CN1034395A - Non-polluting treating-agent for aluminium alloys and compound method - Google Patents
Non-polluting treating-agent for aluminium alloys and compound method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1034395A CN1034395A CN 88100182 CN88100182A CN1034395A CN 1034395 A CN1034395 A CN 1034395A CN 88100182 CN88100182 CN 88100182 CN 88100182 A CN88100182 A CN 88100182A CN 1034395 A CN1034395 A CN 1034395A
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Abstract
The nuisanceless refinement and denaturation primary treatment of a kind of aluminium alloy agent, solved and failed the disadvantage of the generation toxic gas, flue dust and the irritating smell that overcome when the rotten primary treatment agent of conventional aluminum refining and modifying is used for a long time, the present invention adopts the component of multiple salt to mix, with low cost, effectively deteriorating time is long, can once finish the refinement and denaturation of aluminium alloy is handled, aluminium alloy pinhole rate and the mechanical property handled through the present invention meet navigation mark and GB well.
Description
The invention belongs to field of metallurgy, relate to the nuisanceless refinement and denaturation primary treatment of a kind of novel aluminium alloy agent.
The alloy refining alterant is the solid-state flux that aluminium alloy smelting must use, and it is made up of the mixture of multiple salt.The purpose of using it is the gas of getting rid of in the aluminum alloy melt, mainly is hydrogen, and gets rid of the non-metallic inclusion in the aluminum alloy melt; In addition also will be with the metallographic structure refinement in addition of alloy.The former is called refining, and the latter is called rotten.Traditional practice is (as C with villaumite
2Cl
6) do refining agent, cook alterant with sodium salt.Though make to guarantee the quality of aluminium casting like this, public hazards are serious, produce Cl when using the villaumite refining agent
2, HCl, HF, AlCl
3Etc. a large amount of toxic gases, Dark smoke billows during operation, the heavy corrosion plant and equipment, and contaminate environment causes operator's occupational illness, and the harm workman is healthy.China has carried out the research work of nuisanceless refining deterioration agent in late nineteen seventies, obtains many scientific payoffss, a collection of commercial product occurred.Such as the nontoxic refinement and denaturation comprehensive treatment agent of aluminum silicon alloy (referring to the 10th～18 page of " foundry work " magazine the 1st phase of nineteen eighty-two) that with SODIUMNITRATE, carbon, carbonate is major ingredient; Also have a kind of by NaCO
3, KNO
3, the treatment agent formed such as C, Mg powder and occur subsequently with NaNO
3, C be the base nuisanceless refining agent and with Na
2CO
3The Mg powder is the nuisanceless alterant of base.Though above-mentioned treatment agent has in use reduced use C
2Cl
6The time public hazards, but alloy is had the aerating effect, refining effect is poor, must can not be suitable for by the aluminium casting of GB or navigation mark quality inspection for some.
Russian patent SU-981411 has proposed a kind of refinement and denaturation primary treatment agent, adopts C
2Cl
6, NaCl, KCl and NaF, KBF
4, K
2TiF
6Deng the refinement and denaturation primary treatment agent of constituent element as aluminium alloy.But this patent contains the C of 10-25%
2Cl
6, operating process still produces HCl, Cl
2, etc. toxic gas, do not solve nuisanceless problem, in addition, contain K in this patent
2TiF
6, KBF
4Such expensive material, the cost height.
The purpose of this invention is to provide the nuisanceless refinement and denaturation primary treatment of a kind of novel aluminium alloy agent, it not only can guarantee the refinement and denaturation effect, be suitable for producing the high-quality Al foundry goods that meets GB, navigation mark regulation, and can eliminate public hazards, reach smokeless, tasteless, dustless basically ideal effect, can also reduce cost simultaneously, reduce the molten consumption of alloy.
