CN103430036A - Earth leakage detection device - Google Patents

Earth leakage detection device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103430036A
CN103430036A CN2012800144079A CN201280014407A CN103430036A CN 103430036 A CN103430036 A CN 103430036A CN 2012800144079 A CN2012800144079 A CN 2012800144079A CN 201280014407 A CN201280014407 A CN 201280014407A CN 103430036 A CN103430036 A CN 103430036A
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mentioned
pulse
output
earth detector
generating unit
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CN103430036B (en
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山添宏一
田中毅
神田雅隆
盐川明实
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Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
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Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
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Priority claimed from JP2011064686A external-priority patent/JP6065252B2/en
Priority claimed from JP2011064687A external-priority patent/JP6065253B2/en
Application filed by Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd filed Critical Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority to CN201510184300.4A priority Critical patent/CN104764975B/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
    • G01R31/52—Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)

Abstract

Provided is an earth leakage detection device capable of quickly distinguishing between an ordinary earth leakage and a thunder surge. The earth leakage detection device comprises: a zero-phase current transformer (ZCT) (10) through which AC cable runs pass; an integration calculation unit (20) for integrating the output voltage of the zero-phase current transformer (10); an integrated value comparison unit (30) for, when the calculation result obtained by the integration calculation unit (20) is greater than a predetermined range, outputting a first signal; a waveform identification unit (40) for detecting and counting the inflection points of the output voltage waveform of the zero-phase current transformer and for, when the number of the inflection points reaches a predetermined number, outputting a second signal; and an earth current detection unit (50) for, when the integrated value comparison unit (30) outputs the first signal and the waveform identification unit (40) outputs the second signal, outputting an earth leakage detection signal indicating that earth leakage is occurring in the AC cable runs.

Description

Earth detector
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of earth detector.Particularly relate to a kind of detection according to zero phase current transformer and export to judge the earth detector that whether produces electric leakage in alternating circuit.
Background technology
The electrical leakage breaking device has by the iron core of ring-type (core) and is wound on the zero phase current transformer (ZCT) that the coil of anchor ring (toroidal) shape on this core forms, wherein, this iron core is formed by magnetics such as soft magnetic materials, a plurality of Primary Conductor that form alternating circuit connect this iron core, this electrical leakage breaking device is output voltage according to the detection output at these coil two ends of this zero phase current transformer, judges in the plurality of Primary Conductor and whether has produced electric leakage.
In the situation that produced electric leakage in some Primary Conductor, the electric current that alternating circuit De Yanwang road direction is mobile and produce difference between mobile electric current along the return road direction, thus produce the leakage current based on this difference.And, because the electrical current of a plurality of Primary Conductor is uneven on the whole, therefore, due to the magnetic flux produced by this leakage current, the state of the magnetic flux of the core of zero phase current transformer changes.Thus, the induced voltage corresponding with leakage current detected at the coil two ends of zero phase current transformer.
In addition, in the situation that any Primary Conductor does not all produce electric leakage, in so-called equilibrium state, the vector of the electrical current of the plurality of Primary Conductor is zero.Under this equilibrium state, although there is magnetic flux in the core place of zero phase current transformer, these magnetic fluxs are cancelled out each other, and can foregoing induced voltage do not detected by zero phase current transformer.Thereby, by the output voltage at the coil two ends using zero phase current transformer, as detecting, export, can judge in alternating circuit and whether produce leakage current.
As the situation of the electric leakage that leakage current detected, consider state and the lightning surge (Lei サ ー ジ of common electric leakage) state.Common electric leakage refers to the electric leakage that the current value of leakage current periodically occurs.Lightning surge refers to the electric leakage that current value ratio is large and this current value temporarily occurs of leakage current.
In the situation that the common electric leakage in two kinds of electric leakages is estimated to produce for a long time electric leakage, therefore preferably cut off as early as possible the electric power undertaken by alternating circuit and supply with.On the other hand, in the situation that lightning surge is temporarily to produce electric leakage, it is undesirable therefore all cutting off the electric power supply of being undertaken by alternating circuit when each lightning surge.
As electrical leakage breaking device in the past, known a kind of electrical leakage breaking device (for example, with reference to patent documentation 1) that can prevent the unnecessary cut-out that lightning surge causes.This electrical leakage breaking device utilization compares with the first comparer that detects leakage current the second comparer that threshold value is larger, and ground current and leakage current that lightning surge or serious ground connection (the larger electric leakage of current value ratio of the particularly leakage current in common electric leakage) are caused are distinguished.And, in during the time gate of the one shot multivibrator made started in the output according to the second comparer (time gate), detect whether from the first comparer, exported the pulse more than 3 ripples by 3 ripple counters, thereby lightning surge and serious ground connection are distinguished.Thus, only in the situation that the common electric leakage that comprises serious ground connection from shutoff signal output circuit outputting cutting break signal.
Patent documentation 1: Japanese kokai publication hei 10-094161 communique
Yet, in the electrical leakage breaking device shown in patent documentation 1, in order to distinguish lightning surge and common electric leakage, difference according to circumstances, leakage current that need to be larger to current value ratio carries out counting three times.That is to say, in alternating circuit, leakage current is followed the waveform of AC power and is produced, and at the leakage current of positive side or minus side, is that setting produces pulse when above, counts this pulse by continuous three times and is judged to be electric leakage.By leakage current being carried out to three countings, to be judged to be in the method for electric leakage the detection of electrical leakage time long like this.In the situation that the particularly serious ground connection in common electric leakage, larger leakage current likely can continue to flow, and therefore from viewpoints such as protecting human bodies, preferably determines more as soon as possible common electric leakage or lightning surge.
But, although the electrical leakage breaking device shown in patent documentation 1 carries out electrical leakage breaking, according to the output voltage of zero phase current transformer, do not utilize the demonstrations of leaking electricity such as effective value.Thereby the None-identifieds such as supvr have gone out to produce the electric leakage of what degree.In addition, if implement electrical leakage breaking and electric leakage demonstration simultaneously, expectation can be made as the simple structure of trying one's best and realize cost.
The present invention In view of the foregoing completes, and a kind of earth detector that can identify as early as possible common electric leakage and lightning surge is provided.
The present invention In view of the foregoing completes, and provides a kind of and can implement with simple and cheap structure the earth detector of electrical leakage breaking and electric leakage demonstration simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
Earth detector based on an embodiment of the invention possesses: zero phase current transformer, and alternating circuit connects this zero phase current transformer; Integral operation section, its output voltage to above-mentioned zero phase current transformer carries out integration; The integrated value comparing section, it is in the situation that the operation result of above-mentioned integral operation section is greater than specialized range, the output first signal; The waveform judegment part, it detects flex point the counting of the output voltage waveforms of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer, in the situation that the quantity of above-mentioned flex point reaches stated number, exports secondary signal; And detection of electrical leakage section, it is in the situation that exported above-mentioned first signal and exported above-mentioned secondary signal by above-mentioned waveform judegment part by above-mentioned integrated value comparing section, and output means in above-mentioned alternating circuit to have produced the detection of electrical leakage signal of electric leakage.
Expectation, above-mentioned waveform judegment part starts the detection of above-mentioned flex point when the output voltage of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer is positive voltage or negative voltage.
In addition, expectation, above-mentioned integral operation section obtains the effective value of the output voltage of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer with integral operation.
In addition, above-mentioned integral operation section also can obtain with integral operation the mean value of the output voltage of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer.
Above-mentioned waveform judegment part also can possess: the pulse generating unit, and its output voltage waveforms based on above-mentioned zero phase current transformer produces pulse; And step-by-step counting section, its quantity to the pulse by above-mentioned pulse generating unit generation is counted, in the situation that the quantity of above-mentioned pulse reaches the above-mentioned secondary signal of stated number output.
Expectation, above-mentioned pulse generating unit, in the situation that the output voltage of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer is greater than specialized range, produces above-mentioned pulse.
In addition, above-mentioned pulse generating unit also can, in the situation that the output voltage of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer is greater than the state continuance of specialized range more than the stipulated time, produce above-mentioned pulse.
In addition, expectation, above-mentioned pulse generating unit in the situation that start produces after above-mentioned pulse the output voltage of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer and becomes and be less than assigned voltage, stops the generation of above-mentioned pulse.
In addition, above-mentioned pulse generating unit also can be configured in the situation that from starting to produce above-mentioned pulse through the stipulated time, stop the generation of above-mentioned pulse.
In addition, above-mentioned pulse generating unit also can be configured to from producing the first pulse through stopping the generation of the second pulse before the stipulated time.
Expectation, above-mentioned step-by-step counting section is counted the quantity of the rising edge of the pulse that produced by above-mentioned pulse generating unit, in the situation that this quantity reaches the above-mentioned secondary signal of stated number output.
Above-mentioned step-by-step counting section also can be configured in the situation that the pulsewidth of the pulse produced by above-mentioned pulse generating unit is counted more than Rack, in the situation that its quantity reaches the above-mentioned secondary signal of stated number output.
