CN202856679U - Excitation control device in start process of aviation triple brushless alternating current synchronous motor - Google Patents
Excitation control device in start process of aviation triple brushless alternating current synchronous motor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本实用新型涉及一种航空三级无刷交流同步电机起动过程励磁控制装置，其特征在于：整流电路将输入的三相交流电进行整流后输出至与其连接的滤波电路，滤波电路分别连接三相全桥逆变器和单相H桥逆变器；单相H桥逆变器连接励磁机的定子绕组，三相全桥逆变器连接主发电机；位置传感器设置在检测电机转子位置之处，其输出端连接中央控制器；电流采集电路连接在单相H桥逆变器和三相全桥逆变器的输出端，其输出端连接中央控制器；中央控制器的输出端连接隔离驱动器，隔离驱动器的输出端分别连接三相全桥逆变器和单相H桥逆变器。本实用新型有效提高机组在起动过程中进行励磁切换时的运行平稳性。
The utility model relates to an excitation control device for the starting process of an aviation three-stage brushless AC synchronous motor. bridge inverter and single-phase H-bridge inverter; the single-phase H-bridge inverter is connected to the stator winding of the exciter, and the three-phase full-bridge inverter is connected to the main generator; the position sensor is set at the position where the motor rotor is detected, Its output end is connected to the central controller; the current acquisition circuit is connected to the output end of the single-phase H-bridge inverter and the three-phase full-bridge inverter, and its output end is connected to the central controller; the output end of the central controller is connected to the isolation driver, The output terminals of the isolation driver are respectively connected to the three-phase full-bridge inverter and the single-phase H-bridge inverter. The utility model effectively improves the running stability of the unit during excitation switching during the starting process.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及一种航空三级无刷交流同步电机起动过程中的励磁控制装置，是一种利用单相空间矢量调制解决航空三级无刷交流同步电机在起动过程中的励磁问题的控制装置，属于交流电机传动技术领域。The invention relates to an excitation control device in the starting process of an aviation three-stage brushless AC synchronous motor, which is a control device that uses single-phase space vector modulation to solve the excitation problem of an aviation three-stage brushless AC synchronous motor in the starting process. The utility model belongs to the technical field of AC motor drive.
背景技术 Background technique
起动/发电双功能一体化是未来航空交流电源系统的一个重要发展方向。目前，在航空大功率交流电源系统中，广泛采用三级无刷交流同步电机（原理框图见图1）作为发电机，当采用该电机实现航空发动机的起动功能时，主发电机将以电动方式运行，由于该电机为无刷化结构，因此当电机静止时，若励磁机仍然采用发电状态时的直流励磁方式，将无法实现主发电机的转子励磁，导致电机无法起动。在《电工技术杂志》2001年第1期3～8页刊登的“飞机起动/发电双功能系统电动状态单相交流励磁的研究”一文（作者陈宝林等）中，提出在励磁机定子绕组中通入单相交流电，解决机组处于静止状态时主发电机的励磁问题，该方法的优点在于无需改动电机结构。实验表明，选用合适的励磁频率及控制方法时，励磁机输出的励磁电流能够保证机组在一定堵转矩情况下顺利起动，此处提到的合适励磁频率是指在励磁电压相等的前提下，采用该频率的单相交流励磁时主发电机能够获得最大的励磁电流。The dual-function integration of starting/generating is an important development direction of the future aviation AC power system. At present, in the aviation high-power AC power supply system, three-stage brushless AC synchronous motors (see Figure 1 for the schematic block diagram) are widely used as generators. When this motor is used to realize the starting function of the aeroengine, the main generator will Due to the brushless structure of the motor, when the motor is stationary, if the exciter still adopts the DC excitation mode in the power generation state, the rotor excitation of the main generator will not be realized, resulting in the failure of the motor to start. In the article "Study on Single-phase AC Excitation in Electric State of Aircraft Start/Generation Dual Function System" (author Chen Baolin, etc.) published on pages 3-8 of the first issue of "Journal of Electrotechnical Technology" in 2001, it was proposed that in the stator winding of the exciter The single-phase alternating current is introduced to solve the excitation problem of the main generator when the unit is in a static state. The advantage of this method is that there is no need to change the structure of the motor. Experiments have shown that when the appropriate excitation frequency and control method are selected, the excitation current output by the exciter can ensure the smooth start of the unit under a certain blocking torque. The appropriate excitation frequency mentioned here refers to the premise that the excitation voltage is equal. When single-phase AC excitation with this frequency is used, the main generator can obtain the maximum excitation current.