The present invention is achieved in that by the multiple salt composition mixture that comprises KCl, NaCl and NaF, is characterized in, comprises Na in the mixture
2SiF
6, BaSO
4And MgCO
3, the weight percentage ranges of various salts is:
Na
2SiF
61～4，NaCl 30～50，
KCl????8～15，NaF????10～20，
BaSO
45～15，MgCO
310～30，
Wherein, the refining effect is by constituent element and fusing assistant constituent element, the i.e. MgCO of getting angry
3, Na
2SiF
6, BaSO
4With NaCl, KCl, NaF, Na
2SiF
6Form respectively that gas and refining flux realize, thereby realized the nuisanceless refining effect that the present invention pursued, it is to be noted MgCO
3Be solid-state nontoxic foaming agent, it and BaSO
4Be not adopt the exhausted constituent element of getting angry at home and abroad in employed up to now refining, the alterant as yet, and cheap, but have the ability of efficiency refining high, because MgCO
3, BaSO
4Mix equably with the minimum combination salt in infiltration angle, in 690-730 ℃ aluminium liquid, be subjected to trace of Al F again
3, HF, SO
3, SiF
4Deng the protection of non-oxidized gas, just produced gas-flux mixing purified effect this moment, can remove hydrogen and other gases of being dissolved in the aluminium liquid, again because MgCO
3Can adsorb automatically during the bubble floating that produces with the effect of aluminium liquid and be mingled with, simultaneously NaCl, KCl, Na
2SiF
6Combination salt can in aluminium liquid, infiltrate oxide film and oxide film is squeezed broken pushing in the flux, so not only improved the elimination ability of flux, and make the slag of generation be easy to separate with aluminium liquid to being mingled with, reduced the molten consumption of aluminium liquid.Above-mentioned non-oxidizable bubble is the medium-term and long-term problem of exploring of aluminum refining agent theoretical investigation and practice, the present invention has found the mechanism of this non-oxidizable bubble generation and has realized it, so could replace the current C that generally acknowledges with refining constituent element of the present invention
2Cl
6This best refining agent confirms that through test gas-flux-refining effect is as follows:
BaSO among the present invention
4With NaF, Na
2SiF
6, be the constituent element that produces alterant element Ba and Na, they play the metamorphism of refinement alloy structure, and because the long-acting metamorphism of Ba element can make the present invention reach 2 hours rotten working lipe, observe through microscopic test, deteriorating time extends to 3 hours and still can keep fabulous rotten tissue.Through multiple authentication, the metamorphic reaction of Ba and Na element is as follows:
If wish to accelerate the refinement and denaturation process, can add enhancing heating constituent element NaNO
3With the C(Graphite Powder 99) their weight percent (%) is respectively 1-3,0.1-0.3.Use the present invention aluminium alloy to be carried out the refinement and denaturation primary treatment agent of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry's development of refinement and denaturation primary treatment and domestic goodsization and refinement and denaturation primary treatment agent that russian patent SU-981411 provides relatively, have tangible advantage and satisfied effect: owing to the present invention does not adopt C
2Cl
6And adopted MgCO
3And BaSO
4Constituent element has overcome at all that Dark smoke billows in the refinement and denaturation process, irritating smell is arranged and the disadvantage of dirt piece is arranged, and uses the present invention, and the scene can local exhausting, and the fusing Working environment is improved at all, uses C
2Cl
6When the former technology of treatment agent, occupational illness such as the normal pectoralgia of suffering from of workman, spitting of blood, throat lump are eliminated now.Health and epidemic prevention station and Xi'an health and epidemic prevention stand under the same terms of different areas through Beijing's environmental protection institute, Huangpu, Shanghai City, Luwan, Xuhui District etc.; furnace gas toxicity is measured; the result all is starkly lower than the workshop hygiene standard TJ36-79 of national regulation; so the present invention is healthy to the protection workman, eliminating plant and equipment corrosion and environmental pollution has remarkable effect.The present invention does not adopt expensive component such as K in addition
2TiF
6, KBF
4Deng, so use cost of the present invention obviously to reduce, the per kilogram price only is equivalent to use C now
2Cl
6With 20% of ternary alterant, even according to also only being equivalent to original 60% after the budget commercialization.The selected component of the present invention also has slaggability preferably, so aluminium liquid is easy to separate with slag, molten consumption of alloy and domestic like product relatively are minimum.
