CN103427760A - Synchronous speed regulating method of reversely speed regulating frequency-converter - Google Patents
Synchronous speed regulating method of reversely speed regulating frequency-converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN103427760A CN103427760A CN2013103366602A CN201310336660A CN103427760A CN 103427760 A CN103427760 A CN 103427760A CN 2013103366602 A CN2013103366602 A CN 2013103366602A CN 201310336660 A CN201310336660 A CN 201310336660A CN 103427760 A CN103427760 A CN 103427760A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a synchronous speed regulating method of a reversely speed regulating frequency-converter. A motor stator is connected with the electric supply directly, a rotor is connected with an output of the reversely speed regulating frequency-converter which is of a current mode, the reversely speed regulating frequency-converter can regulate magnitude, phase and frequency of current flow independently without being affected by rotor induced electromotive force. The synchronous speed regulating method has the advantages that motor speed is reverse to output frequency of the speed regulating frequency-converter, and the higher the output frequency of the speed regulating frequency-converter is, the lower the motor speed is; output power of the motor is reverse to output power of the speed regulating frequency-converter, and the higher the motor speed is, the bigger total output power of the motor is, while the lower the output power of the speed regulating transducer is; the motor is operated in a broadly synchronous state which belongs to synchronous motor operating performance.
Description
Technical field
But the present invention relates to a kind of speed regulating method of interchange excitation electromotor, its output frequency, speed governing power become Back Up with rotor speed.
Background technology
A) more advanced AC speed regulating is frequency control at present, hereinafter referred to as " conventional frequency control ", apply more extensive, its defect is also arranged certainly: conventional ac variable frequency speed regulation is that the frequency converter total power drives, require the power output of frequency converter larger than load, this total power drives the frequency converter cost high, and power consumption is large, volume is large; The electric pressure of conventional frequency converter is greater than or equals the rated voltage of motor, and high-voltage motor requires high voltage converter, under most of running environment, requires to install isolating transformer additional, and manufacturing cost is high, and volume is large, and reliability is low; Conventional frequency converter majority does not have the PFC function, and harmonic ratio is larger, large to the harm of electrical network; Conventional frequency converter is difficult to regulate the inherent power factor of motor, can't reduce the loss of motor own; Conventional frequency converter can not be converted to electric energy feedback to mechanical load to electrical network, can only consume by brake resistance, and waste is serious; Conventional frequency converter is difficult to realize the electronics band-type brake; Conventional frequency converter is difficult to accurately control rotor speed.B) also has at present a kind of high pressure rotor frequency converter timing, its direction of energy flow is to flow to rotor by stator, then a rotor energy part flows to the rotor-side variable frequency device, feed back to electrical network from the rotor-side variable frequency device again, the electric current that feeds back to electrical network by adjusting is controlled rotor speed, and rotor-exciting can not independently be controlled.This governor control characteristics is relevant with revolutional slip, speed adjustable range little (in the 70%-95% synchronous speed), power factor is low, degree of regulation is low, because exist, can flow circulation, efficiency is also low, apply fewer, because presentation is similar to speed regulating method of the present invention, but there is no contacting of essence with speed regulating method of the present invention.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of synchronous speed control method of reverse speed regulation frequency converter, adopt the method to there is high accuracy, high reliability, high efficiency, speed governing cheaply.But be applicable to the high and low pressure motor of excitation.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of synchronous speed control method of reverse speed regulation frequency converter, and motor stator directly connects civil power, and rotor connects the output of reverse speed regulation frequency converter, size of current, phase place, the frequency independent regulation of reverse speed regulation frequency converter to rotor.Reverse speed regulation frequency converter is output as current mode, irrelevant with the output loading characteristic, not affected by the rotor induction kinetic potential.The control motor runs on and meets algebraic relation formula: fs=fc+fz wherein: fz is frequency corresponding to rotor speed; Fs is the frequency that synchronous speed is corresponding, is generally 50Hz/60Hz; Fc is the frequency that the rotor rotational speed of magnetic field is corresponding, it is also reverse speed regulation frequency converter output frequency, the variation of the frequency f z that this relational expression rotor rotating speed is corresponding and frequency converter output frequency fc is reverse, be that frequency converter frequency raises, rotor speed reduces, frequency converter frequency reduces, and rotor speed improves; This speed regulating method load is by two different power supply shareds of reverse speed regulation frequency converter of stator power and access rotor, the fraction of total output load when the power output of reverse speed regulation frequency converter only accounts for synchronous speed, in the situation that moment is constant, rotor speed is higher, the power output of reverse speed regulation frequency converter and stator power output ratio are less, during synchronous speed speed, be minimum, along with the raising of rotor speed, the power that stator is born is increasing, and that the power that reverse speed regulation frequency converter is born more comes is also little.