In addition, above-mentioned step-by-step counting section also can be configured to the quantity of the negative edge of the pulse to being produced by above-mentioned pulse generating unit and be counted, in the situation that this quantity reaches the above-mentioned secondary signal of stated number output.
In addition, above-mentioned step-by-step counting section also can stop the counting of the second pulse before from the first pulse to being produced by above-mentioned pulse generating unit count through the stipulated time.
Above-mentioned waveform judegment part also can possess the count value changing unit, this count value changing unit is in the situation that the pulse output width of the pulse based on being produced by above-mentioned pulse generating unit is more than Rack, and the count value counted to get by above-mentioned step-by-step counting section is changed.
Expectation, above-mentioned pulse output width be put the output start time of the pulse from being produced by above-mentioned pulse generating unit the end of output time point the time wide.
Above-mentioned pulse output width can be also the output start time point of the output start time of the first pulse from being produced by above-mentioned pulse generating unit putting second pulse continuous with above-mentioned the first pulse the time wide.
In addition, above-mentioned pulse output width can be also the first pulse from being produced by above-mentioned pulse generating unit the end of output time point to the end of output time point with continuous the second pulse of above-mentioned the first pulse the time wide.
In addition, above-mentioned pulse output width can be also the first pulse from being produced by above-mentioned pulse generating unit output start time o'clock to the end of output time point of the second pulse the time wide.
In addition, earth detector also can also possess pulse and produce the condition changing unit, and this pulse produces the count value of condition changing unit based on being counted to get by above-mentioned step-by-step counting section, changes the generation condition of the pulse of above-mentioned pulse generating unit.
What expect is, above-mentioned pulse produces the condition changing unit at least one party in voltage threshold and pulse width threshold is changed, wherein, this voltage threshold is used when judging whether above-mentioned pulse generating unit produces pulse, and this pulse width threshold is used when determining whether that paired pulses is counted.
In addition, above-mentioned pulse generating unit also can produce positive lateral vein punching and minus side pulse, this positive lateral vein rushes the pulse of the output voltage of the positive side that is based on above-mentioned zero phase current transformer, this minus side pulse is based on the pulse of output voltage of the minus side of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer, above-mentioned step-by-step counting section is counted above-mentioned positive lateral vein punching and above-mentioned minus side pulse, in the situation that at least one party in the quantity of the quantity of above-mentioned positive lateral vein punching and above-mentioned minus side pulse is more than stated number, export above-mentioned secondary signal.
In addition, earth detector also can also possess signal input part, and this signal input part input is for making above-mentioned integrated value comparing section export above-mentioned first signal or making the waveform judegment part export the signal output indicator signal of above-mentioned secondary signal.
Expectation, above-mentioned signal input part is inputted above-mentioned signal output indicator signal from non-essential resistance.
In addition, earth detector also can also possess: integration part, and its output voltage to above-mentioned zero phase current transformer carries out integration; And the operation result efferent, it carries out exporting accordingly with the operation result of above-mentioned integration part, and wherein, above-mentioned operation result efferent and above-mentioned detection of electrical leakage section also can be by module compositions.
Expectation, above-mentioned detection of electrical leakage section by above-mentioned integration part as above-mentioned integral operation section.
In addition, above-mentioned integration part also can be configured to, and with above-mentioned integral operation section, compares, and the output voltage of the above-mentioned zero phase current transformer between more long-term is averaged calculating mean value, and this mean value is carried out to integration.
What expect is, above-mentioned operation result efferent is exported caution signal in the situation that the operation result of above-mentioned integration part is greater than than the specialized range of the narrow range of following voltage threshold, wherein, this voltage threshold is used determining whether while by above-mentioned integrated value comparing section, exporting above-mentioned first signal.
In addition, above-mentioned operation result efferent also can be configured to the operation result according to above-mentioned integration part, and the way of output when exporting above-mentioned caution signal is changed.
Earth detector also can also possess the operation result storage part, the information of the operation result of the above-mentioned integration part of this operation result storage portion stores stipulated time amount.
In addition, expectation, earth detector also possesses external terminal portions, and this external terminal portions is for exporting the information of the operation result that above-mentioned operation result storage part stores.
In addition, also can also possess information output part, the information output of the operation result that this information output part is stored above-mentioned operation result storage part is to storage medium.
In addition, also can also possess the information sending part, the information of the operation result that this information sending part is stored above-mentioned operation result storage part sends to external server.
The earth detector of other embodiment of the present invention possesses: zero phase current transformer, and alternating circuit connects this zero phase current transformer; The first integral operational part, its output voltage to above-mentioned zero phase current transformer carries out integration; Detection of electrical leakage section, its operation result based on above-mentioned first integral operational part, output means in above-mentioned alternating circuit to have produced the detection of electrical leakage signal of electric leakage; The second integral operational part, its output voltage to above-mentioned zero phase current transformer carries out integration; And the operation result efferent, it carries out exporting accordingly with the operation result of above-mentioned second integral operational part, and wherein, above-mentioned operation result efferent and above-mentioned detection of electrical leakage section are by a module composition.
Expectation, above-mentioned detection of electrical leakage section by above-mentioned second integral operational part as above-mentioned first integral operational part.
In addition, above-mentioned second integral operational part also can be configured to, and with above-mentioned first integral operational part, compares, and the output voltage of the above-mentioned zero phase current transformer between more long-term is averaged calculating mean value, and this mean value is carried out to integration.
What expect is, possesses the integrated value comparing section, this integrated value comparing section is in the situation that the operation result of above-mentioned first integral operational part is greater than specialized range, the output first signal, above-mentioned operation result efferent is exported caution signal in the situation that the operation result of above-mentioned second integral operational part is greater than than the specialized range of the narrow range of following voltage threshold, wherein, this voltage threshold is used determining whether while by above-mentioned integrated value comparing section, exporting above-mentioned first signal.
In addition, above-mentioned operation result efferent also can be configured to the operation result according to above-mentioned second integral operational part, and the way of output when exporting above-mentioned caution signal is changed.
Earth detector also can also possess the operation result storage part, the information of the operation result of the above-mentioned second integral operational part of this operation result storage portion stores stipulated time amount.
In addition, expectation, earth detector also possesses external terminal portions, and this external terminal portions is for exporting the information of the operation result that above-mentioned operation result storage part stores.
In addition, also can also possess information output part, the information output of the operation result that this information output part is stored above-mentioned operation result storage part is to storage medium.
In addition, also can be configured to and also possess the information sending part, the information of the operation result that this information sending part is stored above-mentioned operation result storage part sends to external server.
In addition, also can also possess: the integrated value comparing section, it exports first signal in the situation that the operation result of above-mentioned first integral operational part is greater than specialized range; And waveform judegment part, it detects flex point the counting of the output voltage waveforms of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer, in the situation that reaching stated number, the quantity of above-mentioned flex point exports secondary signal, wherein, above-mentioned detection of electrical leakage section in the situation that exported above-mentioned first signal and exported above-mentioned secondary signal by above-mentioned waveform judegment part by above-mentioned integrated value comparing section, exports above-mentioned detection of electrical leakage signal.
Expectation, above-mentioned waveform judegment part starts the detection of above-mentioned flex point when the output voltage of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer is positive voltage or negative voltage.
In addition, expectation, above-mentioned first integral operational part is obtained the effective value of the output voltage of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer with integral operation.
In addition, above-mentioned first integral operational part also can be obtained with integral operation the mean value of the output voltage of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer.
Above-mentioned waveform judegment part also can possess: the pulse generating unit, and its output voltage waveforms based on above-mentioned zero phase current transformer produces pulse; And step-by-step counting section, its quantity to the pulse by above-mentioned pulse generating unit generation is counted, in the situation that the quantity of above-mentioned pulse reaches the above-mentioned secondary signal of stated number output.
Expectation, above-mentioned pulse generating unit, in the situation that the output voltage of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer is greater than specialized range, produces above-mentioned pulse.
In addition, above-mentioned pulse generating unit also can, in the situation that the output voltage of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer is greater than the state continuance of specialized range more than the stipulated time, produce above-mentioned pulse.
In addition, expectation, above-mentioned pulse generating unit in the situation that start produces after above-mentioned pulse the output voltage of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer and becomes and be less than assigned voltage, stops the generation of above-mentioned pulse.
In addition, above-mentioned pulse generating unit also can be configured in the situation that from starting to produce above-mentioned pulse through the stipulated time, stop the generation of above-mentioned pulse.
In addition, above-mentioned pulse generating unit also can be configured to from producing the first pulse through stopping the generation of the second pulse before the stipulated time.
Expectation, above-mentioned step-by-step counting section is counted the quantity of the rising edge of the pulse that produced by above-mentioned pulse generating unit, in the situation that this quantity reaches the above-mentioned secondary signal of stated number output.
