CN103433438A - Method for controlling quality of bloom hypo-peritectic steel continuous casting billet - Google Patents
Method for controlling quality of bloom hypo-peritectic steel continuous casting billet Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for controlling the quality of a bloom hypo-peritectic steel continuous casting billet. The method for controlling the quality of the bloom hypo-peritectic steel continuous casting billet aims to overcome the quality defect that in the prior art, pits and fissures can easily occur on the surface of the casting billet. According to the method for controlling the quality of the bloom hypo-peritectic steel continuous casting billet, the content of silicon alloying element in the bloom hypo-peritectic steel continuous casting billet is controlled to be 0.16wt%-0.29wt%, the content of manganese in the bloom hypo-peritectic steel continuous casting billet is controlled to be 0.71wt%-0.79wt%, and then the carbon content CJ of a crystal point of a hypo-peritectic steel ladle is controlled so that the actual carbon content, by mass, of hypo-peritectic steel can be controlled to be 0.10wt%-0.16wt%; during continuous casting, the degree of superheat of continuous casting molten steel is controlled to be 20-30 DEG C, a dynamic water spraying aerosol cooling method is adopted in a casting billet secondary cooling area, the continuous casing throwing speed is 0.60-0.65m / min, and the performance parameters of casting powder of a crystallizer are that the alkalinity (CaO / SiO2) is 1.00-1.05, the melting point is 1130-1170 DEG C, and the viscosity is 0.55-0.75 Pa.s. Pits and fissures on the surface of the bloom hypo-peritectic steel continuous casting billet manufactured with the method are controlled comprehensively.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metallurgical technology field, be specifically related to a kind of method of controlling the quality of the inferior peritectic steel continuous casting billet of bloom.
Background technology
Inferior peritectic steel Q235D is as the structural carbon steel that wherein has D level credit rating and require, extensive use and railroad rail firmware, vehicle mounting and parts, and its production technology, quality requirement are very strict.The mass percent of the carbon content of inferior peritectic steel Q235D is controlled at 0.10wt%～0.17wt% usually, and symbolic animal of the birth year becomes the larger peritectic reaction district of shrinkage rates, the continuous casting billet that usually to be poured into section be 260mm * 300mm.Because the linear contractive quotiety of peritectic reaction is larger, easily form air gap, cause surface to be prone to the mass defects such as depression, crackle.
Summary of the invention
The problem existed in order to solve above-mentioned prior art, the invention provides a kind of method of controlling the quality of the inferior peritectic steel continuous casting billet of bloom, uses the method can improve surface in the inferior peritectic steel continuous casting billet of bloom and the mass defect of depression, crackle easily occurs.
For this reason, according to the present invention, a kind of method of controlling the quality of the inferior peritectic steel continuous casting billet of bloom comprises the following steps: alloying element silicon and manganese content in the inferior peritectic steel continuous casting billet of bloom are controlled at respectively to 0.16wt%～0.29wt% and 0.71wt%～0.79wt%, thereby control the carbon content C of the peritectic point of inferior peritectic steel continuous casting billet
j, take the control of the mass percent of the actual carbon content of inferior peritectic steel is 0.10wt%～0.16wt%; In casting process; the degree of superheat of continuous casting steel is controlled to 20 ℃～30 ℃; the strand secondary cooling zone adopts the aerosol of dynamically spraying water cooling; controlling the continuous casting casting speed is 0.60～0.65m/min; wherein; the performance parameter of crystallizer protecting residue is: basicity is 1.00～1.05, and fusing point is 1130 ℃～1170 ℃, and viscosity is 0.55PaS～0.75PaS.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the mean value of the alloying element silicon in the inferior peritectic steel continuous casting billet of control bloom and the content of manganese is respectively 0.18wt%～0.22wt% and 0.72wt%～0.76wt%, thereby the mean value of the actual carbon content of inferior peritectic steel is controlled as 0.14wt%～0.16wt%.
According to an aspect of the present invention, control the carbon content C of peritectic point
jwith the difference DELTA C of actual carbon content in steel in 0.020wt%.
Therefore, according to the method for the quality of the inferior peritectic steel continuous casting billet of control bloom of the present invention, by silicon, manganese alloy element are carried out to Narrow Composition Control, make actual carbon content in steel approach the carbon content C of peritectic point
jreduce inferior peritectic steel and solidified the phase transformation shrinkage degree; and by the stabilizing continuous casting molten steel overheat; improve the cooling uniformity in the casting blank solidification process; control poring rate; constant continuous casting casting speed, the performance of optimization crystallizer protecting residue, significantly reduce or the mass defect of elimination casting billet surface depression and crackle.
