CN1034268C

CN1034268C - A method for molding shaped products and an apparatus for carrying out same

Info

Publication number: CN1034268C
Application number: CN92111599.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 米哈伊尔·瓦西利耶维奇·比柳科夫
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1992-06-10
Filing date: 1992-10-17
Publication date: 1997-03-19
Anticipated expiration: 2007-10-17
Also published as: EP0573695A1; DE69217484D1; DE69217484T2; EP0573695B1; ATE148850T1; CA2077731A1; RU2041816C1; CN1079933A

Abstract

A method for molding shaped products from particles of vegetable origin which have a size of 0.002 to 10 mm at a moisture content of 4 to 15% comprising the steps of mixing a filler comprising particles of vegetable origin and a binder which is obtained from hemicelluloses released from particles of vegetable origin upon molding. The briquettes are formed from the resultant mixture with an axial passegeway then packed and transferred to a molding zone where a continuous shaped blank is obtained by joining each successive packed briquette to the preceding one under a specific pressure of 2 to 50 MPa and a temperature in the rangr of 160 to 350.degree.C. A counterpressure equal to at least the molding pressure being generated as each successive packed briquette is joined at the molded end of the continuous molded blank. Then products of required length are cut from the resultant continuous shaped blank. An apparatus for carrying out a method comprises the chamber (4) which comprises two multi-faceted truncated pyramids (15, 16) joined together along the perimeter of their minor bases.

Description

A method for molding shaped products and an apparatus for carrying out same

The present invention relates to a kind of processing method of plant material, more particularly, relate to a kind of manufacturing method and apparatus of moulding rolled-up stock.

The present invention can be used to make sawdust-board and wood chip bar from the waste material of paper pulp and paper industry and wood processing industry and other plant materials, also can be used to process the life waste material that in advance passes through classification.

Current in the industry of processing regenerated raw material the most pressing problem be the waste material of converted timber processing industry and paper pulp and paper industry.Make sawdust-board and wood chip bar with sawdust and bark and help to prevent cutting to the greatest extent of forest, therefore can improve the ecological environment of the earth.Moreover processing is deposited in greenbelt life waste material also can produce desirable influence to the cleaning of air and the hygienic state of environment.

But the commercial run of existing converted timber processing industry waste material all adopts human and polymer resin that livestock is poisonous as bond.Can therefore problem be, the bond that have toxicity when making sawdust-board and wood chip bar.

Be used for realizing that the device of existing drawing method generally all has very complicated structure, this is because need apply huge pressure when compacting.

It is that plastic material is made long part (as United States Patent (USP) A-3874207 number, 1975) with pressing method that a kind of known method is arranged in the prior art.Be to use one or more energy in the method, for example heat energy, ultrasonic vibration energy and electromagnetic energy are applied to and make it pass through mould by force on the material.

The device of realizing said method extruding plastic material has an extrusion chamber, a piston is arranged in it be advanced in the mould so that will be pressed into the extrded material of product.Also have a mechanism in addition so that oscillating movement is sent to piston, when gathering the plastic material of requirement between inherent piston of extrusion chamber and the mould, said mechanism is just started.When this mechanism started, piston just carried out a series of oscillating movement and promotes plastic material, made it form long part by mould.After this should export sealing, just can in extrusion chamber, restart to gather new a material.

The described mechanism that oscillating movement is sent to piston can make the pattern of induction coil, and the alternately electromagnetic field of change that this coil produces can work with piston one.This mechanism also has the other practice, for example establishes the nozzle and an ignition spark plug that hot gas can be transported to extrusion chamber inner carrier back.When the combustion gas of extrusion chamber inner carrier back accumulates to some, light with spark.Under the effect of the combustion gas bulbs of pressure, piston moves on one side to mould, carries out the extruding of plastic material.Under the effect of combustion gas residual compression, on one side piston is in that this vibrates several times towards mould.

Said apparatus is used for pushing plastic material.It can only be used for suppressing the long part of plastic material, when owing to the intermolecular cohesiveness of plastic material wherein a part be bonded in and maintain a time-out on another part, so material carries out polymerization and becomes the product of a monoblock.

Include in the forming mixture as the plastic material of bond and solid filling material particulate, if the size of solia particle is quite big, so this mixture just can not be suppressed with said method.Because between each solia particle, do not have in this case, the cohesiveness of molecular level.The polymerization process of bond is not also finished after rolled-up stock leaves extrusion chamber.Product just may ftracture like this, that is to say, the binding between the pressurized mixture each several part may be disconnected.

Want this mixture of moulding to adopt to contain to prevent the device of the parts that ftracture.

The method that a kind of known manufacturing moulding rolled-up stock is arranged is filler grating, the sorting that will contain the plant particles of specially treated and adopts wherein one-level, mixes with bond then.Resulting mixture is sent to the briquet shaping area with central through hole and is pressed into briquet, is transferred to shaping area again so briquet is stacked up, and the briquet in this district with each order compacting is pressed together on the previous briquet, forms a continuous shaping blank.Then with this blank heating and be divided into the product (consulting German patent DE, A, No. 2932406,1981) of Len req from resulting continuously shaped blank.

