CN103437835A - Device and method for conducting high pressure cylinder warming on gas-steam combined cycle unit - Google Patents
Device and method for conducting high pressure cylinder warming on gas-steam combined cycle unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN103437835A CN103437835A CN2013103852418A CN201310385241A CN103437835A CN 103437835 A CN103437835 A CN 103437835A CN 2013103852418 A CN2013103852418 A CN 2013103852418A CN 201310385241 A CN201310385241 A CN 201310385241A CN 103437835 A CN103437835 A CN 103437835A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and method for conducting high pressure cylinder warming on a gas-steam combined cycle unit. The device comprises a reflux cylinder warming passage, a reflux valve and a reflux exhaust valve. The reflux cylinder warming passage is communicated with a steam source of reflux cylinder warming steam and a high pressure cylinder, the heat of the reflux cylinder warming steam is transferred to the high pressure cylinder when the reflux cylinder warming steam flows through the reflux cylinder warming passage, and therefore metal temperature of the high pressure cylinder is increased; the reflux valve is arranged on the reflux cylinder warming passage and located between the high pressure cylinder and the steam source of the reflux cylinder warming steam, the reflux valve is opened when the preset condition is met, and reflux cylinder warming steam enters the high pressure cylinder through the reflux valve; the reflux exhaust valve is arranged between the high pressure cylinder and a condenser, and the reflux cylinder warming steam in the high pressure cylinder is exhausted to the condenser. According to the device and method for conducting high pressure cylinder warming on the gas-steam combined cycle unit, existing equipment is utilized to the maximum, meanwhile, cylinder warming efficiency is improved, cylinder warming time is reduced, the service life of the unit is prolonged, and the purpose of energy conservation and emission reduction is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cold start of combustion and steam Combined Cycle Unit, particularly the combustion and steam Combined Cycle Unit is carried out the apparatus and method of the warm cylinder of high-pressure cylinder when cold start.
Background technique
The working procedure of gas turbine is: gas compressor is air amount by its compression from atmosphere continuously; Air after compression enters firing chamber, and the fuel mix after-combustion with spraying into, become high-temperature fuel gas, and high-temperature fuel gas enters combustion gas turbine expansion acting, drives generator output electric energy.
The combustion and steam Combined Cycle Unit is exactly that gas turbine is discharged to exhaust heat boiler by high temperature residual air, high temperature residual air heating heating surface in exhaust heat boiler, make the water in tube panel generate the superheated vapor that is up to 650 ℃, described superheated vapor is sent to the steam turbine acting, drive steam turbine generator output electric energy, the exhaust of gas turbine enters after vapour condenser is condensed into water and again sends exhaust heat boiler participation steam/water circulating back to.
The steam turbine of combustion and steam Combined Cycle Unit generally has three kinds of Starting mode:
(1) gas turbine Starting mode, single shaft gas Steam Combined Cycle steam turbine set adopts this kind of Starting mode, be after gas turbine starts, because the high pressure of gas turbine, middle pressure and low pressure (LP) cylinder are coaxial with gas turbine, therefore also be driven idle running, open subsequently the main vapour of middle pressure of gas turbine and adjust valve and high temperature main steam (hereinafter to be referred as high temperature master vapour) to adjust valve to make gas turbine work, in unlatching, press main vapour to adjust valve and high temperature master vapour to adjust time and the condition of valve generally not identical;
(2) Start-up Mode for Intermediate Pressure, first start gas turbine in such cases, and now steam turbine does not turn, and then opens the main vapour of middle pressure and adjust valve, and steam impulsion intermediate pressure cylinder rotarily drives whole steam turbine, and load is opened high-pressure cylinder after meeting certain condition again;
(3) high pressure combined launch mode, the combustion and steam combination circulation steam turbine because the present invention does not relate to this kind of Starting mode, therefore omit the introduction to this Starting mode.
In above-mentioned first two Starting mode, when opening the air inlet of high temperature main vapour valve, the wall temperature of high-pressure cylinder will reach uniform temperature.Because for guaranteeing gas turbine stable operation, the master who the enters high-pressure cylinder temperature of steam again can not be less than 371 ℃.If temperature and the wall temperature temperature difference are larger, will make the high pressure rotor surface produce larger thermal stress, and the temperature difference greatly also makes rotor surface temperature rise rapidly, causes the temperature difference of surface and center hole to increase fast, the stress of rotor bore sharply increases, all by the life-span of large lossy steam turbine.