The stator of motor and rotor be power supply separately, and power is by stator and rotor shared.During the motor operation, the output rotating magnetic field of stator acts on the rotating magnetic field of rotor, makes the motor rotation, and its power stage size is directly proportional to stator and rotor rotating magnetic field speed difference.According to the fs=fc+fz formula, raising along with rotor speed (corresponding fz ↑), (corresponding fc ↓) is more and more lower for the rotor rotational speed of magnetic field, stator and rotor rotating magnetic field rotating speed difference (corresponding fz ↑) is increasing, the power output of stator (∝ fz) is just increasing, and rotor magnetic field power output directly acts on thrust load, the speed corresponding with it is directly proportional (∝ fc), thereby its power output descends along with the raising of rotating speed.We utilize this principle, produce reverse speed regulation frequency converter and control rotor, make rotor can break away from any constraint of stator, complete the independent control of frequency, electric current, phase place, phase sequence, reach control method requirement of the present invention.
The invention has the advantages that: 1) can with the load power below 15%, electric pressure lower than the frequency converter of 1KV complete alternating current machine that 100% load power, rated voltage are 3-10KV steadily, accurately, reliable speed governing.With conventional frequency converter timing, compare, cost and volume all reduce more than 5 times, and reliability also significantly improves, and energy-saving effect has a clear superiority in; 2) speed adjusting performance is better than conventional frequency conversion, and the rotor current of conventional frequency converter, phase place can not independently be controlled, and governor control characteristics is difficult to reach the mechanical property of direct current machine; 3) speed regulating method of the present invention can the independent regulation rotor frequency, electric current, phase sequence, phase place, make the speed regualtion of AC motor characteristic reach the DC motor speed-regulating characteristic; 4) speed regulating method of the present invention is controlled all the time motor and is run on the method for synchronization, be equivalent to conventional transducer drive magneto, motor is stable, power factor is high, and conventional frequency converter timing can not run on the method for synchronization, must produce rotor current by slip, be subject to the impact of rotor parameter, power factor can not be accomplished very high; 5) speed regulating method adjusting speed accuracy of the present invention is high, can reach the step motor control precision, can make motor be parked in arbitrary position, realizes the electronics band-type brake, facilitate hoisting equipment to hover, and the frequency control precision is not high, can not realize the electronics band-type brake; 6) speed regulating method of the present invention can be saved manufacture power, reduce costs, reduce volume and improve reliability, and conventional frequency converter is the total power governing system, power output improves and rises with frequency, loss is risen thereupon, reliability descends thereupon, speed regulating method speed governing power of the present invention during less than the motor synchronous speed power 11%, with conventional frequency converter output, compare, power output and load power size are reverse, and rotating speed is the closer to synchronous speed, output power of motor is higher, and power converter output is less, loss is less, and efficiency is higher, reliability is also higher; 7) speed regulating method of the present invention can be controlled the rotor of motor, voltage and power is well below the rated voltage of motor, low cost of manufacture, and reliability is high, volume only has below 1/5 of high voltage converter, installation, speed governing convenience, and conventional transducer drive high-voltage motor needs high voltage converter, cost is high, manufacture difficulty is large, reliability is low, bulky, and installation speed governing difficulty is high; 8) speed regulating method speed governing of the present invention is without isolating transformer, and operation is installed reliable, and conventional high voltage converter can can't move when the electrical network single-phase earthing, usually needs isolating transformer, increased cost, volume, installation difficulty, also increased loss; 9) the energy-conservation aspect of speed regulating method of the present invention is with the obvious advantage, and conventional frequency converter timing can not improve the power factor of motor inherence, and the inherent loss of motor is large; Speed regulating method of the present invention can change the power factor of motor inherence, makes motor synchronous operation under arbitrary rotating speed, and power factor is high, and efficiency is high; Contrary fast frequency converter can, motor simultaneously as motor and reactive power generation machine, provide reactive power compensation to electrical network in addition; 10) speed regulating method efficiency of the present invention is high conventional, and the speed governing energy consumption of frequency converter is larger.For example: for the mechanical load of equal-wattage, speed regulating method of the present invention, because the power of output is little, be take loss as 6% ~ 10% calculating, and its absolute power consumption is also little, harmonic wave is also little; Conventional