CN103430931B - Method for disinfecting cultural relics by fumigation - Google Patents
Method for disinfecting cultural relics by fumigation Download PDFInfo
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- CN103430931B CN103430931B CN201310403788.6A CN201310403788A CN103430931B CN 103430931 B CN103430931 B CN 103430931B CN 201310403788 A CN201310403788 A CN 201310403788A CN 103430931 B CN103430931 B CN 103430931B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a novel method for disinfecting cultural relics by fumigation, which can be applied to prevention and control of pest mildew diseases of collected and exhibited cultural relics by a museum. The method is characterized in that flammable, combustible, environment-polluted and toxic fumigants such as ethylene oxide, bromomethane and the like are replaced by one or more out of safe, nontoxic and environment-friendly plant fumigants such as cinnamyl aldehyde, citronellal, geranialdehyde and the like, and composite high-purity nitrogen is used for fumigating the cultural relics, so that the efficacy of plant components can be improved; the temperature and the humidity during fumigation are adjusted, so that the cultural relics made of different materials are maintained under a relatively stable condition, and damage to the main bodies of the cultural relics is avoided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sterilization method, be specifically related to a kind of historical relic fumigation method.
Background technology
Entomogenous fungi disease is cultural relics in the collection of cultural institution, one of Major Diseases of especially organic historical relic.For cultural relics in the collection of cultural institution, comprising the research of safe, the non-harmful disinfection technology suffering the historical relic of entomophthora disease and the front historical relic of warehouse-in, is the important research direction in China's Historic heritage conservation scientific and technical research.Due to the valuable witness that historical relic is matter input, its quality is often comparatively fragile simultaneously, physical pest killing method such as high temperature/low-temperature insecticidal, microwave desinsection, the dry dehydration disinsection method of extensive use can produce larger impact to the physical behavior of material, and being therefore applied to historical relic Pesticidal and sterilizing has certain limitation.The insecticidal sterilizing method being widely used in historical relic sterilization at present mainly contains inflation (carbonic acid gas, nitrogen) and falls the physical pest killing methods such as oxygen and adopt the fumigant such as oxirane, Celfume, vikane to carry out chemical method control.
Although this several method can reach the effect of Pesticidal and sterilizing to a certain extent, respectively there is its weak point.As long in the nitrogen kills grain pest time, and the tolerance difference of different insects to high-purity nitrogen is remarkable.Carbonic acid gas, due in faintly acid, has impact to processed material under the condition of high humility, and particularly containing the material of lead oxide, the short time namely can Formed hydrochlorate.Oxirane, Celfume, vikane are efficient fumigant, but oxirane belongs to explosive material, and have mutagenicity; The sterilizing ability of Celfume is poor, and according to Montreal Agreement, 2015 start, and Celfume will be prohibited from using in China; Vikane, due to its hydrophobicity, be difficult to penetrate in moisture worm's ovum, thus ovicidal ability, and the deposition of fluoride has poisoning danger to skeleton.Therefore a kind of safety of research, efficiently insecticidal sterilizing method, can improve nitrogen kills grain pest efficiency, simultaneously can effectively sterilization, and chemical fumigant can be avoided again the harm of human body and environment, is historical relic's protection worker problem demanding prompt solution.
China's resources of medicinal plant enriches, and cures the disease with it and antibacterially have long history, and much medicine for oral administration also without adverse side effect, does not produce toxicity accumulation through long-term taking.The modern Chinese medicine antibacterial that adopts is reported successively to some extent, and alkaloid, anthraquinone compounds, Coumarins, volatile oil all have antibiotic bioactive, and especially volatile oil has the disinfective action of mitigation more, and some then has significant sterilization, bacteriostasis efficacy.Therefore, adopt Chinese medicine sterilizing mildew-resistant in conjunction with the rich nitrogen killing method of hypoxemia, be expected to develop one be with Chinese characteristics, efficiently, safety, eco-friendly control historical relic entomogenous fungi evil technology, nitrogen kills grain pest efficiency can be improved, simultaneously can effectively sterilization, chemical fumigant can be avoided again the harm of human body and environment.
Summary of the invention
For above shortcomings in prior art, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of efficient, safety, eco-friendly historical relic fumigation method.
The present invention seeks to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of historical relic fumigation method, utilize in plant composition having good mildew-resistant insecticidal efficacy and composition thereof, compound high pure nitrogen carries out fumigation to the historical relic of various material.