Generally speaking, Combined Cycle Unit is shut down and is surpassed after 72 hours, and the metal of unit returns to lower temperature, if now start Combined Cycle Unit be called as " cold start ".In cold start, because the original wall temperature of high-pressure cylinder is very low, so open when high temperature master vapour is adjusted valve, to first to high-pressure cylinder, warm up cylinder.In prior art, the general time that adopts the prolongation high-pressure cylinder to dally is realized warm cylinder.Air blast friction during idle running and gland steam can improve the wall temperature of high-pressure cylinder.But the high-pressure cylinder during due to idle running is in vacuum state, high pressure rotor movable vane size is shorter, the warming-up effect is poor, and this kind of mode extended the unit starting time, increased the working time of gas turbine under running on the lower load, cause the low and gas turbine lost of life of unit efficiency, Economy is poor, and, when unit is worked under running on the lower load, can discharge more waste gas, main component NO
x, CO, CO
2.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the warm cylinder technology of efficient high-pressure cylinder of the warm cylinder of a kind of adverse current, can improve warm cylinder efficiency and reduce the warm cylinder time, therefore can shorten the gas turbine underrun time, make unit durability loss and environment protection emission situation that larger improvement be arranged.The structure of existing combustion and steam Combined Cycle Unit that the present invention simultaneously is multiplexing greatly.
For achieving the above object, a kind of device that the combustion and steam Combined Cycle Unit is carried out to the warm cylinder of high-pressure cylinder is provided according to an aspect of the present invention, described device comprises: adverse current warms up the cylinder path, vapour source and the described high-pressure cylinder of the warm cylinder steam of the warm cylinder path of described adverse current UNICOM's adverse current, the warm cylinder steam of described adverse current is when flowing through the warm cylinder path of described adverse current, transfer heat to described high-pressure cylinder, the metal temperature of described high-pressure cylinder is raise; Reflux valve, be arranged on the warm cylinder path of described adverse current, between the vapour source of described high-pressure cylinder and the warm cylinder steam of described adverse current, when meeting described reflux valve when pre-conditioned, is opened, and the warm cylinder steam of described adverse current enters described high-pressure cylinder by described reflux valve; The adverse current escape cock, be arranged between described high-pressure cylinder and vapour condenser, for the warm cylinder steam of the described adverse current by described high-pressure cylinder, drains into described vapour condenser.
Most of combustion and steam Combined Cycle Unit all is useful on the adverse current loop of cooling high-pressure cylinder, so on device, reusable should be for cooling adverse current loop in the present invention, the reflux valve the present invention relates to and adverse current escape cock be reflux valve and the adverse current escape cock of this cooling circuit of reusable all.
The combustion and steam Combined Cycle Unit of part small displacement does not have above-mentioned cooling circuit, but the combustion and steam Combined Cycle Unit has the valve that connects high-pressure cylinder and vapour condenser, the valve of described connection high-pressure cylinder and vapour condenser is called as the adverse current escape cock in some unit, be called as drain valve in other units, therefore for the unit that there is no cooling circuit, the adverse current escape cock the present invention relates to is the original adverse current escape cock of reusable unit or drain valve still, only on high-pressure cylinder, installs a valve that connects the vapour source of high-pressure cylinder and the warm cylinder steam of adverse current additional and gets final product.
Interchangeable, the cold steam again in the high pressure turbine by that the warm cylinder steam of above-mentioned adverse current is high-pressure cylinder, cold steam again or other vapour sources of adjacent machine.
Especially, the unlatching reflux valve of measuring for an embodiment of the invention pre-conditioned: gas turbine reach certain rotating speed simultaneously the high-pressure cylinder metal temperature reach uniform temperature, preferably, the described pre-conditioned rotating speed that comprises described high-pressure cylinder reach described high-pressure cylinder rated speed more than 75% and the metal temperature of high-pressure cylinder higher than 100 °F.According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of method of the combustion and steam Combined Cycle Unit being carried out to the warm cylinder of high-pressure cylinder is provided, described method comprises: when described high-pressure cylinder meets when pre-conditioned, open reflux valve, described reflux valve is arranged on the valve between the vapour source of the warm cylinder steam of described high-pressure cylinder and adverse current, and the warm cylinder steam of described adverse current enters described high-pressure cylinder by described reflux valve; The warm cylinder vapor stream of described adverse current is crossed described high-pressure cylinder, and transfers heat to described high-pressure cylinder, and the metal temperature of described high-pressure cylinder is raise; The warm cylinder steam of described adverse current that flows through described high-pressure cylinder drains into condenser by the adverse current escape cock, and described adverse current escape cock is arranged between described high-pressure cylinder and described condenser.
