CN103433803A - One-time molding method and equipment for complex curved surface of roller - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a one-time molding method and equipment for the complex curved surface of a roller. The equipment comprises a rack, a motor, a big rotary table, a gap-removal device, a blank workbench, a cutter feeding device and a servo system, wherein the rack is provided with the big rotary table; the big rotary table and the blank workbench are fixed; the cutter feeding device comprises a guide rail, a lower support plate, an upper support plate, a feeding box and a cutter bar; the blank workbench is provided with two spindles which synchronously rotate by taking the Z axis as the rotation center for fixing a blank. Compared with the traditional roller processing, the method and the equipment have the beneficial effects of omitting complex working procedures such as cutter change and regulation and artificial polishing. Meanwhile, three-axis linkage one-time molding is adopted, the production efficiency is improved, and the machining precision is improved with a numerical control method.

Description

One-time molding method and equipment for complex curved surface of roll

technical field

The invention relates to a one-time molding method and equipment for a rolling groove with a complex curved surface.

Background technique

Rolling processing is a commonly used processing method for many pipes. However, the wear of the rolls of the rolling mill is very serious when processing the pipes, and the rolls on the rolling mill need to be replaced frequently. At present, the rolling hole (that is, the pipe forming area) on the existing roll machine is formed by combining two symmetrical rolls, and the roll is a runner with a through hole in the center, and the outer ring profile of the runner is an arc groove with a complex curved surface. At present, most of the processing methods for rolls with complex curved surfaces use lathes to turn the roll blanks first, and then install the turned rolls on a special roll boring machine for cam profiling processing. After processing a positive arc surface, adjust the center of the two rolls. The distance makes the boring tool cut with a larger cutting radius, and cut out two positive circular arc surfaces on the side, and finally trim the smooth surface and chamfer by manual grinding. This method has many procedures, complex operation, high technical requirements for workers, and low processing efficiency.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a one-time forming method and equipment for a roll with a rolling groove as a complex curved surface. Compared with the traditional roll processing, the method and equipment eliminate complex processes such as tool change adjustment and manual grinding; at the same time, three-axis linkage is used for one-time molding, which improves production efficiency; and the numerical control method is used to improve machining accuracy.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a roll forming equipment with a complex curved surface with a rolling groove, including a frame, a motor, a large turntable, a gap removal device, a blank workbench, a tool feeding device and Servo system; the frame is provided with a large turntable, and the large turntable is fixed to the blank workbench; the tool servo feed device includes a guide rail, a lower pallet, an upper pallet, a feed box and a cutter bar, and the blank work Two rotating shafts that rotate synchronously with the Z axis as the rotation center are installed on the table to fix the blank; the feed box is fixedly connected to the cutter bar, and the inside of the feed box is equipped with a power transmission mechanism. The upper pallet and the lower pallet are , The upper pallet and the lower pallet are equipped with a power transmission mechanism, and the gap removal device is installed on the frame and is close to the large turntable or the rotating parts connected to the turntable.

The power transmission mechanism provided inside the feed box is a servo motor or a stepping motor.

The power transmission mechanism provided inside the upper supporting plate and the lower supporting plate is a servo motor, an air cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder.

A one-time forming method of a roll with a complex curved surface in the rolling groove, surveying and mapping the finished standard workpiece, fitting the curved surface of the roll work area, discretizing the curved surface data and establishing a database, converting the data in the database into program instructions and importing them into the control system; the control system reads The program command controls the operation of the equipment; the large turntable drives the billet table to rotate around the y-axis at a certain angular speed; the rotation of the large turntable controls the main cutting motion of the section arc curve profile, and its rotation speed determines the cutting rate of the section arc curve profile The rotation of the rotating shaft drives the two roller blanks to rotate around the z-axis at a certain speed at the same time; the rotation of the rotating shaft controls the forming and cutting motion of the workpiece's circumferential curve profile, and its rotation speed determines the forming and cutting of the workpiece's circumferential curve profile and the relative shape of the workpiece. The switching rate of the adjacent processing section; the upper pallet drives the feed box to drive the cutter bar and tool fixed on the feed box, so that the tool is fed to the specified position in the x-axis direction and cuts out the first arc; when the large turntable After turning to the corresponding angle, the feed box feeds in the opposite direction of the x-axis at a certain speed relative to the upper pallet; the feed motion of the feed box controls the cutting feed motion in the Y0 direction of the cross-sectional curve profile, and its feed speed affects The size of the radius of curvature of the second section of the arc curve; the three-axis linkage constitutes the generative forming process of the three-dimensional curved surface of the two symmetrical roll blanks.