但是，励磁机在采用单相交流励磁方式时，仍然面临如下问题：1）在合适的励磁频率下，由于励磁机感抗较大，励磁机的定子励磁电流远小于其额定值，无法有效发挥励磁机的励磁输出能力，致使主发电机的转子励磁较弱，影响了主发电机在电动状态时的带载能力；2）相比直流励磁方式，采用单相交流励磁方式时主发电机转子磁链脉动较大，影响主发电机电动状态时的运行平稳性；3）当机组达到一定转速后，励磁机采用直流励磁方式的励磁输出能力将优于采用单相交流励磁方式的励磁输出能力，此时采用直流励磁方式时能够有效提高主发电机的带载运行性能。基于上述原因，当机组达到一定转速后，需要将励磁机由交流励磁方式切换为直流励磁方式，但是由于两种励磁方式的PWM调制方法差异较大，如果采用直接切换的方式，在切换瞬间主发电机转子磁链波动较大，产生的转矩脉动易导致机组起动失败。However, when the exciter adopts the single-phase AC excitation method, it still faces the following problems: 1) At a suitable excitation frequency, due to the large inductive reactance of the exciter, the stator excitation current of the exciter is much smaller than its rated value, and cannot effectively exert The excitation output capacity of the exciter causes the rotor excitation of the main generator to be weak, which affects the load capacity of the main generator in the motoring state; 2) Compared with the DC excitation method, the rotor of the main generator in the single-phase AC excitation method Fluctuation of the flux linkage is large, which affects the running stability of the main generator in the motoring state; 3) When the unit reaches a certain speed, the excitation output capacity of the exciter using the DC excitation method will be better than that using the single-phase AC excitation method , when the DC excitation method is adopted at this time, the load operation performance of the main generator can be effectively improved. Based on the above reasons, when the unit reaches a certain speed, it is necessary to switch the exciter from AC excitation to DC excitation. The flux linkage of the generator rotor fluctuates greatly, and the generated torque ripple can easily lead to the failure of the unit to start.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
要解决的技术问题technical problem to be solved
为了避免现有技术的不足之处，本发明提出一种航空三级无刷交流同步电机起动过程励磁控制装置，有效提高三级无刷交流同步电机在起动过程中的带载性能以及机组运行的平稳性。In order to avoid the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention proposes an excitation control device for the starting process of the aviation three-stage brushless AC synchronous motor, which can effectively improve the load performance of the three-stage brushless AC synchronous motor during the starting process and the operating efficiency of the unit. smoothness.
技术方案Technical solutions
一种航空三级无刷交流同步电机起动过程励磁控制装置，其特征在于包括整流电路、滤波电路、三相全桥逆变器、单相H桥逆变器、位置传感器、中央控制器、隔离驱动器和电流采集电路；整流电路将输入的三相交流电进行整流后输出至与其连接的滤波电路，滤波电路分别连接三相全桥逆变器和单相H桥逆变器；单相H桥逆变器连接励磁机的定子绕组，驱动励磁机实现主发电机励磁；三相全桥逆变器连接主发电机，控制主发电机的起动运行；位置传感器设置在检测电机转子位置之处，其输出端连接中央控制器；电流采集电路连接在单相H桥逆变器和三相全桥逆变器的输出端，其输出端连接中央控制器；中央控制器的输出端连接隔离驱动器，隔离驱动器的输出端分别连接三相全桥逆变器和单相H桥逆变器。An aviation three-stage brushless AC synchronous motor starting process excitation control device is characterized in that it includes a rectifier circuit, a filter circuit, a three-phase full-bridge inverter, a single-phase H-bridge inverter, a position sensor, a central controller, an isolation Driver and current acquisition circuit; the rectifier circuit rectifies the input three-phase AC and outputs it to the filter circuit connected to it, and the filter circuit is respectively connected to the three-phase full-bridge inverter and the single-phase H-bridge inverter; the single-phase H-bridge inverter The inverter is connected to the stator winding of the exciter to drive the exciter to realize the excitation of the main generator; the three-phase full-bridge inverter is connected to the main generator to control the starting and running of the main generator; the position sensor is set at the place where the motor rotor is detected, and its The output end is connected to the central controller; the current acquisition circuit is connected to the output end of the single-phase H-bridge inverter and the three-phase full-bridge inverter, and the output end is connected to the central controller; the output end of the central controller is connected to the isolation driver, which is isolated The output terminals of the driver are respectively connected to the three-phase full-bridge inverter and the single-phase H-bridge inverter.