The device of realizing said method contains charging and the briquet forming room that is contained on the framework and communicates with each other, and is provided with its geometrical axis eyelet profile member consistent with blank moulding axis in briquet forming room, and the piston that can move along the moulding axis also is housed.Charging and briquet forming room lead to compacting chamber that briquet is pressed into continuously shaped blank and the thermal chamber that is provided with heater.Also be provided with mechanism's (consulting German patent DE, A, 2932406A1 number, 1981) that material can be divided into the Len req product in addition.

Said apparatus can be used to suppress the mixture of being made up of plant particles and bond.Adopt synthetic polymeric material as bond.This polymeric material will be transformed into flow regime earlier when being used for pressing mixt.In order to make the part energy and the part combination better in addition of downtrodden material, the end of piston is made into the mesozone shrinks back than the surrounding zone backward, promptly forms pit.The perisporium of pit is not smooth, but rugose surface, waveform is dwindled to central authorities gradually by periphery.For the continuous blank of making is no longer ftractureed, be provided with cooling section and heated zones on the passage that blank passes through in device, and between this two section, be provided with the gap, so that between this two location of passage, realize heat insulation.

In order to prevent cracking, on the distance that blank is passed through, passage can be widened, the degree of widening is different and different with the location.

Itself is poisonous to human and livestock for the organic bond that adopts in the manufacture method of above-mentioned continuously shaped blank.Preferably adopt acerose wood chip as filler, netted because it can form well.In above-mentioned patent,, must make plant particles reach sufficient network structure in order to make the gained product reach required intensity.Bark is not generally as filler, if usefulness should be ground it very carefully under practical condition.But can increase the consumption of bond when adopting thinner particulate.In order to reduce the consumption of bond, the size of wood chip must enlarge, and does the intensity that can reduce the gained product like this.

It is that three reciprocating motions by a gate valve reach that mixture is transported to charging and briquet forming room.When this process of realization, vapour-gas mixture and the toxic gas that polymeric binders must be discharged are got rid of.

The product density that draws with said method is a 0.35-0.85 gram/cubic centimetre, and in addition, the gained product is easy to light, and can burn well, because it prepares based on the organic polymer bond, it can rapid expanding and breaking-up under the humidity effect in addition.

The objective of the invention is to create a kind of mixture with plant particles and nontoxic mineral bond is the method that raw material is made the moulding rolled-up stock, the rules of suppressing in special forming room also will be proposed, the time can not ftracture in compacting having strong binding and continuously shaped blank between each briquet so as to guaranteeing, can obtain monoblock, nontoxic and the product difficulty combustion thus.

A further object of the invention is to develop a kind of device of realizing said method, the structure of the compacting chamber of continuously shaped blank can guarantee to obtain strong binding and can make unlikely cracking of continuously shaped blank of being made by mineral non-toxic adhesive and plant particles between each briquet in this device, thereby obtains monoblock, strong, nontoxic and product difficult combustion.

Above-mentioned these purposes reach like this: aspect the method for making the moulding rolled-up stock, filler is mixed with bond, this filler is made up of plant particles, need in addition grating, sorting and employing one-level wherein, the mixture that obtains is transported to briquet moulding section, form briquet with central through hole at this section, subsequently briquet is piled up and be transferred to the moulding section, there the briquet of each sequence stack is pressed together on and makes a continuous shaping blank on the previous briquet, then with blank heating and be divided into the product of Len req from the continuously shaped blank of gained.According to the present invention, its improvements are: the size level of the plant particles that is adopted is the 0.002-10 millimeter, contained humidity is 4-15%, the hemicellulose that employing is separated out by plant particles under pressing pressure is as bond, in of the volume ratio compacting of briquet moulding section mixture with 4: 1 to 7: 1, and temperature remains in 160-350 ℃ the scope, the briquet of each sequence stack is pressed together on the previous briquet in the moulding section, realizes, unit pressure is the 2-50 MPa, temperature range is 16-350 ℃, the applied pressure when drag that applies on one side at continuously shaped blank forming ends when with the briquet pressing of each sequence stack should equal to suppress at least, continuously shaped subsequently blank is sent to heat-treats.

Bond can also replenish from the same clan of containing magnesia, calcium oxide, aluminium oxide, iron oxide or in their hydrate and select for use, and quantity is the 30-50% of filler weight.

Also adopt blender except filler and bond, blender can be selected the aqueous solution of the same clan of magnesium chloride, potassium chloride for use, and its density is 1.18-1.6 gram/cubic centimetre.

With before bond mixes, the filler particulate should be earlier is that the anticorrisive agent of filler weight 12-16% is handled with quantity.

With before bond mixes, the filler particulate should be earlier is that the fire retardant of filler weight 30-50% is handled with quantity.

At briquet moulding section, with blank moulding axis normal and the direction parallel with the bottom surface on exert pressure, make mixture carry out pre-compacted, reach the size of blank cross section up to the cross section.

Favourable way is that bond can also replenish employing at the 20-350 ℃ of baked magnesium ore that contains magnesia 20-98%, and quantity is the 30-36% of filler weight.

