CN103437760A - Method for rapidly evaluating oil-water layer through array induction data - Google Patents
Method for rapidly evaluating oil-water layer through array induction data Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for rapidly evaluating an oil-water layer through array induction data, and belongs to the technical field of logging evaluation in oil exploration. The method comprises the steps of collecting single well array induction logging data, namely carrying out array induction logging, analyzing the array induction data, selecting a curve which reflects the undistributed stratum electrical resistivity and the flushed zone stratum electrical resistivity, evaluating stratum water characteristics on the whole well section through the provided method according to the selected curve, segmenting the processed well section according to the calculated stratum water characteristic values, determining the stratum water characteristic values of each section, evaluating the water saturation of a whole-well-section reservoir stratum through a formula according to the selected stratum water characteristic values of each well section, calculating and obtaining the water saturation value of each storage stratum single layer or each point, evaluating the oil-water layer with an evaluation standard according to the water saturation values of each layer of the storage stratum, and therefore achieving rapid recognition on the oil-water layer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of using array induction data Fast Evaluation oil-water-layer, belong to the logging evaluation technical field in oil exploration.
Background technology
At present the Archie formula of oil well logging specialty and associated change formula thereof are the computing techniques of the moisture degree of evaluation reservoir commonly used, and Archie formula is: Sw=(a * b * Rw/Rt * Φ
m)
1/n, in formula: Sw-reservoir water saturation, decimal; Rt-deep investigation resistivity, Ω m; Φ-degree of porosity, decimal; Rw-formation water resistivity, Ω m; A, b-lithology factor; M-porosity exponent; N-saturation exponent.Archie formula can calculate the reservoir water saturation, but they need the parameters such as degree of porosity, litho-electric parameters, formation water resistivity, can only use identical empirical parameter to be processed in a zone.And the actual parameter of each individual well is likely different, therefore, as the key parameter of estimating oil-water-layer, the water saturation parameter seldom is used in oil-water-layer identification, generally according to plate or experience, carry out the oil-water-layer differentiation, the saturation data calculated is only as the reference of estimating oil-water-layer.
In the log interpretation method field, natural gamma, natural potential belong to the well-log information that reflects formation lithology, use it can calculate the reservoir shale content, accomplish reservoir lithology is divided; Sound wave, density, neutron are the well-log informations of reflection reservoir properties, use them can calculate the physical parameters such as reservoir porosity, permeability, carry out the reservoir properties evaluation; Resistivity is the data of reflection reservoir oiliness, but does not have a method of using resistivity to calculate the reservoir water saturation and then oil-water-layer is estimated.
Conventional method, when launching the oil-water-layer evaluation, adopts the qualitative method combined with sxemiquantitative to be differentiated mostly, also will make cross plot, needs the rock electricity to wait empirical parameter, not the evaluation foundation of.Can not accomplish the Fast Evaluation to oil-water-layer in low-resistivity reservoir, exploration new district, complicated geological block well log interpretation acquires a certain degree of difficulty.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of method of using array induction data Fast Evaluation oil-water-layer, for the exploration and development at low-resistivity reservoir, exploration new district and Complex Blocks provides technical support.
A kind of method of using array induction data Fast Evaluation oil-water-layer, comprise the steps;
Step 101, obtain individual well array induction logging data (carrying out array induction logging), and the pair array sensed data is analyzed, and chooses the curve of reflection virgin zone resistivity and flushed zone formation resistivity;
Step 102, estimated the stratum water-based in full well section by provided method according to selected curve, according to the stratum water-based characteristic value of calculating, to processing the well section, carries out segmentation, determines the stratum water-based characteristic value of each section;
Step 103, the selected stratum water-based characteristic value according to each well section, estimated the water saturation of full well section reservoir by invented formula, calculates the water saturation value of each reservoir individual layer or pointwise;
Step 104, the water saturation value of calculating according to each reservoir is estimated oil-water-layer according to the par standard, thereby realizes the quick identification of oil-water-layer.