The specific embodiment
The invention provides a kind of method of quality control to the inferior peritectic steel continuous casting billet of bloom.According to the present invention, the method for the quality control of the inferior peritectic steel continuous casting billet of bloom is comprised the composition of the inferior peritectic steel continuous casting billet of bloom is controlled and the continuous casting process of the inferior peritectic steel of bloom is controlled.
Specifically, according to the present invention, the composition of the inferior peritectic steel continuous casting billet of bloom is controlled.At present, the control of inferior peritectic steel Q235D chemical composition (by mass percentage) requires as carbon content 0.10wt%～0.17wt%, silicone content 0.15wt%～0.30wt%, manganese content 0.70wt%～0.80wt%.The carbon content C of peritectic point
jdifference DELTA C value (Δ C=|C with actual carbon content in steel
jthe mass defects such as-C|) larger, strand more easily cracks, depression.The present inventor finds after deliberation, by controlling the content of alloying element silicon, manganese, can make the carbon content C of peritectic point
jwith the difference DELTA C of actual carbon content in steel, diminish, thereby the mass defect of minimizing strand crackle, depression improves slab quality.
At length say, for the inferior peritectic steel of bloom, after the silicon in steel, manganese content are determined, the C of its peritectic point
jcontent is also just thereupon substantially definite.The peritectic point C of general carbon steel
jcontent is 0.163%～0.191%.When δ → γ phase transformation occurs, for crossing peritectic steel, when actual carbon content away from peritectic point C
jduring content, known according to lever law, the ratio W of the mass fraction of δ and L
δ/ W
lcarbon content C with peritectic point
jwith the increase of the difference DELTA C of actual carbon content in steel, reduce, the Phase change shrinkage ratio that therefore can occur is just less, more is not easy to produce depression and defects i.e.cracks; For inferior peritectic steel, when actual carbon content away from peritectic point C
jduring content, known equally, the ratio W of the mass fraction of δ and L
δ/ W
lwith the reducing and reduce of Δ C, the Phase change shrinkage ratio that therefore can occur is just less, depression and crackle tendency also corresponding reducing.Therefore, for example, for the application's inferior peritectic steel (, the Q235D steel), its actual carbon content is away from peritectic point C
jcontent, the mass defects such as along with the increase of Δ C, strand more easily cracks, depression; And the mass defects such as along with Δ C diminishes, continuous casting billet also will be difficult for cracking, depression.Therefore, in the present invention, by alloying element silicon and manganese content by the inferior peritectic steel continuous casting billet of bloom, be controlled in rational scope, can control rational carbon content meeting under the prerequisite of other combination properties.
Further, consider the impact of Si on peritectic reaction, the carbon content C of peritectic point
jmean.Experiment shows, when Mn content is zero, carbon steel is at the carbon content C of peritectic point
jvalue can calculate with reference to following formula (1).
C
J（Mn=0）=0.16+0.13[Si]-0.045[Si]
2 （1）
The carbon content C of peritectic point during a series of different Si content that calculates according to formula (1)
jillustrate in the following Table 1.
The carbon content C of table 1 peritectic point
jcorresponding relation (Mn=0wt%) with Si content
| Si（wt%） | 0.00 | 0.17 | 0.20 | 0.25 | 0.30 | 0.35 | 0.37 |
| C J（wt%） | 0.16 | 0.181 | 0.184 | 0.190 | 0.195 | 0.200 | 0.202 |
From top table 1 and formula (1), when Mn content is zero, the carbon content C of peritectic point
jincrease with Si content increases.
Equally, based on experimental result, for carbon steel, when Si content is 0.17wt%～0.37wt% and manganese content while being 0.35wt%～0.80wt%, carbon steel is at the carbon content C of peritectic point
jcan be calculated by following formula (2).
C
J=0.16+0.13[Si]-0.0242[Mn]-0.0197[Si][Mn]-0.045[Si]
2 （2）
From formula (2), can control the carbon content C of peritectic point by the content of controlling alloying element silicon, manganese in steel
j.
Therefore, in the present invention, the mass percent of the alloying element silicon in the inferior peritectic steel continuous casting billet of bloom, manganese content is controlled respectively be: Si0.16wt%～0.29wt%, Mn0.71wt%～0.79wt%, thus control the carbon content C of inferior peritectic steel continuous casting billet peritectic point
j.According to one embodiment of present invention, preferably, the mass percent of controlling actual carbon content in steel is 0.10wt%～0.16wt%, controls the carbon content C of peritectic point
jwith the difference DELTA C of actual carbon content in steel in 0.020wt%.
