CN103439609A - Method for calculating power cable real-time emergency carrying capacity - Google Patents
Method for calculating power cable real-time emergency carrying capacity Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for calculating power cable real-time emergency carrying capacity. The method includes the steps of firstly, establishing a cable system transient state thermal circuit model; secondly, establishing a heat balance equation; thirdly, obtaining a general solution of the heat balance equation; fourthly, obtaining the expression of the temperature of a conductor according to the initial condition; fifthly, converting the expression of the temperature of the conductor into the expression of the real-time emergency carrying capacity; sixthly, measuring or calculating the environment temperature and the temperature of the conductor at the initial moment; seventhly, determining the time of the N-1 fault repairing period or the time of the peak electricity consumption period and the limit value of the temperature of the cable conductor; eighthly, calculating real-time emergency carrying capacity of a cable. The method has the advantages that the maximum carrying capacity, namely, the real-time emergency carrying capacity, which enables the temperature of the cable conductor to rise to the limit value in a certain period of time is calculated, the scientific and reasonable decision foundation is provided for power grid dispatch and power line repairing in the emergency situation, and the calculation can be easily and conveniently conducted.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the computing technique of a kind of power cable maximum carrying capacity in service, particularly a kind of power cable computing method of emergent current-carrying capacity in real time.
Background technology
Along with expanding economy, urban distribution network is more used power cable to carry out power transmission and distribution.Whether generally, the daily load characteristic of electrical network is double-hump characteristics, and between the peak period, can electrical network carry overload, need power cuts to limit consumption to depend on the load-bearing capacity of circuit.According to statistics, the time of electrical network in the peak value operation is 2 to 3 hours, if the temperature of cable conductor can not surpass 90 ℃ during this period, cable line can carry these loads fully and needn't carry out special operational so.In addition, when the N-1 fault occurs cable line, can all the other circuits bear whole loads maybe can bear great interim emergent load, and these all relate to the cable calculating of emergent current-carrying capacity in real time.
At present, the research and comparison of cable short time excess current is few.The short-circuit current that cable bears within the utmost point short time (several seconds) because of earth fault (short circuit) can be according to the standard of IEC-949 (1988) and IEC-987 (1989).Due to a variety of causes, determine that the cable short-term load-current does not also have ripe standard at present in actual motion, by strict mathematical method, calculate too complexity, its formula does not meet the requirement of engineering calculation yet.There are document utilization finite element method and method of finite difference that underground cable group transient state process is divided into to discrete time step, then utilize the underground cable group temperature field of each time step of finite element method analysis to distribute, provided soil direct-buried cable group's transient-state temperature field distribution, on this basis, utilize Newton iteration method to calculate soil direct-buried cable group's current-carrying capacity in short-term.The part documentation integrators air, two kinds of computing method of laying lower Short-term Load-current for Power Cables of direct-burried, studied the problem such as determining of cable non-full load lower conductor temperature before the wherein selection of soil zoning number, short-time load and with reference to current-carrying capacity, calculate in definite mode of correlation parameter, provide cable and changed the short-term load-current computing formula in the pipeline laying situation in backfill soil and cement tub at direct-burried, and verified its correctness with simple computation.These researchs calculating for excess current under short-circuit conditions, and for other cases of emergency, as N-1 fault or peak of power consumption situation occur, research is but seldom arranged, and once these situations occur, within N-1 fault restoration period or peak times of power consumption, the maximum carrying capacity that cable can bear, in real time emergent current-carrying capacity, significant for dispatching of power netwoks and electric power first-aid.