Preferably, described method further comprises, after utilizing the warm cylinder steam of described adverse current to realize the warm cylinder of described high-pressure cylinder adverse current, opens gradually the high pressure main stop valve door and closes gradually the high pressure turbine by valve simultaneously; And, after described cold start completes, close described adverse current escape cock.
Preferably, described method further is included in the warm cylinder steam of described adverse current by the pre-treatment step before described high-pressure cylinder, and described pre-treatment step comprises: start gas turbine and make in exhaust heat boiler to produce high temperature master vapour; Make described high temperature master vapour through steam turbine, now described high temperature master vapour is through high pressure turbine by and intermediate pressure by-pass but not high-pressure cylinder and intermediate pressure cylinder; And open gradually middle pressure main vapour valve and close the intermediate pressure by-pass valve after high temperature master vapour meet the inlet air conditions of described intermediate pressure cylinder, make heat again steam enter described intermediate pressure cylinder impulsion rotor, until that described high-pressure cylinder meets is pre-conditioned.
The present invention can improve warm cylinder efficiency and reduce the warm cylinder time in multiplexing existing equipment to greatest extent, extends unit working life and reaches the purpose of energy-saving and emission-reduction.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing shows an embodiment of the invention in the mode of example.Identical reference character means same or analogous parts.
Fig. 1 shows, according to an embodiment of the invention, the combustion and steam Combined Cycle Unit is carried out to the schematic diagram of the device of the warm cylinder of high-pressure cylinder;
Fig. 2 shows the combustion and steam Combined Cycle Unit according to the employing Start-up Mode for Intermediate Pressure of an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 shows the single shaft gas Steam Combined Cycle unit according to the employing gas turbine Starting mode of an embodiment of the invention; And
Fig. 4 shows, according to an embodiment of the invention, the combustion and steam Combined Cycle Unit is carried out to the flow chart of the method for the warm cylinder of high-pressure cylinder.
Description of reference numerals
1 high temperature master vapour 12 high pressure turbine bies are adjusted valve
10 high temperature master vapour stop valve 10a high temperature main steam control valves
The cold modulating valve again of the 11 cold 11a of stop valve again
Press in main vapour stop valve 20a and press main steam control valve in 20
21 reheater 22 intermediate pressure by-pass modulating valve
30 reflux valve 32 adverse current escape cocks
31 high row's check valve 100 high-pressure cylinders
200 intermediate pressure cylinder 300 low pressure (LP) cylinders
H1 gas turbine H11 gas compressor
H12 firing chamber H13 combustion gas turbine
H2 exhaust heat boiler H3 steam turbine
H4 vapour condenser H5 water pump
The H6 generator
Embodiment
Hereinafter the present invention is described in further detail by reference to the accompanying drawings.
For achieving the above object, a kind of device that the combustion and steam Combined Cycle Unit is carried out to the warm cylinder of high-pressure cylinder is provided according to an aspect of the present invention, described device comprises: adverse current warms up the cylinder path, vapour source and the described high-pressure cylinder of the warm cylinder steam of the warm cylinder path of described adverse current UNICOM's adverse current, the warm cylinder steam of described adverse current is when flowing through the warm cylinder path of described adverse current, transfer heat to described high-pressure cylinder, the metal temperature of described high-pressure cylinder is raise; Reflux valve, be arranged on the warm cylinder path of described adverse current, between the vapour source of described high-pressure cylinder and the warm cylinder steam of described adverse current, when meeting described reflux valve when pre-conditioned, is opened, and the warm cylinder steam of described adverse current enters described high-pressure cylinder by described reflux valve; The adverse current escape cock, be arranged between described high-pressure cylinder and vapour condenser, for the warm cylinder steam of the described adverse current by described high-pressure cylinder, drains into described vapour condenser.Install reflux valve additional between the vapour source of high-pressure cylinder and the warm cylinder steam of adverse current that device of the present invention only need be on existing unit and warm up the cylinder path to form adverse current, the perhaps existing cooling adverse current of reusable loop, generally, the reflux valve the present invention relates to and adverse current escape cock be reflux valve and the adverse current escape cock of this cooling circuit of reusable all, thereby saves to greatest extent equipment cost.Describe with reference to the accompanying drawings specific embodiments of the invention, Fig. 1 shows, according to an embodiment of the invention, the combustion and steam Combined Cycle Unit is carried out to the schematic diagram of the device of the warm cylinder of high-pressure cylinder.A plurality of gas passageways shown in Fig. 1 and valve adopt parallel-connection structure, adopt the purpose of parallel-connection structure to be that whole unit still can maintain certain power normal operation when wherein riches all the way while giving birth to fault, and in real work, corresponding valve in parallel is all open simultaneously or close usually, so two alternate paths that can mark is identical are regarded a path as.Schematic diagram shown in Fig. 1 both had been applicable to adopt the combustion and steam Combined Cycle Unit of Start-up Mode for Intermediate Pressure also to be applicable to the combustion and steam Combined Cycle Unit that adopts gas turbine to start.