In addition, also comprise continuous casting process is controlled according to the method for the quality of the inferior peritectic steel continuous casting billet of control bloom of the present invention.Specifically, according to the present invention, in the technique that the inferior peritectic steel of bloom is carried out to continuous casting, comprise the control to temperature, the degree of superheat of continuous casting steel is controlled to 20 ℃～30 ℃.More particularly, Mold temperature fluctuation meeting causes the unstable transformation of δ phase and γ phase, two-phase interface is fluctuateed, maximal phase reaches 18% to fluctuating range, this fluctuation causes two alternate growths not mate, and makes the initial solidification shell growth inhomogeneous, easily produces larger stress and concentrates, the mass defect that increases face crack produces probability, particularly serious in the inferior peritectic steel that this phenomenon is 0.10wt%～0.17wt% in phosphorus content.Molten steel temperature fluctuation causes the mutually interdendritic remelting of γ, has seriously reduced tensile strength and the ductility of base shell, easily produces interdendritic crackle or underbead crack, particularly the lower inferior peritectic steel for phosphorus content.Under certain cooling condition, only have the molten steel temperature fluctuating range to reach a critical value and just can cause remarkable impact to the peritectic freezing process.Therefore, take corresponding safeguard procedures, the temperature fluctuation amplitude of Mold is controlled in suitable scope, can eliminate or reduce the impact of temperature fluctuation.In view of this, the method according to this invention, the molten steel that offers continuous casting requires every Baogang liquid temp fluctuation range little, and stirs uniform temperature and eliminate ladle thermal stratification phenomenon by ladle soft blow argon, strengthen the tundish insulation simultaneously, guarantee certain liquid level and stability.The liquidus temperature of inferior peritectic steel Q235D is 1518 ℃, and therefore, the degree of superheat of controlling continuous casting steel is 20 ℃～30 ℃ and is advisable.Be controlled at by the degree of superheat by molten steel in the scope of above-mentioned low overheat, can dwindle columnar zone, enlarge the equiax crystal district, thereby alleviate center segregation, improve the quality of strand.If the degree of superheat of molten steel too low (lower than 20 ℃), can cause inclusion floating difficulty in molten steel; If the degree of superheat of molten steel too high (higher than 30 ℃), affect the continuous casting billet internal soundness, cause the Level such as center porosity higher.
In addition, according to the present invention, the technique that the inferior peritectic steel of bloom is carried out to continuous casting also comprises the control to pulling rate.If inferior peritectic steel Q235D adopts the pulling rate of general steel grade, easily cause the uniformity of covering slag consumption and filling thereof to reduce, the uniformity variation that the base shell conducts heat, easily produce face crack and depression.Therefore, pulling rate is that continuous casting is produced inferior peritectic steel (for example, important parameter Q235D), be controlled at 0.60～0.65m/min by it.
In addition, according to the present invention, the technique that the inferior peritectic steel of bloom is carried out to continuous casting also comprises the control to the slab cooling process, at the strand secondary cooling zone, adopts the aerosol of dynamically spraying water cooling.Specifically, when inferior peritectic steel cast, because early solidification peritectoid Phase change shrinkage is larger, easily produce Longitudinal Surface Cracks and depression.In order to reduce crystallizer and base shell interfacial air gap to shell growth and inhomogeneity influence degree thereof, should suitably control molten steel solidifying in crystallizer.By crystallization control device cooling water inflow and crystallizer hot-fluid, realize weak cooling.In addition, control rational two cold-zone water distribution quantity and water distribution modes, also very important to the quality control of strand.Therefore, according to the method for the quality of the inferior peritectic steel continuous casting billet of control bloom of the present invention, the strand secondary cooling zone adopts the dynamic water allocation aerosol cooling.This water distribution mode is to utilize Mathematical Modeling to carry out real-time heat to the strand temperature field to follow the tracks of, can according to current casting state, to the water yield, be revised in real time, guarantee that the water yield distribution of each section of cooling zone can meet the reasonable layout of casting blank surface temperature in time, to guarantee the uniformity of slab cooling.
