CN103435967A - Preparation method of Al/carbon graphite mechanical seal composite material - Google Patents
Preparation method of Al/carbon graphite mechanical seal composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN103435967A CN103435967A CN2013103042073A CN201310304207A CN103435967A CN 103435967 A CN103435967 A CN 103435967A CN 2013103042073 A CN2013103042073 A CN 2013103042073A CN 201310304207 A CN201310304207 A CN 201310304207A CN 103435967 A CN103435967 A CN 103435967A
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of an Al/carbon graphite mechanical seal composite material. The preparation method mainly comprises the following steps: 1, sequentially putting graphite, high carbon, aluminum powder and a phenolic resin in a rubber-plastic internal mixer according to a certain ratio, and carrying out thermal kneading; 2, crushing and sieving a mixture obtained in step 1; 3, carrying out compaction molding of a proper amount of mixture powder obtained in step 2 in a press; and 4, heat-curing a molded matter obtained in step 3 in a box type electric furnace according to a certain heating program. The preparation method has the advantages of easily available raw materials and simplicity, and the prepared Al/carbon graphite mechanical seal composite material has the advantages of large density, high hardness and small friction coefficient.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the mechanical seal field of compound material, be specifically related to a kind of preparation method of Al/ carbon graphite mechanical seal matrix material.
Background technology
In oil, chemical industry, machinofacture and much industry, along with the working medium of pump is day by day various, working conditions is day by day harsh, when using mechanical seal, except sealed structure and tightness system, must should be paid attention to machinery sealing material, the performance of sealing material is the primary factor that determines sealing reliability.In mechanical seal industry, the selection of friction pair material is also of crucial importance, the best pairing of friction pair material can guarantee equipment MaLS and minimum running expense, in order to meet tribology consistency, the chemical compatibility of friction pair material, soft to hard friction pair combination for general medium employing, wherein the soft material trim mainly maintains by running-in ability and the self lubricity that holds flour milling.Carbon graphite material is because having fabulous self lubricity and thermal conductivity, and good erosion resistance, thermal-shock resistance and low-friction coefficient, so carbon graphite material is often used as the soft surface material in friction pair material in Technology of Mechanical Seal.
With regard to China produces carbon/graphite material at present, exist intensity low, poor air-tightness, the shortcomings such as wear rate height, therefore need us to improve by raw-material performance, and formulating of recipe is improved, the multinomial measure such as complete processing and producing apparatus improves the functional quality of carbon/graphite material, thereby reaches high strength, high-density, void content is low, anti-oxidant, frictional coefficient is low, wear-resistant, smooth exquisiteness, the characteristic of property such as easy processing and manufacturing.Document " utilize secondary burnt preparation high-strength carbon/graphite material " people such as (, novel charcoal material, 21 4 phases of volume in 2006,302-306 page) Liu Zhanjun take " secondary Jiao " be raw material, prepared high-strength carbon/graphite material.Patent of invention " revolving shaft sealing material and the making method " (patent No.: 200910072930.7) and problem that wear rate large poor for the revolving shaft sealing material resistance to elevated temperatures, proposition mixes graphite, chopped carbon fiber and tetrafluoroethylene by a certain percentage, through coldmoulding, high temperature sintering, thus make the rotary seal material that a kind of resistance to elevated temperatures is good, wear rate is little, frictional coefficient is low.Patent of invention " production method of composite carbon graphite material " (patent No.: 200910026483.1) proposed a kind of by carbon dust and staple fibre the method through hot kneading, compression moulding, high-temperature roasting, coal-tar pitch dipping, secondary high-temperature roasting, resin impregnation, Vehicle Processing, secondary resin impregnation, thereby prepared heat-shock resistance, shock-resistance, carbon graphite material that wear resisting property is high, can be used in space flight and aviation and war industry.Aforementioned patent and document prepare the method for composite carbon graphite material, and adopt obtains graphite sinter, impregnating technique more, exists the shortcomings such as complex manufacturing, raw material and production cost height.