A kind of method of using array induction data Fast Evaluation oil-water-layer also comprises:
Utilize the array induction resistivity logging tool, gather the array induction Electric Log Data, comprise six curve datas such as R1, R2, R3, R6, R9, R120.
The pair array sensed data is analyzed, and chooses the curve of reflection virgin zone resistivity and flushed zone formation resistivity.In the situation that curve quality is no problem, the R1 curve of generally choosing investigation depth the most shallow (10 inches) represents flushed zone resistivity, and the investigation depth R9 curve of dark (90 inches) represents virgin zone resistivity.
In full well section, the stratum water-based is estimated by provided method according to selected curve, according to calculated stratum water-based characteristic value, to processing the well section, carried out segmentation, determined the stratum water-based characteristic value of each section.The purpose of this method is classified according to the variation of formation water to full well section, thereby guarantees the reliability of next step calculating.When the character of full well section formation water does not change or change hour, full well section water-based characteristic value can be used same value.Pure water layer stratum water-based characteristic value is calculated as follows:
A=Ro/Roxo ①
In formula: A-constant, pure water layer characteristic value in a certain interval of reflection individual well, decimal; Ro-pure water layer depth is surveyed resistivity, Ω m; Roxo-pure water layer depth is surveyed the corresponding flushed zone resistivity of resistivity, Ω m.
According to selected curve, by provided method, in full well section, the stratum water saturation is estimated, according to determined stratum water-based characteristic value, determine that whether the well section to calculating carries out segment processing, then calculates the stratum water saturation value of the reservoir of dividing.Wherein the calculating of water saturation Sw fully with the array induction data this as foundation, do not need other any parameter.Described method comprises:
In order to use the array induction resistivity data to estimate oil-water-layer, can at first establish the evaluation foundation of a reservoir water saturation.Suppose that its virgin zone resistivity of pure water layer that water saturation is 100% and the ratio of stratum flushed zone resistivity are A, the ratio of unknown water saturation its virgin zone resistivity of reservoir and stratum flushed zone resistivity is B, if the ratio of oil-gas Layer virgin zone resistivity and flushed zone resistivity is the reflection of oily degree of saturation, the ratio of A and B may be defined as the reservoir water saturation.Because A is the reflection of reservoir 100% moisture degree, and the B asynchronous reflection of moisture degree that is reservoir, when reservoir is the pure water layer, B ≈ A, real data shows, and when the reservoir oiliness is higher, the B value is larger, and when lower, the B value is less, until suitable with the pure water layer.Pure water layer water saturation 100%, the net pay zone water saturation may approach 0, supposes that the reservoir water saturation is Sw, can be formulated as:
Sw=A/B=A/（Rt/Rxo） ②
In formula: Sw-reservoir water saturation, decimal; A-constant, pure water layer characteristic value in a certain interval of reflection individual well, decimal; Rt-deep investigation resistivity, Ω m; Rxo-with the corresponding flushed zone resistivity of deep investigation resistivity, Ω m.
The water saturation value of calculating according to each reservoir is estimated oil-water-layer according to the par standard, thereby realizes the quick identification of oil-water-layer.The reservoir water saturation Sw that wherein foundation is calculated estimates the standard of oil-water-layer in Table 1:
Table 1 array induction resistivity is calculated Sw oil-water-layer evaluation criterion
Find first: its virgin zone resistivity of pure water layer that moisture degree is 100% and the ratio of stratum flushed zone resistivity, for the basic constant approached, can utilize these characteristics effectively to identify water layer.
Through large quantitative analysis and test, proposed first to use the array induction resistivity data to calculate the formula of reservoir water saturation.
The people who understands well log interpretation knows, natural gamma, natural potential belong to the well-log information that reflects formation lithology, use it can calculate the reservoir shale content, accomplish reservoir lithology is divided; Sound wave, density, neutron are the well-log informations of reflection reservoir properties, use them can calculate the physical parameters such as reservoir porosity, permeability, carry out the reservoir properties evaluation; Resistivity is the data of reflection reservoir oiliness, but does not have a formula that uses the resistivity calculated data to carry out Reservoir oil-bearing property evaluation.
