Aromatic polysulfonamide base lithium ion battery diaphragm prepared by a kind of wet method copy paper technique
Technical field
The present invention relates to lithium ion battery, particularly relate to a kind of aromatic polysulfonamide base lithium ion battery diaphragm and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Lithium ion battery have high power density, memory-less effect, self-discharge rate low, can the stable and advantage such as to have extended cycle life of fast charging and discharging, discharge voltage, thus become the focus of novel power supply technical research, obtained in fields such as portable electric appts at present and developed fast.Lithium ion battery forms primarily of three parts: positive electrode, negative material and barrier film.Battery diaphragm is indispensable a kind of crucial assembling in battery production, and its cost accounts for the 20%-30% of battery total cost.The Main Function of barrier film utilizes the non-conductive property of barrier film to be separated by the both positive and negative polarity of battery, prevents two electrode contacts and be short-circuited, and relies on the microcellular structure of barrier film self simultaneously, allow lithium ion freely pass through, and keeps ionic conductivity good between both positive and negative polarity.The quality of membrane properties affects greatly battery performance and security performance.Therefore, the lithium ion battery separator developing excellent combination property just seems and is even more important.
At present, the diaphragm material of lithium ion battery mainly contains polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) single layer microporous film, and their MULTILAYER COMPOSITE microporous barrier, as the product film of trade mark Celgard.This kind of material simple tension is made, and its shortcoming is: on the one hand, and its pass is long and narrow, transverse direction, longitudinal direction are 1:10, and transverse strength is low, complicated process of preparation, thus limits widely using of this barrier film.On the other hand, its melt temperature is lower, makes lithium ion battery when temperature is slightly high, the polyalkene diaphragm heat shrinkable of inside battery and then initiation battery short circuit, internal heat increases instantaneously, thus causes battery explosion and burning, directly endangers the life security of people.
Aromatic polysulfonamide is the high-tech product of China's autonomous innovation exploitation, has filled up the blank of China at 250 DEG C of field high temperature polymeric materialses.Aromatic polysulfonamide be a kind of on high polymer main chain containing the aromatic polyamide fibre of sulfuryl, be to be polymerized with diamino resorcin by paraphthaloyl chloride to obtain a base polymer.Due to sulfuryl-SO
2-introducing, further increase again its heat decomposition temperature and strand toughness increased, the flexibility of aromatic polysulfonamide is better than Fanglun slurry cake, for composite enhancement, shock resistance, endurance, not easy damaged in the course of processing, shows and seals resilience preferably in encapsulant goods.The ru nnability of aromatic polysulfonamide pulp is excellent, has the features such as good insulation preformance, tearing strength is high, any surface finish, resistance to elevated temperatures are good, is that wet method is manufactured paper with pulp the important paper substrate raw material of insulating paper or other synthetic papers.Meanwhile, aromatic polysulfonamide has excellent chemical resistance, and electrochemical stability, electrical insulating property, the advantage such as fire resistance and resistance to elevated temperatures, it is mainly used in high-temperature-resistant filtering material, special protecting clothing, the aspect such as electrical insulating material and thermostability engineering plastic.But, so far, not about the bibliographical information of aromatic polysulfonamide base composite non woven film as lithium ion battery separator.The nonwoven film utilizing wet method papermaking technology to prepare is an important development direction of lithium ion battery separator, and it is large that it has specific area, and electrolyte uniform absorption, porosity advantages of higher, thus obtains the extensive concern of various countries lithium ion battery separator researcher.Based on this, the present invention utilizes wet method copy paper technique successfully to prepare the aromatic polysulfonamide base composite non woven film of flame-resistant high-temperature-resistant, and is applied to lithium ion battery separator field.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the deficiency improving conventional polyolefins barrier film, provide a kind of fire-retardant, resistant to elevated temperatures aromatic polysulfonamide base lithium ion battery diaphragm, improve the combination property of existing battery diaphragm.
Another object of the present invention is to the preparation method that above-mentioned aromatic polysulfonamide base lithium ion battery diaphragm is provided.
For achieving the above object, lithium ion battery separator provided by the present invention is aromatic polysulfonamide base composite non woven film composition, and film thickness is 10 μm-200 μm; Porosity is 40%-95%, and aperture is 0.05 μm-1 μm, and electrolyte absorptivity is 100%-800%, and air permeability Gurley value is 1s-500s/100cc; Fire resistance is good, and limited oxygen index is 30%-35%; Thermal stability is excellent, 200
oat C temperature, dimensional contraction rate is less than 0.5%.
