
In annular element forming technique field, along with the development of the industries such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, boats and ships, nuclear energy, gas turbine, wind-power electricity generation is to the requirement of annular element high reliability, high life and low cost, it is also proposed higher requirement to the forming dimension precision of annular element, Microstructure and properties, annular element is shaped towards the future development of high-quality, precision, efficient, environmental protection, low cost.
After stainless steel rectangular cross sectional annular part (referring to that longitudinal section is the annular element of square-section) adopts looping mill rolling, due to the impact by rolling mill practice and equipment limitation, its dimensional accuracy is general not high; Only when toroid shape is more satisfactory and equipment performance is more excellent, its dimensional accuracy just can reach 3 ‰ ~ 5 ‰ (5/3000 to thousand/1000ths) of corresponding size, and annular element after rolling due to stress comparatively large, if control bad easy generation warpage, the distortion even defect such as cracking in subsequent processing operations.
Chinese invention patent description CN102489616A disclosed in 13 days June in 2012 discloses a kind of Thermal expansion method of stainless steel rectangular looping mill rolling part, and described straight-flanked ring rolled piece is square-section annular part.The method puts into shape expanding machine the stainless steel rectangular looping mill rolling part of heating, by applying axial tension to the mandrel slide block of shape expanding machine and make it move down vertically and endoporus conical surface extruding radial slide block along described radial slider making the radially synchronizing moving diffusion of each radial slider, be contained in the bulging block on radial slider outer circumference surface radially to extrude straight-flanked ring rolled piece from the inner circumferential surface of straight-flanked ring rolled piece and make it that dimension of inner and outer diameters occur to expand and the plastic deformation of wall thickness reduction, through continuous three small deformations, described stainless steel rectangular looping mill rolling part is by expansion forming.The method adopts open bulging mode to carry out bulging square-section annular part by continuous three small deformations and secondary rotating, each bulging all could will be realized by the technological parameter that regulation and control is a large amount of, its operation is comparatively loaded down with trivial details, productivity ratio is low, energy digestion is large, the Operational preparation time and the production cycle longer, also higher to the requirement of equipment, be unfavorable in actual production process controlling product quality and tissue is produced in enormous quantities, be difficult to obtain the annular element of high-quality, precision, efficient, environmental protection and low cost.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of employing aximal deformation value to realize the Thermal expansion manufacturing process of stainless steel rectangular cross sectional annular part, this process simplify operation, obtain that dimensional accuracy is high, product quality is easy to control, be conducive to the annular part in bulging square-section that tissue is produced in enormous quantities and productivity ratio is high.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the Thermal expansion manufacturing process of stainless steel rectangular cross sectional annular part of the present invention, its technical scheme comprises the following steps:
First provide shape expanding machine, this shape expanding machine forms primarily of mandrel slide block, radial slider, bulging block, workbench and guide rail; Described mandrel slide block conically and be sleeved in radial slider and coordinate with the tapering inner circumferential face of radial slider, and can move up and down extruding radial slide block vertically in radial slider; Described radial slider is 12 pieces of secter pats separated, and the guide rail being arranged on shape expanding machine can move around along guide rail radial direction, the outer circumference surface of each secter pat is installed with bulging block respectively, forms a toroidal when each secter pat closes up together with bulging block; Can make when described mandrel slide block moves down vertically in described radial slider each radial slider radially synchronizing moving diffusion make bulging block reach the object of bulging ring, when described mandrel slide block moves up vertically in radial slider shape expanding machine can drive each radial slider radially synchronizing moving close up and make bulging block depart from the ring after bulging; The workbench of this shape expanding machine can drive the deflector roll of ring centrally axis rotation on this workbench in addition;