Because carbon graphite material belongs to hard brittle material, tensile strength and shearing resistance are all lower, and impact resistance is also poor, so flood the metals such as aluminium, copper, silver in the carbon graphite matrix, can obtain high performance metal/carbon graphite composite material.Aluminium/composite carbon graphite material not only has the characteristics such as aluminium base specific tenacity is high, thermal conductivity is good, and combines the self lubricity of carbon graphite and good chemical stability, has made up the shortcoming that metallic matrix wears no resistance.In order to overcome, carbon graphite machinery sealing material hardness is low, wear resisting property is poor, wear rate is high and the more high defect of impregnation technology production cost, and the present invention proposes a kind of short flow process, the preparation method of Al/ carbon graphite mechanical seal matrix material cheaply.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention mainly has been to provide a kind of preparation method of Al/ carbon graphite mechanical seal matrix material, and its concrete steps are as follows:
(1) take 20～25 parts of graphite, 15～20 parts of high-carbon, 15～25 parts of aluminium powders and 30 parts of resol according to ratio of quality and the number of copies;
(2) raw material taken is put into to the rubber and plastic Banbury mixer and mix, 70 ℃ of mechanical kneadings 1 hour, 90 ℃ of kneadings 2 hours again;
(3) the kneading material is pulverized, crossed 200 mesh sieves;
(4) take appropriate kneading powder and put into mould, apply the pressure coldmoulding of 10～15MPa, pressurize 1min;
(5) finally matrix material is put into to cabinet-type electric furnace, solidify according to certain thermograde.
The program that is heating and curing of material is as follows: the first stage: within 1 hour, from room temperature～140 ℃, in the time of 140 ℃, insulation is 1 hour; Subordinate phase: 5min is from 140 ℃～150 ℃, and in the time of 150 ℃, insulation is 1 hour; Phase III: 5min is from 150 ℃～160 ℃, and in the time of 160 ℃, insulation is 1 hour; Fourth stage: 5min is from 160 ℃～170 ℃, and in the time of 170 ℃, insulation is 1 hour; Five-stage: 5min is from 170 ℃～180 ℃, and in the time of 180 ℃, insulation is 1 hour; The 6th stage: 5min is from 180 ℃～190 ℃, and in the time of 190 ℃, insulation is 1 hour; The 7th stage: 5min is from 190 ℃～200 ℃, and in the time of 200 ℃, insulation is 1 hour; Finally cool to room temperature with the furnace.
Principle of the present invention: take graphite, high-carbon is matrix, adds a certain amount of aluminium powder, and resol is binding agent, by mechanical stirring, evenly mixes, and then repressed moulding, moulding finally is heating and curing.In this process, resol is heated and solidifies gradually, become the build resin with high ortho position by line style and branched chain type, thereby by resol, be connected with each other between graphite, high-carbon, aluminum particle and particle, form fine and close network structure, finally obtained the aluminium of high-density high-strength/carbon graphite composite machine sealing material.
Embodiment
Embodiment mono-:
Take 25 parts of graphite, 20 parts of high-carbon, 15 parts of aluminium powders and 30 parts of resol according to the massfraction ratio and put into the rubber and plastic Banbury mixer, 70 ℃ of mechanical kneadings 1 hour, 90 ℃ of kneadings 2 hours again; The kneading material is pulverized, crossed 200 mesh sieves; Take appropriate kneading powder and put into mould, apply the pressure coldmoulding of 15MPa, pressurize 1min; Finally matrix material is put into to cabinet-type electric furnace, solidify according to following thermograde.
First stage: within 1 hour, from room temperature～140 ℃, in the time of 140 ℃, insulation is 1 hour; Subordinate phase: 5min is from 140 ℃～150 ℃, and in the time of 150 ℃, insulation is 1 hour; Phase III: 5min is from 150 ℃～160 ℃, and in the time of 160 ℃, insulation is 1 hour; Fourth stage: 5min is from 160 ℃～170 ℃, and in the time of 170 ℃, insulation is 1 hour; Five-stage: 5min is from 170 ℃～180 ℃, and in the time of 180 ℃, insulation is 1 hour; The 6th stage: 5min is from 180 ℃～190 ℃, and in the time of 190 ℃, insulation is 1 hour; The 7th stage: 5min is from 190 ℃～200 ℃, and in the time of 200 ℃, insulation is 1 hour; Finally cool to room temperature with the furnace.