Before the cold start of combustion and steam Combined Cycle Unit is opened, high pressure turbine by adjusts valve 12, cold stop valve again 11, adverse current escape cock 32 and intermediate pressure by-pass to adjust valve 22 to open, high temperature master vapour stop valve 10, main vapour stop valve 20 reflux valves 30 of middle pressure and high row's check valve 31 are closed, and high-pressure cylinder 100 intermediate pressure cylinders 200 and vapour condenser (Fig. 1 is not shown) are in vacuum state.
First start gas turbine (Fig. 1 is not shown), the high-temperature gas heating water of being discharged by gas turbine in exhaust heat boiler (Fig. 1 is not shown) forms high-pressure water vapor.Because now high temperature master vapour stop valve 10 is closed and high pressure turbine by adjusts valve 12 to open, so high temperature master vapour 1 enters high pressure turbine by.Due to cold stop valve again 11 in opening state, steam is heated through the cold reheater 21 that is sent to again exhaust heat boiler after again of high pressure turbine by, again because now the main vapour stop valve 20 of middle pressure of intermediate pressure cylinder 200 is closed, and intermediate pressure by-pass adjusts valve 22 to open, the heat of heat after again steam again is sent to condenser (Fig. 1 is not shown) through intermediate pressure by-pass, then returns exhaust heat boiler by the water pump (not shown).After the steam produced in exhaust heat boiler reaches the inlet air conditions of intermediate pressure cylinder, press main vapour stop valve 20 in unlatching, and regulate intermediate pressure cylinder modulating valve 20a flow is increased gradually close gradually intermediate pressure by-pass to adjust valve 22 simultaneously, finally make heat after reheater 21 again gas all enter intermediate pressure cylinder 200 impulsion rotors.Typical intermediate pressure cylinder inlet air conditions be steam pressure between 0.8～2.0Mpa, the temperature of steam is not less than 600 °F higher than the intermediate pressure cylinder metal temperature simultaneously, and steam quality reaches requirement, as the content of silica and sodium within the specific limits.For the combustion and steam Combined Cycle Unit that adopts intermediate pressure cylinder start-up, intermediate pressure cylinder 200 is motionless before the intermediate pressure cylinder admission; For the single shaft gas Steam Combined Cycle unit that adopts gas turbine to start, gas turbine and steam turbine start to rotate simultaneously, so the front intermediate pressure cylinder 200 of intermediate pressure cylinder admission is in idling conditions.In two kinds of Starting mode, it is identical pressing the condition of main vapour stop valve 20 in unlatching.
When meeting when pre-conditioned, can open reflux valve 30, will be on a small quantity through the reverse introducing high-pressure cylinder 100 of the re-cold cold steam again of high pressure turbine by order to warm cylinder, describedly pre-conditionedly comprise that gas turbine reaches certain rotating speed and high-pressure cylinder 100 metal temperatures reach uniform temperature.For this mode of execution shown in Fig. 1, above-mentioned two pre-conditioned may be selected to be: what the steam turbine rotating speed reached rated speed (in present embodiment being 3000 rev/mins) (comprises 75%) more than 75%, and the metal temperature of high-pressure cylinder 100 is higher than 100 °F (approximately 37.8 ℃).Can manual unlocking reflux valve 30, also can automatically open reflux valve 30 after satisfying condition by machinery or electric control device.If just cold steam is again introduced to high-pressure cylinder 100 when gas turbine rotary speed reaches requirement, will affect high-pressure cylinder 100 and start raising speeds and control, and because rotating speed is low, can cause high-pressure cylinder 100 Shang Xia the cylinder metallic walls temperature difference large, make high pressure rotor generation bending; If just introduce cold steam again when high-pressure cylinder 100 metal temperatures do not reach requirement, the stress that can cause the high pressure rotor surface to produce larger thermal stress and rotor bore because of high-pressure cylinder 100 and cold excessive temperature differentials between steam more sharply increases.Certainly, for the combustion and steam Combined Cycle Unit of different type of machines, while opening reflux valve 30, desired gas turbine rotary speed and high-pressure cylinder metal temperature may be variant, but all must meet corresponding rotating speed and temperature conditions.