A kind of method of using array induction data Fast Evaluation oil-water-layer, proposed so formula, can use resistivity to calculate the reservoir water saturation, and the evaluation oil-water-layer that can use.
Need new well and the lower low-resistivity reservoir of resistivity of well log interpretation empirical parameter for the exploration new district, the conventional logging means of interpretation deals with has certain difficulty, explains that the reliability of conclusion is also lower, has affected the evaluation of oil-water-layer.
The present invention has just in time solved this problem targetedly, estimate oil-water-layer according to new formula, do not need to calculate degree of porosity, do not need to determine relevant litho-electric parameters, do not need to know formation water resistivity, removed the definite trouble of correlation experience parameter from, had ample scope for one's abilities in the exploration new district.
For low-resistivity reservoir, the impact that this method is not just changed by variation of lithological, resistance, the disadvantage that can effectively avoid conventional low-resistivity reservoir to estimate, further improved the evaluation precision of low-resistivity reservoir.
Advantage of the present invention is that the calculating of reservoir water saturation is simple, and has certain rationale.The value of this formula is to reflect resistivity to show by numeral to oiliness, does not rely on other method and the parameters such as plate, can represent that the angle of well logging is estimated the reservoir oiliness.
Estimate oil-water-layer according to the reservoir water saturation of calculating, the impact that can not just changed by variation of lithological, resistance, do not need to calculate degree of porosity, do not need to determine that relevant rock electricity waits empirical parameter, only relies on resistivity data just can estimate.The Fast Evaluation that is applicable to individual well section oil-water-layer, have certain advantage in exploration new district and low-resistivity reservoir development area.
The application of this method is only applicable to the well of array induction data, and other resistivity series does not advise using.As a kind of oil-water-layer evaluation method, can use with oil-water-layer evaluation methods such as other chart method simultaneously, do not conflict, contribute to improve the oil-water-layer interpretation coincidence rate.
Through the too much application of mouthful well, with conventional oil-water-layer evaluation conclusion and formation testing conclusion, meet, obtained effect preferably.
The accompanying drawing explanation
When considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, by the detailed description with reference to following, can more completely understand better the present invention and easily learn wherein many advantages of following, but accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, form a part of the present invention, schematic description and description of the present invention the present invention does not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention for explaining, as schemed wherein:
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
The specific embodiment
Obviously, the many modifications and variations that those skilled in the art do based on aim of the present invention belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1: in the exploration new district, there is no the correlation experience parameter, computational accuracy to water saturation produces certain influence, at the complicated reservoirs development area, the factor complexity that affects resistivity is various, the low-porosity impact that has diagenesis to cause, have the impact of thin lithology, heavy shale content, also comprises the impact that the mud intrusion causes.These factors all cause the variation of reservoir resistivity, and then the accuracy of identification of oil-gas Layer.Therefore, how to eliminate these impacts, further improve the computational accuracy of water saturation, existing method does not all realize.
The invention process comprehensive considering various effects, and progressively from many factors, separate major influence factors, until eliminate Correlative Influence Factors.
A kind of method of using array induction data Fast Evaluation oil-water-layer, comprise the steps;
Step 101, gather individual well array induction logging data (carrying out array induction logging), and the pair array sensed data is analyzed, and chooses the curve of reflection virgin zone resistivity and flushed zone formation resistivity;
Step 102, estimated the stratum water-based in full well section by provided method according to selected curve, according to the stratum water-based characteristic value of calculating, to processing the well section, carries out segmentation, determines the stratum water-based characteristic value of each section;
Step 103, the selected stratum water-based characteristic value according to each well section, estimated the water saturation of full well section reservoir by invented formula, calculates the water saturation value of each reservoir individual layer or pointwise;
Step 104, the water saturation value of calculating according to each reservoir is estimated oil-water-layer according to the par standard, thereby realizes the quick identification of oil-water-layer.
Flow process can be learnt as shown in Figure 1, and the present invention can be estimated for various drilling muds and complex lithology.