The density of the machinery sealing material that the present embodiment makes is 1.65g/cm
3, Shore hardness is 73.9HS, frictional coefficient is 0.19.
Embodiment bis-
Take 25 parts of graphite, 15 parts of high-carbon, 20 parts of aluminium powders and 30 parts of resol according to the massfraction ratio and put into the rubber and plastic Banbury mixer, 70 ℃ of mechanical kneadings 1 hour, 90 ℃ of kneadings 2 hours again; Batch mixing is pinched to pulverizing, cross 200 mesh sieves; Take appropriate kneading powder and put into mould, apply the pressure coldmoulding of 15MPa, pressurize 1min; Finally matrix material is put into to cabinet-type electric furnace, solidify according to the thermograde of embodiment mono-.
The density of the machinery sealing material that the present embodiment makes is 1.71g/cm
3, Shore hardness is 83.9HS, frictional coefficient is 0.20.
Embodiment tri-
Take 20 parts of graphite, 15 parts of high-carbon, 25 parts of aluminium powders and 30 parts of resol according to the massfraction ratio and put into the rubber and plastic Banbury mixer, 70 ℃ of mechanical kneadings 1 hour, 90 ℃ of kneadings 2 hours again; The kneading material is pulverized, crossed 200 mesh sieves; Take appropriate kneading powder and put into mould, apply the pressure coldmoulding of 15MPa, pressurize 1min; Finally matrix material is put into to cabinet-type electric furnace, solidify according to the thermograde of embodiment mono-.
The density of the machinery sealing material that the present embodiment makes is 1.72g/cm
3, Shore hardness is 80.8HS, frictional coefficient is 0.22.
Embodiment tetra-
Take 25 parts of graphite, 20 parts of high-carbon, 15 parts of aluminium powders and 30 parts of resol according to the massfraction ratio and put into the rubber and plastic Banbury mixer, 70 ℃ of mechanical kneadings 1 hour, 90 ℃ of kneadings 2 hours again; Batch mixing is pulverized, crossed 200 mesh sieves; Take appropriate kneading powder and put into mould, apply the pressure coldmoulding of 10MPa, pressurize 1min; Finally matrix material is put into to cabinet-type electric furnace, solidify according to the thermograde of embodiment mono-.
The density of the machinery sealing material that the present embodiment makes is 1.62g/cm
3left and right, Shore hardness is the 68.6HS left and right, frictional coefficient is 0.20.
Embodiment five
Take 25 parts of graphite, 15 parts of high-carbon, 20 parts of aluminium powders and 30 parts of resol according to the massfraction ratio and put into the rubber and plastic Banbury mixer, 70 ℃ of mechanical kneadings 1 hour, 90 ℃ of kneadings 2 hours again; The kneading material is pulverized, crossed 200 mesh sieves; Take appropriate kneading powder and put into mould, apply the pressure coldmoulding of 10MPa, pressurize 1min; Finally matrix material is put into to cabinet-type electric furnace, solidify according to the thermograde of embodiment mono-.
The density of the machinery sealing material that the present embodiment makes is 1.70g/cm
3, Shore hardness is 80.1HS, frictional coefficient is 0.22.
Embodiment six
Take 20 parts of graphite, 15 parts of high-carbon, 25 parts of aluminium powders and 30 parts of resol according to the massfraction ratio and put into the rubber and plastic Banbury mixer, 70 ℃ of mechanical kneadings 1 hour, 90 ℃ of kneadings 2 hours again; The kneading material is pulverized, crossed 200 mesh sieves; Take appropriate kneading powder and put into mould, apply the pressure coldmoulding of 10MPa, pressurize 1min; Finally matrix material is put into to cabinet-type electric furnace, solidify according to the thermograde of embodiment mono-.
The density of the machinery sealing material that the present embodiment makes is 1.71g/cm
3, Shore hardness is 80.7HS, frictional coefficient is 0.20.