Above-mentioned step-by-step counting section also can be configured in the situation that the pulsewidth of the pulse produced by above-mentioned pulse generating unit is counted more than Rack, in the situation that its quantity reaches the above-mentioned secondary signal of stated number output.
In addition, above-mentioned step-by-step counting section also can be configured to the quantity of the negative edge of the pulse to being produced by above-mentioned pulse generating unit and be counted, in the situation that this quantity reaches the above-mentioned secondary signal of stated number output.
In addition, above-mentioned step-by-step counting section also can stop the counting of the second pulse before from the first pulse to being produced by above-mentioned pulse generating unit count through the stipulated time.
Above-mentioned waveform judegment part also can possess the count value changing unit, this count value changing unit is in the situation that the pulse output width of the pulse based on being produced by above-mentioned pulse generating unit is more than Rack, and the count value counted to get by above-mentioned step-by-step counting section is changed.
Expectation, above-mentioned pulse output width be put the output start time of the pulse from being produced by above-mentioned pulse generating unit the end of output time point the time wide.
Above-mentioned pulse output width can be also the output start time point of the output start time of the first pulse from being produced by above-mentioned pulse generating unit putting second pulse continuous with above-mentioned the first pulse the time wide.
In addition, above-mentioned pulse output width can be also the first pulse from being produced by above-mentioned pulse generating unit the end of output time point to the end of output time point with continuous the second pulse of above-mentioned the first pulse the time wide.
In addition, above-mentioned pulse output width can be also the first pulse from being produced by above-mentioned pulse generating unit output start time o'clock to the end of output time point of the second pulse the time wide.
In addition, earth detector also can also possess pulse and produce the condition changing unit, and this pulse produces the count value of condition changing unit based on being counted to get by above-mentioned step-by-step counting section, changes the generation condition of the pulse of above-mentioned pulse generating unit.
What expect is, above-mentioned pulse produces the condition changing unit at least one party in voltage threshold and pulse width threshold is changed, wherein, this voltage threshold is used when judging whether above-mentioned pulse generating unit produces pulse, and this pulse width threshold is used when determining whether that paired pulses is counted.
In addition, above-mentioned pulse generating unit also can produce positive lateral vein punching and minus side pulse, this positive lateral vein rushes the pulse of the output voltage of the positive side that is based on above-mentioned zero phase current transformer, this minus side pulse is based on the pulse of output voltage of the minus side of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer, above-mentioned step-by-step counting section is counted above-mentioned positive lateral vein punching and above-mentioned minus side pulse, in the situation that at least one party in the quantity of the quantity of above-mentioned positive lateral vein punching and above-mentioned minus side pulse is more than stated number, export above-mentioned secondary signal.
In addition, earth detector also can also possess signal input part, and this signal input part input is for making above-mentioned integrated value comparing section export above-mentioned first signal or making the waveform judegment part export the signal output indicator signal of above-mentioned secondary signal.
Expectation, above-mentioned signal input part is inputted above-mentioned signal output indicator signal from non-essential resistance.
The effect of invention
According to the present invention, can identify as early as possible common electric leakage and lightning surge.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Explanation by following accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment comes purpose clearly of the present invention and feature.
Fig. 1 means the circuit block diagram of the structure example of the earth detector in the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 means the circuit block diagram of the detailed construction example of the waveform judegment part in the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the time diagram of the 1st action case of the earth detector for the first embodiment of the present invention is described.
Fig. 4 is the time diagram of the 2nd action case of the earth detector for the first embodiment of the present invention is described.
Fig. 5 is the time diagram of the 3rd action case of the earth detector for the first embodiment of the present invention is described.
Fig. 6 is the time diagram of the 4th action case of the earth detector for the first embodiment of the present invention is described.
Fig. 7 is the time diagram of the 5th action case of the earth detector for the first embodiment of the present invention is described.
Fig. 8 means the circuit block diagram of the detailed construction example of the waveform judegment part in the second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the time diagram of the action case of the earth detector for the second embodiment of the present invention is described.
Figure 10 means the circuit block diagram of the detailed construction example of the waveform judegment part in the 3rd embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 11 is the time diagram of the action case of the earth detector for the 3rd embodiment of the present invention is described.
Figure 12 means the circuit block diagram of the detailed construction example of the waveform judegment part in the 4th embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 13 is the time diagram of the action case of the earth detector for the 4th embodiment of the present invention is described.
Figure 14 means the circuit block diagram of the structure example of the earth detector in the 5th embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 15 means the block diagram of the 1st structure example of the earth detector in the 6th embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 16 means the block diagram of the 2nd structure example of the earth detector in the 6th embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 17 means the block diagram of the 3rd structure example of the earth detector in the 6th embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 18 means the block diagram of the 4th structure example of the earth detector in the 6th embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 19 means the block diagram of the 5th structure example of the earth detector in the 6th embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 20 means the block diagram of the 6th structure example of the earth detector in the 6th embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below, the accompanying drawing that reference forms the part of this instructions illustrates in greater detail embodiments of the present invention.In institute's drawings attached, to the additional same reference marker of same or similar part, also description thereof is omitted.
(the first embodiment)
Fig. 1 means the block diagram of the structure example of the earth detector in the first embodiment of the present invention.Earth detector 100 shown in Fig. 1 be configured to there is zero phase current transformer 10, integral operation section 20, integrated value comparing section 30, waveform judegment part 40, detection of electrical leakage section 50.
Zero phase current transformer 10 consists of the iron core (core) of ring-type and the coil that is wound on the anchor ring shape on this core, wherein, this iron core is formed by magnetics such as soft magnetic materials, and a plurality of Primary Conductor of alternating circuit that form the electrical current of the three-phase of flowing through connect this iron core.In the situation that the mobile electric current of alternating circuit De Yanwang road direction and produced difference between mobile electric current along the return road direction produces the leakage current based on this difference in zero phase current transformer 10.And, produce the induced voltage corresponding with leakage current at the two ends of coil.Zero phase current transformer 10 using this induced voltage as zero phase current transformer 10 output voltage, be that the ZCT output voltage outputs to integral operation section 20 and waveform judegment part 40.In addition, though illustrated, in order from zero phase current transformer 10, to obtain Voltage-output, with zero phase current transformer 10, be inserted with in parallel resistive element.
Integral operation section 20 consists of integrating circuit etc., and the ZCT output voltage is added up, and the voltage (accumulation voltage) of accumulative total gained is outputed to integrated value comparing section 30 as output voltage.
In addition, integral operation section 20 also can obtain with integral operation the effective value of ZCT output voltage.For example, the square value of ZCT output voltage is carried out the integration of one-period amount and, divided by time of one-period, obtains the square root of its value.In this case, can detect more accurately leakage current, thereby improve the detection of electrical leakage performance to distorted wave.In addition, integral operation section 20 also can obtain with integral operation the mean value of ZCT output voltage.For example, the absolute value of ZCT output voltage is carried out the integration of one-period amount and, divided by time of one-period, calculates absolute value average.The average value of this absolute value in integrated value comparing section 30 for comparing.In this case, with the situation of obtaining effective value, compare and can reduce operand, thereby can form earth detector 100 with low cost.
Integrated value comparing section 30 consists of comparator circuit etc., in the situation that the operation result of integral operation section 20 is that the absolute value of integrated value is for more than the integrated value decision threshold th1 as setting, to the 50 output voltage H (with reference to Fig. 3) of detection of electrical leakage section.At this, integrated value decision threshold th1 is positive number.On the other hand, in the situation that the absolute value of aggregate-value is less than integrated value decision threshold th1, to the 50 output voltage L of detection of electrical leakage section.The situation that the output voltage of integrated value comparing section 30 is voltage H is equivalent to the situation of integrated value comparing section 30 output specified signal (first signal).In addition, voltage H is higher than voltage L.
Waveform judegment part 40 detects flex point the counting of the voltage waveform of ZCT output voltage, in the situation that the quantity of this flex point reaches stated number, to the 50 output voltage H of detection of electrical leakage section.On the other hand, in the situation that the quantity of flex point does not reach stated number, to the 50 output voltage L of detection of electrical leakage section.The situation that the output voltage of waveform judegment part 40 is voltage H is equivalent to the situation of waveform judegment part 40 output specified signal (secondary signal).Stated number is such as being " 2 ", " 3 " etc. herein.In addition, the detailed construction of waveform judegment part 40 is narrated in the back.
In addition, waveform judegment part 40 starts the detection of above-mentioned flex point both can be when the ZCT output voltage had been positive voltage, starts the detection of above-mentioned flex point also can be when the ZCT output voltage is negative voltage.Thus, can carry out at high speed the detection of flex point, in the situation that common electric leakage can be cut off alternating circuit more at high speed.