Preferably anticorrisive agent can be selected for use from same clan's material of magnesium chloride, potassium chloride, sulfuric acid, magnesium sulfate, potassium sulfate.

Favourable way is that fire retardant can be selected for use from the same clan's material that contains magnesia, potassium oxide.

Favourable way is when the briquet moulding, makes the spine of its axis and shaping axle line parallel on its interface as the bottom surface, and make its axis and the slot part shaping axle line parallel, that shape is the same with spine on the interface on its opposite.

Way is that waste residue during available Arabic galactan candy and natural gum are produced is as filler preferably.

Favourable way is that tannin residue during available tanning extract is produced is as filler.

The Arabic galactan candy that best quantity available is filler weight 5-37% is as bond.

Useful way is that quantity available is that the timber of saturated with asphalt of 5-100% of filler weight is as bond.

Purpose of the present invention also reaches like this: aspect the device of realizing moulding rolled-up stock manufacture method, contain following assembly: the charging and the briquet forming room that are contained on the framework consistently and communicate with each other, in briquet forming room, be provided with the geometrical axis eyelet profile member consistent with blank moulding axis, the piston that can move along the moulding axis also is housed, briquet is pressed into the compacting chamber and the thermal chamber that is provided with heater of continuously shaped blank, also be provided with the mechanism that blank can be divided into the Len req product in addition, according to the present invention, its improvements are: briquet compacting chamber is made of two polygon truncateds cone, this two truncated cone links together along the periphery of little bottom surface, its side is securely fixed on the framework, so that the geometrical axis of the truncated cone and the moulding dead in line of suppressing the continuity blank, the big bottom surface of a truncated cone links along periphery and device material and briquet forming room, and the big bottom surface of another truncated cone links along periphery and thermal chamber, its perforations profile member is a frustoconical, its length must be three times of length of piston travel at least, and as cantilever, be fixed on the termination of piston, this device also has the blend heated device that will be assigned in charging and the briquet forming room, with be fixed on the framework, the cooling chamber that leads to thermal chamber, and the device that on continuously shaped blank, applies drag, this device is located in the cooling chamber, with be used for compacting during continuous blank with the cooling chamber side wall and pressure to continuous blank, institute's applied pressure must equal the pressure of briquet compacting at least.

The device that on continuously shaped blank, applies drag have two be located at the cooling chamber sidewall outer, with the parallel pressing plate of compacting axis, this pressing plate can be by drive power source, oppose side wall relatively moves.

The tapering of eyelet profile member should be in the scope at 1-5 degree angle, at that time the oblique angle of the truncated cone that links with charging and briquet forming room must be than the tapering of eyelet profile member big 10-12 degree angle.

Favourable way is, the device that adds hot mixt in charging and briquet forming room has two electrodes that are connected with dc source, one of them electrode is located in the interior through hole of eyelet profile member, and there is circuit to connect with this element, be provided with insulating spacer at that time between eyelet profile member and piston, another electrode then is connected with circuit with the housing of briquet forming room.

Preferably this device should have and inserts so that form spine on the charging and the bottom surface of briquet forming room, then has to insert so that forms and the slot part of the same shape of spine on the locular wall relative with the bottom surface, and the axis of spine and slot part is with to suppress axis parallel.

Favourable way is that this device has that a kind of device can prevent to feed and the wearing and tearing of the compacting of briquet forming room, briquet chamber, thermal chamber and these chamber wall inner surface of cooling chamber.

Suitable way is to prevent that the device of side locular wall wearing and tearing from being to be contained on the inwall of chamber with the liner plate that high-abrasive material is made.

Favourable way is that this device has the device with the mixture compacted in charging and the briquet forming room.

Preferably the device of compacting mixture has two pistons by drive power source, and its end face is as the side locular wall of charging and briquet forming room, and its axis normal is in the compacting axis of continuously shaped blank.

Below conjunction with figs. is illustrated the present invention with specific embodiment, wherein:

Fig. 1-with phantom the device that the compression moulding product is used is described according to the present invention;

Fig. 2-charging and briquet forming room, compacting chamber and the thermal chamber that is linked in sequence is described according to the present invention, and have one by the continuously shaped blank (vertical section) of moulding;

Fig. 3-according to the charging of inserting and the phantom of briquet forming room of being equipped with of the present invention;

Fig. 4-according to the close-up view of finished product product of the present invention has centre bore and at product chamfered edge on one side;

Fig. 5-according to the cross-sectional view that the continuously shaped blank in the cooling chamber is applied the facility of drag of the present invention;

Fig. 6 A-according to of the present invention in charging and briquet forming room with the facility (along the section of VI-VI line among Fig. 1) of mixture pre-compacted.Position shown in the figure is the indoor mixture that installed;

Fig. 6 B-is the same, but the position is the size that mixture has been compacted to the blank cross section;

A complete set of equipment of Fig. 7-use according to manufacturing moulding rolled-up stock of the present invention.

Make the moulding rolled-up stock by this method, for example square bar follows these steps to carry out:

At first prepare filler and bond.