If cable load increases suddenly for a certain reason, and, after cable reaches hot stable state, can cause conductor temperature to surpass 90 ℃, cable is started to increase to from load the emergent duration of load application that timing definition that the cable conductor temperature reaches 90 ℃ is cable; After determining emergent duration of load application, for example 1 hour, the electric current that makes the cable conductor temperature reach 90 ℃ after 1 hour is defined as to cable emergent current-carrying capacity in real time.Can derive the computing formula of in real time emergent current-carrying capacity according to the Transient Thermal Circuit model of cable system.Calculate scientifically and rationally in real time emergent current-carrying capacity, will reasonably instruct kiowatt to carry out engineering practice.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of prior art with not enough, a kind of power cable computing method of emergent current-carrying capacity in real time are provided, the method is by the distinguishing rule and the computing method that provide, can calculate in real time emergent current-carrying capacity, thus the foundation that provides load to shift for the contingency tasks under emergency case.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of power cable is the computing method of emergent current-carrying capacity in real time, can comprise the steps:
(1) making the cable system Transient Thermal Circuit model of (comprising cable body and surrounding medium), is a heating flow source Q, a thermal resistance T and thermal capacitance C parallel connection by the cable system equivalence, as shown in Figure 1, wherein, θ
cmean the cable conductor temperature, θ
omean environment temperature;
(2) the Transient Thermal Circuit model based on cable system, set up thermal balance equation:
(3) try to achieve the general solution of thermal balance equation:
θ
c(t)=QT+θ
o+Ae
-t/TC；
(4) according to initial condition, during t=0, θ
c(0)=θ
c(0
+), making τ=TC, the conductor temperature expression formula is:
θ
c(t)=QT+θ
o+(θ
c(0
+)-QT-θ
o)e
-t/τ；
(5) expression formula of substitution loss Q: Q=(1+ λ
1+ λ
2) Q
1=(1+ λ
1+ λ
2) I
2r, wherein, Q
1for conductor losses, Q
1=I
2r, I is the cable running current, the AC resistance that R is cable conductor, λ
1and λ
2be respectively the loss of loss, protective metal shell and the armouring of medium, with the scale-up factor of conductor losses, the conductor temperature expression formula can be converted into thus:
θ
c(t)=(1+λ
1+λ
2)I
2RT+θ
o+(θ
c(0
+)-(1+λ
1+λ
2)I
2RT-θ
o)e
-t/τ；
(6), by the expression formula of cable conductor temperature, can derive the expression formula of in real time emergent current-carrying capacity I:
In formula, θ
c(0
+) mean the conductor temperature of initial time.
Therefore physical quantity in hot road has similar corresponding relation to the physical quantity in circuit, can utilize the knowledge of circuit to analyze the thermal behavior of cable, and the Transient Thermal Circuit of cable is similar to resistance, the Capacitance parallel connection circuit in circuit.When cable conductor passes to electric current I, heat conducts to all directions centered by conductor, its thermal process can be come by the hot road of connection in series-parallel of the thermal resistance of each floor of cable and environment, thermal capacitance equivalent, and the value transforms such as process, can make the cable system Transient Thermal Circuit model shown in Fig. 1.
In cable system Transient Thermal Circuit model, the summation that Q is cable conductor loss, dielectric loss, protective metal shell and armouring loss, T is the entire thermal resistance that represents cable body and environment, C is the total thermal capacitance that represents cable body and environment, θ
cmean the cable conductor temperature, θ
omean environment temperature.
τ=TC, have the dimension of time, is called thermal time constant.
In the expression formula of in real time emergent current-carrying capacity I, once calculate environment temperature θ for certain
owith the conductor temperature θ that calculates initial time
c(0
+) be the definite value of measuring or calculating; And, for repeatedly calculating, both meetings are difference with the difference of environmental change and cable ruuning situation, the in real time emergent current-carrying capacity I therefore calculated can be with the real-time change with ruuning situation of real-time environment.
In the expression formula of real-time emergent current-carrying capacity I, when the time length of clear and definite N-1 fault restoration phase or peak times of power consumption, time t is known; Supposition arrives t constantly again, the cable conductor temperature value of reaching capacity, for example ultimate value is 90 ℃, θ c (t)=90 ℃, can obtain under precondition, t constantly in, the maximum carrying capacity that cable can bear, the current-carrying capacity of meeting an urgent need in real time.
Principle of work of the present invention: the present invention is that the Transient Thermal Circuit model with cable system calculates cable emergent current-carrying capacity in real time, structural parameters according to cable, material parameter, and actual laying and ruuning situation, make cable system Transient Thermal Circuit model, based on this model, set up thermal balance equation, try to achieve the general solution of equation, tried to achieve again the expression formula of conductor temperature by starting condition, be converted into the expression formula of in real time emergent current-carrying capacity, can be by measuring or calculate resulting environment temperature and calculating the initial time conductor temperature, time and cable conductor temperature extremes value by N-1 fault restoration phase or peak times of power consumption, calculate cable emergent current-carrying capacity in real time.The invention solves the existing standard of excess current calculating in short-term and be mainly used in the design phase, be not suitable for operation department; Most of computing method are too complicated, do not meet the requirement of engineering calculation; Most of research calculating for excess current under short-circuit conditions, and lack for example, problem for the lower computing method of other cases of emergency (N-1 fault or peak of power consumption situation occur).And algorithm is simple, be easy to grasp, can calculates and make the cable conductor temperature rise to the maximum carrying capacity of ultimate value at certain hour, for dispatching of power netwoks under emergency situations and electric power first-aid provide scientific and reasonable decision-making foundation.