Detection of electrical leakage section 50 is by formations such as " with (AND) " circuit, in the situation that the output voltage that the output voltage of integrated value comparing section 30 is voltage H and waveform judegment part 40 is voltage H, and output voltage H.The situation that the output voltage of detection of electrical leakage section 50 is voltage H is equivalent to the situation that output means in alternating circuit to have produced the detection of electrical leakage signal leaked electricity.In addition, the detection of electrical leakage signal is sent as (for cutting off alternating circuit) shutoff signal of the circuit contact for disconnecting alternating circuit the breaking coil (not shown) that disconnects the foregoing circuit contact.Its result, the circuit contact of alternating circuit is disconnected.
The detailed construction of waveform judegment part 40 then, is described.Fig. 2 means the block diagram of the detailed construction example of waveform judegment part 40.Waveform judegment part 40 shown in Fig. 2 be configured to there is pulse generating unit 41, step-by-step counting section 42.
Pulse generating unit 41 consists of pulse-generating circuit etc., based on the ZCT output voltage, produces pulse.In the example of Fig. 3, the voltage of the short time of assigned voltage value (voltage H) is output as pulse.
Step-by-step counting section 42 consists of impulse meter etc., and the quantity of the pulse that produced by pulse generating unit 41 is counted, in the situation that the quantity of pulse reaches stated number, output voltage is made as to voltage H, exports above-mentioned secondary signal.On the other hand, in the situation that the quantity of pulse does not reach stated number, output voltage is made as to voltage L, does not export above-mentioned secondary signal.
The action of the earth detector 100 of present embodiment then, is described.Fig. 3 is the time diagram of the 1st action case of the earth detector 100 for present embodiment is described.
In the example of Fig. 3, suppose pulse generating unit 41 in the situation that the absolute value of ZCT output voltage is to produce the narrow pulse of width more than leakage current detection threshold th2.At this, leakage current detection threshold th2 is positive number.The pulse of this pulse generating unit 41 produces the flex point that action is equivalent to detect output voltage waveforms.Thus, can, because lightning surge carries out misoperation, can, in the situation that the leakage current value of expectation is moved, not detect more at high speed electric leakage.On the other hand, in the situation that the absolute value of ZCT output voltage is less than leakage current detection threshold th2, do not produce pulse.In addition, at this, when rising, pulse counted by step-by-step counting section 42.
" leakage current " of Fig. 3 means the leakage current produced in the zero phase current transformer 10 in each situation (common electric leakage, lightning surge).As shown in Figure 3, in the situation that common electric leakage produces periodic leakage current, in the situation that lightning surge generation current value is larger and temporary leakage current.
The output voltage (ZCT output voltage) of the zero phase current transformer 10 that " ZCT output " expression of Fig. 3 is corresponding with the leakage current in each situation.
" output of pulse generating unit " of Fig. 3 means the output voltage of the pulse generating unit 41 in each situation.In the example of Fig. 3, in the situation that the common electric leakage during same produces 3 wave impulses, and, in the situation that lightning surge produces 2 wave impulses, produce more pulse when common electric leakage.
" counter " of Fig. 3 means the count value that the step-by-step counting section 42 in each situation keeps.
" the counter output " of Fig. 3 means the output voltage of the step-by-step counting section 42 in each situation.In the example of Fig. 3, when producing the pulse of the 3rd ripple, the output voltage of step-by-step counting section 42 becomes voltage H.
" the integral operation output " of Fig. 3 means the output voltage of the integral operation section 20 in each situation.
" integrated value is relatively exported " of Fig. 3 means the output voltage of the integrated value comparing section 30 in each situation.
" output of detection of electrical leakage signal " of Fig. 3 means the output voltage of the detection of electrical leakage section 50 in each situation.
According to this 1st action case, can identify as early as possible common electric leakage and lightning surge.
Fig. 4 is the time diagram of the 2nd action case of the earth detector 100 for present embodiment is described.
In the example of Fig. 4, suppose pulse generating unit 41 in the situation that the absolute value of ZCT output voltage is state continuance more than leakage current detection threshold th2 and produce the narrow pulse of width more than the stipulated time.On the other hand, in the situation that the absolute value of ZCT output voltage is less than leakage current detection threshold th2, or, in the situation that the absolute value of ZCT output voltage is state more than leakage current detection threshold th2 more than the not lasting stipulated time, do not produce pulse.
As shown in Figure 4, in the time of the magnitude of voltage of consideration ZCT output voltage, also consider continuing of stipulated time, therefore, compare with Fig. 3, " output of pulse generating unit " timing after delay stipulated time is output.In the present embodiment, step-by-step counting section 42 is counted at the rising edge paired pulses of pulse.The timing of correspondingly, " counter ", " counter output ", " output of detection of electrical leakage signal " also postpones.Thus, can, because lightning surge carries out misoperation, can, in the situation that the leakage current value of expectation is moved, not detect more at high speed electric leakage.And also strong to antimierophonic ability, robustness improves.
In addition, in Fig. 4, omitted the diagram of " integral operation output ", " integrated value is relatively exported ", " output of detection of electrical leakage signal ".
Fig. 5 is the time diagram of the 3rd action case for earth detector 100 is described.
In the example of Fig. 5, the generation of stop pulse when the absolute value of supposing pulse generating unit 41 ZCT output voltage after starting to produce pulse becomes and is less than pulse and stops decision threshold th3.On the other hand, in the situation that the absolute value of ZCT output voltage is pulse stop decision threshold th3 more than, continue to produce pulse.At this, th2 > th3 > 0.
Thereby, as shown in Fig. 5 " output of pulse generating unit ", till becoming more than leakage current detection threshold th2 and play this absolute value and become and be less than pulse and stop decision threshold th3 from the absolute value of ZCT output voltage, produce a pulse.In addition, at this, when descending, pulse counted by step-by-step counting section 42.Thereby, compare the constant time lag of " counter ", " counter output ", " output of detection of electrical leakage signal " with situation about being counted when pulse is risen.
In addition, in Fig. 5, omitted the diagram of " integral operation output ", " integrated value is relatively exported ", " output of detection of electrical leakage signal ".
In addition, at this, show the situation of considering voltage in order to determine pulse stand-by time point, but also can the consideration time replace voltage.For example, pulse generating unit 41 also can be as described later as shown in Figure 6, at stop pulse during through stipulated time (Rack) t2 from starting to produce pulse.If this mode, start to produce the postimpulse stipulated time during in, noise can not affect detection of electrical leakage.
Fig. 6 is the time diagram of the 4th action case of the earth detector 100 for present embodiment is described.
In the example of Fig. 6, suppose that pulse generating unit 41 does not produce at the appointed time next pulse after generation has the pulse of Rack t2.That is, suppose that pulse generating unit 41 stops the generation of the second pulse before from producing the first pulse through the stipulated time.In the example of Fig. 6, only be applied to the situation of common electric leakage during this pulse output shielding.
In the example of Fig. 6, in common electric leakage, the generation that comprises a pulse in during the output shielding of the pulse as the stipulated time regularly.In this case, second pulse that should be produced by pulse generating unit 41 is overlapping during shielding with output, so this second pulse generation after finishing during this output shielding.Thereby the count value of step-by-step counting can postpone a pulse and be counted.
In addition, in the example shown in the lightning surge of Fig. 6, suppose by producing the first pulse and the second pulse during the 41 no-output shieldings of pulse generating unit, step-by-step counting section 42 is counted at pulse negative edge paired pulses, from being counted, the first pulse through before the stipulated time, stops the counting of the second pulse.In the example of Fig. 6, only be applied to the situation of lightning surge during this counting shielding.
In the example shown in lightning surge, the counting and timing that comprises a pulse in during the counting as stipulated time shielding.In this case, the second pulse that should be counted by step-by-step counting section 42 is overlapping during shielding with counting, so this second pulse is being counted after finishing during this counting shielding.Thereby the count value of step-by-step counting can postpone a pulse and be counted.Thereby, the constant time lag of " counter ", therefore with its correspondingly, the timing of " counter output ", " output of detection of electrical leakage signal " also postpones.
In addition, in Fig. 6, omitted the diagram of " integral operation output ", " integrated value is relatively exported ", " output of detection of electrical leakage signal ".
Like this, by during the pluse shielding that the stipulated time is set or during the counting shielding, can correctly carry out the pulse generation or carry out step-by-step counting.Particularly the error detection of lightning surge can be prevented, the misoperation of earth detector 100 can be prevented.In addition, in the present embodiment, the generation that comprises a pulse in during pulse output shielding regularly, the counting and timing that comprises a pulse in during the counting shielding, therefore, when second pulse is counted, the output voltage of step-by-step counting section 42 becomes voltage H.
Fig. 7 is the time diagram of the 5th action case of the earth detector 100 for present embodiment is described.
In the example of Fig. 7, pulse generating unit 41 produces a pulse till becoming more than leakage current detection threshold th2 and play this absolute value and become and be less than leakage current detection threshold th2 from the absolute value of ZCT output voltage.In addition, suppose step-by-step counting section 42 in the situation that the pulsewidth of the pulse produced by pulse generating unit 41 (time wide) for to be counted more than Rack A.On the other hand, in the situation that the pulsewidth of pulse is less than Rack A, as pulse, do not counted.
