CN103427432B - Utilize the control method of distributed storage battery energy storage station balance microgrid mismatch power - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of control method utilizing distributed storage battery energy storage station balance microgrid mismatch power, the method uses the EMS of microgrid side as the coordinator optimized in calculating, sub-controller for each distributed lead-acid battery energy storage station side provides coordination information, sub-controller coordinates the output of Advance data quality self according to these, and output is fed back to coordinator；And it is iterated being calculated each distributed energy storage power optimization output, the power mismatch amount of balance micro-capacitance sensor a period of time in future.This invention has the advantage of distributed AC servo system, adapts to the physical distribution characteristic of microgrid energy storage station, has again higher efficiency, can solve the insoluble extensive problem of current prior art smoothly.

Description

Utilize the control method of distributed storage battery energy storage station balance microgrid mismatch power

Technical field

The invention belongs to Lead-acid Battery Technology field, particularly relate to utilize distributed lead-acid battery energy storage station balance microgrid The distributed control method of mismatch power.

Background technology

When microgrid is in isolated power grid, if the electric power of intermittent distributed power generation and rigidity is uneven, will go out Existing mismatch power (be defined as generated output and deduct electric power).Owing to the inertia of microgrid own is less, mismatch power will be more aobvious Write ground and affect voltage and frequency stable, even cause mains breakdown.In traditional approach, discard part distributed power generation or Person cuts away sub-load can almost solve the only resource of this problem, but but have lost the interests of user and Power Generation. In the intelligent micro-grid containing distributed energy storage power station, for solving this problem, it is possible to use distributed lead-acid battery energy storage Stand and can send rapidly or the feature of absorbed power, balance each other with the output of energy storage station and the mismatch power of electrical network, Thus play the effect that stable microgrid runs.For distributed plumbic acid energy-accumulating power station, be more suitable for use distributed AC servo system rather than Original centralized Control method, calculates and the difficult problem that communicates to reduce.To this, the present invention proposes one and utilizes distributed plumbic acid electricity The distributed control method of pond energy storage station balance microgrid mismatch power.

Summary of the invention

Goal of the invention: for the problem and shortage of above-mentioned existing existence, the invention provides proposition one and utilizes distributed The distributed control method of lead-acid battery energy storage station balance microgrid mismatch power.Use this method, the son control of each energy storage station side Device processed can use the coordinator of the pattern of parallel computation, sub-controller and higher level that parallel communications can be used to adapt to distributed lead The physical distribution characteristic at acid battery energy storage station, has again higher efficiency, and cutting of it also avoid that original power grid control scheme brings is negative Lotus or the problem cutting generating.

Technical scheme: for achieving the above object, the present invention by the following technical solutions: one utilizes distributed electric power storage The control method of pond energy storage station balance microgrid mismatch power, uses the EMS of microgrid side as optimizing the coordination calculated Device, the sub-controller for each side, distributed lead-acid accumulator accumulation of energy station provides coordination information；Sub-controller is believed according to this coordination Breath optimizes the output of self, and output power information is fed back to coordinator；Repeat the above steps is iterated calculating, After obtain the optimum output of each lead-acid accumulator energy storage station, in order to the mismatch power of balance microgrid；

Wherein, in described iterative computation, first initialized the output in following a period of time by each energy storage device, will Report coordinator, as the beginning step of iteration；Every single-step iteration, coordinator is according to a period of time distribution following in microgrid The amount of mismatch of prediction power calculation a period of time in future of formula generating and electricity consumption, reports in conjunction with each distributed energy storage power station Output, calculates the coordination information required for controlling, and it is handed down to each energy storage station；Each energy storage station is further according to electrical network The coordination information issued, revises the output of following a period of time, and correction value is reported coordinator；Deng iteration convergence, Obtain each distributed energy storage power optimization output, to balance the power mismatch amount of micro-capacitance sensor a period of time in future.