The present invention has following advantage and effect with respect to prior art:
1, by a kind of simple and effective method calculates the in real time emergent current-carrying capacity under emergency situations in operation power, for power scheduling and repairing task provide decision-making foundation;
2, by monitoring cable circuit running environment, calculate in real time cable emergent current-carrying capacity in real time, will definitely grasp the cable line running status, while avoiding circuit heavy service, in the situation that cable still has nargin to carry out the conservative operations such as power cuts to limit consumption, reduce unnecessary economy and social loss.；
3, by calculating in real time the in real time emergent current-carrying capacity of cable line, can grasp the current-carrying capacity nargin of cable line.For example, within peak times of power consumption, emergent current-carrying capacity is low in real time than the cable that calculates gained for actual load, illustrates that current cable line not yet reaches the maximum carrying capacity that can bear, and has and continues the space promoted.This will be conducive to improve the asset utilization ratio of cable line;
4, computing method of the present invention are simple, are easy to grasp, and are convenient to promote.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the power cable of the present invention cable system Transient Thermal Circuit illustraton of model of emergent current-carrying capacity computing method in real time.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.
Embodiment
Power cable of the present invention is emergent current-carrying capacity computing method in real time, by following step, realize:
(1) making the cable system Transient Thermal Circuit model of (comprising cable body and surrounding medium), is a heating flow source Q, a thermal resistance T and thermal capacitance C parallel connection by the cable system equivalence, as shown in Figure 1, wherein, θ
cmean the cable conductor temperature, θ
omean environment temperature;
(2) the Transient Thermal Circuit model based on cable system, set up thermal balance equation:
(3) try to achieve the general solution of thermal balance equation:
θ
c(t)=QT+θ
o+Ae
-t/TC；
(4) according to initial condition, during t=0, θ
c(0)=θ
c(0
+), making τ=TC, the conductor temperature expression formula is:
θ
c(t)=QT+θ
o+(θ
c(0
+)-QT-θ
o)e
-t/τ；
(5) expression formula of substitution loss Q: Q=(1+ λ
1+ λ
2) Q
1=(1+ λ
1+ λ
2) I
2r, wherein, Q
1for conductor losses, Q
1=I
2r, I is the cable running current, the AC resistance that R is cable conductor, λ
1and λ
2be respectively the loss of loss, protective metal shell and the armouring of medium, with the scale-up factor of conductor losses, the conductor temperature expression formula can be converted into thus:
θ
c(t)=(1+λ
1+λ
2)I
2RT+θ
o+(θ
c(0
+)-(1+λ
1+λ
2)I
2RT-θ
o)e
-t/τ；
(6), by the expression formula of cable conductor temperature, can derive the expression formula of in real time emergent current-carrying capacity I:
In formula, θ
c(0
+) mean the conductor temperature of initial time.
Therefore physical quantity in hot road has similar corresponding relation to the physical quantity in circuit, can utilize the knowledge of circuit to analyze the thermal behavior of cable, and the Transient Thermal Circuit of cable is similar to resistance, the Capacitance parallel connection circuit in circuit.When cable conductor passes to electric current I, heat conducts to all directions centered by conductor, its thermal process can be come by the hot road of connection in series-parallel of the thermal resistance of each floor of cable and environment, thermal capacitance equivalent, and the value transforms such as process, can make the cable system Transient Thermal Circuit model shown in Fig. 1.
In cable system Transient Thermal Circuit model, the summation that Q is cable conductor loss, dielectric loss, protective metal shell and armouring loss, T is the entire thermal resistance that represents cable body and environment, C is the total thermal capacitance that represents cable body and environment, θ
cmean the cable conductor temperature, θ
omean environment temperature.
τ=TC, have the dimension of time, is called thermal time constant.
In the expression formula of in real time emergent current-carrying capacity I, once calculate environment temperature θ for certain
owith the conductor temperature θ that calculates initial time
c(0
+) be the definite value of measuring or calculating; And, for repeatedly calculating, both meetings are difference with the difference of environmental change and cable ruuning situation, the in real time emergent current-carrying capacity I therefore calculated can be with the real-time change with ruuning situation of real-time environment.
