CN103442335A - Privacy protection method and device for Wifi fingerprint positioning - Google Patents
Privacy protection method and device for Wifi fingerprint positioning Download PDFInfo
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- CN103442335A CN103442335A CN2013103905627A CN201310390562A CN103442335A CN 103442335 A CN103442335 A CN 103442335A CN 2013103905627 A CN2013103905627 A CN 2013103905627A CN 201310390562 A CN201310390562 A CN 201310390562A CN 103442335 A CN103442335 A CN 103442335A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a privacy protection method and device for Wifi fingerprint positioning. The privacy protection method for Wifi fingerprint positioning comprises the following steps that a server extracts all the Wifi fingerprints and fingerprint metadata; a client terminal collects Wifi signal intensity values in the peripheral environment and generates a public key and a private key according to the asymmetrical encryption algorithm, encryption is respectively conducted on the collected Wifi signal intensity values by the public key and a positioning request is sent to the server; the server calculates the fingerprint distance between all the Wifi fingerprints and each encrypted Wifi signal intensity value and transmits multiple sets of encrypted fingerprint distance data to the client terminal; the client terminal uses the private key to decrypt the multiple sets of the encrypted fingerprint distance data, and determines the current location of the client terminal according to the Wifi fingerprint corresponding to each decrypted fingerprint distance datum and the received fingerprint metadata. The privacy protection method and device for Wifi fingerprint positioning solves the privacy problem in an existing WiFi fingerprint positioning technology, and can protect the location privacy of a user and the data privacy of a service provider.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to indoor positioning and secret protection technology, particularly a kind of method for secret protection of Wifi fingerprint location and device.
Background technology
Along with the continuous expansion of wireless network, mobile communication and the application of universal computing technique and deeply, location-based service (LBS, Location-based Services) seems more and more important.Location technology, as the basis of location-aware computing and location-based service, has caused whole world researcher's extensive concern.In indoor environment, the terminal equipments such as mobile phone can't receive gps signal, so the indoor positioning technology becomes the focus of research.The WiFi fingerprint location technology is one of the most frequently used indoor positioning technology, has caused the extensive concern of academia and industrial quarters.Released one after another oneself the WiFi fingerprint indoor positioning application of the companies such as Google, Apple, Navizon, Skyhook, Baidu.With other location technology, compare, the WiFi fingerprint location technology can provide very " cheapness " and immanent positioning service.It only utilizes indoor ubiquitous WiFi access point (AP, Access Point), and does not need other extra hardware.
The WIFI fingerprint location is divided into off-line training and two stages of online location.Off-line training step, at first indoor positioning service provider chooses m reference point indoor, and coordinate is respectively
; Then at each (x
i, y
i) locate to gather around the WiFi fingerprint of AP, i.e. the signal strength values V of each AP in environment
i={ v
i, 1, v
i, 2..., v
i,j..., v
i,n, v wherein
i,jit is the signal strength values that j the AP detected pointed out in i reference; Last general<i, (x
i, y
i), V
ibe recorded in fingerprint database D.Online positioning stage, when the user need to know own position, the signal strength values V ' by AP around the equipment collections such as mobile phone={ v at first
1', v
2' ... v
j' ..., v
n', then V ' is sent to the service provider.The service provider finds out the k nearest with V ' Euclidean distance nearest WiFi fingerprint in database D, and with this k WiFi fingerprint the position of corresponding coordinate estimating user.
Although the WiFi fingerprint location is considered to a kind of indoor positioning algorithm of practicality, there is potential privacy concern in the WiFi fingerprint location, can reveal user's location privacy and service provider's data-privacy.On the one hand, the user uses positioning service, and the service provider is easy to obtain user's positional information.User access positional information is highstrung data, if these data are revealed, the behavioural habits, religious belief that will expose the user are political standpoint even.On the other hand, because the training process of WiFi fingerprint base takes time and effort very much, and the quality of WiFi fingerprint base directly affects the precision of location, so the service provider is unwilling to reveal the WiFi fingerprint base of oneself.If malicious user gets the WiFi fingerprint base, it can set up the navigation system of oneself, or fingerprint base is sold to service provider's rival, causes the service provider to be subjected to inequitable competition.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind ofly can protect method for secret protection and the device of the Wifi fingerprint location of customer location privacy and service provider's data-privacy when utilizing the Wifi fingerprint to position.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is as follows: a kind of method for secret protection of Wifi fingerprint location comprises the following steps:
Step 1: server extracts all Wifi fingerprints and fingerprint metadata corresponding to each Wifi fingerprint from the Wifi fingerprint base, and the fingerprint metadata is sent to client, and described fingerprint metadata comprises positional information and the signal message of Wifi fingerprint;
Step 2: client gathers the Wifi signal strength values in surrounding environment, and generate a pair of PKI and private key according to asymmetrical encryption algorithm, utilize PKI respectively the Wifi signal strength values collected to be encrypted, generating ciphertext, send Location Request to server, include PKI and ciphertext in described Location Request;
Step 3: the fingerprint distance between the Wifi signal strength values of each encryption collected in all Wifi fingerprints and ciphertext in server calculating Wifi fingerprint base, obtain many group encryptions fingerprint range data, many group encryptions fingerprint range data is sent to client;
Step 4: client utilizes private key to be decrypted many group encryptions fingerprint range data, obtain a predetermined quantity minimum deciphering fingerprint range data, according to the Wifi fingerprint corresponding with each deciphering fingerprint range data and the fingerprint metadata received, determine the current position of client.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: solved the privacy concern existed in the WiFi fingerprint location technology, can ensure user's location privacy and service provider's data-privacy.