The method of the nuisanceless refinement and denaturation primary treatment of preparation aluminium alloy agent is: with NaCl, KClNaF, BaSO
4, Na
2SiF
6, per-cent uniform mixing by weight, place to be lower than under 500 ℃ of atmosphere baking and to be no less than 4 hours, with MgCO
3Weighing in proportion places to be lower than to toast under 250 ℃ of atmosphere to be no less than 4 hours, will place the mixing machine thorough mixing of closed cover through the above-mentioned substance of baking, generally can mix about 30 minutes, places then to be lower than to toast under 250 ℃ of atmosphere to be no less than 4 hours.Should note keeping the dry and cleaning of equipment in the process for preparation, the water content of treatment agent should should note preventing deliquescence less than 0.07% during storage, preferably being stored in the baking oven of special-purpose flux baking oven arranged.
Preparation contains NaNO
3And the method for the nuisanceless refinement and denaturation primary treatment of the aluminium alloy agent of Graphite Powder 99 (C), with Graphite Powder 99 (C) and NaCl, KCl, NaF, BaSO
4Na
2SiF
6Weight percent weighs up and uniform mixing by forming, and places to be lower than to toast under 500 ℃ of atmosphere to be no less than 4 hours, with NaNO
3With MgCO
3Weighing and uniform mixing place to be lower than to toast under 250 ℃ of atmosphere to be no less than 4 hours in proportion, and the material that will obtain from above-mentioned steps places the mixing machine thorough mixing of closed cover, places to be lower than to toast under 250 ℃ of atmosphere to be no less than 4 hours again.The purity of raw materials of being mentioned in the above-mentioned compound method uses technical pure to get final product.
The using method of the nuisanceless refinement and denaturation primary treatment of aluminium alloy agent, processed aluminium alloy is heated to 690～730 ℃, the treatment agent that accounts for weight alloy 0.8～2.5% is evenly placed the aluminium alloy liquid level, be no less than 6 minutes with artificial or mechanical stirring device stirring, treatment agent fully contacted with aluminum alloy melt get final product.In aluminum alloy melt, add treatment agent and stir after can cast again static for some time, be not more than 5 minutes rest time and got final product.If prolong rest time, then refining effect is better.
In order to guarantee the quality of aluminium casting, can do the check of following stokehold, at first measure the water content of treatment agent of the present invention, should be less than 0.07%, as drying processing because of deliquescence when undesirable, bake out temperature is lower than 250 ℃; To the aluminium liquid of handling with treatment agent of the present invention, can do the decompression setting test, sampling in 80 kilograms of aluminium liquid (aluminum alloy melt), measuring its anti-vacuum tightness with aluminium liquid survey device of air should be smaller or equal to 35 torr.
Use treatment agent of the present invention, 80 kilograms of molten heavy aluminium alloys are done primary treatment can finish refining and rotten two procedures, when alloy molten focuses on 125～250 kilograms, will replenish the smart processing that becomes.Through the aluminum alloy casting that treatment agent of the present invention is handled, its pinhole rate can reach 1～2 grade by the navigation mark check.
Embodiments of the invention can further specify its advantage and effect.
Embodiment 1
Use NaCl37%+KCl15%+Na
2SiF
63%+NaF12%+BaSO
410%+MgCO
323% is the refinement and denaturation primary treatment agent for preparing of component, handles ZL104, and concrete operations and effect are as follows:
With ZL104 foundry returns and dead head (50+30) kilogram material, just place 80 kilograms of electrical crucibles without the cleaning preheating, when sending electrically heated to make aluminium liquid be warming up to 730 ℃, get the present invention and be pressed in the aluminium liquid, at the low slow mobile bell jar of stove for the heavy narrow meshed box-like bell jar of 1.6% usefulness of furnace charge, shake simultaneously or mobile, flux is fully contacted with aluminium liquid,, take the part scum silica frost off through 7-9 minute, static 4-5 minute, casting immediately.Can see after adding flux, a large amount of bubbles aluminium liquid of constantly overflowing was arranged in 3-5 minute, bubble reduces subsequently, liquid level produces minimum naked light, observe aluminium liquid top with eyes, lose any coloured gas, also lose any cigarette, dirt is overflowed by liquid level, agitate the hot gas flow of aluminium liquid top to smell news with hand, do not have irritating smell.The part of casting and the square sample of 80 * 80mm have carried out low power and mechanical performance test, the 100% pin hole 1-2 level requirement that meets HB5210-82 as a result, and mechanical property also meets the navigation mark regulation.This flux also can be used to handle ZL101, ZL105, and ZL201, ZL301 etc. suitably take by weighing the flux consumption according to differing materials.