The fitting surface of the working area of the roll is fitted by linear interpolation using the measured discrete data to form a continuous surface composed of surfaces with different overlapping boundaries, and then differentiated from the continuous surface and then fitted again to form a tangential continuous surface.

Beneficial effects of the present invention: Compared with traditional roll processing, complex processes such as tool change adjustment and manual grinding are eliminated; at the same time, three-axis linkage is adopted for one-time molding, which improves production efficiency; and the numerical control method is used to improve processing accuracy.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural reference diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the shape of the roll involved in the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the section division of the rolls in the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the present invention to the schematic diagram of roll section curve taking point;

Fig. 5 is a structural reference diagram of a derivative example of the present invention.

in,

Figure 11-frame, 2-motor, 3-large turntable, 4-blank, 5-cutter bar, 6-blank table, 7-feed box, 8-lower pallet, 9-upper pallet, 10- Guide rail, 11-axis of rotation, 12-removal device

Detailed ways

The invention relates to a one-time forming equipment for complex curved surfaces of rolls, which includes a frame, a motor, a large turntable, a billet workbench, a tool feeding device and a servo system. The frame is provided with a large turntable 3, and the large turntable is driven to rotate by the main shaft motor 2 through a gear set, and is used for fixing and driving the billet table 6 to rotate. Two rotating shafts 10 rotating synchronously are installed on the blank workbench for fixing the blank. The tool feeding device includes a guide rail 9 , a sliding pallet 8 , a sliding pallet 7 , and a knife rod 5 . The supporting plate 7 is fixedly connected to the cutter bar 5, and in addition, a power transmission mechanism is arranged inside it, and the power transmission mechanism is a servo motor. The sliding pallet 8 is provided with a power transmission mechanism inside, and the power transmission mechanism can be a servo motor, an air cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder and the like. The servo system servo-drives and controls the spindle motor to drive the turntable to rotate, controls the servo feed of the tool feeding device, and controls the rotation of the rotating shaft on the billet workbench.

再利用截面曲线拟合的结果进行曲面拟合：利用曲面Q_j点在(x_j,p(x_j),α)处插值方法，即建立拟合曲面，形成一个点连续（也称为G0连续）的曲面，即C级曲面。再对C级曲面进行微分处理，获得点坐标得到离散数据，将离散数据用最小二乘法对其进行曲面逼近拟合，形成一个切向连续（也称为G1连续）的曲面，即B级曲面。得到轧辊轧制工作区的B级曲面后再将曲面用更小的角度进行划分并以微分形式对其曲面进行离散化处理。将重新离散的数据导入电脑数据库，最后由电脑将数据库里的数据转化为程序指令传输至控制系统。Based on the above equipment, the invention discloses an effective forming processing method for rolls with complex curved surfaces. The cross-sectional shape of the roll is shown in Figure 2. Its effective working part is formed by a smooth connection of a positive arc and two reverse arcs. The entire roll has three sections with different shapes. The arc composition and arc radius of each section vary. Firstly, survey and map the finished standard roll, take the geometric center of the roll as the origin, divide the standard roll into n sections at a certain angle α as shown in Figure 3, and take a certain number of points for each section, measure and calculate each coordinates of a point. For example _, as _shown in Figure 4, take the _i -th point, measure the coordinates ( _xi , y _i ) of the i-th point, and calculate the actual coordinates ₍ xi _' , y _i ') obtained a series of actual coordinates are discrete data about the shape of the roll. Use the piecewise linear interpolation method to construct an overall continuous function of the obtained series of discrete variables: let the x coordinates x ₀ , x ₁ ,…,x _n of all points taking values in the plane in Figure 4, and the corresponding y coordinates y ₀ ,y ₁ ,…,y _n , the interpolation basis function is l _j (x _j ), and the fitting nth degree linear interpolation polynomial is