On the basis of technique scheme, the present invention can also do following improvement.
Described asymmetric algorithm is specially the key schedule of Paillier Cryptosystem.
The beneficial effect that adopts above-mentioned further scheme is an additive homomorphism that has utilized paillier, has protected user's location privacy.
Further, in described step 3, the computational methods of fingerprint distance are:
Wherein, R is random number,
k is a set that comprises a plurality of elements, and each element is the positive integer that 1～N chooses at random, v
i,jthe signal strength values that j the Wifi access point detected pointed out in i reference, v
jthe signal strength values of ' j Wifi access point collecting, r
jfor the random large random number generated of client.
The beneficial effect that adopts above-mentioned further scheme is the Euclidean distance algorithm adopted after distortion, data-privacy that can protected data provider.
Further, between described step 3 and step 4, also comprise,
Step 3.1: indoor arrangement is divided into to a plurality of little rectangular areas;
Step 3.2: according to residing rectangular area of a certain moment of client, and the movement velocity of client, the computing client end is at next residing position range of the moment, and described position range comprises at least one rectangular area;
Step 3.3: in position range without the client motion path of barrier as the deciphering path, the encryption fingerprint range data corresponding with the deciphering path is decrypted.
The beneficial effect that adopts above-mentioned further scheme is only the path in position range to be decrypted, and can reduce the operand of client.
Further, a kind of secret protection device of Wifi fingerprint location, comprise the server and client side;
Described server, for from the Wifi fingerprint base, extracting all Wifi fingerprints and fingerprint metadata corresponding to each Wifi fingerprint, send to client by the fingerprint metadata, and described fingerprint metadata comprises positional information and the signal message of Wifi fingerprint; Fingerprint distance between the Wifi signal strength values of each encryption collected in all Wifi fingerprints and ciphertext in calculating Wifi fingerprint base, obtain many group encryptions fingerprint range data, and many group encryptions fingerprint range data is sent to client;
Described client, for gathering the Wifi signal strength values of surrounding environment, and generate a pair of PKI and private key according to asymmetrical encryption algorithm, utilize PKI respectively the Wifi signal strength values collected to be encrypted, generating ciphertext, send Location Request to server, include PKI and ciphertext in described Location Request; Utilize private key to be decrypted many group encryptions fingerprint range data, obtain a predetermined quantity minimum deciphering fingerprint range data, according to the Wifi fingerprint corresponding with each deciphering fingerprint range data and the fingerprint metadata received, determine the current position of client.
The beneficial effect that adopts above-mentioned further scheme is to have solved the privacy concern existed in the WiFi fingerprint location technology, can ensure user's location privacy and service provider's data-privacy.
Further, asymmetric algorithm is specially the key schedule of Paillier Cryptosystem.
The beneficial effect that adopts above-mentioned further scheme is an additive homomorphism that has utilized paillier, has protected user's location privacy.
Further, server is specially the computational methods of fingerprint distance:
Wherein, R is random number,
K is a set that comprises a plurality of elements, and each element is the positive integer that 1～N chooses at random, v
i,jthe signal strength values that j the Wifi access point detected pointed out in i reference, v
jthe signal strength values of ' j Wifi access point collecting, r
jfor the random large random number generated of client.
The beneficial effect that adopts above-mentioned further scheme is the Euclidean distance algorithm adopted after distortion, data-privacy that can protected data provider.