Introducing the cold steam flow again of high-pressure cylinder 100 can control by the vapor pressure with after the 12 adjusting bypasses of high pressure turbine by tune valve, and pressure greatly flow is large, and the little flow of pressure is little; Simultaneously, introduce the temperature of the cold steam again of high-pressure cylinder 100 and also can control by the cold 11a of modulating valve again, spray water flux is larger, and re-cold effect is more obvious.Introduce the cold steam again of high-pressure cylinder 100, make high-pressure cylinder 100 in the small flow heated condition, can effectively control the thermal stress of high-pressure cylinder, tube wall temperature that again can fast lifting high-pressure cylinder 100 than the warm cylinder of idle running, make high-pressure cylinder 100 can reach the admission condition soon, significantly accelerated the process of gas turbine load up, the gas turbine underrun time is shortened greatly.After high-pressure cylinder 100 reaches the admission condition, open high temperature master vapour stop valve 10 and regulate high temperature main steam control valve 10a, make high temperature master vapour 1 enter high-pressure cylinder, and wash height open and arrange check valve 31 formation forward paths, close gradually high pressure turbine by tune valve 12 until high pressure turbine by adjusts valve 12 to be fully closed simultaneously, complete the cold start of steam-gas combined cycle unit, and close adverse current escape cock 32.
Fig. 2 shows the combustion and steam Combined Cycle Unit according to the employing Start-up Mode for Intermediate Pressure of an embodiment of the invention.As previously mentioned, the present invention is applicable to adopt the combustion and steam Combined Cycle Unit of gas turbine Starting mode and Start-up Mode for Intermediate Pressure, and shown in the mode of execution of Fig. 2 is the combustion and steam Combined Cycle Unit that adopts Start-up Mode for Intermediate Pressure.For the combustion and steam Combined Cycle Unit that adopts Start-up Mode for Intermediate Pressure, gas turbine and exhaust heat boiler can be considered as to complete sets of equipment, and configurable two cover gas turbine and exhaust heat boilers, when two gas turbine operations, the steam of two corresponding exhaust heat boilers enters same steam turbine, so-called exactly " two drag one " method of operation, when only having a gas turbine operation, claim " one-to-one " method of operation.Because " two drag one " or " one-to-one " is as broad as long for implementing the present invention, so, in order to make to describe succinctly, shown in Fig. 2 is the combustion and steam Combined Cycle Unit that adopts " one-to-one " method of operation.
While adopting the combustion and steam Combined Cycle Unit cold start of intermediate pressure cylinder start-up, first start gas turbine H1, steam turbine H3 does not turn.Air enters pressurized air and rock gas mixed combustion generation high-temperature fuel gas in the H12 of H12， firing chamber, firing chamber after gas compressor H11 supercharging, and high-temperature fuel gas enters combustion gas turbine H13 acting, makes generator H6 generating.The residual air temperature that gas turbine H1 discharges is very high, and high temperature residual air enters exhaust heat boiler H2.In exhaust heat boiler H2, high temperature residual air heating water obtains high temperature master vapour, and high temperature master vapour enters steam turbine H3, and has portion gas and steam to discharge from chimney.Do not reach the inlet air conditions of intermediate pressure cylinder during beginning because of high temperature master vapour, so the main vapour valve of the intermediate pressure cylinder in steam turbine H3 (Fig. 2 is not shown) and high-pressure cylinder (Fig. 2 is not shown) is not all opened.When operation a period of time, after steam in exhaust heat boiler H2 meets certain condition, open middle pressure main vapour valve, increasing until whole heat steam again enters the rotation of intermediate pressure cylinder drive rotor, and intermediate pressure cylinder drives whole steam turbine H3 rotation, the gas of discharging in intermediate pressure cylinder enters low pressure (LP) cylinder (Fig. 2 is not shown), is discharged to vapour condenser H4 from low pressure (LP) cylinder again.When the steamer rotating speed of steam turbine H3 reaches more than 75% of rated speed (comprising 75%), high-pressure cylinder metal temperature and surpasses 100 °F and adverse current escape cock and open, open reflux valve the cold steam again of part is introduced to high-pressure cylinder; The high pressure turbine by capable of regulating enters flow and the temperature of the cold steam again of high-pressure cylinder, due to the cold steam flow again that enters high-pressure cylinder is little and temperature lower than high temperature master vapour, high-pressure cylinder enters small flow warm cylinder state fast.After high-pressure cylinder meets the admission condition, open the high temperature main vapour valve and close gradually the high pressure turbine by valve, make steam turbine H3 drive generator H6 generating, so far complete the cold start of the combustion and steam Combined Cycle Unit that adopts Start-up Mode for Intermediate Pressure.