In addition, at this, when descending, pulse counted by step-by-step counting section 42.Thereby, compare the constant time lag of " counter ", " counter output ", " output of detection of electrical leakage signal " with situation about being counted when pulse is risen.
In addition, in Fig. 7, omitted the diagram of " integral operation output ", " integrated value is relatively exported ", " output of detection of electrical leakage signal ".According to this action case, can easily lightning surge and common electric leakage be distinguished to be detected.
(the second embodiment)
As shown in Figure 8, the earth detector 100 of the second embodiment possesses waveform judegment part 40B and replaces the waveform judegment part 40 shown in the first embodiment.In addition, to the identical structure of the earth detector 100 with shown in the first embodiment of the earth detector 100 of present embodiment, give same tag, description thereof is omitted.
Fig. 8 means the block diagram of the structure example of the waveform judegment part 40B in the second embodiment of the present invention.Waveform judegment part 40B shown in Fig. 8, except possessing pulse generating unit 41 and step-by-step counting section 42, also possesses count value changing unit 43.
Count value changing unit 43 consists of control circuit etc., the pulse output width of the pulse of detection based on being produced by pulse generating unit 41, be more than Rack or be less than Rack in the situation that width is exported in this pulse, the count value of pulse count section 42 is changed.For example, can be in the situation that width be exported in pulse is to make count value increase 1 more than Rack, in the situation that pulse output width is to make count value reduce 1 below Rack.
In the present embodiment, pulse generating unit 41 absolute values at the ZCT output voltage are to produce pulse in the interval more than leakage current detection threshold th2.In addition, at the negative edge paired pulses of each pulse, counted.At this, " pulse output width " following (with reference to Fig. 9 described later).
(A) the time wide A1 (using in this case threshold value T1) from the output start time point (rise time point) of the pulse P1 as the first pulse to end of output time point (some fall time)
(B) put the time wide A2 (using in this case threshold value T2) as the output start time point of the pulse P2 with continuous the second pulse of the first pulse from the output start time of the pulse P1 as the first pulse
(C) the time wide A3 (using in this case threshold value T3) from the end of output time point of pulse P1 to the end of output time point of pulse P2
(D) put the time wide A4 (using in this case threshold value T4) of the end of output time point of pulse P2 from the output start time of pulse P1
Fig. 9 is the time diagram of the action case of the earth detector 100 for present embodiment is described.
In the example of Fig. 9, at pulse output width A3, be that threshold value T3 makes Counter Value increase 1 when above.Thus, can set neatly the timing that makes the count value change.Thereby, the some pulse output width that is set as by by each time in wide A1～A4, can not postpone the actuation time of earth detector 100, can prevent misoperation.
Therefore in the example shown in Fig. 9, in the situation that the pulsewidth A3 between common electric leakage pulse P1 and P2 is greater than threshold value T3, at the negative edge time point of pulse P2, count value is increased to 3 from 1, at this time point, from step-by-step counting section 42, produces voltage H.
In addition, in Fig. 9, omitted the diagram of " integral operation output ", " integrated value is relatively exported ", " output of detection of electrical leakage signal ".
(the 3rd embodiment)
The earth detector 100 of the 3rd embodiment possesses waveform judegment part 40C and replaces the waveform judegment part 40 shown in the first embodiment.In addition, to the identical structure of the earth detector 100 with shown in the first embodiment of the earth detector 100 of present embodiment, give same tag, description thereof is omitted.
Figure 10 means the block diagram of the structure example of the waveform judegment part 40C in the 3rd embodiment of the present invention.Waveform judegment part 40C shown in Figure 10, except possessing pulse generating unit 41 and step-by-step counting section 42, also possesses pulse and produces condition changing unit 44.
Pulse produces condition changing unit 44 and consists of control circuit etc., the count value based on being counted to get by step-by-step counting section 42, and the generation condition of the pulse of paired pulses generating unit 41 and/or the step-by-step counting condition of step-by-step counting section 42 are changed.Generation condition as pulse, have voltage threshold, and this voltage threshold is used when judging whether pulse generating unit 41 produces pulse, as the step-by-step counting condition, pulsewidth (time wide) threshold value etc. arranged.Pulse produces condition changing unit 44 and for example for example, for example, at least one party in this voltage threshold (" the leakage current detection threshold th2 " that illustrate in the first embodiment) and pulse width threshold (" the Rack A " that illustrate in the first embodiment) is changed.
Figure 11 is the time diagram of the action case of the earth detector 100 for present embodiment is described.
In the example of Figure 11, in the situation that the peak pulse duration A of the first pulse and the second pulse is long, at the negative edge of pulse, counted, pulse produces condition changing unit 44 and is output as the time threshold that the pulse of the time point pulse count section 42 of " 2 " produces while judging at counter and is changed.That is to say, at the time point that count down to 2, for the time threshold of pulse generating unit 41, change to instantaneous detection.That is to say, counted at the rising edge of pulse.Thus, can prevent the misoperation of the earth detector 100 that lightning surge etc. causes, and in the situation that common electric leakage can be cut off alternating circuit more at high speed.
In addition, in Figure 11, omitted the diagram of " integral operation output ", " integrated value is relatively exported ", " output of detection of electrical leakage signal ".
(the 4th embodiment)
The earth detector 100 of the 4th embodiment possesses waveform judegment part 40D and replaces the waveform judegment part 40 shown in the first embodiment.In addition, to the identical structure of the earth detector 100 with shown in the first embodiment of the earth detector 100 of present embodiment, give same tag, description thereof is omitted.
Figure 12 means the block diagram of the structure example of the waveform judegment part 40D in the 4th embodiment of the present invention.Waveform judegment part 40D shown in Figure 12 possesses that positive lateral vein rushes generating unit 41A, minus side pulse generating unit 41B, positive lateral vein rushes count section 42A and the minus side step-by-step counting 42B of section.
Positive lateral vein rushes generating unit 41A and produces positive lateral vein punching, and this positive lateral vein punching is based on the pulse of the ZCT output voltage of positive side.Minus side pulse generating unit 41B produces the minus side pulse, and this minus side pulse is based on the pulse of the ZCT output voltage of minus side.In addition, the condition that produces the punching of positive lateral vein or minus side pulse based on the ZCT output voltage with illustrate before identical.
Positive lateral vein rushes count section 42A and aligns lateral vein and rush in the row counting, in the situation that this count number is, more than stated number, output voltage to be made as to voltage H, and the output secondary signal.The minus side step-by-step counting 42B of section to minus side pulse counted, in the situation that this count number is more than stated number, output voltage is made as to voltage H, output secondary signal.Thereby, in the situation that at least one party in the quantity of the quantity of positive lateral vein punching and minus side pulse is for exporting secondary signal more than stated number.In addition, align condition that lateral vein punching or minus side pulse counted with illustrate before identical.
Figure 13 is the time diagram of the action case of the earth detector 100 for present embodiment is described.
Figure 13 " positive lateral vein rushes generating unit output " means that the positive lateral vein in each situation rushes the output voltage of generating unit 41A.In the example of Figure 13, in the situation that the common electric leakage during same produces the positive lateral vein punching of 2 ripple, and, in the situation that lightning surge produces the positive lateral vein punching of 1 ripple, produce more pulse when common electric leakage.
Figure 13 " positive side counter " means that the positive lateral vein in each situation rushes the count value that count section 42A keeps.
" output of minus side pulse generating unit " of Figure 13 means the output voltage of the minus side pulse generating unit 41B in each situation.In the example of Figure 13, in the situation that the common electric leakage during same produces 1 ripple minus side pulse, and in the situation that lightning surge also produces 1 ripple minus side pulse.
" the minus side counter " of Figure 13 means the count value that the minus side step-by-step counting 42B of section in each situation keeps.
" the counter output " of Figure 13 means to have considered the output of positive side counter and minus side counter.In the example of Figure 13, in the situation that, more than at least one party of positive lateral vein in rushing count section 42A and the minus side step-by-step counting 42B of section count down to 2 ripples by least one party in positive lateral vein punching and minus side pulse, the output voltage that counter is exported becomes voltage H.Thereby, in the example of Figure 13, only in the situation that common electric leakage, counter output becomes voltage H.In addition, though illustrated, the output that positive lateral vein rushes count section 42A, the minus side step-by-step counting 42B of section outputs to electric leakage efferent 50 by OR-gate (OR gate).
In addition, in Figure 13, omitted the diagram of " integral operation output ", " integrated value is relatively exported ", " output of detection of electrical leakage signal ".
Like this, the positive side of ZCT output voltage and minus side pulse generation and step-by-step counting can be distinguished to carry out, the half-wave electric leakage can be easily detected thus.