Concentric with mandrel slide block on the workbench die sleeve being preheating to 305 DEG C ~ 345 DEG C being fixed on shape expanding machine, again the square-section annular part cover before the stainless steel bulging being heated to 830 DEG C ~ 890 DEG C is put into shape expanding machine, its inner ring surface is made to be enclosed within the outer circumference surface periphery of the bulging block through being preheating to 305 DEG C ~ 345 DEG C, described annular element is in the annular space that surrounded by the outer circumference surface of bulging block and the inner ring surface of die sleeve, now, radial slider is in closed configuration;
Start shape expanding machine to apply axial tension F to mandrel slide block and make it move down vertically and make the radially synchronizing moving diffusion of each radial slider along the endoporus conical surface extruding radial slide block of described radial slider, be contained in bulging block on radial slider outer circumference surface radially to extrude this annular element from the inner circumferential surface of the square-section annular part before bulging and make in it occurs, the plastic deformation of outside dimension expansion and wall thickness reduction, be extruded to when the bulging deflection of described annular element reaches 10% ~ 13% in the inner ring surface of die sleeve, be filled with the near closed hollow ring surrounded by the outer circumference surface of bulging block and the inner ring surface of die sleeve, the annular part of the square-section after bulging is become after pressurize,
The bulging temperature of the square-section annular part before described bulging is 830 DEG C ~ 890 DEG C, wall thickness × 0.6s/mm ~ 1.1s/mm that the bulging time presses the annular part of the square-section before bulging calculates, and wall thickness × 23s/mm ~ 33s/mm that the dwell time presses the annular part of the square-section after bulging calculates;
After bulging terminates, move up mandrel slide block, closes up radial slider, dismantles and square-section annular part after taking out bulging after taking out die sleeve.
Described stainless steel is 1Mn18Cr18N.
In Bulging Process, described shape expanding machine is calculated as follows the axial tension F that mandrel slide block applies to be determined:
F=ξ×σ 0.2×S
In formula:
ξ---shape expanding machine bulge coefficient, gets 1.26 ~ 1.52;
σ 0.2---the yield strength (MPa) of stainless steel material at bulging temperature, 190MPa ~ 210MPa got by 1Mn18Cr18N stainless steel;
S---the longitudinal section area (mm of the square-section annular part before bulging 2).
Adopt the square-section annular part after said method bulging, its internal diameter size scope is Φ 400mm ~ Φ 4500mm, and wall thickness is 10mm ~ 200mm, is highly 40mm ~ 750mm.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
The present invention is placed in the square-section annular part before described bulging in the annular space that surrounded by the outer circumference surface of bulging block on shape expanding machine and the inner ring surface of die sleeve, 10% ~ 13% aximal deformation value is adopted described annular element to be expressed in the near closed hollow ring that surrounded by the outer circumference surface of bulging block and the inner ring surface of die sleeve by an aximal deformation value expansion forming, enormously simplify bulging process, reduce the requirement to bulging equipment, can not only economize energy in actual production process, reduce costs, boost productivity, and be easy to control product quality and realize producing in enormous quantities, high-quality can be obtained, accurate, efficiently, the annular element of environmental protection and low cost.
Wall thickness × 0.6s/mm ~ 1.1s/mm that the present invention presses the annular part of the square-section before bulging the bulging time in Bulging Process calculates, the bulging speed of bulging block can be reasonably controlled according to the bulging time, make the metal flow in described annular element comparatively smooth and easy, be conducive to being full of described near closed hollow ring; Wall thickness × 23s/mm ~ 33s/mm that dwell time presses the annular part of the square-section after bulging calculates, and is conducive to the annular part of the square-section before bulging and is fully out of shape in described near closed hollow ring, lowers the temperature and delivery.The accurate Calculation of described bulging time and dwell time, can also make the production time be in slave mode.
The dimensional accuracy of the square-section annular internal diameter of part, external diameter and height after testing after this stainless steel bulging, reaches 1 ‰ ~ 2 ‰ of described internal diameter, external diameter and height dimension respectively; , there is not marked change in the interior tissue of the square-section annular part after testing after this stainless steel bulging, and without the defect such as wall unevenness, bulge; The inside and outside anchor ring of the square-section annular part after this stainless steel bulging of machined rear detection and upper and lower bottom surface, find no crackle.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the profilograph of the square-section annular part before bulging along its center line.
Fig. 2 is the shape expanding machine structure diagram being provided with die sleeve.