Can use plant particles as filler, the waste material of for example wood shavings, wood shavings and smear metal, paper pulp and paper industry, such as dried branch, fork fork, cotton bar stem, rice husk and the marine alga of paper scrap, trimming, bark, crushing.The water content of the plant particles that is adopted is 4～15% in the method.If the water content of plant particles greater than above-mentioned numerical value, should be toasted their to remove redundant moisture with hot-air.Filler be should give grating and classification.The rank that particle size adopted is preferably 0.002～10 millimeter.The size of plant particles is littler, sawdust for example, and the blending of they and bond or intermixture will be finished better so.

Can adopt the hemicellulose plant particles of when moulding is suppressed, separating out as bond.Hemicellulose is the material that is combined by cellulose and lignin.

Then bond and filler are mixed, obtain mixture, it is transported to briquet moulding section.Make briquet with central through hole from mixture.After the briquet moulding,, preferably adopt 6: 1 volume ratio with the volume ratio compacting of mixture with 4: 1 to 7: 1.When compacting, must remove air pocket and will make that the size of pore narrows down to bottom line between particulate.The temperature of briquet moulding section remains on 160～350 ℃ scope, and plant particles is by plastification under this temperature.

Mixture is directed in the compacting section and extrudes first briquet after this.Continuous briquet with each compacting is bonded on the previous briquet and just can suppresses continuously shaped blank in the compacting section.Used unit pressure is 2.4～50 MPas, and temperature range is 160～350 ℃.

When the briquet with each compacting subsequently engages, should apply a drag that is equal to or greater than pressing pressure, and the steam gas field trash of separating is got rid of on one side of continuously shaped blank forming ends.

Then with continuously shaped blank heating to 300 ℃ so that carry out the polymerization process of hemicellulose, after this blank enters cooling section, gradually the temperature of continuously shaped blank is reduced to the temperature of surrounding environment there.

Divide the product of cutting off Len req from continuously shaped blank.

In another embodiment, bond is selected for use from magnesia, potassium oxide, aluminium oxide, iron oxide and so on or its hydrate, and its quantity is 30～50% of filler weight.

Can adopt as bond and to contain 20～80% magnesian magnesium-containing ores, for example, magnesite cement (Sorel ' s cement), it is a magnesia in the time of 20～350 ℃.If realize the vicinity in this method place the factory that produces magnesite cement is just arranged, that is very suitable.

According to the difference of bond composition, in some cases, except filler and bond, also to use blender as auxiliary, blender can adopt the aqueous solution of magnesium chloride or potassium chloride, and density is 1.18～1.6 gram/cubic centimetres.

All these materials of using as bond and blender of enumerating are nontoxic to the mankind, and therefore the product that obtains according to this method also is nontoxic.

In order to make the gained product have biological stability preferably, can prevent corrupt and infringement by insect, filler with should be earlier before bond mixes be that the anticorrisive agent of filler weight 12～16% is handled with quantity.Can adopt the material of magnesium chloride, potassium chloride, sulfuric acid, magnesium sulfate and potassium sulfate and so on as anticorrisive agent.

Bond meeting aquation was sent a large amount of heat when bond mixed with filler.Around each filler particulate, can form thermal field, the setting time of mixture is shortened dramatically.

When making product with filler and bond, used bond is the hemicellulose of separating out from the plant particles cell when compacting.At the same time, the natural moisture that is contained with iuntercellular in the cell is excluded, and makes the hemicellulose polymerization that is coated on the particulate to form the blank of monoblock.But the product that obtains like this is burning and corrupt easily.

When adopting that for example magnesia is made product as bond, magnesium atom can be distributed on the outer surface of cell.Magnesia can not permeates cell membranes enter cell interior.Following phenomenon takes place in the meeting at the blank that forms monoblock: the first, and the polymerization of hemicellulose, the second, the lattice that is made of magnesium atom is coated on the cell.

According to the physical property requirement to final product, promptly it is as structure usefulness or the material of using as facing, can add blender therein when the preparation mixture.Can adopt for example magnesium chloride as blender.Magnesium chloride has the ability permeate through cell membranes, enters the inside of plant particles cell.

When the moulding of monoblock product, can take place: the first, the polymerization of hemicellulose, the second, the lattice that constitutes by magnesium atom.Participated in the formation of lattice at that time at the magnesium atom of cell interior and periphery.Therefore it is very high to add the product intensity that magnesium chloride draws later on.

Magnesium chloride also can be used as fire retardant, and can become after therefore adding is difficult to burning.Crystal can form in 72 hours substantially.The physical and chemical performance of the product of finishing can be stabilized in one month time down.