Further, also comprise the division module between described server and client, computing module and definite deciphering range module;
Described division module, send to computing module for the information that indoor arrangement is divided into to ，Jiang rectangular area, a plurality of little rectangular area;
Described computing module, for receiving the information of rectangular area, according to residing rectangular area of a certain moment of client, and the movement velocity of client, the computing client end is at next residing position range of the moment, described position range comprises at least one rectangular area, and the information of position range is sent to and determines the deciphering range module;
Described definite deciphering range module, for the information of receiving position scope, in position range without the client motion path of barrier as the deciphering path, the encryption fingerprint range data corresponding with the deciphering path is decrypted.
The beneficial effect that adopts above-mentioned further scheme is only the path in position range to be decrypted, and can reduce the operand of client.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the inventive method flow chart of steps;
Fig. 2 is apparatus of the present invention structure chart.
In accompanying drawing, the list of parts of each label representative is as follows:
1, server, 2, client, 3, divide module, 4, computing module, 5, determine the deciphering range module.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, principle of the present invention and feature are described, example, only for explaining the present invention, is not intended to limit scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, be the inventive method flow chart of steps; Fig. 2 is apparatus of the present invention structure chart.
A kind of method for secret protection of Wifi fingerprint location comprises the following steps:
Step 1: server extracts all Wifi fingerprints and fingerprint metadata corresponding to each Wifi fingerprint from the Wifi fingerprint base, and the fingerprint metadata is sent to client, and described fingerprint metadata comprises positional information and the signal message of Wifi fingerprint; Described Wifi fingerprint, refer to the signal strength signal intensity of wifi access point on every side detected in a certain place;
Step 2: client gathers the Wifi signal strength values in surrounding environment, and generate a pair of PKI and private key according to asymmetrical encryption algorithm, utilize PKI respectively the Wifi signal strength values collected to be encrypted, generating ciphertext, send Location Request to server, include PKI and ciphertext in described Location Request;
Step 3: the fingerprint distance between the Wifi signal strength values of each encryption collected in all Wifi fingerprints and ciphertext in server calculating Wifi fingerprint base, obtain many group encryptions fingerprint range data, many group encryptions fingerprint range data is sent to client;
Step 4: client utilizes private key to be decrypted many group encryptions fingerprint range data, obtain a predetermined quantity minimum deciphering fingerprint range data, according to the Wifi fingerprint corresponding with each deciphering fingerprint range data and the fingerprint metadata received, determine the current position of client.
Asymmetric algorithm is specially the key schedule of Paillier Cryptosystem.
In described step 3, the computational methods of fingerprint distance are:
Wherein, R is random number,
k is a set that comprises a plurality of elements, and each element is the positive integer that 1～N chooses at random, v
i,jthe signal strength values that j the Wifi access point detected pointed out in i reference, v
jthe signal strength values of ' j Wifi access point collecting, r
jfor the random large random number generated of client.
Between described step 3 and step 4, also comprise,
Step 3.1: indoor arrangement is divided into to a plurality of little rectangular areas;
Step 3.2: according to residing rectangular area of a certain moment of client, and the movement velocity of client, the computing client end is at next residing position range of the moment, and described position range comprises at least one rectangular area;
Step 3.3: in position range without the client motion path of barrier as the deciphering path, the encryption fingerprint range data corresponding with the deciphering path is decrypted.
A kind of secret protection device of Wifi fingerprint location, comprise server 1, client 2,
Described server 1, for from the Wifi fingerprint base, extracting all Wifi fingerprints and fingerprint metadata corresponding to each Wifi fingerprint, send to client 2 by the fingerprint metadata, and described fingerprint metadata comprises positional information and the signal message of Wifi fingerprint; Fingerprint distance between the Wifi signal strength values of each encryption collected in all Wifi fingerprints and ciphertext in calculating Wifi fingerprint base, obtain many group encryptions fingerprint range data, and many group encryptions fingerprint range data is sent to client 2;
Described client 2, for gathering the Wifi signal strength values of surrounding environment, and generate a pair of PKI and private key according to asymmetrical encryption algorithm, utilize PKI respectively the Wifi signal strength values collected to be encrypted, generating ciphertext, send Location Request to server 1, include PKI and ciphertext in described Location Request; Utilize private key to be decrypted many group encryptions fingerprint range data, obtain a predetermined quantity minimum deciphering fingerprint range data, according to the Wifi fingerprint corresponding with each deciphering fingerprint range data and the fingerprint metadata received, determine the current position of client 2.
Asymmetric algorithm is specially the key schedule of Paillier Cryptosystem.