Embodiment 2
Use NaCl40%+KCl12%+Na
2SiF
64%+NaF10%+BaSO
413%+MgCO
320%+NaNO
30.8%+C0.2% is the refinement and denaturation primary treatment agent of component, and the 2L101 molten aluminium alloy is handled, and concrete operations and effect are as follows:
Furnace charge is packed into behind 70 kilograms of electrical crucibles, when sending electrically heated to make aluminium liquid be warming up to 690-710 ℃, take by weighing furnace charge and weigh 1.12% flux, evenly be sprinkled into the alloy liquid level, with bell jar flux be pressed into alloy liquid level about 100-150 millimeter depths at the bottom of the crucible then, move up and down lentamente, through 7-9 minute, take the part scum silica frost off, static 3-5 minute, casting immediately.In the entire operation process on-the-spot smokeless, dustless, have no irritating odor; With air content in the decompression coagulation system on-the-spot sample analysis alloy liquid, and use C
2Cl
6The time result suitable, observe metal mold coupon fracture, than using C
2Cl
6Coupon fracture crystal grain after the refining is thin, and nothing is mingled with.
Test shows, inorganic agent of the present invention affects ratio C to the aluminum alloy chemically composition2Cl
6Refining agent and ternary alterant are less when processing, and the Mg in the alloy and Fe are substantially unchanged before and after processing.
Subordinate list provides the combination property with respective samples behind the inorganic agent processing ZL 101 alloy of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1, the nuisanceless refinement and denaturation primary treatment of aluminium alloy agent is made up of the multiple salt that comprises KCl, NaCl and NaF, it is characterized in that, also comprises Na
2SiF
6, BaSO
4And MgCO
3, its weight percentage ranges is:
Na
2SiF
61～4， NaCl 30～50，
KCl?????8～15，?NaF???10～20，
BaSO
45～15， MgCO
310～30。
2, treatment agent according to claim 1 is characterized in that containing NaNO
3And Graphite Powder 99 (C), its weight percentage ranges is:
NaNO
31～3, Graphite Powder 99 (C) 0.1～0.3.
3, the method for the nuisanceless refinement and denaturation primary treatment of preparation aluminium alloy agent is characterized in that,
(1), with NaCl, KCl, NaF, BaSO
4, Na
2SiF
6, by forming the weight percent uniform mixing, baking is no less than 4 hours under 500 ℃ of atmosphere being lower than,
(2), with MgCO
3Weighing in proportion is no less than 4 hours being lower than under 250 ℃ of atmosphere baking,
(3), step (1) and (2) said material are placed the mixing machine thorough mixing of closed cover, place again and be lower than that baking is no less than 4 hours under 250 ℃ of atmosphere.
4, preparation contains NaNO
3And the method for the nuisanceless refinement and denaturation primary treatment of the aluminium alloy agent of Graphite Powder 99 (C), it is characterized in that,
(1), with Graphite Powder 99 (C) and NaCl, KCl, NaF, BaSO
4, Na
2SiF
6Be no less than 4 hours by forming the weight percent uniform mixing, place to be lower than to toast under 500 ℃ of atmosphere,
(2), with NaNO
3With MgCO
3Weighing and uniform mixing place to be lower than to toast under 250 ℃ of atmosphere to be no less than 4 hours in proportion,
(3), step (1) and (2) said material are placed the mixing machine thorough mixing of closed cover, place again and be lower than that baking is no less than 4 hours under 250 ℃ of atmosphere.
5, the nuisanceless refinement and denaturation of aluminium alloy, the using method of primary treatment agent is heated to 690～730 ℃ to processed aluminium alloy, it is characterized in that,
(1), the treatment agent that will account for weight alloy 0.8～2.5% evenly places the aluminium alloy liquid level,
(2), stir with artificial or mechanical stirring device and to be no less than 6 minutes, treatment agent is fully contacted with aluminum alloy melt.