Then use the result of section curve fitting to perform surface fitting: use the surface Q _j point to interpolate at (x _j ,p(x _j ),α), that is Establish a fitting surface to form a point-continuous (also called G0 continuous) surface, that is, a C-level surface. Then perform differential processing on the C-level surface, obtain point coordinates to obtain discrete data, and use the least square method to perform surface approximation and fitting on the discrete data to form a tangentially continuous (also called G1 continuous) surface, that is, a B-level surface . After obtaining the B-level surface of the rolling working area, the surface is divided into smaller angles and the surface is discretized in a differential form. Import the re-discrete data into the computer database, and finally the computer converts the data in the database into program instructions and transmits them to the control system.

The control system reads the program instructions to control the operation of the equipment. Among them, the large turntable drives the billet table to rotate around the y-axis at a certain angular speed. The rotation of the large turntable is controlled by the cutting main motion of the section arc curve profile shown in Figure 4, and its rotation speed determines the cutting rate of the section arc curve profile. The rotation of the rotating shaft drives the two roll blanks to rotate around the z-axis at a certain speed at the same time. The rotation of the rotating shaft controls the shaping and cutting motion of the workpiece’s circumferential curve profile shown by the dotted line in Figure 3, and its rotation speed determines the forming and cutting of the workpiece’s circumferential curve profile and the switching rate of adjacent machining sections of the workpiece. The upper supporting plate drives the feed box to drive the cutter bar and the tool, so that the tool is fed to the specified position in the x-axis direction to cut out the first segment of arc R1 as shown in Figure 4. When the large turntable turns to the corresponding angle, the feed box feeds in the opposite direction of the x-axis at a certain speed relative to the upper pallet. The feed motion of the feed box controls the cutting feed motion in the Y0 direction of the section curve profile shown in Figure 4, and its feed speed affects the radius of curvature of the second segment of the arc R2 curve. The three-axis linkage constitutes the generative forming process of the three-dimensional curved surface of the two symmetrical roll blanks.

After the computer sends the data to the control system, the control system controls the operation of the equipment to generate and cut the curved surface of the workpiece. The method of generating motion can be the double pallet motion superposition method or the single pallet software control method. The superposition method of the double pallet motion is as follows: After the workpiece is clamped, the power transmission mechanism of the control system drives the lower pallet 8 to make the upper pallet 9 and the feed box connected to the lower pallet 8 reach the designated position so that the tool can reach the specified position. Machining initial position. Then the control system drives the main shaft motor to rotate to drive the large turntable to rotate to drive the billet table to rotate, thereby forming a pair of cross-sections on the rolling groove surface of the paired processed rolls for cutting. At the same time, the rotating shaft on the billet workbench is controlled to run at a certain speed, so that the curved surface of the rolling groove on the paired rolls can complete 360-degree ring cutting. When the rotating shaft drives the workpiece to turn over a certain angle, the power transmission mechanism of the control system drives the upper supporting plate 9, so that the tool fixed on the feed box changes the feed rate, thereby changing the main arc R1 of the curved surface of the upper rolling groove of the roll shown in Figure 4 size. When the large turntable turns to a certain angle, the control system sends a data signal to the servo motor controlling the feed box, so that the feed box 7 is fed along the direction of the track on the upper pallet 9 at a certain speed, thereby controlling the paired The reverse arc of the rolling groove surface on the processed roll (the R2 segment arc shown in Figure 4) is generated. At this time, the three-axis linkage of the equipment constitutes the generative forming process of the three-dimensional curved surface of the two symmetrical roll blanks. The single pallet software implementation method is as follows: remove the upper pallet 9, connect the feed box 7 to the lower pallet, use the software program to control the feed box servo motor to control the forward or reverse feed movement of the feed box in the x direction, At this time, the change of the main arc R1 of the upper rolling groove surface caused by the rotation of the rotating shaft requires the change of the tool feed and the cutting of the reverse arc R2 of the upper rolling groove surface after the large turntable turns to a certain angle requires the tool feed The change of the quantity is realized by superposition of the motion controlled by the feed box servo motor. The obtained superposition motion is superimposed with the rotation motion of the large turntable around the Y axis, forming the generative cutting process of the complex curved surface of the roll groove.