The computational methods of 1 pair of fingerprint distance of server are specially:
Wherein, R is random number,
k is a set that comprises a plurality of elements, and each element is the positive integer that 1～N chooses at random, v
i,jthe signal strength values that j the Wifi access point detected pointed out in i reference, v
jthe signal strength values of ' j Wifi access point collecting, r
jfor the random large random number generated of client.
Also comprise between described server 1 and client 2 and divide module 3, computing module 4 and definite deciphering range module 5;
Described division module 3, send to computing module 4 for the information that indoor arrangement is divided into to ，Jiang rectangular area, a plurality of little rectangular area;
Described computing module 4, for receiving the information of rectangular area, according to residing rectangular area of a certain moment of client, and the movement velocity of client, the computing client end is at next residing position range of the moment, described position range comprises at least one rectangular area, and the information of position range is sent to and determines deciphering range module 5;
Described definite deciphering range module 5, for the information of receiving position scope, in position range without the client motion path of barrier as the deciphering path, the encryption fingerprint range data corresponding with the deciphering path is decrypted.
The present invention is divided into four-stage by the online positioning stage of WiFi fingerprint location in concrete enforcement: pretreatment stage, preparatory stage, Euclidean distance calculation stages and location estimation stage.Pretreatment stage and Euclidean distance calculation stages operate in the server of being controlled by the service provider, and preparatory stage and location estimation stage operate in client.Suppose that in WiFi fingerprint database D, i WiFi fingerprint is V
i, the WiFi fingerprint that the user collects is V
i', V
iwith V
i' between square d of Euclidean distance
ican be calculated as follows:
Pretreatment stage, the service provider is extracting metadata from the WiFi fingerprint database, and sends to client.Metadata by
with
form, wherein i, k are sequence number, (x
i, y
i) for gathering the place of WiFi fingerprint, (p
k, q
k) be the sequence number that in k building, the WiFi fingerprint starts and finishes.
Preparatory stage, the user carries out following operation:
Generate a pair of public and private key PK by Paillier cryptosystem asymmetrical encryption algorithm
c, PR
c, and by PKI PK
csend to server;
Choose N large random number { r
1, r
2..., r
j..., r
n;
Use PKI PK
crespectively by { 2v
1' ,-2v
2' ... ,-2v
n',
encrypt.
By ciphertext
send to server.
The Euclidean distance calculation stages, after receiving user's Location Request, server is chosen at random N ' dimension (6≤N '≤N) from the N of WiFi fingerprint base dimension, is designated as K={k
1, k
2..., k
n'.Then, calculate according to the following formula V ' and V
ibetween square Euclidean distance of encryption
(for1≤i≤M):
Wherein R is random number,
with
account form as follows.Last server will
return to the user.
In the location estimation stage, in B building, the user receives
after, at first at T
2in find out (p
b, q
b); Then with private key, decipher
and find out K minimum Euclidean distance; Finally, user's position is by position estimation corresponding to this K fingerprint.
The limited equipment for computing capabilitys such as mobile phones, an operation more consuming time during deciphering, in order to reduce the computing cost of user side, the present invention is according to indoor layout and people's translational speed, all possible position LocSet of predictive user.The user, when deciphering, only needs deciphering
The present invention is divided into a lot of little zones by indoor layout, has and only have a WiFi fingerprint in each zone.If regional g
iand g
jadjacent, and g
i, g
jbetween without any barrier, g so
i, g
jbetween have a paths.Within the Δ t time, the user only can move to its zonule on every side from a little zone.The present invention utilizes the user at t
iposition constantly, predictive user is at t
i+1all possible location sets LocSet of the moment.Suppose user t
ithe position at place is g constantly
s, the speed that the user moves is v, the computational methods of LocSet are as follows: calculate at t (1)
ito t
i+1between user's number of regions of passing at most
(2) with g
sstarting point, start the breadth first search; (3) if traversal the degree of depth of node of process be less than n, this node is added to LocSet.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the method for secret protection of a Wifi fingerprint location, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: server extracts all Wifi fingerprints and fingerprint metadata corresponding to each Wifi fingerprint from the Wifi fingerprint base, and the fingerprint metadata is sent to client, and described fingerprint metadata comprises positional information and the signal message of Wifi fingerprint;
Step 2: client gathers the Wifi signal strength values in surrounding environment, and generate a pair of PKI and private key according to asymmetrical encryption algorithm, utilize PKI respectively the Wifi signal strength values collected to be encrypted, generating ciphertext, send Location Request to server, include PKI and ciphertext in described Location Request;
Step 3: the fingerprint distance between the Wifi signal strength values of each encryption collected in all Wifi fingerprints and ciphertext in server calculating Wifi fingerprint base, obtain many group encryptions fingerprint range data, many group encryptions fingerprint range data is sent to client;
Step 4: client utilizes private key to be decrypted many group encryptions fingerprint range data, obtain a predetermined quantity minimum deciphering fingerprint range data, according to the Wifi fingerprint corresponding with each deciphering fingerprint range data and the fingerprint metadata received, determine the current position of client.