Fig. 3 shows the single shaft gas Steam Combined Cycle unit according to the employing gas turbine startup of an embodiment of the invention.
When the condensation of single shaft gas Steam Combined Cycle unit starts, first start gas turbine H1, because steam turbine H3 and gas turbine H1 are coaxial, so gas turbine H1 drives steam turbine H3 rotation.Air enters pressurized air and rock gas mixed combustion generation high-temperature fuel gas in the H12 of H12， firing chamber, firing chamber after gas compressor H11 supercharging.The residual air temperature that gas turbine H1 discharges is very high, high temperature residual air is discharged to exhaust heat boiler H2, and in exhaust heat boiler H2, high temperature residual air heating water obtains high temperature master vapour, high temperature master vapour enters steam turbine H3, and has portion gas and steam to discharge from chimney (Fig. 3 is not shown).During beginning because the temperature, pressure of high temperature master vapour with become to grade not reach requirement, so the main vapour valve of the intermediate pressure cylinder 200 in steam turbine H3 and high-pressure cylinder 100 is not all opened, intermediate pressure cylinder 200 and high-pressure cylinder 100 are in idling conditions.When operation a period of time, after steam in exhaust heat boiler H2 reaches the inlet air conditions of intermediate pressure cylinder, open middle pressure main vapour valve, increasing until whole heat steam again enters the further drive rotor of intermediate pressure cylinder 200 and rotates, the gas of discharging in intermediate pressure cylinder 200 enters low pressure (LP) cylinder 300, is discharged to vapour condenser H4 from low pressure (LP) cylinder 300 again.When the steamer rotating speed of steam turbine H3 reaches more than 75% of rated speed (comprising 75%), high-pressure cylinder 100 metal temperatures and surpasses 100 °F and adverse current escape cock and open, open reflux valve the cold steam again of part is introduced to high-pressure cylinder 100; The high pressure turbine by capable of regulating enters flow and the temperature of the cold steam again of high-pressure cylinder 100, due to the cold steam flow again that enters high-pressure cylinder 100 is little and temperature lower than high temperature master vapour, high-pressure cylinder enters small flow warm cylinder state fast.After high-pressure cylinder 100 meets the admission condition, open the high temperature main vapour valve and close gradually the high pressure turbine by valve, after closing fully, high pressure turbine by completes the cold start of single shaft gas Steam Combined Cycle unit.
Interchangeable, for the steam to the warm cylinder of high-pressure cylinder, needn't be the cold steam again in this unit high pressure turbine by, can also, from obtaining with other vapour sources as the occasion requires, as long as temperature and the flow of steam suit the requirements, can reach identical effect.
The condition of opening reflux valve in above-mentioned mode of execution is that the steam turbine rotating speed reaches more than 75% of rated speed (comprising 75%) and high-pressure cylinder metal temperature higher than 100 °F.It is evident that, for different type of machines, can be different to the requirement of the rotating speed of high-pressure cylinder and temperature while opening reflux valve, but various types, want, by adverse current steam, high-pressure cylinder is warmed up to cylinder, all must, in the situation that high-pressure cylinder meets corresponding rotating speed and temperature could be opened reflux valve, otherwise unit operation can be affected, cause catastrophe failure.
For most of combustion and steam Combined Cycle Unit, can be on the basis that increases control logic, multiplexing unit is original in making the cooling reflux valve of high-pressure cylinder and adverse current escape cock realize the warm cylinder technology of high-pressure cylinder adverse current that the present invention announces; Part low-displacement gas Steam Combined Cycle unit may not have reflux valve, needs to install additional reflux valve.The combustion and steam Combined Cycle Unit has the adverse current escape cock, and so-called adverse current escape cock is exactly that one section energy directly is discharged into the adverse current steam of high-pressure cylinder the path of vapour condenser, and in part combustion and steam combined cycle machine, the adverse current escape cock may be called drain valve.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of method of the combustion and steam Combined Cycle Unit being carried out to the warm cylinder of high-pressure cylinder is provided, described method comprises: when meeting high-pressure cylinder when pre-conditioned, the reflux valve that connects the vapour source of the warm cylinder steam of described high-pressure cylinder and adverse current is opened, and the warm cylinder steam of described adverse current enters described high-pressure cylinder by described reflux valve; The warm cylinder vapor stream of described adverse current is crossed described high-pressure cylinder, and transfers heat to described high-pressure cylinder, and the metal temperature of described high-pressure cylinder is raise; The warm cylinder steam of described adverse current that flows through described high-pressure cylinder drains into condenser by the adverse current escape cock, and described adverse current escape cock connects described high-pressure cylinder and described condenser.