In addition, according to the present invention, the technique that the inferior peritectic steel of bloom is carried out to continuous casting also comprises the control to covering slag, and the performance parameter of crystallization control device covering slag is as follows: basicity (CaO/SiO
2) be 1.00～1.05, fusing point is 1130 ℃～1170 ℃, viscosity is 0.55PaS～0.75PaS.Specifically, the basicity of covering slag is high, and its fusion temperature and recrystallization temperature are higher, and has low viscosity, can meet weak cooling requirement.Simultaneously, the recrystallization temperature of covering slag is high, makes solid state crystallization slag film crystal grain tiny, and crystal grain boundary increases, and has more effectively weakened the conduction heat transfer that the thermal vibration mode is carried out, and slows down the heat flow density with even meniscus surface area.Along with crystalline phase is separated out and grows up in the slag film, cause micro-pore and be full of cracks, the slag film resistance is increased, reduce Billet speed, thereby lobe and depression incidence are reduced.The fusing point of covering slag is high makes between base shell and crystallizer to form thicker solid-state slag blanket, forms larger thermal resistance.The viscosity of covering slag is low can improve lubricant effect, can reduce again the generation of crackle.And the viscosity of covering slag is low, the slag flowed into is many, and the slag thickness of formation, be conducive to increase thermal resistance.But there is a suitable scope in the viscosity of covering slag size, the too low slag film flowed between base shell and copper coin that easily causes of viscosity is inhomogeneous, and crystallizer heat conduction is inhomogeneous and cause the regional area shell thickness inhomogeneous, affects slab quality.In sum, should reasonably control basicity, fusing point and the viscosity of covering slag: basicity is 1.00～1.05, and fusing point is 1130 ℃～1170 ℃, and viscosity is 0.55PaS～0.75PaS.
According to the present invention, carry out Narrow Composition Control by silicon addition, Mn to the inferior peritectic steel of bloom, guaranteed that in steel, actual carbon content approaches C
jthereby, reduced the shrinkage degree that inferior peritectic steel solidifies phase transformation; Pulling rate, slab cooling process and crystallizer protecting residue when the degree of superheat by reasonably controlling molten steel in casting process, continuous casting are controlled bloom surface depression and crackle comprehensively.
According to the present invention, the inferior peritectic steel continuous casting billet of bloom can be that section is at the inferior peritectic steel continuous casting billet of the Q235D bloom more than 250 millimeters.
Describe the present invention in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiment, but and limit the scope of the invention never in any form.
Embodiment 1:
Adopt and manufacture in the following method the inferior peritectic steel Q235D of bloom continuous casting billet.Specifically, the smelting of taking and continuous casting process are: at first through ultra high electric arc furnace (UHP), ladle refining furnace (LF), vacuum degassing furnace (VD), then produce by 11 meters alloy steel continuous casting machines of arc radius the inferior peritectic steel Q235D continuous casting billet that section is 260mm * 300mm.The melting chemical composition of the inferior peritectic steel Q235D of the bloom of embodiment 1 continuous casting billet is shown in table 2.
The steel melting chemical composition (wt%) of the inferior peritectic steel Q235D of the bloom of table 2 embodiment 1 continuous casting billet
Calculate the carbon content C of peritectic point according to the formula (2) of front
j, and calculate the carbon content C of peritectic point
jwith the difference DELTA C of actual carbon content in steel, the steel qualification rate of the inferior peritectic steel Q235D of the bloom of Statistics Implementation example 1 continuous casting billet, the results are shown in following table 3.
The carbon content C of carbon content, silicone content, manganese content, peritectic point in the inferior peritectic steel Q235D of table 3 steel
jrelation with the steel qualification rate
| C（wt%） | Si（wt%） | Mn（wt%） | C J（wt%） | ΔC=|C J-C|（wt%） | Steel qualification rate (%) |
| 0.16 | 0.22 | 0.74 | 0.165 | 0.005 | 98.76 |
| 0.15 | 0.16 | 0.74 | 0.159 | 0.009 | 97.08 |
| 0.15 | 0.16 | 0.75 | 0.159 | 0.009 | 97.17 |
| 0.15 | 0.18 | 0.75 | 0.161 | 0.011 | 96.89 |
| 0.15 | 0.17 | 0.71 | 0.161 | 0.011 | 97.46 |
| 0.15 | 0.19 | 0.75 | 0.162 | 0.012 | 96.72 |
| 0.15 | 0.2 | 0.74 | 0.163 | 0.013 | 97.39 |
| 0.15 | 0.2 | 0.75 | 0.163 | 0.013 | 97.58 |
| 0.15 | 0.22 | 0.75 | 0.165 | 0.015 | 97.15 |
| 0.15 | 0.22 | 0.75 | 0.165 | 0.015 | 97.43 |
| 0.14 | 0.18 | 0.75 | 0.161 | 0.021 | 91.26 |
| 0.14 | 0.19 | 0.72 | 0.163 | 0.023 | 82.97 |
| 0.14 | 0.2 | 0.72 | 0.164 | 0.024 | 84.87 |
| 0.14 | 0.19 | 0.7 | 0.164 | 0.024 | 97.28 |
| 0.14 | 0.25 | 0.79 | 0.167 | 0.027 | 63.70 |
| 0.13 | 0.2 | 0.72 | 0.164 | 0.034 | 89.32 |
As can be seen from Table 3, according to the steel qualification rate of the inferior peritectic steel Q235D of embodiments of the invention 1 and the carbon content C of peritectic point
jrelevant to the difference DELTA C of actual carbon content in steel.When Δ C is greater than 0.020wt%, the qualification rate of steel is lower; And, when Δ C is less than 0.015wt%, the qualification rate of steel is higher.The carbon content C of peritectic point
jand the difference DELTA C in steel between actual carbon content is larger, the steel qualification rate is just lower.Therefore, by silicon, manganese alloy element are carried out to Narrow Composition Control, make actual carbon content in steel approach the carbon content C of peritectic point
j, to improve the steel qualification rate of inferior peritectic steel Q235D.Preferably, manganese content is controlled to the upper limit, silicone content is controlled at lower limit, guarantees steel product quality.