Fig. 3 is the installation schematic diagram of the square-section annular part before bulging.
Fig. 4 is the square-section annular part Thermal expansion forming process schematic diagram before bulging.
Fig. 5 is the square-section annular part schematic diagram after bulging block departs from bulging.
Fig. 6 is the profilograph of the square-section annular part after bulging along its center line.
Detailed description of the invention
The Thermal expansion manufacturing process implementing stainless steel rectangular cross sectional annular part of the present invention needs to provide the equipment such as shape expanding machine, forge furnace, manipulator.With material trademark be below the stainless steel of 1Mn18Cr18N for example is to describe the detailed description of the invention of the method in detail:
This stainless main chemical elements content (percentage by weight) provided in prior art is: C content≤0.1%, si content≤0.8%, containing Mn amount 17.5% ~ 20.0%, P content≤0.050%, containing S amount≤0.015%, containing Cr amount 17.5% ~ 20.0%, leaded wastewater >=0.50%, containing Al amount≤0.025%, containing B amount≤0.001%, surplus is Fe.
Provide in prior art for implementing the structure diagram of Thermal expansion method of the present invention shape expanding machine used as shown in Figure 2, this shape expanding machine forms primarily of mandrel slide block 1, radial slider 2, bulging block 3, workbench 4 and guide rail 5.Conically and be sleeved in radial slider 2 and coordinate with the tapering inner circumferential face of radial slider 2, mandrel slide block 1 can move up and down also extruding radial slide block 2 vertically by the hydraulic cylinder drive of shape expanding machine to mandrel slide block 1 in radial slider 2; The guide rail 5 that radial slider 2 is arranged on shape expanding machine can move around along guide rail 5 radial direction, it is 12 pieces of secter pat shapes of separating that radial slider 2 is overlooked viewed from direction from Fig. 2, the outer circumference surface of each secter pat is installed with bulging block 3 respectively, when each secter pat closes up, a toroidal can be formed together with bulging block 3; Can make when mandrel slide block 1 moves down vertically in radial slider 2 each radial slider 2 radially synchronizing moving diffusion make bulging block 3 reach the object of bulging ring, when mandrel slide block 1 moves up vertically in radial slider 2 shape expanding machine can drive each radial slider 2 radially synchronizing moving close up the ring after making bulging block 3 depart from bulging, bulging block 3 has in Bulging Process in real time measures ring internal diameter size and function measurement data is sent on the display of shape expanding machine; In addition, the workbench 4 of this shape expanding machine can drive in addition the deflector roll (not shown) of ring centrally axis rotation on this workbench.
In addition, as shown in Figure 2, implement the present invention also to need dismountable die sleeve 30 is installed on shape expanding machine, the longitudinal section of die sleeve 30 is in " ┍ ┑ " ring-shaped, end face has circular through hole 31 thereon, concentric with mandrel slide block 1 on the workbench 4 that die sleeve 30 need be fixed on shape expanding machine during bulging, when bulging terminates rear, need die sleeve 30 from delivery after the workbench 4 of shape expanding machine dismantles.
The Thermal expansion shaping process step of this stainless steel rectangular cross sectional annular part is as follows:
Step 1: installation.
As shown in Figure 3, concentric with mandrel slide block 1 on the workbench 4 being fixed on shape expanding machine after die sleeve 30 is preheating to 305 DEG C ~ 345 DEG C, and bulging block 3 to 305 DEG C ~ 345 DEG C on preheating shape expanding machine, after again the square-section annular part 10 before 1Mn18Cr18N stainless steel bulging being as shown in Figure 1 heated to 830 DEG C ~ 890 DEG C, shape expanding machine put into by cover, its inner ring surface is made to be enclosed within the outer circumference surface periphery of bulging block 3, square-section annular part 10 is in the annular space that surrounded by the inner ring surface of the outer circumference surface of bulging block 3 and die sleeve 30, the bottom surface of square-section annular part 10 lies in above workbench 4, now, radial slider 2 is in closed configuration.During installation, the shipment of workpiece completes mainly through Robot actions.