Preferably, described method further comprises, after utilizing the warm cylinder steam of described adverse current to realize the warm cylinder of described high-pressure cylinder adverse current, opens gradually the high pressure main stop valve door and closes gradually the high pressure turbine by valve simultaneously; And, after described cold start completes, close described adverse current escape cock.
Preferably, described method further is included in the warm cylinder steam of described adverse current by the pre-treatment step before described high-pressure cylinder, and described pre-treatment step comprises: start gas turbine and make in exhaust heat boiler to produce high temperature master vapour; Make described high temperature master vapour through steam turbine, now described high temperature master vapour is through high pressure turbine by and intermediate pressure by-pass but not high-pressure cylinder and intermediate pressure cylinder; And open gradually middle pressure main vapour valve and close the intermediate pressure by-pass valve after high temperature master vapour meet the inlet air conditions of described intermediate pressure cylinder, make heat again steam enter described intermediate pressure cylinder impulsion rotor, until that described high-pressure cylinder meets is pre-conditioned.
Method of the present invention is introduced high-pressure cylinder by being in due course by the warm cylinder steam of uniform temperature and flow, improved warm cylinder efficiency and reduced the warm cylinder time, therefore can shorten the gas turbine underrun time, make unit durability loss and environment protection emission situation that larger improvement be arranged.
Fig. 4 shows, according to an embodiment of the invention, the combustion and steam Combined Cycle Unit is carried out to the flow chart of the method for the warm cylinder of high-pressure cylinder adverse current.
Shown in Fig. 4, in step S10, at first the original state of cold start is set, reflux valve, high and medium voltage main vapour valve are closed, high and medium voltage by-pass valve, cold valve again and adverse current escape cock are opened, and make high-pressure cylinder intermediate pressure cylinder low pressure (LP) cylinder and vapour condenser in vacuum state.In step S20, starting gas turbine makes exhaust heat boiler produce high temperature master vapour, the pressure/temperature of high temperature master vapour does not now also reach the air intake standard of intermediate pressure cylinder with becoming to grade, the high temperature residual air that gas turbine produces is discharged into exhaust heat boiler, and in exhaust heat boiler, the high-temperature residual heat heating water generates superheated vapor.In step S30, in the situation that all closing high temperature master vapour, the high and medium voltage main vapour valve passes through steam turbine after high pressure turbine by and intermediate pressure by-pass, now high temperature master vapour flows through high pressure turbine by and is flow through afterwards intermediate pressure by-pass by reheater heat again again by cold again in gas turbine, finally enter condenser condenses Cheng Shui, condensed water is pushed back exhaust heat boiler and is participated in circulation.In step S40, open gradually middle pressure main vapour valve and close the intermediate pressure by-pass valve after high temperature master vapour meets the intermediate pressure cylinder inlet air conditions, make heat again steam enter intermediate pressure cylinder impulsion rotor, now more and more until whole high temperature master vapour in gas turbine, flow through high pressure turbine by by cold flowed into afterwards again intermediate pressure cylinder impulsion rotor and rotate by reheater heat again again after, flow into low pressure (LP) cylinder by intermediate pressure cylinder again, finally be discharged into condenser condenses Cheng Shui, condensed water is pushed back exhaust heat boiler and is participated in steam/water circulating.In step S50, after the rotating speed of high-pressure cylinder and temperature satisfy condition, opening the high-pressure cylinder reflux valve makes high-pressure cylinder enter the warm cylinder state of adverse current, now the re-cold steam of process in the controlled part high pressure turbine by of flow and temperature is introduced high-pressure cylinder by reflux valve, be discharged to vapour condenser from the adverse current escape cock again, cold steam again passes to high-pressure cylinder to heat in flowing through the process of high-pressure cylinder, and the wall temperature of high-pressure cylinder safely and is promptly raise until reach the admission condition.In step S60, after high-pressure cylinder reaches the admission condition, open the high temperature main vapour valve and close gradually the high pressure turbine by valve simultaneously.In step S70, cold start completes, and closes the adverse current escape cock, and steam turbine enters normal working.