The carbon content of the inferior peritectic steel Q235D of the bloom of embodiment 1 continuous casting billet and casting parameters are shown in table 4 to the statistics that affects of steel qualification rate.
The impact on the steel qualification rate of table 4 carbon content and casting parameters
By top table 4, can be found out, the carbon content in inferior peritectic steel Q235D is 0.14wt%～0.16wt%, and the middle Baogang water degree of superheat is 20 ℃～30 ℃, and when pulling rate is 0.60～0.65m/min, the qualification rate after strand is rolled and becomes a useful person is the highest.
Therefore, according to the present invention, by the Composition Control to the inferior peritectic steel continuous casting billet of bloom, silicon, manganese alloy element are carried out to Narrow Composition Control, make actual carbon content in steel approach the carbon content C of peritectic point
jreduce inferior peritectic steel and solidified the phase transformation shrinkage degree; and by controlling continuous casting process; the stabilizing continuous casting molten steel overheat; improve the cooling uniformity in the casting blank solidification process, control poring rate, constant continuous casting casting speed; optimize the performance of crystallizer protecting residue, the mass defect of casting billet surface depression and crackle has obtained comprehensive control.
Although above embodiments of the present invention have been done to detailed explanation in conjunction with the embodiments; but; the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment; those skilled in the art can understand; under the prerequisite that does not break away from aim of the present invention; in the claim protection domain, can also be changed or change etc. above-described embodiment.
Claims (3)
1. a method of controlling the quality of the inferior peritectic steel continuous casting billet of bloom, is characterized in that, said method comprising the steps of:
Alloying element silicon and manganese content in the inferior peritectic steel continuous casting billet of bloom are controlled at respectively to 0.16wt%～0.29wt% and 0.71wt%～0.79wt%, thereby control the carbon content C of the peritectic point of inferior peritectic steel continuous casting billet
j, take the control of the mass percent of the actual carbon content of inferior peritectic steel is 0.10wt%～0.16wt%;
In casting process, the degree of superheat of continuous casting steel is controlled to 20 ℃～30 ℃, the strand secondary cooling zone adopts the aerosol of dynamically spraying water cooling, and controlling the continuous casting casting speed is 0.60～0.65m/min;
Wherein, the performance parameter of crystallizer protecting residue is: basicity is 1.00～1.05, and fusing point is 1130 ℃～1170 ℃, and viscosity is 0.55PaS～0.75PaS.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the mean value of the alloying element silicon in the inferior peritectic steel continuous casting billet of control bloom and the content of manganese is respectively 0.18wt%～0.22wt% and 0.72wt%～0.76wt%, thereby the mean value of the actual carbon content of inferior peritectic steel is controlled as 0.14wt%～0.16wt%.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, controls the carbon content C of peritectic point
jwith the difference DELTA C of actual carbon content in steel in 0.020wt%.
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| CN109877287A (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2019-06-14 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of method of hypo-peritectic steel Surface of Rod Bar fine cracks control |
| CN112813355A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2021-05-18 | 上海梅山钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for reducing corner cracks of titanium-containing peritectic steel continuous casting slab |
| CN113278777A (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2021-08-20 | 江阴兴澄特种钢铁有限公司 | Method for controlling steel strip-shaped structure of alloy structure |
| CN113278777B (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2023-09-26 | 江阴兴澄特种钢铁有限公司 | Method for controlling steel strip-shaped structure of alloy structure |
| CN113680983A (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2021-11-23 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Control method for reducing liquid level fluctuation in production of sub-peritectic steel |
| CN113680983B (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2023-04-14 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Control method for reducing liquid level fluctuation in hypo-peritectic steel production |
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