所述位置传感器采用旋转变压器。The position sensor adopts a rotary transformer.
有益效果Beneficial effect
本发明提出的一种航空三级无刷交流同步电机起动过程励磁控制装置，在电机静止时，控制器以能够输出的最大交流励磁量给励磁机励磁，当电机达到一定转速时，交流励磁量开始线性减小，同时直流励磁量采用PI调节器调节介入，其调节上限由交流励磁分量的大小及控制器母线电压综合决定，当交流分量减小至0时，励磁机进入直流励磁方式。本发明该方法应用于三级无刷交流同步电机的起动功能时，避免了励磁机在直接切换励磁方式时造成的主发电机转子磁链波动，可有效提高机组在起动过程中进行励磁切换时的运行平稳性。The present invention proposes an excitation control device for the starting process of an aviation three-stage brushless AC synchronous motor. When the motor is stationary, the controller excites the exciter with the maximum output AC excitation amount. When the motor reaches a certain speed, the AC excitation amount It begins to decrease linearly, and at the same time, the DC excitation quantity is regulated by a PI regulator. The upper limit of the adjustment is determined by the magnitude of the AC excitation component and the bus voltage of the controller. When the AC component decreases to 0, the exciter enters the DC excitation mode. When the method of the present invention is applied to the starting function of the three-stage brushless AC synchronous motor, it avoids the fluctuation of the main generator rotor flux chain caused by the exciter directly switching the excitation mode, and can effectively improve the time when the unit performs excitation switching during the starting process. smooth running.
本发明具有以下优点：1）在交流励磁方式和直流励磁方式间切换时，交流励磁分量和直流励磁分量均采用渐入渐出的方式实现，切换时无冲击；2）调制算法融合了交流调制和直流调制的特点，在整个励磁过程中无调制算法上的改变；3）采用PI调节器调节直流励磁输出，同时利用交流励磁输出限制直流励磁输出的最大值，可在切换过程中有效利用母线电压，同时有效避免高转速时由于转速变化对励磁机的影响。The invention has the following advantages: 1) When switching between the AC excitation mode and the DC excitation mode, both the AC excitation component and the DC excitation component are realized in a gradual in and gradual out manner, and there is no impact when switching; 2) The modulation algorithm combines AC modulation And the characteristics of DC modulation, there is no change in the modulation algorithm in the whole excitation process; 3) The PI regulator is used to adjust the DC excitation output, and at the same time, the AC excitation output is used to limit the maximum value of the DC excitation output, which can effectively use the bus in the switching process At the same time, it can effectively avoid the influence of the speed change on the exciter at high speed.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1：本发明实施例的系统硬件原理图Fig. 1: the schematic diagram of the system hardware of the embodiment of the present invention
图2：H桥逆变器原理图Figure 2: H-bridge inverter schematic
图3：采用本发明方法时电机的带载起动加速曲线图Fig. 3: The on-load starting acceleration curve diagram of motor when adopting the method of the present invention
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
现结合实施例、附图对本发明作进一步描述：Now in conjunction with embodiment, accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described:
本发明实施例的系统硬件结构如图1所示，包括：整流电路、滤波电路、三相全桥逆变器、单相H桥逆变器（图2），隔离驱动电路、电流和电压检测电路、中央控制器和人机接口电路以及位置传感器，本系统中采用旋转变压器来检测电机转子位置及转速。其中，单相H桥逆变器接励磁机定子绕组，驱动励磁机实现主发电机励磁，三相全桥逆变器接主发电机，通过控制主发电机的起动运行效果观察本发明方法的励磁控制性能。The system hardware structure of the embodiment of the present invention is shown in Figure 1, including: rectification circuit, filter circuit, three-phase full-bridge inverter, single-phase H-bridge inverter (Figure 2), isolation drive circuit, current and voltage detection circuit, central controller, man-machine interface circuit and position sensor, the resolver is used in this system to detect the position and speed of the rotor of the motor. Wherein, the single-phase H-bridge inverter is connected to the stator winding of the exciter, drives the exciter to realize the excitation of the main generator, and the three-phase full-bridge inverter is connected to the main generator, and the effect of the method of the present invention is observed by controlling the starting operation effect of the main generator Excitation control performance.