Although disclose embodiments of the invention for purpose of explanation, it should be understood that as the invention is not restricted to this, and those skilled in the art can carry out various modifications and substitute under the prerequisite that does not depart from the scope and spirit of the present invention.
Correspondingly, any and all modifications changes or equivalent arrangement should take into account scope of the present invention, and detailed scope of the present invention will be open by the claims of enclosing.
Claims (10)
1. one kind is carried out to the combustion and steam Combined Cycle Unit device that high-pressure cylinder warms up cylinder, and described device comprises:
Adverse current warms up the cylinder path, vapour source and the described high-pressure cylinder of the warm cylinder steam of the warm cylinder path of described adverse current UNICOM's adverse current, and the warm cylinder steam of described adverse current, when flowing through the warm cylinder path of described adverse current, transfers heat to described high-pressure cylinder, and the metal temperature of described high-pressure cylinder is raise;
Reflux valve, be arranged on the warm cylinder path of described adverse current, between the vapour source of described high-pressure cylinder and the warm cylinder steam of described adverse current, when meeting described reflux valve when pre-conditioned, is opened, and the warm cylinder steam of described adverse current enters described high-pressure cylinder by described reflux valve;
The adverse current escape cock, be arranged between described high-pressure cylinder and vapour condenser, for the warm cylinder steam of the described adverse current by described high-pressure cylinder, drains into described vapour condenser.
2. device according to claim 1, described reflux valve is the reflux valve that described combustion and steam Combined Cycle Unit is used during for cooling described high-pressure cylinder.
3. device according to claim 2, described adverse current escape cock is the adverse current escape cock that described combustion and steam Combined Cycle Unit is used during for cooling described high-pressure cylinder, or described adverse current escape cock is drain valve.
4. device according to claim 3, wherein saidly pre-conditionedly comprise that the rotating speed of described high-pressure cylinder reaches more than 75% of described high-pressure cylinder rated speed.
5. device according to claim 3, wherein saidly pre-conditionedly comprise that the metal temperature of described high-pressure cylinder is higher than 100 °F.
6. one kind is carried out to the combustion and steam Combined Cycle Unit method that high-pressure cylinder warms up cylinder, and described method comprises:
When described high-pressure cylinder meets when pre-conditioned, open reflux valve, described reflux valve is arranged on the valve between the vapour source of described high-pressure cylinder and the warm cylinder steam of adverse current, and the warm cylinder steam of described adverse current enters described high-pressure cylinder by described reflux valve;
The warm cylinder vapor stream of described adverse current is crossed described high-pressure cylinder, and transfers heat to described high-pressure cylinder, and the metal temperature of described high-pressure cylinder is raise;
The warm cylinder steam of described adverse current that flows through described high-pressure cylinder drains into condenser by the adverse current escape cock, and described adverse current escape cock is arranged between described high-pressure cylinder and described condenser.
7. method according to claim 6, described method further comprises, after utilizing the warm cylinder steam of described adverse current to realize the warm cylinder of described high-pressure cylinder adverse current, opens gradually the high pressure main stop valve door and closes gradually the high pressure turbine by valve simultaneously; And
After described cold start completes, close described adverse current escape cock.
8. according to the described method of claim 6 or 7, described method further is included in the warm cylinder steam of described adverse current by the pre-treatment step before described high-pressure cylinder, and described pre-treatment step comprises:
Start gas turbine and make in exhaust heat boiler to produce high temperature master vapour;
Make described high temperature master vapour through steam turbine, now described high temperature master vapour is through high pressure turbine by and intermediate pressure by-pass but not high-pressure cylinder and intermediate pressure cylinder; And
When high temperature master vapour and heat again steam open gradually middle pressure main vapour valve and close the intermediate pressure by-pass valve after meeting the inlet air conditions of described intermediate pressure cylinder, make heat again steam enter described intermediate pressure cylinder impulsion rotor, until that described high-pressure cylinder meets is pre-conditioned.
9. method according to claim 6, wherein saidly pre-conditionedly comprise that the rotating speed of described high-pressure cylinder reaches more than 75% of described high-pressure cylinder rated speed.
10. method according to claim 6, wherein saidly pre-conditionedly comprise that the metal temperature of described high-pressure cylinder is higher than 100 °F.
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| CN113202570A (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2021-08-03 | 华能苏州热电有限责任公司 | Cold-state starting method and equipment for gas-steam combined cycle unit |
| CN115288816A (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2022-11-04 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Starting optimization system and method for combined-cycle multistage-recycling machine island waste heat |
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Application publication date: 20131211 |