2. the method for secret protection of Wifi fingerprint location according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described asymmetric algorithm is specially the key schedule of Paillier Cryptosystem.
3. the method for secret protection of Wifi fingerprint location according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step 3, the computational methods of fingerprint distance are:
Wherein, R is random number,
k is a set that comprises a plurality of elements, and each element is the positive integer that 1～N chooses at random, v
i,jthe signal strength values that j the Wifi access point detected pointed out in i reference, v
jthe signal strength values of ' j Wifi access point collecting, r
jfor the random large random number generated of client.
4. the method for secret protection of Wifi fingerprint location according to claim 1 is characterized in that: between described step 3 and step 4, also comprises,
Step 3.1: indoor arrangement is divided into to a plurality of little rectangular areas;
Step 3.2: according to residing rectangular area of a certain moment of client, and the movement velocity of client, the computing client end is at next residing position range of the moment, and described position range comprises at least one rectangular area;
Step 3.3: in position range without the client motion path of barrier as the deciphering path, the encryption fingerprint range data corresponding with the deciphering path is decrypted.
5. the secret protection device of a Wifi fingerprint location, is characterized in that: comprise server (1) and client (2);
Described server (1), for from the Wifi fingerprint base, extracting all Wifi fingerprints and fingerprint metadata corresponding to each Wifi fingerprint, send to client (2) by the fingerprint metadata, and described fingerprint metadata comprises positional information and the signal message of Wifi fingerprint; Fingerprint distance between the Wifi signal strength values of each encryption collected in all Wifi fingerprints and ciphertext in calculating Wifi fingerprint base, obtain many group encryptions fingerprint range data, and many group encryptions fingerprint range data is sent to client (2);
Described client (2), for gathering the Wifi signal strength values of surrounding environment, and generate a pair of PKI and private key according to asymmetrical encryption algorithm, utilize PKI respectively the Wifi signal strength values collected to be encrypted, generating ciphertext, send Location Request to server (1), include PKI and ciphertext in described Location Request; Utilize private key to be decrypted many group encryptions fingerprint range data, obtain a predetermined quantity minimum deciphering fingerprint range data, according to the Wifi fingerprint corresponding with each deciphering fingerprint range data and the fingerprint metadata received, determine the current position of client (2).
6. the method for secret protection of Wifi fingerprint location according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described asymmetric algorithm is specially the key schedule of Paillier Cryptosystem.
7. the secret protection device of Wifi fingerprint location according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: server (1) is specially the computational methods of fingerprint distance:
Wherein, R is random number,
k is a set that comprises a plurality of elements, and each element is 1～N positive integer of choosing at random, v
i,jthe signal strength values that j the Wifi access point detected pointed out in i reference, v
jthe signal strength values of ' j Wifi access point collecting, r
jfor the random large random number generated of client.
8. the secret protection device of Wifi fingerprint location according to claim 5, is characterized in that: also comprise between described server (1) and client (2) and divide module (3), computing module (4) and definite deciphering range module (5);
Described division module (3), send to computing module (4) for the information that indoor arrangement is divided into to ，Jiang rectangular area, a plurality of little rectangular area;
Described computing module (4), for receiving the information of rectangular area, according to residing rectangular area of a certain moment of client, and the movement velocity of client, the computing client end is at next residing position range of the moment, described position range comprises at least one rectangular area, and the information of position range is sent to and determines deciphering range module (5);
Described definite deciphering range module (5), for the information of receiving position scope, in position range without the client motion path of barrier as the deciphering path, the encryption fingerprint range data corresponding with the deciphering path is decrypted.
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| CN107607906A (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2018-01-19 | 重庆理工大学 | Tracking method for indoor WiFi fingerprint collectings |
| CN110267197A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-09-20 | 东华大学 | Lightweight intimacy protection system and method based on WiFi fingerprint indoor positioning |
| CN111431854A (en) * | 2020-02-23 | 2020-07-17 | 中国科学院信息工程研究所 | Wi-Fi received signal strength-based double-factor authentication method and electronic device |
| CN111447580A (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2020-07-24 | 普联技术有限公司 | Indoor positioning method, medium, network management system and terminal control method |
| CN111479232A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-07-31 | 东华大学 | Indoor WIFI positioning system for protecting privacy based on virtual position points |
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