In order to improve the fire resistance of gained product, handle at the fire retardant that with filler and quantity available before bond mixes is filler weight 30～50%.Can adopt magnesia or potassium oxide as fire retardant, they also all are nontoxic to the mankind.At briquet moulding section a mixture is carried out pre-compacted so that deaeration and steam.Compacting with the axis normal of continuously shaped blank and the direction parallel with its bottom surface on exert pressure and carry out.The sectional dimension that compacting will proceed to the blank cross section always reaches till the requirement.When an interface with blank forms briquet as the bottom surface, on an interface, form an axis and the parallel spine of compacting axis, and on another relative interface, form the identical slot part of shape.More closely knit spine can be formed like this, closely knit one deck can be formed because thinner component down precipitates.Can adopt Arabic galactan candy and the natural gum waste residue in producing as filler, they can adopt separately or mix the back employing with sawdust.Also can adopt the tannin residue of tanning extract in producing as filler, both can mix use with sawdust, also can use separately.Another available solutions is to adopt Arabic galactan candy as bond.According to the type of required product, the quantity of Arabic galactan candy can change in 5～37% scope of filler weight.The quantity of Arabic galactan candy can change in the scope of kind 5～37% with filler when the producer bar.And Arabic galactan candy can adopt by 5～15% of filler weight when producing sawdust-board.Another kind of replacement scheme can also be arranged, and prepare mixture this moment, and can to adopt quantity as bond be the timber of the saturated with asphalt of filler weight 5～100%.The timber of saturated with asphalt is that pine tree stub and the crushing of root connecting portion are formed.The product that the timber of employing saturated with asphalt is made can have very high bending strength and can afford the stress of 60 MPas.

The device that the compression moulding product is used has charging and briquet forming room 1 (Fig. 1), and this chamber is by charging hopper 2 feed and be contained on the framework 3.Chamber 1 links along the periphery of outlet opening and the chamber 4 that briquet is pressed into continuously shaped blank.Being equipped with in chamber 1 can be along suppressing the piston 5 that axis x-x moves, and this piston is connected (not shown in Fig. 1) by decelerator and the moving device of hydraulic pressure.

The cantilever-shaped eyelet profile member 6 of fixing in the termination of piston 5, its axis is consistent with the axis x-x of the continuously shaped blank 7 of compacting.Element 6 is made and is cut taper type, and its length is at least three times of piston 5 haul distances.The tapering of element 6 is in the scope at 1～5 degree angle.

Thermal chamber 8 links along the outlet of periphery with compacting chamber 4.Chamber 4 and 8 all is contained on the framework 3.Thermal chamber 8 is equipped with a heater 9, and in the present embodiment, this heater is an electric heater, is contained on the outer surface of chamber 8.The outlet of thermal chamber 8 links along periphery and cooling chamber 10, and this chamber also is contained on the framework 3, and there is good more piece chamber 10, and continuously shaped blank is cooling gradually in walking the process of this chamber.

Device is provided with device 11 so that blank 7 is divided into the product of Len req.In described embodiment, device 11 is the annular saw 12 of tape drive mechanism 13.

In a joint of cooling chamber 10, be provided with device 14 so that continuously shaped blank 7 is applied drag.Compacting during briquet device 14 be used for making the sidewall of cooling chamber 10 to add being pressed on the blank 7, institute's plus-pressure is equal to or greater than the pressure of compacting briquet.

Compacting briquet chamber 4 is made into two

truncateds cone

15 and 16 that interlink along the periphery of little bottom surface in the device of described embodiment.The side of the

truncated cone

15,16 is securely fixed on the framework 3, and the axis of the

truncated cone

16,16 is overlapped with the axis x-x of the continuous blank 7 of compacting.The big bottom surface of the truncated cone 15 and the periphery of charging and briquet forming room 1 link.The big bottom surface of another truncated cone 16 then links along periphery and thermal chamber 8.The compacting briquet chamber 4 of making like this can be withdrawed from so that prevent the cracking of continuous blank 7 during the new a mixture in the receiving chamber 1 backward at piston 5.Angles are spent than eyelet profile member 6 big 10～12 in the oblique angle of the truncated cone 15 at that time, and between 20～25 angles.

The mixture 17 (Fig. 2) that enters charging and briquet forming room 1 should not cool off, and therefore is provided with device 18 so that add hot mixt in device.An electrode 19 of device 18 contacts with the housing of chamber 1, and another electrode 20 then is located in the through hole 21 of element 6.Electrode 19,20 is connected with dc source 22.Through hole 21 is what to strengthen, and electrode 20 has circuit to lead to element 6.Be provided with insulation spacer 23 between element 6 and the piston 5 at that time, and a part of electrode 20 to be inside by piston 5 enter in the through hole, adopt to isolate lasso 24 it and piston 5 are insulated.

Be equipped with on the bottom surface 26 in charging and briquet forming room 1 (Fig. 3) and insert 25, on the roof 27 on 1 opposite, chamber, be equipped with and insert 28 so that the slot part of formation and the same shape of spine so that form spine.On roof 27, have a hole 29 so that mixture is packed in the chamber 1.Chamber 1 is made up of two

parts

30 and 31, links together with bead 32 between them.

Can on product 33 (Fig. 4), make inclined-plane 34 in case of necessity.Special inserting (not shown in Fig. 3) can be set so that form the inclined-plane in chamber 1 for this reason.

For mechanical damage and the wearing and tearing that prevent chamber wall inner surface, have and prevent the device that weares and teares, this device has the liner plate of being made by high-abrasive material 35 (Fig. 3), shape is identical with chamber wall inner surface, and be contained on 1,4,8,10 the wall of having family.