As preferably, the described concrete step being finally given lead-acid accumulator energy storage station optimum output by iterative computation Rapid as follows:

Step 1: put iterations m=0, the output that each sub-controller initializes following a period of time of energy storage station is bent LineAnd willUpload coordinator, make iterations m=1；

Step 2: carry out the m time iteration, coordinator is according to following a period of time distributed power generation and the prediction of load electricity consumption It is worth to amount of mismatch D；Described mismatch two D is that generated output deducts electric power, and it is made up of the D (k) in k=0 to T-1 moment； Wherein, D (k) represents the amount of mismatch value in kth time period；

Then, coordinator calculates the coordination information to i-th distributed energy storage power station, this coordination information such as formula (1) institute Show:

${\mathrm{\Δ}}_i^{m-1}=\mathrm{\α}(\underset{i}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{P}_i^{m-1}-D)+C^{\′}\left(P_i^{m-1}\right)---\left(1\right)$

In formula,It is the output that i-th distributed energy storage station reports after the m-1 time iteration, by k=0 to T-1'sFormed, andRepresent the output power curve value in kth time period；α is constant coefficient, and C represents i-th The operating cost function at distributed energy storage station, C ' represents cost function derivative；Then this coordination information issue each plumbic acid store The sub-controller of side, battery energy storage station；

Step 3: sub-controller i receives coordination informationOptimal solution is obtained by formula (2)

$\underset{P_i^{m^{*}}\left(0\right),...,P_i^{m^{*}}(T-1)}{\min }\underset{k=0}{\overset{T-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{\Δ}}_i^{m-1}\left(k\right)P_i^m\left(k\right)+0.5\underset{k=0}{\overset{T-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{(P_i^m\left(k\right)-P_i^{m-1}\left(k\right))}^2$

$E_i^m(k+1)=E_i^m\left(k\right)+P_i^m\left(k\right)\mathrm{\Δt},k=0,...,T-1\left(a\right)$

${\underset{~}{E}}_i\left(k\right)\≤E_i^m\left(k\right)\≤{\tilde{E}}_i\left(k\right),k=1,...,T-1\left(b\right)$

${\underset{~}{P}}_i\left(k\right)\≤P_i^m\left(k\right)\≤{\tilde{P}}_i\left(k\right),k=0,...,T-1\left(c\right)---\left(2\right)$

In formula,K,For optimized variable, remaining variables is known parameters:K,It is coordination informationAt the component of 0 to the T-1 period,Represent the energy storage value of the energy storage station of kth time period； WithRepresent lower limit and the upper limit of corresponding physical quantity；Δ t represents time step during optimization；T is to optimize the designed time period Number, as being total turn-on time 8 hours, time step Δ t is 1 hour, then access charging interval section number T=8；Wherein (a) table Showing energy storage station output and the relation of energy storage value, (b) represents the range constraint of energy storage station energy storage value, and (c) represents that energy storage station is defeated Go out power constraint；Finally by optimal solutionFeedback beams back coordinator；

Step 4: coordinator judges after obtaining feedback information: if each energy storage station in twice iterationWithSufficiently close together, iteration convergence, enter step 5；Otherwise make m=m+1, return step 2；

Step 5: after iteration convergence, the P of each energy storage station_iIt is exactly can the optimum output work of imbalance power in balance microgrid Rate.

Beneficial effect: compared with prior art, the invention have the advantages that first, and the program takes full advantage of microgrid Each distributed lead-acid battery energy storage station internal has dispersing characteristic physically and autonomous characteristic (controller of rank of standing), profit The physical constraint of self is processed, the output of each energy storage station of coordinator coordinates of microgrid side with the sub-controller of each energy storage station Power, devises the framework of a kind of distributed optimization.The output that every single-step iteration obtains after terminating all meets each distribution The physical constraint of formula energy-accumulating power station.Second, the method has the advantage of distributed AC servo system, and the sub-controller of each energy-accumulating power station can To use the pattern of parallel computation, the coordinator of sub-controller and higher level can use parallel communications to adapt to the thing of microgrid energy storage station Reason distribution character, has again higher efficiency, can solve the insoluble extensive problem of current prior art smoothly.By greatly The numerical computations of amount, this invention has good receipts for the distributed AC servo system problem in hundreds distributed energy storage power station in microgrid Holding back property, iterations is at tens times, and total calculating time is maintained at a few tens of milliseconds.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the work of the control method utilizing distributed storage battery energy storage station balance microgrid mismatch power of the present invention Principle schematic.