In the expression formula of real-time emergent current-carrying capacity I, when the time length of clear and definite N-1 fault restoration phase or peak times of power consumption, time t is known; Supposition arrives t constantly again, the cable conductor temperature value of reaching capacity, and for example ultimate value is 90 ℃, i.e. θ
c(t)=90 ℃, can obtain under precondition, t constantly in, the maximum carrying capacity that cable can bear, i.e. emergent current-carrying capacity in real time.
Above-described embodiment is preferably embodiment of the present invention; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; other any do not deviate from change, the modification done under Spirit Essence of the present invention and principle, substitutes, combination, simplify; all should be equivalent substitute mode, within being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the power cable computing method of emergent current-carrying capacity in real time, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) building the Transient Thermal Circuit model of cable system, is a heating flow source Q, a thermal resistance T and thermal capacitance C parallel connection by the cable system equivalence, wherein, and θ
cmean the cable conductor temperature, θ
omean environment temperature;
(2) the Transient Thermal Circuit model based on cable system, set up thermal balance equation:
(3) try to achieve the general solution of thermal balance equation: θ
c(t)=QT+ θ
o+ Ae
-t/TC;
(4) according to initial condition, during t=0, θ c (0)=θ c (0
+), making τ=TC, the conductor temperature expression formula is: θ
c(t)=QT+ θ
o+ (θ
c(0
+)-QT-θ
o) e
-t/ τ;
(5) expression formula of substitution loss Q: Q=(1+ λ
1+ λ
2) Q
1=(1+ λ
1+ λ
2) I
2r, wherein, Q
1for conductor losses, Q
1=I
2r, I is the cable running current, the AC resistance that R is cable conductor, λ
1and λ
2be respectively the loss of loss, protective metal shell and the armouring of medium, with the scale-up factor of conductor losses, the conductor temperature expression formula can be converted into thus:
θ
c(t)=(1+λ
1+λ
2)I
2RT+θ
o+(θ
c(0
+)-(1+λ
1+λ
2)I
2RT-θ
o)e
-t/τ；
(6), by the expression formula of cable conductor temperature, can derive the expression formula of in real time emergent current-carrying capacity I:
In formula, θ
c(0
+) mean the conductor temperature of initial time.
2. power cable according to claim 1 computing method of emergent current-carrying capacity in real time, it is characterized in that: in described step (1), when cable conductor passes to electric current I, heat conducts to all directions centered by conductor, the heat conductive process comes equivalent by the thermal resistance of each floor of cable and environment, the hot road of connection in series-parallel of thermal capacitance, the value transforms such as process, build cable system Transient Thermal Circuit model.
3. power cable according to claim 1 computing method of emergent current-carrying capacity in real time, it is characterized in that: in described step (1), the summation that the Q of cable system Transient Thermal Circuit model is cable conductor loss, dielectric loss, protective metal shell and armouring loss, T is the entire thermal resistance that represents cable body and environment, and C is the total thermal capacitance that represents cable body and environment.
4. power cable according to claim 1 computing method of emergent current-carrying capacity in real time is characterized in that: in described step (4), and τ=TC, τ is thermal time constant.
5. the power cable according to claim 1 computing method of emergent current-carrying capacity in real time, is characterized in that: in described step (6), in described in real time emergent current-carrying capacity I expression formula, once calculate environment temperature θ for certain
owith the conductor temperature θ c (0 that calculates initial time
+) be the definite value of measuring or calculating.
6. power cable according to claim 1 computing method of emergent current-carrying capacity in real time, it is characterized in that: in the in real time emergent current-carrying capacity I expression formula of described step (6), when the time length of clear and definite N-1 fault restoration phase or peak times of power consumption, time t is known; Supposition arrives t constantly again, and the cable conductor temperature value of reaching capacity, when getting ultimate value while being 90 ℃, is obtained under precondition t real-time current-carrying capacity of meeting an urgent need constantly.
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| CN104915469A (en) * | 2015-04-17 | 2015-09-16 | 国家电网公司 | Simple method for calculating short-term maximum allowable overload current of submarine electric power cable |
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| CN107843783A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-03-27 | 广州供电局有限公司 | The detection method and system of the emergent load current-carrying capacity of power cable |
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| CN104407247A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2015-03-11 | 广州供电局有限公司 | Method and device for determining carrying capacity of two parallel direct-buried cables |
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| CN114167235A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-11 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Insulation state evaluation method and device of high-voltage cable based on heat capacity change |
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