The device 14 (Fig. 5) that drag is applied on the continuously shaped blank has two block pressur plates 36 and 37, is located on the sidewall of cooling chamber 10 final sections.Pressing plate 36 and 37 adds on the sidewall that is pressed in chamber 10 by pressurizing member 38.Pressurizing member 38 has spherical surface 39 with pressing plate 36 and 37 contact positions.Pressurizing member 38 is connected with driving mechanism 41 by decelerator 40.Two pressurizing members 38 press from both sides the 42 motion contacts that obtain each other by U-shaped.Continuously shaped blank is to move under 43 and 44 guiding in chamber 10.

Device of the present invention also has the facility of compacting mixture in advance in charging and briquet forming room 1.This facility has two pistons 45 and 46 (Fig. 6 A and 6B) in the present embodiment, and its termination is as the sidewall of charging and briquet forming room.The axis normal of piston is in moulding

axis x-x.Piston

45 and 46 is driven by hydraulic mechanism (not shown on Fig. 6).

On the

piston

45 and 46 that illustrates on Fig. 6 A was position in chamber 1 that mixture is packed into, the

piston

45 and 46 that illustrates on Fig. 6 B then was with the position of mixture compacted to compression moulding blank 7 cross sectional dimensions.

The complete unit of making the moulding rolled-up stock comprises a utensil 48 that is used for grating wood chip 47 and bark.This utensil can be used to the various plant particles of grating.Utensil 48 usefulness pipelines and sieve 49 link, and this sieve is used for the filler particulate of grating is divided into grade.Sieve 49 usefulness pipelines and baker 50 link.Baker 50 is used on fluidized-bed the particulate baking of grating.The filler particulate buildup of oven dry is in hopper accumulator 51.

Bond is prepared by raw mineral materials.Equipment therefor comprises the stove 52 that the roasting mineral are used and the disintegrating machine of any common pattern.What adopt in the present embodiment is ball mill 53.

For mixed filling agent and bond are provided with helical mixer 54, drive spirals by motor 55.

This device also is respectively antiseptic solution and retardant solution is provided with

container

60 and 61, the solution with described composition respectively by

container

60 and 61 by

pipeline

56 and 57 and

valve batcher

58,59 enter in the blender 54.And for blender is provided with container 62, blender links with blender 54 by valve batcher 63 and pipeline 64.

When needs compacting plate 66, the mixture in the blender 54 can be outputed in the mould 65, finish compacting with press 67.

According to used raw-material kind, raw material or enter in the roaster 52 from container 62, or directly enter blender 54.

This device carries out work according to following manner:

Wood waste, for example wood chip 47 (Fig. 7) and bark are fed grating in the disintegrating machine 48.The filler particulate of grating is fallen on the sieve 49, and sieving there and telling particle size is 0.002～10 millimeter one-level.Constantly monitor the water content of particulate and should make it remain 4～15%.At this moment particulate must toast with hot-air on the bed of the stream pressureization in the baker 50.The filler for preparing enters in the hopper accumulator 51.According to the performance of desired finished product product, i.e. density, bending strength and hardness, the hemicellulose of the plant particles of separating out as bond or when adopting compacting, or replenish with the mineral bond.When adopting magnesia to be bond, magnesium-containing ore must be delivered to roasting in the stove 52 earlier.After the roasting lump being placed on grating in the disintegrating machine 53, is broken in ball mill in the present embodiment.

Magnesia powder enters spiral type mixer 54, and filler also on request ratio enters into blender 54 from hopper accumulator 51.Filler and bond mix in blender 54, resulting blender 54.Filler and bond mix in blender 54, and resulting mixture 17 is transported to the charging hopper 2 interior blanks with continuous compression moulding of this device.Charging hopper is contained on the charging hole 29 of charging and briquet forming room 1.Bond comes out to carry by pipeline 64 from container 62.

For the material agent can be solidified preferably, also input density is the aqueous solution of the magnesium chloride of 1.2 gram/cubic centimetres in blender 54, and this solution uses as anticorrisive agent and blender simultaneously.

In order to make the difficult combustion of rolled-up stock, not to be subjected to the infringement of mould, filler density is that the magnesium chloride brine of 1.18 gram/cubic centimetres is also handled as fire retardant with the magnesia of dry powder shape as anticorrisive agent, and this solution and powder are to be transported in the blender 54 from

container

60,61 by a certain percentage.

In the time of in mixture 17 (Fig. 1) being encased in charging and briquet forming room 1, piston 5 retreats into ultra-Left position, and piston 45 and 46 (Fig. 6) also retreats into the position that mixture is being packed into.Packing mixture in chamber 1 into must be more than time-consuming 10 second.

After packing into, mixture is compacted on the direction perpendicular to the compacting axis, and

piston

45 and 46 moves in opposite directions with the direction perpendicular to the compacting axis for this reason.When

piston

45 and 46 reached the position of approaching to greatest extent compacting axis, because the end face of

piston

45 and 46 becomes the wall of chamber 1, the mixture in chamber 1 just had the size of blank 7 cross sections.

When piston 5 was pressed to one side of compacting chamber 4, briquet just was formed subsequently.The briquet that forms has central through hole.Volume ratio is 4: 1 to 7: 1 during mixture compacted, preferably adopts 6: 1.On briquet, form spine and slot part simultaneously, below spine is placed on.Because below thinner little material sinks to entirely, so spine has durable structure.When compacting mixture, air pocket is excluded, and the size of bubble is reduced between particulate.The temperature of mixture is remained on 160～350 ℃ scope by the electrode 19 and 20 of connecting power supply 22 in chamber 1.Plant particles is by plastification under this temperature.