Density, Shore hardness and the PVvalue testing of embodiment 1～6 Al/ carbon graphite mechanical seal matrix material under different technology conditions the results are shown in Table 1.
Density, Shore hardness and the frictional coefficient of table 1Al/ carbon graphite mechanical seal matrix material
As can be seen from Table 1, in the carbon graphite matrix, add aluminium powder, under certain pressing pressure, along with the increase of aluminium powder addition, density, hardness increase gradually and tend towards stability.The aluminium powder addition is 15%, and when pressing pressure is 15MPa, the frictional coefficient minimum of material is 0.19.Under the inventive method, the density reachable of Al/ carbon graphite mechanical seal matrix material is to 1.62g/cm
3above, more than hardness reaches 68.6HS, frictional coefficient is 0.19～0.22, meets the industrial application requirement of machinery sealing material.
Claims (4)
1. the preparation method of an Al/ carbon graphite mechanical seal matrix material, the steps include:
(1) graphite, high-carbon, aluminium powder and resol are put into to the rubber and plastic Banbury mixer according to the ratio of 20 ~ 25 parts of graphite of mass fraction, 15 ~ 20 parts of high-carbon, 15 ~ 25 parts of aluminium powders and 30 parts of resol, the heating kneading;
(2), by the fragmentation of kneading material, cross 200 mesh sieves;
(3) taking appropriate kneading powder packs in mould;
(4) under certain pressure by powder coldmoulding;
(5) finally matrix material is put into to cabinet-type electric furnace, be heating and curing according to certain heating schedule.
2. the preparation method of a kind of Al/ carbon graphite mechanical seal matrix material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: 70 ℃ of mechanical kneadings 1 hour, 90 ℃ of kneadings 2 hours again.
3. the preparation method of a kind of Al/ carbon graphite mechanical seal matrix material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: during coldmoulding, pressing pressure is 10 ~ 15MPa, pressurize 1min.
4. the preparation method of a kind of Al/ carbon graphite mechanical seal matrix material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the program that is heating and curing of material is as follows: the first stage: within 1 hour, from room temperature ~ 140 ℃, in the time of 140 ℃, insulation is 1 hour; Subordinate phase: 5min is from 140 ℃ ~ 150 ℃, and in the time of 150 ℃, insulation is 1 hour; Phase III: 5min is from 150 ℃ ~ 160 ℃, and in the time of 160 ℃, insulation is 1 hour; Fourth stage: 5min is from 160 ℃ ~ 170 ℃, and in the time of 170 ℃, insulation is 1 hour; Five-stage: 5min is from 170 ℃ ~ 180 ℃, and in the time of 180 ℃, insulation is 1 hour; The 6th stage: 5min is from 180 ℃ ~ 190 ℃, and in the time of 190 ℃, insulation is 1 hour; The 7th stage: 5min is from 190 ℃ ~ 200 ℃, and in the time of 200 ℃, insulation is 1 hour; Finally cool to room temperature with the furnace.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1076468A (en) * | 1992-03-14 | 1993-09-22 | 隋作训 | Graphite-metal base composite sealing material and manufacture craft |
| CN101544497A (en) * | 2009-04-24 | 2009-09-30 | 无锡市前洲电碳厂 | Production method for composite carbon graphite material |
| CN101659550A (en) * | 2009-09-15 | 2010-03-03 | 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所 | Method for preparing metal impregnation carbon/graphite material |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1076468A (en) * | 1992-03-14 | 1993-09-22 | 隋作训 | Graphite-metal base composite sealing material and manufacture craft |
| CN101544497A (en) * | 2009-04-24 | 2009-09-30 | 无锡市前洲电碳厂 | Production method for composite carbon graphite material |
| CN101659550A (en) * | 2009-09-15 | 2010-03-03 | 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所 | Method for preparing metal impregnation carbon/graphite material |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 罗伟: "浅谈炭石墨密封材料在机械密封中的应用与发展", 《炭素》, 31 December 2005 (2005-12-31), pages 35 - 38 * |
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