(the 5th embodiment)
Figure 14 means the block diagram of the structure example of the earth detector E in the 5th embodiment of the present invention.Earth detector 100E possesses zero phase current transformer 10, integral operation section 20, integrated value comparing section 30, waveform judegment part 40, the 50E of detection of electrical leakage section and as a plurality of logical operation section of integrated circuit.At this, exemplified with possessing the first logical operation section 60 and the second logical operation section 70 situation as a plurality of logical circuit section, but be not limited to this.In addition, also can replace waveform judegment part 40 with the waveform judegment part 40B～40D of explanation before.The identical structure of the earth detector 100 with shown in the first～four embodiment to the earth detector 100E of present embodiment is given same tag, and description thereof is omitted.
The first logical operation section 60 and the second logical operation section 70 have the function as signal input part, and this signal input part input is that voltage H (that is to say and make its output first signal) and the signal that is voltage H (that is to say and make it export secondary signal) for the output voltage that makes waveform judegment part 40 are exported indicator signal for the output voltage that makes integrated value comparing section 30.Thereby, by these circuit parts, can the polyalgorithm illustrated in the first embodiment～the 4th embodiment be changed.That is to say, the first logical operation section 60 and the second logical operation section 70 according to from outside signal, independently export first signal and secondary signal to the 50E of detection of electrical leakage section with the output of integrated value comparing section 30 and waveform judegment part 40 respectively.
The first logical operation section 60 is by formations such as " or (OR) " circuit, in the situation that at least one party in the output voltage of the output voltage of integrated value comparing section 30 and external circuit part is voltage H, and output voltage H.
The second logical operation section 70 is by formations such as " or (OR) " circuit, in the situation that at least one party in the output voltage of the output voltage of waveform judegment part 40 and external circuit part is voltage H, and output voltage H.
In addition, as the external circuit part of the first logical operation section 60 and the second logical operation section 70, consider the Chip-R of low capacity.This Chip-R is connected with the input pin (pin) of the first logical operation section 60, the second logical operation section 70.Thus, can form at an easy rate the circuit that external circuit part is included.Also can be like this from non-essential resistance input signal output indicator signal.
The 50E of detection of electrical leakage section is by formations such as " with (AND) " circuit, in the situation that the output voltage that the output voltage of the first logical operation section 60 is voltage H and the second logical operation section 70 is voltage H, and output voltage H.The situation that the output voltage of the 50E of detection of electrical leakage section is voltage H is equivalent to the situation that output means in alternating circuit to have produced the detection of electrical leakage signal leaked electricity.In addition, the detection of electrical leakage signal is sent as (for cutting off alternating circuit) shutoff signal of the circuit contact for disconnecting alternating circuit the breaking coil (not shown) that disconnects the foregoing circuit contact.Its result, the circuit contact of alternating circuit is disconnected.
Earth detector 100E according to this present embodiment, if making the output voltage of the external circuit part that is connected with the first logical operation section 60 is voltage H, with the output voltage of the integrated value comparing section 30 of the first embodiment～the 4th embodiment, be always the situation equivalence of voltage H, therefore can make the function of integrated value comparing section 30 invalid.Similarly, if making the output voltage of the external circuit part that is connected with the second logical operation section 70 is voltage H, with the output voltage of waveform judegment part 40 grades of the first embodiment～the 4th embodiment (40, in 40B～40D some), be always the situation equivalence of voltage H, therefore can make the function of waveform judegment part 40 grades invalid.That is to say, can make the function of folk prescription invalid with external circuit part.
In addition, at this, the invalid situation of part of functions that makes earth detector 100E with the first logical operation section 60 and the second logical operation section 70 has been described, but also can used these circuit parts.For example, also can be configured to never illustrated external device (ED) input for change integral operation section 20, integrated value comparing section 30 and waveform judegment part 40 at least one each threshold value such as voltage threshold, time threshold or for changing the change signal of count value.For example,, in the situation that each threshold value of change also can change to measuring voltage, Measuring Time and surpass all the time the value of this threshold value.In addition, for example, also count value can be changed to the value that surpasses all the time count threshold.According to this structure, can make too the part of functions of earth detector 100E invalid.
(the 6th embodiment)
Figure 15 means the block diagram of the structure example of the earth detector 100F in the 6th embodiment of the present invention.The earth detector 100F of present embodiment has zero phase current transformer 10, the first system (levels of leakage test section 80) and second system, this the first system has as the earth detector except zero phase current transformer 10 100 illustrated in the first～five embodiment, the function of 100E, this second system carries out integration to the output voltage (ZCT output voltage) of zero phase current transformer 10, carries out exporting accordingly with integral result.That is to say, the first system is realized the function relevant with electrical leakage breaking, and second system is realized for the function to user notification electrical leakage quantity (leakage current value).
There is foregoing integral operation section 20, integrated value comparing section 30, waveform judegment part 40, detection of electrical leakage section 50 etc. as the levels of leakage test section 80 of the first system.Wherein, levels of leakage test section 80 at least possesses integral operation section 20 and detection of electrical leakage section 50.In the situation that levels of leakage test section 80 only possesses integral operation section 20 and detection of electrical leakage section 50, the operation result of detection of electrical leakage section 50 based on integral operation section 20 exported the detection of electrical leakage signal.
Second system possesses integration part 91 and operation result efferent 92.91 pairs of ZCT output voltages of integration part carry out integration, have the structure identical with the integral operation section 20 of explanation before.Operation result efferent 92 carries out and the corresponding output of the operation result (integrated value) of integration part 91.The various information of the output such as operation result efferent 92 such as the display by not shown, loudspeaker.At this, as operation result, for example output as before the effective value (effective value operation result), the mean value (mean value operation result) of ZCT output voltage that the use integral operation obtains of the ZCT output voltage that obtains of use integral operation illustrating.
At this, each structural portion of the first system and second system forms in an integrated circuit (module).Thereby, by form like this earth detector 100F in same packaging body, can realize cost.That is to say, can implement electrical leakage breaking and electric leakage demonstration with simple and cheap structure simultaneously.
In addition, as shown in figure 16, also can be by integration part 91 as the integral operation section 20 illustrated in the first embodiment.That is to say, also can make levels of leakage test section 80 not possess integral operation section 20, and the output of integration part 91 is inputted by integrated value comparing section 30.Like this, by sharing for carrying out the structure of integration, can realize cost.In addition, due to hardware such as shared integrating circuit, can not be subject to thus the difference of hardware, for the impact of the compute mode of integral operation, therefore for the horizontal detection value of detection of electrical leakage and between the displayed value that shows the electric leakage degree, not producing error, therefore can be adjusted in the mode that does not produce contradiction between the two.
In addition, operation result efferent 92 also can be exported the value (mean value) that integrated value to being calculated by integration part 91 averages gained.In addition, the value (mean value) that integrated value comparing section 30 also can average the integrated value to being calculated by integral operation section 20 gained compares with setting (integrated value decision threshold th1).Mean value for example refers to time average.Now, preferably, long during while averaging than integrated value comparing section 30 during when operation result efferent 92 is averaged.In addition, also can compare with integral operation section 20, the ZCT output voltage between 91 pairs of integration part are more long-term averages to calculate the mean value of ZCT output voltage, this mean value is carried out to integration and obtain integrated value.The impact of the change of the ZCT output voltage that thus, not caused by the noises such as surge voltage and correctly export integrated value (suitable with leakage current value) etc.
In addition, at this, as mean value, be illustrated, but also can replace mean value with effective value.
In addition, operation result efferent 92 also can be in the situation that the absolute value of the operation result of integration part 91 (integrated value) be greater than threshold value th4, output caution signal (alarm), wherein, this threshold value th4 is than the detection threshold of the leakage current for the detection of electrical leakage th2 in levels of leakage test section 80 little (th2 > th4 > 0).About caution signal herein, can consider to utilize acoustic information warning, utilize the warning of demonstration information etc.That is to say, also can be greater than at the operation result of integration part 91 in the situation that determine whether the threshold value th2 used while by integrated value comparing section 30, exporting first signal, output caution signal.Thus, before the electric leakage that the degree that will cut off alternating circuit detected, the user can identify the state of electric leakage in advance.
In addition, operation result efferent 92 also can be according to the operation result of integration part 91 way of output during to the output caution signal changed.In this case, for example can consider in the situation that the absolute value of the operation result of integration part 91 surpass leakage current detection threshold th2 absolute value 50% light LED, in the situation that surpass leakage current detection threshold th2 absolute value 80% export alarm tone.Thus, the urgency apart from electrical leakage breaking (level) can be correctly notified, thereby the state of affairs of electrical leakage breaking can be avoided causing suddenly.
In addition, as shown in figure 17, earth detector 100F also can possess operation result storage part 93, the operation result of these operation result storage part 93 storage integration part 91.The information of the operation result of operation result storage part 93 such as store predetermined time quantum (amount of a week etc.).Now, also can rewritten through coverage information after the stipulated time.In addition, the information of operation result refers to the integrated value (effective value, mean value) of ZCT output voltage etc.Thus, by storage, until the operation result of the set time of electrical leakage breaking, becoming is easy to determine and cuts off reason.