6, using method according to claim 5 is characterized in that, adds treatment agent and stir static for some time of back and cast in aluminum alloy melt, is not more than 5 minutes rest time.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 88100182 CN1014905B (en) | 1988-01-22 | 1988-01-22 | Non-polluting treating-agent for aluminium alloys and method of its preparation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 88100182 CN1014905B (en) | 1988-01-22 | 1988-01-22 | Non-polluting treating-agent for aluminium alloys and method of its preparation |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1034395A true CN1034395A (en) | 1989-08-02 |
| CN1014905B CN1014905B (en) | 1991-11-27 |
Family
ID=4831217
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 88100182 Expired CN1014905B (en) | 1988-01-22 | 1988-01-22 | Non-polluting treating-agent for aluminium alloys and method of its preparation |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1014905B (en) |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101942579A (en) * | 2010-10-14 | 2011-01-12 | 宁波翔博机械有限公司 | Additive for aluminum alloy fusant and addition method thereof |
| CN102031404A (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2011-04-27 | 西安航空动力控制科技有限公司 | Modifying method for refining aluminum casting alloy |
| CN102226239A (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2011-10-26 | 华南理工大学 | Refining flux used for purifying and processing aluminum or aluminum alloy melt, and its preparation method |
| CN103736977A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-04-23 | 金陵科技学院 | Method for casting aluminum alloy |
| CN104120293A (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2014-10-29 | Smc(中国)有限公司 | Refining composition and smelting method of aluminum or aluminum alloy |
| CN104212992A (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2014-12-17 | 辽宁忠旺集团有限公司 | Experimental aluminum alloy refining method |
| CN104928515A (en) * | 2015-06-01 | 2015-09-23 | 上海交通大学 | Fusing agent for non-vacuum casting zinc alloy, and preparation method |
| CN108130440A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2018-06-08 | 铜山县超特有色金属添加剂厂 | A kind of smokeless refining agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN111945021A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-11-17 | 闽南理工学院 | Solvent and method for purifying A356 aluminum alloy |
-
1988
- 1988-01-22 CN CN 88100182 patent/CN1014905B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101942579A (en) * | 2010-10-14 | 2011-01-12 | 宁波翔博机械有限公司 | Additive for aluminum alloy fusant and addition method thereof |
| CN101942579B (en) * | 2010-10-14 | 2011-11-30 | 宁波翔博机械有限公司 | Additive for aluminum alloy fusant and addition method thereof |
| CN102031404A (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2011-04-27 | 西安航空动力控制科技有限公司 | Modifying method for refining aluminum casting alloy |
| CN102031404B (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2012-07-04 | 西安航空动力控制科技有限公司 | Modifying method for refining aluminum casting alloy |
| CN102226239A (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2011-10-26 | 华南理工大学 | Refining flux used for purifying and processing aluminum or aluminum alloy melt, and its preparation method |
| CN102226239B (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2013-02-13 | 华南理工大学 | Refining flux used for purifying and processing aluminum or aluminum alloy melt, and preparation method thereof |
| CN103736977A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-04-23 | 金陵科技学院 | Method for casting aluminum alloy |
| CN103736977B (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2016-01-27 | 金陵科技学院 | A kind of method of Birmasil |
| CN104120293A (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2014-10-29 | Smc(中国)有限公司 | Refining composition and smelting method of aluminum or aluminum alloy |
| CN104212992A (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2014-12-17 | 辽宁忠旺集团有限公司 | Experimental aluminum alloy refining method |
| CN104928515A (en) * | 2015-06-01 | 2015-09-23 | 上海交通大学 | Fusing agent for non-vacuum casting zinc alloy, and preparation method |
| CN108130440A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2018-06-08 | 铜山县超特有色金属添加剂厂 | A kind of smokeless refining agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN111945021A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-11-17 | 闽南理工学院 | Solvent and method for purifying A356 aluminum alloy |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1014905B (en) | 1991-11-27 |
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