Affiliated preparation method is by wet method copy paper technique to aromatic polysulfonamide slurry or mixed slurry, prepares affiliated aromatic polysulfonamide base composite non woven film through making beating, copy paper, roll-in, drying.For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:
Step 1, aromatic polysulfonamide starched cypress and additive is added in dispersion liquid by a certain percentage, after fiberizer making beating process, obtain paper making pulp;
Step 2, paper making pulp step 1 obtained carry out manufacturing paper with pulp shaping on paper machine, obtain hygrometric state aromatic polysulfonamide base composite non woven film;
Step 3, hygrometric state aromatic polysulfonamide base nonwoven film is carried out roll compacting, drying, to remove unnecessary moisture, then through winding, just obtain aromatic polysulfonamide base lithium ion battery diaphragm.
In wherein said preparation method, dispersion liquid used is one or more in deionized water, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol and glycerol; Additive is including, but not limited to cellulose, bamboo fibre, fibre and soya, aramid fiber, polyimides, nylon, polyester fiber, polyacrylonitrile, sodium alginate, one or more in sodium carboxymethylcellulose, poly(ethylene oxide), soluble polyurethane, beating degree is 50-90
osR, roll compacting pressure is 4-40MPa, and bake out temperature is 50-100
oc.
The purposes of aromatic polysulfonamide base lithium ion battery diaphragm is, the aromatic polysulfonamide composite non woven film utilizing high temperature resistant and close electrolyte is base material, improve resistance to elevated temperatures and the electrolyte uptake of battery diaphragm, this nonwoven film has higher porosity and fire resistance simultaneously, drastically increase heat temperature resistant safe performance and the multiplying power long circulating performance of lithium ion battery, widen the application of this barrier film further.Therefore this barrier film can be applicable to power lithium-ion battery and high temperature resistant field of batteries.Meanwhile, technical scheme low production cost of the present invention, and also preparation is simple, is suitable for large-scale production.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the scanning electron microscopic picture of aromatic polysulfonamide nonwoven film in embodiment 1;
Fig. 2 is Celgard2500 barrier film (a) and the dimensional stability digital photograph of aromatic polysulfonamide base composite non woven film (b) at 200 DEG C of temperature;
Fig. 3 is the fire resistance of Celgard2500 barrier film (a) and aromatic polysulfonamide base composite non woven film (b);
Fig. 4 is the long circulating performance characterization of full battery when 0.5C/0.5C with the assembling of aromatic polysulfonamide base composite non woven film.
Embodiment
Be more than to of the present invention generality describe, below we will be further explained claim of the present invention by instantiation.
Embodiment 1
1g aromatic polysulfonamide slurry cypress and 200g deionized water are pulled an oar through fiberizer, controlling beating degree is 50
osR, makes homogeneous slurry, by the grout distribution that obtains on wire-cloth, carries out dehydration film forming, by the ply of paper after dehydration by roll-in, then through 100
oc oven drying, to remove moisture unnecessary in ply of paper, finally carrying out reels just obtains aromatic polysulfonamide nonwoven film.
Embodiment 2
0.5g aromatic polysulfonamide slurry cypress, 0.5g cellulose pulp, 300g deionized water and 100g ethanol are pulled an oar through fiberizer, controlling beating degree is 80
osR, makes uniform mixed serum, by the grout distribution that obtains on wire-cloth, carries out dehydration film forming, by the ply of paper after dehydration by roll-in, then through 90
oc oven drying, to remove moisture unnecessary in ply of paper, finally reels, and just obtains aromatic polysulfonamide/cellulose composite non woven film.
Embodiment 3
1.5g aromatic polysulfonamide slurry cypress, 1g sodium alginate, 400g deionized water and 100g glycerol are pulled an oar through fiberizer, controlling beating degree is 70
osR, makes homogeneous slurry, by the grout distribution that obtains on wire-cloth, carries out dehydration film forming, by the ply of paper after dehydration by roll-in, then through 80
oc oven drying, to remove moisture unnecessary in ply of paper, finally reels, and just obtains aromatic polysulfonamide/sodium alginate composite non woven film.
The present invention is not only confined to above execution mode, can according to material proportion, dispersion liquid proportioning, and beating degree is different, roll compacting pressure and bake out temperature are prepared and met product type required for lithium ion battery separator and specification.The scientific research personnel of this area can also make various change and distortion, under the prerequisite of this patent purport, all in the scope of this patent.
Comparative example: adopt business-like polyalkene diaphragm Celgard2500 as a comparison, to illustrate the advantage of the aromatic polysulfonamide base lithium ion battery diaphragm described in this patent further.
Characterize the membrane properties in embodiment and comparative example, acquired results lists in table 1.As known from Table 1: the aromatic polysulfonamide base lithium ion battery diaphragm that this patent provides has that porosity is high, electrolyte absorb many, thermal stability good and the advantage such as excellent fireproof performance, meets the requirement of lithium ion battery separator.
Table 1