As long as this method has the array induction data, to fresh water mud (Rw<Rmf), be the common situation of current drilling mud use.Now the log water layer shows as and increases resistance resistance invasion character on the array induction resistivity profile, and oil reservoir shows as drag reduction or increases the resistance invasion character.According to formula 2., chosen the curve that represents flushed zone resistivity and virgin zone resistivity by reporting situations of array induction logging curve, the R1 curve that generally can choose investigation depth the most shallow (10 inches) represents flushed zone resistivity, and the investigation depth R9 curve of dark (90 inches) represents virgin zone resistivity.Can layering or the ratio of node-by-node algorithm R9, R1, its smaller is the A value, then by formula 2., can calculate the reservoir water saturation Sw of individual layer, thereby realizes the judgement and evaluation to oil-water-layer.
Table 1 is certain complex lithology sequence (tight sandy gravel) array induction logging data and the corresponding evaluation result of fresh water mud drilling well, can find out, although reservoir properties is poor, uses water saturation Sw still can divide reliably oil-water-layer.Basically the dry layer of water layer Sw value is greater than more than 60%, and oil reservoir Sw value is less than 50%, can significantly distinguish oil-water-layer, with individual layer formation testing conclusion and conventional method, explains that conclusion is consistent, shows that this method is feasible in actual applications.
Table 1 fresh water mud section array induction data are calculated the reservoir water saturation and are estimated the oil-water-layer outcome table
To salty mud drilling well (Rw > Rmf), now the obvious characteristic of log is that the natural potential anteiso-is normal, and no matter oil-water-layer all shows as the decreased resistance invasion feature on the array induction resistivity profile.
Consistent with the applicable cases of fresh water mud well data, the evaluation effect of salty mud well array induction data is in Table 2, and as can be seen from the table, different lithology is all to use same standard, does not affect the evaluation of oil-water-layer.Simultaneously, the height of reservoir water saturation Sw can reflect the oily degree of saturation.For example, No. 9 floor in table 2, the glutenite reservoir, the Sw value of calculating only 16%, show that this is an extraordinary oil reservoir.The formation testing result confirms, nearly 100 sides of individual layer day produce oil have illustrated the reasonability that the Sw value is calculated fully.
Table 2 salty mud section array induction data are calculated the reservoir water saturation and are estimated the oil-water-layer outcome table
Low Resistivity Pay Zones is very approaching with the resistivity value of contiguous water layer or shale layer, and oil supply, water layer identification cause difficulty.Therefore, the evaluation of Low Resistivity Pay Zones is the difficult problem of common concern in well explanation field, prostatitis.Using this formula calculated value Sw to estimate oil-water-layer can effectively address this problem, because the height of the reservoir water saturation value Sw calculated and resistivity value is irrelevant, when the reservoir resistivity caused by a variety of causes (as complex pore structure, shale or mineral matter additional conductive) etc. when reservoir reduces, this reason has identical impact equally on flushed zone resistivity, just in time these influence factors be can eliminate by the ratio that uses the two, thereby differentiation and evaluation to oil-gas-water layer do not affected.
Table 3 is array induction data interpretation outcome tables that certain block has low-resistivity reservoir to grow, and can find out, the resistivity absolute value of low-resistivity reservoir is low, suitable with country rock and water layer resistivity, by variation of lithological, is caused.This low-resistivity reservoir lithology is siltstone, by conventional means of interpretation, is difficult to identification and evaluation.The water saturation value of using resistivity data to calculate is differentiated, and No. 6 floor Sw value is 55%, approaches the oil reservoir standard.This layer of formation testing, day produce oil 6.7 sides, containing a small amount of emulsified water, turn out to be oil reservoir, illustrates that the water saturation Sw calculated with resistivity data carries out the identification of low-resistivity reservoir, has its superiority.