In addition, as shown in figure 18, earth detector 100F also can possess external terminal portions 94, and this external terminal portions 94 is for the information of the operation result of the information of exporting the operation result of integration part 91 by outside terminal, operation result storage part 93.External terminal portions 94 is such as being USB (Universal Serial Bus: USB (universal serial bus)) terminal etc.By possessing external terminal portions 94, can easily export the information of operation result, become and be easy to determine the cut-out reason.
In addition, as shown in figure 19, earth detector 100F also can possess information output part 95, this information output part 95 by the information output of the operation result of the information of the operation result of integration part 91, operation result storage part 93 to storage medium.Storage medium is such as being USB storage, SD card etc.Thus, by for example will be until the operation result of the set time of electrical leakage breaking outputs to storage medium, the movement of data becomes easily, becomes to be easy to determine and to cut off reason.
In addition, as shown in figure 20, earth detector 100F also can possess information sending part 96, and this information sending part 96 sends to external server by the information of the operation result of the information of the operation result of integration part 91, operation result storage part 93.Thus, by for example will be until the operation result of the set time of electrical leakage breaking outputs to external server, utilize long-range sensor also can easily grasp the electric leakage situation, become and be easy to determine the cut-out reason.
Above-mentioned all embodiments, the illustrative examples in embodiment and variation enough can combine to use mutually.Above, the preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described, but the present invention is not limited to these specific implementations, the category ground that can not break away from claims carries out numerous variations and distortion, and these changes and distortion also belong to category of the present invention.

Claims (66)

1. an earth detector possesses:
Zero phase current transformer, alternating circuit connects this zero phase current transformer;
Integral operation section, its output voltage to above-mentioned zero phase current transformer carries out integration;
The integrated value comparing section, it is in the situation that the operation result of above-mentioned integral operation section is greater than specialized range, the output first signal;
The waveform judegment part, it detects flex point the counting of the output voltage waveforms of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer, in the situation that the quantity of above-mentioned flex point reaches stated number, exports secondary signal; And
Detection of electrical leakage section, it is in the situation that exported above-mentioned first signal and exported above-mentioned secondary signal by above-mentioned waveform judegment part by above-mentioned integrated value comparing section, and output means in above-mentioned alternating circuit to have produced the detection of electrical leakage signal of electric leakage.
2. earth detector according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned waveform judegment part starts the detection of above-mentioned flex point when the output voltage of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer is positive voltage or negative voltage.
3. earth detector according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned integral operation section obtains the effective value of the output voltage of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer with integral operation.
4. earth detector according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned integral operation section obtains the mean value of the output voltage of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer with integral operation.
5. according to the described earth detector of any one in claim 1～4, it is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned waveform judegment part possesses:
The pulse generating unit, its output voltage waveforms based on above-mentioned zero phase current transformer produces pulse; And
Step-by-step counting section, its quantity to the pulse by above-mentioned pulse generating unit generation is counted, in the situation that the quantity of above-mentioned pulse reaches the above-mentioned secondary signal of stated number output.
6. earth detector according to claim 5, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned pulse generating unit, in the situation that the output voltage of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer is greater than specialized range, produces above-mentioned pulse.
7. earth detector according to claim 6, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned pulse generating unit, in the situation that the output voltage of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer is greater than the state continuance of specialized range more than the stipulated time, produces above-mentioned pulse.
8. according to the described earth detector of any one in claim 5～7, it is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned pulse generating unit in the situation that start produces after above-mentioned pulse the output voltage of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer and becomes and be less than assigned voltage, stops the generation of above-mentioned pulse.
9. according to the described earth detector of any one in claim 5～7, it is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned pulse generating unit in the situation that from starting to produce above-mentioned pulse through the stipulated time, stop the generation of above-mentioned pulse.
10. according to the described earth detector of any one in claim 5～9, it is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned pulse generating unit stops the generation of the second pulse before from producing the first pulse through the stipulated time.
11. according to the described earth detector of any one in claim 5～10, it is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned step-by-step counting section is counted the quantity of the rising edge of the pulse that produced by above-mentioned pulse generating unit, in the situation that this quantity reaches the above-mentioned secondary signal of stated number output.
12. according to the described earth detector of any one in claim 5～10, it is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned step-by-step counting section, in the situation that the pulsewidth of the pulse produced by above-mentioned pulse generating unit is counted more than Rack, exports above-mentioned secondary signal in the situation that its quantity reaches stated number.
13. according to the described earth detector of any one in claim 5～10, it is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned step-by-step counting section is counted the quantity of the negative edge of the pulse that produced by above-mentioned pulse generating unit, in the situation that this quantity reaches the above-mentioned secondary signal of stated number output.
14. according to the described earth detector of any one in claim 5～13, it is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned step-by-step counting section stops the counting of the second pulse before from the first pulse to being produced by above-mentioned pulse generating unit count through the stipulated time.
15. according to the described earth detector of any one in claim 5～14, it is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned waveform judegment part possesses the count value changing unit, and this count value changing unit is in the situation that the pulse output width of the pulse based on being produced by above-mentioned pulse generating unit is more than Rack, and the count value counted to get by above-mentioned step-by-step counting section is changed.
16. earth detector according to claim 15, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned pulse output width be put the output start time of the pulse from being produced by above-mentioned pulse generating unit the end of output time point the time wide.
17. earth detector according to claim 15, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned pulse output width be the output start time point of the output start time of the first pulse from being produced by above-mentioned pulse generating unit putting second pulse continuous with above-mentioned the first pulse the time wide.
18. earth detector according to claim 15, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned pulse output width be the first pulse from being produced by above-mentioned pulse generating unit the end of output time point to the end of output time point with continuous the second pulse of above-mentioned the first pulse the time wide.
19. earth detector according to claim 15, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned pulse output width be the first pulse from being produced by above-mentioned pulse generating unit output start time o'clock to the end of output time point of the second pulse the time wide.
20. according to the described earth detector of any one in claim 5～19, it is characterized in that,
Also possess pulse and produce the condition changing unit, this pulse produces the count value of condition changing unit based on being counted to get by above-mentioned step-by-step counting section, changes the generation condition of the pulse of above-mentioned pulse generating unit.
21. earth detector according to claim 20, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned pulse produces the condition changing unit at least one party in voltage threshold and pulse width threshold is changed, wherein, this voltage threshold is used when judging whether above-mentioned pulse generating unit produces pulse, and this pulse width threshold is used when determining whether that paired pulses is counted.
22. according to the described earth detector of any one in claim 5～21, it is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned pulse generating unit produces the punching of positive lateral vein and minus side pulse, and this positive lateral vein rushes the pulse of the output voltage of the positive side that is based on above-mentioned zero phase current transformer, and this minus side pulse is based on the pulse of output voltage of the minus side of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer,
Above-mentioned step-by-step counting section is counted above-mentioned positive lateral vein punching and above-mentioned minus side pulse, in the situation that at least one party in the quantity of the quantity that above-mentioned positive lateral vein rushes and above-mentioned minus side pulse is more than stated number, exports above-mentioned secondary signal.
23. according to the described earth detector of any one in claim 5～22, it is characterized in that,
Also possess signal input part, this signal input part input is for making above-mentioned integrated value comparing section export above-mentioned first signal or making the waveform judegment part export the signal output indicator signal of above-mentioned secondary signal.
24. earth detector according to claim 23, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned signal input part is inputted above-mentioned signal output indicator signal from non-essential resistance.
25., according to the described earth detector of any one in claim 1～24, it is characterized in that also possessing:
Integration part, its output voltage to above-mentioned zero phase current transformer carries out integration; And
The operation result efferent, it carries out exporting accordingly with the operation result of above-mentioned integration part,
Wherein, above-mentioned operation result efferent and above-mentioned detection of electrical leakage section are by a module composition.
26. earth detector according to claim 25, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned detection of electrical leakage section by above-mentioned integration part as above-mentioned integral operation section.
27. according to the described earth detector of claim 25 or 26, it is characterized in that,
With above-mentioned integral operation section, compare, above-mentioned integration part averages calculating mean value to the output voltage of the above-mentioned zero phase current transformer between more long-term, and this mean value is carried out to integration.
28. according to the described earth detector of any one in claim 25～27, it is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned operation result efferent is also exported caution signal in the situation that the operation result of above-mentioned integration part is greater than than the specialized range of the narrow range of following voltage threshold, wherein, this voltage threshold is used determining whether while by above-mentioned integrated value comparing section, exporting above-mentioned first signal.
29. earth detector according to claim 28, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned operation result efferent is according to the operation result of above-mentioned integration part, and the way of output when exporting above-mentioned caution signal is changed.
30. according to the described earth detector of any one in claim 25～29, it is characterized in that,
Also possesses the operation result storage part, the information of the operation result of the above-mentioned integration part of this operation result storage portion stores stipulated time amount.