Detailed description of the invention

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment, it is further elucidated with the present invention, it should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate The present invention rather than limit the scope of the present invention, after having read the present invention, each to the present invention of those skilled in the art The amendment planting the equivalent form of value all falls within the application claims limited range.

This method uses the EMS (Energy Management System) of microgrid side to calculate as optimizing In coordinator, for each distributed lead-acid battery energy storage station side sub-controller provide coordination information, sub-controller is according to this A little outputs coordinating Advance data quality self, and output power information is fed back to coordinator；So it is iterated calculating, After obtain the optimum output of each energy-accumulating power station, for the mismatch power of balance microgrid.

In described iterative computation, first initialized the output in following a period of time by each energy storage device, on general Offer coordinator, as the beginning step of iteration；Every single-step iteration, coordinator is according to distributed of a period of time following in microgrid The amount of mismatch of prediction power calculation a period of time in future of electricity and electricity consumption, the output reported in conjunction with each distributed energy storage power station Power, calculates the coordination information required for controlling, and it is handed down to each energy storage station；Each energy storage station issues further according to electrical network Coordination information, revise the output of following a period of time, and correction value reported coordinator.Deng iteration convergence, so that it may To obtain each distributed energy storage power optimization output, to balance the power mismatch amount of micro-capacitance sensor a period of time in future.

The method specifically can comprise the following steps that

1) putting iterations m=0, each sub-controller initializes the output power curve of following a period of time of energy storage station And willUpload coordinator, make iterations m=1；

2) carrying out the m time iteration, coordinator obtains according to the predictive value of following a period of time distributed power generation and load electricity consumption Amount of mismatch D(is defined as generated output and deducts electric power), it is made up of the D (k) in k=0 to T-1 moment, and (D (k) represents that amount of mismatch exists The value of kth time period), coordinator calculates the coordination information to i-th distributed energy storage power station WhereinIt is the output that i-th distributed energy storage station reports after the m-1 time iteration, by k=0 to T-1'sInstitute's group BecomeRepresent the output power curve value in kth time period), and α is constant coefficient, can be taken as 1/N, wherein N is storage The number that can stand, C represents the operating cost function at i-th distributed energy storage station, and C ' represents cost function derivative.By this coordination Information issues the sub-controller of each electric automobile；

3) sub-controller i receives coordination informationOptimal solution is obtained by formula (5)(byK, Formed):

$\underset{P_i^{m^{*}}\left(0\right),...,P_i^{m^{*}}(T-1)}{\min }\underset{k=0}{\overset{T-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{\Δ}}_i^{m-1}\left(k\right)P_i^m\left(k\right)+0.5\underset{k=0}{\overset{T-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{(P_i^m\left(k\right)-P_i^{m-1}\left(k\right))}^2$

$E_i^m(k+1)=E_i^m\left(k\right)+P_i^m\left(k\right)\mathrm{\Δt},k=0,...,T-1\left(a\right)$

${\underset{~}{E}}_i\left(k\right)\≤E_i^m\left(k\right)\≤{\tilde{E}}_i\left(k\right),k=1,...,T-1\left(b\right)$

${\underset{~}{P}}_i\left(k\right)\≤P_i^m\left(k\right)\≤{\tilde{P}}_i\left(k\right),k=0,...,T-1\left(c\right)---\left(5\right)$

In formula,K,For optimized variable, remaining variables is known parameters:K,It is coordination informationAt the component of 0 to the T-1 period,Represent the energy storage value of the energy storage station of kth time period； WithRepresent lower limit and the upper limit of corresponding physical quantity；Δ t represents time step during optimization；T is to optimize the designed time period Number, as being total turn-on time 8 hours, time step Δ t is 1 hour, then access charging interval section number T=8.Wherein (a) table Showing energy storage station output and the relation of energy storage value, (b) represents the range constraint of energy storage station energy storage value, and (c) represents that energy storage station is defeated Go out power constraint；

By optimal solutionFeedback beams back coordinator；

4), after coordinator obtains feedback information, judge: if each energy storage station in twice iterationWithFoot Enough close, iteration convergence, enter step 5)；Otherwise make m=m+1, return step 2)；

5) after iteration convergence, the P of each energy-accumulating power station_iIt is exactly can the optimum output work of imbalance power in balance microgrid Rate.