frequency converter, because power output is larger than load, be take loss as 6% ~ 10% calculating, and definitely loss ratio is larger, and harmonic current is large.Take constant machine torque as example, and rotating speed is higher, and conventional power converter output is larger, and the loss of electricity of its frequency converter is larger; 11) speed regulating method of the present invention is the raising along with rotating speed, after the power output rising, descends gradually again, and loss changes similar, and when synchronous speed, contrary frequency modulation speed frequency conversion output direct current, be similar to synchronous machine.Generally, more than frequency converter generally operates in 35Hz, conventional frequency converter is operated in and does the loss district, and contrary frequency modulation speed frequency converter is operated in low-loss.Contrary frequency modulation speed frequency converter facilitates manyly than conventional frequency converter.12) in speed regulating method of the present invention, stator directly gets access to grid, and rotor counter energy major part can conveniently feed back to electrical network, and conventional frequency converter can only consume these energy by brake resistance.For promoting type load, the power savings advantages of the conventional frequency converter of speed ratio of the present invention is obvious, and Fig. 3 is conventional frequency converter timing and reverse frequency control loss correlation curve under permanent torque, and dash area is for to compare with conventional frequency control the power loss reduced.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the reverse speed regulation frequency converter method of the present invention wiring block diagram;
Fig. 2 is total load in speed regulating method of the present invention, stator load, the reverse speed regulation frequency converter output load change curve with rotor speed;
Conventional frequency converter timing and reverse frequency control loss correlation curve under the permanent torque of Fig. 3.
Wherein: Vs1: electronic power supply; Vs2: reverse speed regulation frequency converter power supply; Qf1: determine mains switch; Qf2: reverse speed regulation frequency converter mains switch; PT: stator voltage instrument transformer; CT: stator current instrument transformer; Ds: stator electricity measuring instrument; Ss: spinner velocity transducer; Q: reverse speed regulation frequency converter; M: but the excitation AC machine; ML: rotor loading; P%, ordinate is power output percentage, is that the gross output while take the motor synchronous speed is benchmark; F%, abscissa is rotor speed percentage, is to take the motor synchronous speed as benchmark; Pt, motor gross power output percentage; P1, motor stator power output percentage; P2, reverse speed regulation frequency converter power output percentage; △ P, be ordinate, loss power; Fs, the synchronous speed point; P1, stator loss; P2, rotor loss.
Embodiment
A kind of synchronous speed control method of reverse speed regulation frequency converter, as shown in Figure 1, it is characterized in that: but the alternating current machine of applicable rotor excitation, civil power directly accesses coil of stator of motor by QF1, current of electric, voltage, by CT, PT access Ds, Vs2 is the Q main power source, system by the parameters such as Ds, Ss, Vs2 are processed, computing, determine the size of current that outputs to rotor, frequency, be angle, phase sequence mutually.The output of Q is current mode, once its output current size, frequency, phase angle, phase sequence determine, just not affected by load characteristic and rotor induction kinetic potential.
Speed regulation process is as follows: motor is in when operation, and the rotating magnetic field of stator is fixed, and fs fixes, and the rotating magnetic field of rotor is that the rotating speed with rotor becomes, and fc becomes with fz, meets fs=fc+fz when synchronous, otherwise is desynchronizing state.The QF2 that closes, the Q main power source is connected, but not output; The QF1 that closes, the energising of motor M stator, stator has electric current, rotor that induced electromotive force is arranged, but rotor does not have electric current; Q is according to voltage and the rotating speed of the electric current of stator, voltage, rotor, and starting command carrys out output current, and the rotating magnetic field direction that electric current is produced on rotor is vertical with stator rotating magnetic field direction and phase sequence is consistent.During speed-raising, increase gradually output current, make stator rotation, once rotor rotates, stator and rotor magnetic field space angle will change, and Q adjusts output in time according to the spatial variations of rotor, reduces gradually Q output frequency fc, and, according to the speed-raising time regulation output electric current of setting, promote faster electric current larger.Until rotor speed fz rises to predetermined rate request.In whole lifting process, make fs=fc+fz, work as fc=0, while exporting direct current, motor runs on synchronous regime; When fc<0, phase sequence is contrary, fs=fc+fz > fs, motor runs on " the supersynchronous state " be commonly called as; As fc > during fs, fz=fs-fz<0, motor reversal.Meeting under the fs=fc+fz condition, can improve by improving (or reduction) Q output current the power factor of (or reduction) motor.When fs ≠ fc+fz, during step-out, Q changes fc immediately, and reassures under the synchronous condition of fs=fc+fz and move by adjusting output current.