Piston 5 returns to ultra-Left position then, and new mixture 17 is encased in again in the chamber 1, promptly carries out the briquet moulding again.The briquet that formed in stroke terminal last time of piston 5 has been shifted onto by piston in the compacting chamber 4 at that time.The part of a briquet inlet chamber 4 during beginning, this part 15 is shaped as a truncated cone, and its cross section is along with the mobile route of briquet reduces gradually.Each briquet subsequently is applied in the unit pressure that reaches 30 MPas and is pressed together on the previous briquet in this part of chamber 4.The result just can make continuous shaping blank 7.

When each briquet subsequently being bonded on the briquet and forming a long continuously shaped blank, there is a power that is equal to or greater than press power to apply thereon at the forming ends of blank, pressing plate 36 and 37 is pressed on the sidewall of chamber 10 at that time.

When piston 5 returned to the home position, though the pressure that makes mixture remain on the compacting state no longer exists, the cracking of mixture was to prevent for the trochoidal surface of eyelet profile member 6, because the length of element 6 reaches three times of piston 5 haul distances.

When in the chamber first's 15 inner accumulated of 4 during the briquet that suppresses of sufficient amount, blank 7 is pulled to the second portion of chamber 4, this one also forms the truncated cone 16, but its cross section increases gradually.In this part of chamber 4 mixture at these crackings on one side of piston 5 owing to the cross section of passing through that has increased chamber 4 is prevented from.

The steam and the gas that separate out when compacting are discharged from by the centre bore in the blank 7.The gentle cognition of these steam makes the mixture distending of compacting.Under the effect of the pressure of steam of discharging and gas, blank 7 can increase its size equably and 4 exit meets the requirements of shape in the chamber.

Downtrodden blank 7 is because the size of blank 7 cross sections after having passed through the smallest cross-sectional of chamber 4 why not ftractureing on one side at this of piston behind the second portion that enters into chamber 4, as what pointed out, the cause that begins to increase, the power that surpasses press power this moment and blank is drawn back no longer exists.

Hemicellulose begins polymerization process in chamber 4, and blank begins to be transformed into closely knit monoblock.

Then continuously shaped blank 7 enters thermal chamber, and temperature remains on same scope and is about 300 ℃ there.Carry out polymerization at this indoor hemicellulose, promptly mixture solidifies, and blank 7 is transformed into the continuously shaped blank 7 of closely knit monoblock.

Continuously shaped blank 7 enters cooling chamber 10 again, and this chamber is made of several joints.Can be cooled to the temperature of surrounding environment by the blank 7 of these several joints.

Continuously shaped blank 7 is divided into product 33 in the exit of cooling chamber 10, stacks in heaps.When making sawdust-board 66, the material agent of coming out from blender is delivered directly in the mould 65 also with press 67 compactings.

This method can be used to make rolled-up stock, for example makes the sawdust-board that square bar, decorative wall and manufacturing furniture that house uses are used.Nontoxic, the difficult combustion of the product of making according to the present invention can't be rotted.Produce this product and do not have waste material, on ecology, keep clean, promptly can not pollute surrounding environment.

Claims

1, the manufacture method of moulding rolled-up stock comprises the following steps:

Filler is mixed with bond, and this filler is made up of plant particles, and in addition grating, classification are also adopted wherein one-level;

The mixture that obtains is transported to briquet moulding section, forms briquet at this section, afterwards with the briquet compacting with central through hole;

Then briquet is transferred to the compacting section, the briquet with each compacting subsequently is bonded on the previous briquet to make continuous shaping blank there; With blank heating;

And be divided into the product of the length that requires from the continuously shaped blank of gained;

It is characterized in that:

The size level of the little material of plant that is adopted is the 0.002-10 millimeter, and water content is 4-15%,

The hemicellulose that employing is separated out by plant particles when compacting is as bond;

In the volume ratio compacting with 4: 1 to 7: 1 of the mixture of briquet moulding section, and temperature remains on 160-350 ℃ scope;

It is to realize that unit pressure is the 2-50 MPa in the compacting section that the briquet of each compacting subsequently is bonded on the previous briquet, and temperature range is 160-350 ℃;

When the briquet of each compacting subsequently when engaging, the applied pressure when drag that applies on one side of continuously shaped blank forming ends should equal to suppress at least, continuously shaped afterwards blank is sent to heat-treats;

Bond can also replenish from the same clan of containing magnesia, calcium oxide, aluminium oxide, iron oxide and select for use, and quantity is the 30-50% of filler weight;

Also adopt blender except filler and bond, this blender can be selected the aqueous solution of the same clan of magnesium chloride, potassium chloride for use, and its density is 1.18-1.6 gram/cubic centimetre;

With before bond mixes, filler particulate number of applications is that the anticorrisive agent of filler weight 12-16% is handled;

With before bond mixes, the filler particulate should be earlier is that the fire retardant of the 30-50% of filler weight is handled with quantity;

At briquet moulding section, with blank compacting axis normal and the direction parallel with the bottom surface on exert pressure, make mixture carry out pre-compacted, reach the size of blank cross section up to the cross section.

2, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized by:

Bond can also replenish from the hydrate of the same clan of containing magnesia, calcium oxide, aluminium oxide, iron oxide and select for use, and quantity is the 30-50% of filler weight.

3, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized by:

Bond can also replenish employing at the 20-350 ℃ of baked magnesium ore that contains magnesia 20-98%, and quantity is the 30-36% of filler weight.

4, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized by:

Anticorrisive agent can be selected for use from the same clan's material that contains magnesium chloride, potassium chloride, sulfuric acid, magnesium sulfate and potassium sulfate.

5, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized by:

Fire retardant can be selected for use from the same clan's material that contains magnesia, potassium oxide.

6, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized by:

When the briquet moulding, on its interface, make its axis and the parallel spine of compacting axis, and on relative interface, make its axis and compacting axis slot part parallel, that shape is the same with spine as the bottom surface.

7, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized by:

Waste residue during available Arabic galactan candy and natural gum are produced is as filler.

8, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized by:

Tannin residue during available tanning extract is produced is as filler.

9, in accordance with the method for claim 7, it is characterized by:

Quantity available is that the Arabic galactan candy of filler weight 5-37% is a bond.

10, according to the described method in one of claim 7 or 8, it is characterized by,

Quantity available is that the timber of saturated with asphalt of 5-100% of filler weight is as bond.

11, the device of realization moulding rolled-up stock manufacture method comprises following assembly; Be contained in consistently several chambers that framework (3) is upper and communicate with each other; Comprise charging and briquet forming room (1); At this indoor geometrical axis eyelet profile member (6) consistent with blank compacting axis X-X that be provided with; Also being equipped with can be along the piston (5) that moves of compacting axis X-X; Briquet is pressed into the compacting chamber (4) of continuously shaped blank and is provided with the thermal chamber (8) of heater (9); Also be provided with in addition the device that blank can be divided into the Len req product; It is characterized in that

Briquet compacting chamber (4) is by two polygon truncateds cone (15,16) constitute, this two truncated cone links together along the periphery of little bottom surface, its side is securely fixed on the framework (3), make the truncated cone (15,16) geometrical axis overlaps with the axis x-x of compacting continuity blank, the big bottom surface of a truncated cone (15) links with charging and briquet forming room along periphery, and the big bottom surface of another truncated cone (16) links along periphery and thermal chamber (8), its perforations profile member (6) is a frustoconical, its length must be three times of piston (5) haul distance at least, and as cantilever, be fixed on the termination of piston (5), this device also has the blend heated device (18) that will be assigned in charging and the briquet forming room (1), with be fixed on the framework (3), the cooling chamber (10) that leads to thermal chamber (8), and the device that on continuously shaped blank, applies drag, this device is located on the cooling chamber (10), be used for the continuous blank of compacting when (7) with the side wall and pressure of cooling chamber (10) to continuous blank (7), institute's applied pressure must equal the pressure of briquet compacting at least;

The device (14) that applies drag on continuously shaped blank has two and is located at cooling chamber (10) sidewall outer, and with the parallel pressing plate (36,37) of compacting axis X-X, this pressing plate can be driven by power source (41), and oppose side wall relatively moves;

The tapering of eyelet profile member should be in the scope at 1-5 degree angle, at that time the oblique angle of the truncated cone (15) that links with charging and briquet forming room must be than the tapering of eyelet profile member big 10-12 degree angle.

12, according to the described device of claim 11, it is characterized by,

The device (18) that adds hot mixt in charging and briquet forming room (1) has two electrodes that are connected with dc source (22) (19,20), one of them electrode (19) is located in the interior through hole (21) of eyelet profile member (6), and there is circuit to connect with described element (6), wherein be provided with insulating spacer (23) between eyelet profile member (6) and piston (5), another electrode (20) then is connected with circuit with the housing of briquet forming room (1).

13, according to the described device of claim 11, it is characterized by,

On the charging and the bottom surface (26) of briquet forming room (1), have and insert (25), on the locular wall (27) relative, then have and insert (28) so that form and the slot part of the same shape of spine with bottom surface (26) so that form spine.

14, according to the described device of claim 11, it is characterized by,

All be provided with the device that prevents the chamber wall inner surface wearing and tearing in charging and briquet forming room (1), briquet compacting chamber (4), thermal chamber (8) and cooling chamber (8).

15, according to the described device of claim 14, it is characterized by, prevent that the device of side locular wall wearing and tearing from being two blocks of liner plates of being made by high-abrasive material (36,37), this liner plate is contained on the inwall of chamber (1,4,8,10).

16, according to the described device of claim 11, it is characterized by,

The device that in charging and briquet forming room, has compacting mixture.

17, according to the described device of claim 16, it is characterized by,

The device of compacting mixture has two pistons by drive power source (45,46), and its end face is as the side locular wall of charging and briquet forming room, and its axis normal is in the compacting axis X-X of continuously shaped blank.