Compared with prior art, this method has the advantage of distributed AC servo system, and the physical distribution adapting to microgrid energy storage station is special Property, there is again higher efficiency, the insoluble extensive problem of current prior art can be solved smoothly.

Claims (2)

1. the control method utilizing distributed storage battery energy storage station balance microgrid mismatch power, it is characterised in that: use micro- The EMS of net side is as optimizing the coordinator calculated, and the sub-controller for each distributed storage battery energy storage station side carries For coordination information；Sub-controller is according to the output of this coordination Advance data quality self, and output power information feeds back to association Adjust device；By the final optimum output obtaining each distributed storage battery energy storage station of iterative computation, in order to the mistake of balance microgrid Join power；

Wherein, in described iterative computation, first initialized the output in following a period of time by each distributed storage battery energy storage station Power, reports coordinator by it, as the beginning step of iteration；Every single-step iteration, coordinator is according in microgrid following one section The amount of mismatch of prediction power calculation a period of time in future of the generating of Annual distribution formula and electricity consumption, in conjunction with each distributed storage battery The output that energy storage station reports, calculates the coordination information required for controlling, and it is handed down to the storage of each distributed storage battery Can station；The coordination information that each distributed storage battery energy storage station issues further according to microgrid, revises the output work of following a period of time Rate, and correction value is reported coordinator；Deng iteration convergence, obtain each distributed storage battery energy storage station and optimize output, Power mismatch amount with balance microgrid a period of time in future.

The most according to claim 1, utilize the control method of distributed storage battery energy storage station balance microgrid mismatch power, it is special Levy and be: described finally give specifically comprising the following steps that of distributed storage battery energy storage station optimum output by iterative computation

Step 1: put iterations m=0, each sub-controller initializes the output power curve of following a period of time of energy storage station P_i ⁰, and by P_i ⁰Upload coordinator, make iterations m=1；

Step 2: carry out the m time iteration, coordinator obtains according to the predictive value of following a period of time distributed power generation and load electricity consumption To amount of mismatch D；Described amount of mismatch D is that generated output deducts electric power, and it is made up of the D (k) of k=0 to T-1 period；Its In, D (k) represents the amount of mismatch value in kth time period；

Then, coordinator calculates the coordination information to i-th distributed energy storage station, shown in this coordination information such as formula (1):

In formula, N is the number of energy storage station, P_i ^m-1It is the output that i-th distributed storage battery energy storage station reports after the m-1 time iteration Power, by the P of k=0 to T-1_i ^m-1Formed, and P_i ^m-1Represent the output power curve value in kth time period；α is Number, C represents the operating cost function of i-th distributed storage battery energy storage station, and C ' represents cost function derivative；Then by this association Tune information issues the sub-controller of each distributed storage battery energy storage station side；

Step 3: sub-controller j receives coordination information and obtains optimal solution P by formula (2)_i ^m

In formula,

It is coordination informationAt the component of 0 to the T-1 period,Represent kth time period The energy storage value of distributed storage battery energy storage station；WithRepresent the storage of the distributed storage battery energy storage station of kth time period respectively The lower limit of energy and the upper limit；WithRepresent lower limit and the upper limit of the power of the energy storage station of kth time period respectively；Δ t represents excellent Time step during change；T is to optimize designed time period number, and wherein (a) represents distributed storage battery energy storage station output work Rate and the relation of energy storage value, (b) represents the range constraint of distributed storage battery energy storage station energy storage value, and (c) represents distributed electric power storage Pond energy storage station output constraint；Finally by optimal solution P_i ^mFeedback beams back coordinator；

Step 4: coordinator judges after obtaining feedback information: if each distributed storage battery energy storage station in twice iteration P_i ^mAnd P_i ^m-1Sufficiently close together, iteration convergence, enter step 5；Otherwise make m=m+1, return step 2；

Step 5: after iteration convergence, the p of each distributed storage battery energy storage station_i ^mIt is exactly can imbalance power is in balance microgrid Excellent output.