Table 3 has the well array induction data of low-resistivity reservoir and calculates reservoir water saturation evaluation oil-water-layer outcome table
As mentioned above, embodiments of the invention are explained, but, as long as not breaking away from fact inventive point of the present invention and effect can have a lot of distortion, this will be readily apparent to persons skilled in the art.Therefore, within such variation also all is included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a method of using array induction data Fast Evaluation oil-water-layer, is characterized in that comprising the steps;
Step 101, gather individual well array induction logging data (carrying out array induction logging), and the pair array sensed data is analyzed, and chooses the curve of reflection virgin zone resistivity and flushed zone formation resistivity;
Step 102, estimated the stratum water-based in full well section by provided method according to selected curve, according to the stratum water-based characteristic value of calculating, to processing the well section, carries out segmentation, determines the stratum water-based characteristic value of each section;
Step 103, the selected stratum water-based characteristic value according to each well section, estimated the water saturation of full well section reservoir by formula, calculates the water saturation value of each reservoir individual layer or pointwise;
Step 104, the water saturation value of calculating according to each reservoir is estimated oil-water-layer according to the par standard, thereby realizes the quick identification of oil-water-layer.
2. a kind of method of using array induction data Fast Evaluation oil-water-layer according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising following steps;
Utilize the array induction resistivity logging tool, gather the array induction Electric Log Data, comprise six curve datas such as R1, R2, R3, R6, R9, R120;
The pair array sensed data is analyzed, and chooses the curve of reflection virgin zone resistivity and flushed zone formation resistivity; In the situation that curve quality is no problem, the R1 curve of generally choosing investigation depth the most shallow (10 inches) represents flushed zone resistivity, and the investigation depth R9 curve of dark (90 inches) represents virgin zone resistivity;
In full well section, the stratum water-based is estimated by provided method according to selected curve, according to calculated stratum water-based characteristic value, to processing the well section, carried out segmentation, determined the stratum water-based characteristic value of each section; Full well section is classified according to the variation of formation water, thereby guaranteed the reliability of next step calculating; When the character of full well section formation water does not change or change hour, full well section water-based characteristic value can be used same value; The formula of pure water layer stratum water-based characteristic value is calculated as follows:
A=Ro/Roxo ①
In formula: A-constant, pure water layer characteristic value in a certain interval of reflection individual well, decimal; Ro-pure water layer depth is surveyed resistivity, Ω m; Roxo-pure water layer depth is surveyed the corresponding flushed zone resistivity of resistivity, Ω m.
3. a kind of method of using array induction data Fast Evaluation oil-water-layer according to claim 2, it is characterized in that according to selected curve in full well section, the stratum water saturation being estimated, according to determined stratum water-based characteristic value, determine that whether the well section to calculating carries out segment processing, then calculates the stratum water saturation value of the reservoir of dividing; Wherein the calculating of water saturation Sw fully with the array induction data this as foundation; Described step comprises:
In order to use the array induction resistivity data to estimate oil-water-layer, can at first establish the evaluation foundation of a reservoir water saturation;
Its virgin zone resistivity of pure water layer that water saturation is 100% and the ratio of stratum flushed zone resistivity are A, the ratio of unknown water saturation its virgin zone resistivity of reservoir and stratum flushed zone resistivity is B, the ratio of oil-gas Layer virgin zone resistivity and flushed zone resistivity is the reflection of oily degree of saturation, and the ratio of A and B is defined as the reservoir water saturation; Because A is the reflection of reservoir 100% moisture degree, and the B asynchronous reflection of moisture degree that is reservoir, when reservoir is the pure water layer, B ≈ A, real data shows, and when the reservoir oiliness is higher, the B value is larger, and when lower, the B value is less, until suitable with the pure water layer; Pure water layer water saturation 100%, the net pay zone water saturation may approach 0, supposes that the reservoir water saturation is Sw, can be formulated as:
Sw=A/B=A/（Rt/Rxo） ②
In formula: Sw-reservoir water saturation, decimal; A-constant, pure water layer characteristic value in a certain interval of reflection individual well, decimal; Rt-deep investigation resistivity, Ω m; Rxo-with the corresponding flushed zone resistivity of deep investigation resistivity, Ω m;
The water saturation value of calculating according to each reservoir is estimated oil-water-layer according to the par standard, thereby realizes the quick identification of oil-water-layer.
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