为验证本发明方法，采用MAGTROL公司的2PT115-T/2PT115-P加载台模拟航空发动机负载，利用一台三级无刷交流同步电机搭建了验证平台。In order to verify the method of the present invention, the 2PT115-T/2PT115-P loading platform of MAGTROL Company was used to simulate the load of the aeroengine, and a three-stage brushless AC synchronous motor was used to build a verification platform.
本实施例的如图1所示，交流励磁分量的调制度大小由电机转速ωr决定，直流励磁分量的调制度由励磁机额定励磁电流i*和实际的励磁电流i经PI调节器调节得到，其调节上限MDmax由交流励磁分量的调制度MA决定，最终将得到的交/直流励磁输出量按本发明提出的调制算法合成后，得出控制H桥逆变器的变量值，实现励磁机的励磁控制。其中，交流励磁分量的励磁频率满足：ω＝2πf。As shown in Figure 1 of this embodiment, the modulation degree of the AC excitation component is determined by the motor speed ω r , and the modulation degree of the DC excitation component is obtained by adjusting the rated excitation current i * of the exciter and the actual excitation current i through the PI regulator , its adjustment upper limit M Dmax is determined by the modulation degree M A of the AC excitation component, and finally the obtained AC/DC excitation output is synthesized according to the modulation algorithm proposed by the present invention, and the variable value for controlling the H-bridge inverter is obtained to realize Excitation control of the exciter. Wherein, the excitation frequency of the AC excitation component satisfies: ω=2πf.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104868808A (en) * | 2015-05-25 | 2015-08-26 | 西北工业大学 | Aerial three-stage brushless power generation system starting excitation control method of two-phase exciter |
| CN104901597A (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2015-09-09 | 株洲变流技术国家工程研究中心有限公司 | Starting method for brushless direct-current excitation synchronous motor |
| US9977085B2 (en) | 2014-09-10 | 2018-05-22 | Abb Schweiz Ag | Method and system for determining a synchronous machine fault condition |
| CN112653365A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-04-13 | 南京航空航天大学 | AC/DC excitation smooth switching method in starting process of three-stage brushless synchronous motor |
-
2012
- 2012-09-17 CN CN 201220473056 patent/CN202856679U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9977085B2 (en) | 2014-09-10 | 2018-05-22 | Abb Schweiz Ag | Method and system for determining a synchronous machine fault condition |
| CN104868808A (en) * | 2015-05-25 | 2015-08-26 | 西北工业大学 | Aerial three-stage brushless power generation system starting excitation control method of two-phase exciter |
| CN104868808B (en) * | 2015-05-25 | 2017-05-24 | 西北工业大学 | Aerial three-stage brushless power generation system starting excitation control method of two-phase exciter |
| CN104901597A (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2015-09-09 | 株洲变流技术国家工程研究中心有限公司 | Starting method for brushless direct-current excitation synchronous motor |
| CN104901597B (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2018-03-20 | 株洲变流技术国家工程研究中心有限公司 | A kind of starting method of brushless direct-current excitation magnetic synchronization motor |
| CN112653365A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-04-13 | 南京航空航天大学 | AC/DC excitation smooth switching method in starting process of three-stage brushless synchronous motor |
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