Concrete, a kind of historical relic fumigation method, comprises the steps: that plant fumigating agent and historical relic are put into fumigation box by (1); (2) high pure nitrogen is passed into after closing fumigation box; (3) regulate fumigation temperature and humidity, in case to be fumigated stable the and nitrogen gas concn of temp. and humidity more than 99.9% after start to fumigate.
Preferably,
The agent of step (1) described plant fumigating is have one in the active ingredient of good mildew-resistant insecticidal efficacy or its mixture in lemongrass, Chinese cassia tree, golden cypress, the fruit of a cubeb litsea tree, one more preferably in cinnamic acid, citronellal, citral or its mixture, the consumption of fumigant is 1-5g/m
3.Optimally, fumigant is the mixture of citral and cinnamic acid, and citral and cinnamic acid mass ratio are 3:1-1:3.
In step (3), fumigation temperature controls at 35-40 DEG C; Stifling humid control is at 50-60%; Fumigation time is 8-24 hour.
According to different entomophthora Damage Types and historical relic material, can select damp condition and fumigation time, as paper, sclerotin, ivory should regulate humidity at 50-55%, textile, wooden, leather and fur products regulate humidity at 50-60%; 8-10 hour as stifling in attagenus piceus, Anthrenus verbasci etc., the mould such as aspergillus niger, aspergillus flavus fumigates 20-24 hour.
In method provided by the present invention, for the historical relic of unlike material, as paper, textile, wooden, leather, bone, ivories etc., corresponding temperature and humidity conditions should be adopted.
In method provided by the present invention, the active ingredient in plant can not impact historical relic material, as tension intensity, folding endurance, the aberration of paper, silk intensity, aberration etc.
Method provided by the invention, has the following advantages:
(1) utilize active ingredient in plant to replace the fumigant such as oxirane, Celfume, solve explosion hazard, to problems such as the destructivenesses of environment, simultaneously harmless to human-body safety.
(2) plant component compound high pure nitrogen can effectively be killed worm common in historical relic, mould disease.
(3) when carrying out stifling to the historical relic of unlike material, select suitable temperature and humidity conditions, the infringement of historical relic can not be caused.
(4) residual low on historical relic body of plant component after stifling, and the change such as aberration, intensity can not be caused to historical relics such as paper, silk, bamboo are wooden.
Embodiment
Below by example, the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1
Historical relic material: paper
Disease: aspergillus flavus
Fumigant: citronellal (buy from AladdinChemistry company, mass fraction is 96%)
Stifling process: open fumigation box, volume is 0.4m
3, 1g citronellal and paper are put into simultaneously, after closing fumigation box, pass into high pure nitrogen, adjustment flow is 5L/min, regulates temperature to be 35 DEG C, relative moisture 55%, to treat in casing that temp. and humidity keeps stable and nitrogen gas purity is on 99.9%, close and give vent to anger and air inlet, start to fumigate.Fumigation time is 24 hours, opens fumigation box after terminating, and is taken out by paper and is positioned in cultural relic conservation case.
Comparative example 1-1
Open fumigation box, volume is 0.4m
3, 1g citronellal and paper are put into, regulate temperature to be 35 DEG C, relative moisture 55%, starts to fumigate simultaneously.Fumigation time is 108 hours, opens fumigation box after terminating, and is taken out by paper and is positioned in cultural relic conservation case.
Comparative example 1-2
Open fumigation box, volume is 0.4m
3, put into by paper, pass into high pure nitrogen, treat that in casing, nitrogen gas purity is on 99.9%, regulate temperature to be 35 DEG C, relative moisture 55%, starts to fumigate.Fumigation time is 108 hours, opens fumigation box after terminating, and is taken out by paper and is positioned in cultural relic conservation case.
Test case 1
After embodiment 1 is fumigated 24h, comparative example 1-1 and the comparative example 1-2 killing rate of fumigating the aspergillus flavus after 24h, 72h, 96h, 108h tests, and the results are shown in Table 1.