31. earth detector according to claim 30, is characterized in that,
Also possess external terminal portions, this external terminal portions is for exporting the information of the operation result that above-mentioned operation result storage part stores.
32. earth detector according to claim 30, is characterized in that,
Also possess information output part, the information output of the operation result that this information output part is stored above-mentioned operation result storage part is to storage medium.
33. earth detector according to claim 30, is characterized in that,
Also possess the information sending part, the information of the operation result that this information sending part is stored above-mentioned operation result storage part sends to external server.
34. an earth detector possesses:
Zero phase current transformer, alternating circuit connects this zero phase current transformer;
The first integral operational part, its output voltage to above-mentioned zero phase current transformer carries out integration;
Detection of electrical leakage section, its operation result based on above-mentioned first integral operational part, output means in above-mentioned alternating circuit to have produced the detection of electrical leakage signal of electric leakage;
The second integral operational part, its output voltage to above-mentioned zero phase current transformer carries out integration; And
The operation result efferent, it carries out exporting accordingly with the operation result of above-mentioned second integral operational part,
Wherein, above-mentioned operation result efferent and above-mentioned detection of electrical leakage section are by a module composition.
35. earth detector according to claim 34, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned detection of electrical leakage section by above-mentioned second integral operational part as above-mentioned first integral operational part.
36. according to the described earth detector of claim 34 or 35, it is characterized in that,
With above-mentioned first integral operational part, compare, above-mentioned second integral operational part averages calculating mean value to the output voltage of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer interior between more long-term, and this mean value is carried out to integration.
37. according to the described earth detector of any one in claim 34～36, it is characterized in that,
Also possesses the operation result storage part, the information of the operation result of the above-mentioned second integral operational part of this operation result storage portion stores stipulated time amount.
38. according to the described earth detector of claim 37, it is characterized in that,
Also possess external terminal portions, this external terminal portions is for exporting the information of the operation result that above-mentioned operation result storage part stores.
39. according to the described earth detector of claim 37, it is characterized in that,
Also possess information output part, the information output of the operation result that this information output part is stored above-mentioned operation result storage part is to storage medium.
40. according to the described earth detector of claim 37, it is characterized in that,
Also possess the information sending part, the information of the operation result that this information sending part is stored above-mentioned operation result storage part sends to external server.
41. according to the described earth detector of any one in claim 34～36, it is characterized in that,
Also possess the integrated value comparing section, this integrated value comparing section, in the situation that the operation result of above-mentioned first integral operational part is greater than specialized range, is exported first signal,
Above-mentioned operation result efferent is exported caution signal in the situation that the operation result of above-mentioned second integral operational part is greater than than the specialized range of the narrow range of following voltage threshold, wherein, this voltage threshold is used determining whether while by above-mentioned integrated value comparing section, exporting above-mentioned first signal.
42. according to the described earth detector of claim 41, it is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned operation result efferent is according to the operation result of above-mentioned second integral operational part, and the way of output when exporting above-mentioned caution signal is changed.
43., according to the described earth detector of any one in claim 34～42, it is characterized in that also possessing:
The integrated value comparing section, it exports first signal in the situation that the operation result of above-mentioned first integral operational part is greater than specialized range; And
The waveform judegment part, it detects flex point the counting of the output voltage waveforms of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer, in the situation that the quantity of above-mentioned flex point reaches stated number, exports secondary signal,
Wherein, above-mentioned detection of electrical leakage section in the situation that exported above-mentioned first signal and exported above-mentioned secondary signal by above-mentioned waveform judegment part by above-mentioned integrated value comparing section, exports above-mentioned detection of electrical leakage signal.
44. according to the described earth detector of claim 43, it is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned waveform judegment part starts the detection of above-mentioned flex point when the output voltage of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer is positive voltage or negative voltage.
45. according to the described earth detector of claim 43 or 44, it is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned first integral operational part is obtained the effective value of the output voltage of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer with integral operation.
46. according to the described earth detector of claim 43 or 44, it is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned first integral operational part is obtained the mean value of the output voltage of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer with integral operation.
47. according to the described earth detector of any one in claim 43～46, it is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned waveform judegment part possesses:
The pulse generating unit, its output voltage waveforms based on above-mentioned zero phase current transformer produces pulse; And
Step-by-step counting section, its quantity to the pulse by above-mentioned pulse generating unit generation is counted, in the situation that the quantity of above-mentioned pulse reaches the above-mentioned secondary signal of stated number output.
48. according to the described earth detector of claim 47, it is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned pulse generating unit, in the situation that the output voltage of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer is greater than specialized range, produces above-mentioned pulse.
49. according to the described earth detector of claim 48, it is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned pulse generating unit, in the situation that the output voltage of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer is greater than the state continuance of specialized range more than the stipulated time, produces above-mentioned pulse.
50. according to the described earth detector of any one in claim 47～49, it is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned pulse generating unit in the situation that start produces after above-mentioned pulse the output voltage of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer and becomes and be less than assigned voltage, stops the generation of above-mentioned pulse.
51. according to the described earth detector of any one in claim 47～49, it is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned pulse generating unit in the situation that from starting to produce above-mentioned pulse through the stipulated time, stop the generation of above-mentioned pulse.
52. according to the described earth detector of any one in claim 47～51, it is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned pulse generating unit stops the generation of the second pulse before from producing the first pulse through the stipulated time.
53. according to the described earth detector of any one in claim 47～52, it is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned step-by-step counting section is counted the quantity of the rising edge of the pulse that produced by above-mentioned pulse generating unit, in the situation that this quantity reaches the above-mentioned secondary signal of stated number output.
54. according to the described earth detector of any one in claim 47～52, it is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned step-by-step counting section, in the situation that the pulsewidth of the pulse produced by above-mentioned pulse generating unit is counted more than Rack, exports above-mentioned secondary signal in the situation that its quantity reaches stated number.
55. according to the described earth detector of any one in claim 47～52, it is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned step-by-step counting section is counted the quantity of the negative edge of the pulse that produced by above-mentioned pulse generating unit, in the situation that this quantity reaches the above-mentioned secondary signal of stated number output.
56. according to the described earth detector of any one in claim 47～55, it is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned step-by-step counting section stops the counting of the second pulse before from the first pulse to being produced by above-mentioned pulse generating unit count through the stipulated time.
57. according to the described earth detector of any one in claim 47～56, it is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned waveform judegment part possesses the count value changing unit, and this count value changing unit is in the situation that the pulse output width of the pulse based on being produced by above-mentioned pulse generating unit is more than Rack, and the count value counted to get by above-mentioned step-by-step counting section is changed.
58. according to the described earth detector of claim 57, it is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned pulse output width be put the output start time of the pulse from being produced by above-mentioned pulse generating unit the end of output time point the time wide.
59. according to the described earth detector of claim 57, it is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned pulse output width be the output start time point of the output start time of the first pulse from being produced by above-mentioned pulse generating unit putting second pulse continuous with above-mentioned the first pulse the time wide.
60. according to the described earth detector of claim 57, it is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned pulse output width be the first pulse from being produced by above-mentioned pulse generating unit the end of output time point to the end of output time point with continuous the second pulse of above-mentioned the first pulse the time wide.
61. according to the described earth detector of claim 57, it is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned pulse output width be the first pulse from being produced by above-mentioned pulse generating unit output start time o'clock to the end of output time point of the second pulse the time wide.
62. according to the described earth detector of any one in claim 47～61, it is characterized in that,
Also possess pulse and produce the condition changing unit, this pulse produces the count value of condition changing unit based on being counted to get by above-mentioned step-by-step counting section, changes the generation condition of the pulse of above-mentioned pulse generating unit.
63. according to the described earth detector of claim 62, it is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned pulse produces the condition changing unit at least one party in voltage threshold and pulse width threshold is changed, wherein, this voltage threshold is used when judging whether above-mentioned pulse generating unit produces pulse, and this pulse width threshold is used when determining whether that paired pulses is counted.
64. according to the described earth detector of any one in claim 47～63, it is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned pulse generating unit produces the punching of positive lateral vein and minus side pulse, and this positive lateral vein rushes the pulse of the output voltage of the positive side that is based on above-mentioned zero phase current transformer, and this minus side pulse is based on the pulse of output voltage of the minus side of above-mentioned zero phase current transformer,
Above-mentioned step-by-step counting section is counted above-mentioned positive lateral vein punching and above-mentioned minus side pulse, in the situation that at least one party in the quantity of the quantity that above-mentioned positive lateral vein rushes and above-mentioned minus side pulse is more than stated number, exports above-mentioned secondary signal.
65. according to the described earth detector of any one in claim 47～64, it is characterized in that,
Also possess signal input part, this signal input part input is for making above-mentioned integrated value comparing section export above-mentioned first signal or making the waveform judegment part export the signal output indicator signal of above-mentioned secondary signal.
66. according to the described earth detector of claim 65, it is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned signal input part is inputted above-mentioned signal output indicator signal from non-essential resistance.
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