Step 2: bulging.
As shown in Figure 4, starting shape expanding machine makes its mandrel slide block 1 axially move down along it, mandrel slide block 1 makes the radially synchronizing moving diffusion of each radial slider 2 along its taper surface extruding radial slide block 2 in radial slider 2, the inner circumferential surface extruding square-section annular part 10 of outer circumference surface annular part 10 along square-section of the bulging block 3 in radial slider 2, make the radial compression power that square-section annular part 10 is subject to from bulging block 3 from inner circumferential surface to external peripheral surface, the inner peripheral surface of square-section annular part 10 is caused radially to expand, in square-section annular part 10 occurs, outside dimension expands, the plastic deformation of wall thickness reduction, square-section annular part 10 is extruded in the inner ring surface of die sleeve 30 by bulging block 3 bulging when its bulging deflection reaches 10% ~ 13%, be filled with the near closed hollow ring surrounded by the inner ring surface of the outer circumference surface of bulging block 3 and die sleeve 30, now stopping mandrel slide block 1 to move down makes bulging block 3 not remake radial motion, obtains the annular part 20 of the square-section after bulging after pressurize.
During bulging, the hydraulic cylinder of shape expanding machine is F to the axial tension that mandrel slide block 1 applies, the bulging temperature of square-section annular part 10 is 830 DEG C ~ 890 DEG C, the bulging time calculates by the wall thickness × 0.6s/mm ~ 1.1s/mm of square-section annular part 10, and wall thickness × 23s/mm ~ 33s/mm that the dwell time presses the annular part 20 of the square-section after bulging calculates.
The described bulging time refer to square-section annular part 10 from the beginning by bulging to the time reaching bulging deflection; The described dwell time refers to and no longer to deform in the near closed hollow ring surrounded by the outer circumference surface of bulging block 3 and the inner ring surface of die sleeve 30 after square-section annular part 10 is reached deflection by bulging and the time of square-section annular part 20 after being finally configured as bulging.
The computational methods of the bulging deflection of described square-section annular part 10 are: bulging deflection=[the central diameter size of (the central diameter size of the central diameter size-square-section annular part 10 of the square-section annular part 20 after bulging)/square-section annular part 10] × 100%.
Central diameter size=(outside dimension of the internal diameter size+square-section annular part 10 of square-section annular part 10) ÷ 2 of described square-section annular part 10.
Central diameter size=(outside dimension of the square-section annular part 20 after the internal diameter size+bulging of the square-section annular part 20 after bulging) ÷ 2 of square-section annular part 20 after described bulging.
Step 3: delivery.
As shown in Figure 5, after bulging terminates, move up mandrel slide block 1, close up radial slider 2 and make bulging block 3 depart from the annular part 20 of the square-section after bulging, die sleeve 30 is disassembled from the workbench 4 of shape expanding machine, first take out die sleeve 30 with manipulator, then take out the annular part 20 of the square-section after bulging, its shape as shown in Figure 6.
Described square-section annular part 10 is in Bulging Process, and described axial tension F is calculated as follows:
F=ξ×σ 0.2×S
In formula:
ξ---shape expanding machine bulge coefficient, the present invention gets 1.26 ~ 1.52;
σ 0.2---the yield strength (MPa) of stainless steel material at bulging temperature, the present invention gets 190MPa ~ 210MPa;
S---the longitudinal section area (mm of square-section annular part 10 2);
Adopt the square-section annular part 20 after said method bulging, its internal diameter size scope is: Φ 400mm ~ Φ 4500mm, and wall thickness is 10mm ~ 200mm, is highly 40mm ~ 750mm.