Derived example:

As shown in Figure 5, a coordinate system is established. The X-axis and Y-axis of this coordinate system are fixed, and the normal direction of the upper surface of the blank worktable is the direction of the Z-axis. The Z-axis is perpendicular to the Y-axis and rotates around the Y-axis. Wherein the large turntable rotates around the Y axis, and the rotating shaft drives the workpiece to rotate around the Z axis. The feed box 7 and the upper supporting plate 9 can move linearly along the X axis, and the lower supporting plate 8 moves up and down along the Y direction.

The basic structure of this example is the same as that of the basic example. The difference is that the equipment is made into a vertical structure and supported by 13 end face bearings, which reduces the height of the turntable, makes the structure more compact, facilitates workpiece clamping, and reduces the number of large turntables. working driving torque.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides a roll one shot forming equipment that grooving is complicated curved surface which characterized in that: the device comprises a frame, a motor, a large turntable, a gap removing device, a blank worktable, a cutter feeding device and a servo system; a large turntable (3) is arranged on the rack, and the large turntable (3) is fixed with a blank workbench (6); the cutter servo feeding device comprises a guide rail (10), a lower supporting plate (8), an upper supporting plate (9), a feeding box (7) and a cutter bar (5), wherein two rotating shafts (11) which synchronously rotate by taking a Z axis as a rotating center are arranged on a blank workbench and are used for fixing a blank (4); feed box (7) fixed connection cutter arbor (5), feed box (7) inside is equipped with power conveying mechanism, upper bracket board (9) and bottom plate (8) inside is equipped with power conveying mechanism, remove clearance device (12) and install in the frame and hug closely the rotating member that big carousel or carousel are connected.

2. The roll one-shot forming apparatus with a complicated curved groove according to claim 1, wherein: the power transmission mechanism arranged in the feeding box (7) is a servo motor or a stepping motor.

3. The roll one-shot forming apparatus with a complicated curved groove according to claim 1, wherein: the power transmission mechanisms arranged in the upper supporting plate (9) and the lower supporting plate (8) are servo motors, air cylinders or hydraulic cylinders.

4. A roller one-time forming method with a complex curved surface rolling groove is characterized in that: surveying and mapping a finished product standard workpiece, fitting a curved surface of a roller working area, dispersing curved surface data, establishing a database, converting the data in the database into a program instruction and importing the program instruction into a control system; the control system reads the program instruction and controls the equipment to operate; wherein the large turntable drives the blank worktable to rotate around the y axis at a certain angular speed; the rotation of the large turntable controls the cutting main motion of the section arc curve profile, and the rotation speed of the large turntable determines the cutting speed of the section arc curve profile; the rotating shaft rotates to drive the two roller blanks to rotate around the z axis in opposite directions at a certain speed; the rotation of the rotating shaft controls the forming cutting movement of the circumferential curve outline of the workpiece, and the rotating speed of the rotating shaft determines the forming cutting of the circumferential curve outline of the workpiece and the switching rate of adjacent processing sections of the workpiece; the upper supporting plate drives the feeding box to drive a cutter bar and a cutter which are fixed on the feeding box, so that the cutter is fed to a specified position in the x-axis direction to cut a first section of circular arc (R1); when the large turntable rotates to a corresponding angle, the feeding box performs feeding in the opposite direction of the x axis at a certain speed relative to the upper supporting plate; the feed motion of the feed box controls the cutting feed motion in the Y0 direction of the cross-sectional curve profile, and the feed speed of the feed box influences the curvature radius of the curve of the second arc (R2); the three-axis linkage forms the generating and forming processing of the three-dimensional curved surface of the two symmetrical roller blanks.

5. The one-time forming method of the roller with the groove being the complex curved surface as claimed in claim 4, wherein: and the curved surface of the working area of the fitting roller is subjected to linear interpolation fitting by utilizing the measured discrete data to form a continuous curved surface combined by curved surfaces with different overlapped boundaries, and then is subjected to secondary fitting after differentiation by the continuous curved surface to form a tangential continuous curved surface.

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