Generally, when we claim fz<fs, for " metasynchronism rotating speed ", fz=fs, be " synchronous speed ", fz > be " supersynchronous rotating speed " during fs, this paper is referred to as " generalized synchronization ".(wherein: fz is frequency corresponding to rotor speed strictly to meet algebraic relation formula: fs=fc+fz, fs is the stator power frequency, is generally 50Hz/60Hz, fc is frequency corresponding to rotor magnetic field, also reverse speed regulation frequency converter output frequency), common in service, fz speed governing between 0 to fs, the variation of the frequency that relational expression fs=fc+fz rotor rotating speed is corresponding (fz) and frequency converter output frequency (fc) is reverse, and frequency converter frequency raises, and rotor speed reduces, frequency converter frequency reduces, rotor speed improves, and whole process operation is in the generalized synchronization state, this speed regulating method load is not singlely by stator power, to be born, but by stator power and two the different power supply shareds of reverse speed regulation frequency converter that access rotor, the fraction of total output load when the power output of reverse speed regulation frequency converter only accounts for synchronous speed, as shown in Figure 2, in the situation that moment is constant, rotor speed is higher, the power output of reverse speed regulation frequency converter and stator power output ratio are less, during synchronous speed speed, be minimum, along with the raising of rotor speed, the power that stator is born is increasing, and that the power that reverse speed regulation frequency converter is born more comes is also little.
Claims (2)
1. the synchronous speed control method of a reverse speed regulation frequency converter, it is characterized in that: motor stator directly connects civil power, rotor connects the output of reverse speed regulation frequency converter, reverse speed regulation frequency converter is output as current mode, size of current, phase place, the frequency independent regulation of reverse speed regulation frequency converter to rotor, do not affected by the rotor induction kinetic potential.
2. the synchronous speed control method of reverse speed regulation frequency converter according to claim 1 is characterized in that: control motor and run on and meet algebraic relation formula: fs=fc+fz wherein: fz is frequency corresponding to rotor speed; Fs is the frequency that synchronous speed is corresponding, is generally 50Hz/60Hz; Fc is the frequency that the rotor rotational speed of magnetic field is corresponding, it is also reverse speed regulation frequency converter output frequency, the variation of the frequency f z that this relational expression rotor rotating speed is corresponding and frequency converter output frequency fc is reverse, be that frequency converter frequency raises, rotor speed reduces, frequency converter frequency reduces, and rotor speed improves; This speed regulating method load is by two different power supply shareds of reverse speed regulation frequency converter of stator power and access rotor, the fraction of total output load when the power output of reverse speed regulation frequency converter only accounts for synchronous speed, in the situation that moment is constant, rotor speed is higher, the power output of reverse speed regulation frequency converter and stator power output ratio are less, during synchronous speed speed, be minimum, along with the raising of rotor speed, the power that stator is born is increasing, and that the power that reverse speed regulation frequency converter is born more comes is also little.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109672370A (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2019-04-23 | 发那科株式会社 | Electric motor drive system with electrical storage device |
| CN113179054A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-07-27 | 国华(青岛)智能装备有限公司 | Synchronous motor step-out detection device and compensation method |
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2013
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109672370A (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2019-04-23 | 发那科株式会社 | Electric motor drive system with electrical storage device |
| CN109672370B (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2020-12-29 | 发那科株式会社 | Motor drive system having electricity storage device |
| CN113179054A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-07-27 | 国华(青岛)智能装备有限公司 | Synchronous motor step-out detection device and compensation method |
| CN113179054B (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2022-07-29 | 国华(青岛)智能装备有限公司 | Synchronous motor step-out compensation method |
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Application publication date: 20131204 |