The killing rate of table 1 aspergillus flavus
| Fumigation time | 24h | 48h | 72h | 96h | 108h |
| Embodiment 1 | 100% | / | / | / | / |
| Comparative example 1-1 | 30% | 72% | 100% | / | / |
| Comparative example 1-2 | 0 | 12% | 26% | 35% | 50% |
Found that, embodiment 1 is after stifling 24 hours, and namely reach 100% to the killing rate of aspergillus flavus, and comparative example 1-1 needs stifling 72 hours ability to kill aspergillus flavus completely, comparative example 1-2 reached 50% at 108 hours to the killing rate of aspergillus flavus.
Embodiment 2
Historical relic material: silk
Disease: casemaking clothes moth, Anthrenus verbasci, attagenus piceus
Fumigant: citral (buy from Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., Sinopharm Group, mass fraction is 95%)
Stifling process: open fumigation box, open fumigation box, volume is 0.4m
3, 1g citral and silk are put into, pass into high pure nitrogen after closing fumigation box, adjustment flow is 5L/min simultaneously, and regulate temperature to be 35 DEG C, relative moisture 60%, treats that in casing, nitrogen gas purity is on 99.9%, closes and gives vent to anger and air inlet, start to fumigate.Fumigation time is 8 hours, opens fumigation box after terminating, and is positioned over by silk in cultural relic conservation case.The killing rate of casemaking clothes moth is 100%.When same process, the killing rate of citral to Anthrenus verbasci, attagenus piceus is similarly 100%.As only carried out fumigating under same temperature damp condition with nitrogen, fumigation time is in 1-2 week; Only with the stifling need more than 48 hour of citral under same temperature damp condition.
Comparative example 2-1
Open fumigation box, volume is 0.4m
3, 1g citral and paper are put into, regulate temperature to be 35 DEG C, relative moisture 55%, starts to fumigate simultaneously.Fumigation time is 108 hours, opens fumigation box after terminating, and is taken out by paper and is positioned in cultural relic conservation case.
Comparative example 2-2
Open fumigation box, volume is 0.4m
3, put into by paper, pass into high pure nitrogen, treat that in casing, nitrogen gas purity is on 99.9%, regulate temperature to be 35 DEG C, relative moisture 55%, starts to fumigate.Fumigation time is 108 hours, opens fumigation box after terminating, and is taken out by paper and is positioned in cultural relic conservation case.
Test case 2
After embodiment 2 is fumigated 8h, comparative example 2-1 and comparative example 2-2 fumigate the casemaking clothes moth after 8h, 24h, 48h, 72h, 96h, 108h, Anthrenus verbasci, attagenus piceus killing rate test, the results are shown in Table 2.
The killing rate of table 2 casemaking clothes moth, Anthrenus verbasci, attagenus piceus
Found that, embodiment 2 is after stifling 24 hours, namely 100% is reached to the killing rate of casemaking clothes moth, Anthrenus verbasci, attagenus piceus, and comparative example 2-1 to casemaking clothes moth, Anthrenus verbasci, attagenus piceus reached killing rate 100% respectively at 48 hours, 72 hours, 48 hours, comparative example 2-2 reached 30%, 15% and 40% to the killing rate of casemaking clothes moth, Anthrenus verbasci, attagenus piceus respectively after stifling 108 hours.Illustrate that the pore of insect under the condition of high pure nitrogen is opened, be conducive to citral and enter in pest body, thus significantly improve and follow card efficiency.
Embodiment 3
Historical relic material: bamboo wood
Disease: attagenus piceus
Fumigant: cinnamic acid (buy from Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., Sinopharm Group, mass fraction is 95%)
Stifling process: open fumigation box, volume is 0.4m
3, 1g cinnamic acid and bamboo wood are put into, pass into high pure nitrogen after closing fumigation box, adjustment flow is 5L/min simultaneously, and regulate temperature to be 35 DEG C, relative moisture 60%, treats that in casing, nitrogen gas purity is on 99.9%, closes and gives vent to anger and air inlet, start to fumigate.Fumigation time is 8 hours, opens fumigation box after terminating, and is positioned in cultural relic conservation case by bamboo wood.The killing rate of attagenus piceus is 100%.As only carried out fumigating under same temperature damp condition with nitrogen, fumigation time is in 1-2 week; Only with the stifling need more than 48 hour of cinnamic acid under same temperature damp condition.
Embodiment 4
Substantially the same manner as Example 3, unique difference is that fumigant is 1g citral.
Embodiment 5
Substantially the same manner as Example 3, unique difference is that fumigant is the mixture of 0.5g citral and 0.5g cinnamic acid.