Claims (4)

1. a Thermal expansion manufacturing process for stainless steel rectangular cross sectional annular part, first provides shape expanding machine, and this shape expanding machine forms primarily of mandrel slide block, radial slider, bulging block, workbench and guide rail; Described mandrel slide block conically and be sleeved in radial slider and coordinate with the tapering inner circumferential face of radial slider, and can move up and down extruding radial slide block vertically in radial slider; Described radial slider is 12 pieces of secter pats separated, and the guide rail being arranged on shape expanding machine can move around along guide rail radial direction, the outer circumference surface of each secter pat is installed with bulging block respectively, forms a toroidal when each secter pat closes up together with bulging block; Can make when described mandrel slide block moves down vertically in described radial slider each radial slider radially synchronizing moving diffusion make bulging block reach the object of bulging ring, when described mandrel slide block moves up vertically in radial slider shape expanding machine can drive each radial slider radially synchronizing moving close up and make bulging block depart from the ring after bulging; The workbench of this shape expanding machine can drive the deflector roll of ring centrally axis rotation on this workbench in addition; It is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Concentric with mandrel slide block on the workbench die sleeve being preheating to 305 DEG C ~ 345 DEG C being fixed on shape expanding machine, again the square-section annular part cover before the stainless steel bulging being heated to 830 DEG C ~ 890 DEG C is put into shape expanding machine, its inner ring surface is made to be enclosed within the outer circumference surface periphery of the bulging block through being preheating to 305 DEG C ~ 345 DEG C, described annular element is in the annular space that surrounded by the outer circumference surface of bulging block and the inner ring surface of die sleeve, now, radial slider is in closed configuration;
Start shape expanding machine to apply axial tension F to mandrel slide block and make it move down vertically and make the radially synchronizing moving diffusion of each radial slider along the endoporus conical surface extruding radial slide block of described radial slider, be contained in bulging block on radial slider outer circumference surface radially to extrude this annular element from the inner circumferential surface of the square-section annular part before bulging and make in it occurs, the plastic deformation of outside dimension expansion and wall thickness reduction, be extruded to when the bulging deflection of described annular element reaches 10% ~ 13% in the inner ring surface of die sleeve, be filled with the near closed hollow ring surrounded by the outer circumference surface of bulging block and the inner ring surface of die sleeve, the annular part of the square-section after bulging is become after pressurize,
The bulging temperature of the square-section annular part before described bulging is 830 DEG C ~ 890 DEG C, wall thickness × 0.6s/mm ~ 1.1s/mm that the bulging time presses the annular part of the square-section before bulging calculates, and wall thickness × 23s/mm ~ 33s/mm that the dwell time presses the annular part of the square-section after bulging calculates;
After bulging terminates, move up mandrel slide block, closes up radial slider, dismantles and square-section annular part after taking out bulging after taking out die sleeve.
2. the Thermal expansion manufacturing process of stainless steel rectangular cross sectional annular part according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described stainless steel is 1Mn18Cr18N.
3. the Thermal expansion manufacturing process of stainless steel rectangular cross sectional annular part according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described shape expanding machine is calculated as follows the axial tension F that mandrel slide block applies to be determined:
F=ξ×σ 0.2×S
In formula:
ξ---shape expanding machine bulge coefficient, gets 1.26 ~ 1.52;
σ 0.2---at bulging temperature, 190MPa ~ 210MPa got by the yield strength MPa of stainless steel material, 1Mn18Cr18N stainless steel;
S---the longitudinal section area mm of the square-section annular part before bulging 2.
4. the Thermal expansion manufacturing process of stainless steel rectangular cross sectional annular part according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the square-section annular part after described bulging, its internal diameter size scope is Φ 400mm ~ Φ 4500mm, and wall thickness is 10mm ~ 200mm, is highly 40mm ~ 750mm.
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CN107363154A (en) * 2017-07-11 2017-11-21 武汉理工大学 A kind of swollen extrusion forming method of complex mesh muscle ring
CN109909415B (en) * 2019-04-11 2020-06-23 无锡派克新材料科技股份有限公司 High-temperature alloy segmented bulging method
CN111350012B (en) * 2020-04-24 2021-04-16 扬州市郭氏精密机械制造有限公司 Forcing device and forcing method for gripper shuttle yarn clamp

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CN102513457A (en) * 2011-11-24 2012-06-27 贵州安大航空锻造有限责任公司 Method for forming irregular ring piece by utilizing stainless-steel rectangular ring rolled piece through thermal bulging

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