Comparative example 3-1
Open fumigation box, volume is 0.4m
3, 1g cinnamic acid and bamboo wood are put into, regulate temperature to be 35 DEG C, relative moisture 55%, starts to fumigate simultaneously.Fumigation time is 108 hours, opens fumigation box after terminating, and is taken out by paper and is positioned in cultural relic conservation case.
Comparative example 3-2
Open fumigation box, volume is 0.4m
3, put into by bamboo wood, pass into high pure nitrogen, treat that in casing, nitrogen gas purity is on 99.9%, regulate temperature to be 35 DEG C, relative moisture 55%, starts to fumigate.Fumigation time is 108 hours, opens fumigation box after terminating, and is taken out by paper and is positioned in cultural relic conservation case.
Test case 3
After embodiment 3-5 is fumigated 8h, comparative example 3-1 and the comparative example 3-2 killing rate of fumigating the attagenus piceus after 8h, 24h, 48h, 72h, 96h, 108h tests, and the results are shown in Table 3.
The killing rate of table 3 attagenus piceus
| Fumigation time | 6h | 7h | 8h | 24h | 48h | 72h |
| Embodiment 3 | 85% | 90% | 100% | / | / | / |
| Embodiment 4 | 90% | 100% | / | / | / | / |
| Embodiment 5 | 100% | / | / | / | / | / |
| Comparative example 3-1 | 30% | 80% | 30% | 80% | 100% | / |
| Comparative example 3-2 | 0 | 10% | 0 | 10% | 15% | 20% |
Found that, embodiment 3, after stifling 8 hours, namely reaches 100% to the killing rate of attagenus piceus, and comparative example 3-1 is after stifling 48 hours, reaches 100% to the killing rate of attagenus piceus, and stifling through 108 hours of comparative example 3-2, killing rate only reaches 40%.
The above; be only the specific embodiment of the present invention; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto; any those of ordinary skill in the art are in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention; the change can expected without creative work or replacement, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection domain that protection scope of the present invention should limit with claims is as the criterion.
Claims (5)
1. a historical relic fumigation method, is characterized in that, comprises the steps: that plant fumigating agent and historical relic are put into fumigation box by (1); (2) high pure nitrogen is passed into after closing fumigation box; (3) regulate fumigation temperature and stifling humidity, in case to be fumigated stable the and nitrogen gas concn of temp. and humidity more than 99.9% after, start to fumigate; The described plant fumigating agent of step (1) is one or more the mixture in cinnamic acid, citronellal and citral.
2. sterilization method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the consumption of the described plant fumigating agent of step (1) is 1-5g/m
3.
3. sterilization method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the described fumigation temperature in step (3) controls at 35-40 DEG C.
4. sterilization method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the described stifling humid control in step (3) is at 50-60%.
5. sterilization method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the described fumigation time in step (3) is 8-24 hour.
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Families Citing this family (9)
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| CN106693014A (en) * | 2015-07-19 | 2017-05-24 | 中国科学院上海有机化学研究所 | Cultural relic fumigation method |
| CN106973901B (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2019-11-12 | 中国科学院上海有机化学研究所 | It is a kind of for preventing and treating the fumigating method of historical relic entomophthora |
| CN107936834A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-04-20 | 海信（山东）空调有限公司 | A kind of mould proof antibacterial paint and its preparation method and application |
| CN109984191A (en) * | 2017-12-30 | 2019-07-09 | 中国科学院上海有机化学研究所 | A kind of grain fumigating technique |
| CN112336896A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-02-09 | 天津森罗科技股份有限公司 | Method for disinfecting and sterilizing plant essential oil fumigant |
| CN113476627A (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2021-10-08 | 杭州众材科技股份有限公司 | Nondestructive disinfection cleaning method for paper cultural relics |
| CN113599556B (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2023-06-02 | 重庆声光电智联电子有限公司 | Storable sterilization system and sterilization method based on same |
| CN115443994A (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2022-12-09 | 浙江大学 | Preparation method of drug-loaded halloysite nanotube slow-release compound for prevention and treatment of biological diseases of immovable cultural relics |
| CN115474602B (en) * | 2022-10-24 | 2024-04-16 | 上海博物馆 | Plant source deoxidizing and sterilizing method in cultural relic transportation process |
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