CN103424160A - Method for measuring water depth of water holding layer of paddy field - Google Patents
Method for measuring water depth of water holding layer of paddy field Download PDFInfo
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- CN103424160A CN103424160A CN2013103754862A CN201310375486A CN103424160A CN 103424160 A CN103424160 A CN 103424160A CN 2013103754862 A CN2013103754862 A CN 2013103754862A CN 201310375486 A CN201310375486 A CN 201310375486A CN 103424160 A CN103424160 A CN 103424160A
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- infrared light
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for measuring water depth of a water holding layer of a paddy field. The method comprises the steps of (1) selecting a plurality of paddy field sample sites and corresponding near-infrared light transmitting points, wherein the depth from each near-infrared light transmitting point to the corresponding paddy field sample site is the same; (2) respectively transmitting 950-1000nm near-infrared light to the corresponding paddy field sample site from each near-infrared light transmitting point to obtain near-infrared light reflectivity; (3) building a model by taking the near-infrared light reflectivity of each paddy field sample site as input and the depth of the water holding layer of the corresponding actually-measured paddy field sample site as output; (4) selecting actually-measured near-infrared light transmitting points which have preset distance from the horizontal level of the water holding layer of the paddy field, transmitting 950-1000nm near-infrared light to sites to be measured of the paddy field, obtaining the near-infrared light refractivity, and substituting the near-infrared light refractivity into the model obtained in the step (3) to obtain the depth of the water holding layer at the sites to be measured of the paddy field. The method for measuring water depth of the water holding layer of the paddy field has the advantages that the operation is simple and the accuracy of the measured water depth of the water holding layer of the paddy field is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the field information acquisition field, relate in particular to a kind of method of measuring rice field water holding layer water level depth.
Background technology
Paddy rice is in growth course, if water layer management is improper, can cause vine growth and development bad, very easily brings out the harm of disease Chinese caterpillar fungus, causes the serious consequences such as the underproduction.Therefore, run the rice field water layer well, all very important to alleviating disease pest and weed and volume increase, synergy, water saving.
In order to guarantee the good growth of paddy rice, seedling phase water holding layer remains in 10～35mm scope; During rice transplanting, require the water holding layer in the 10mm left and right, after rice transplanting, field face water holding layer remains on the 20mm left and right; The water holding layer in earlier stage of tillering preferably is controlled in 20mm; The booting of paddy rice jointing is to the heading flowering stage, and field face water holding layer should keep 20～40mm.As can be seen here, the water holding layer water level of suitable paddy growth is lower, is usually less than 50mm.
The at present control operation of rice field water holding layer water level all judged by rule of thumb by the peasant, and because water holding layer water level is lower, the result of determination error is large, affected seriously by subjective factor, thereby has affected the good growth of paddy rice.In the accurate operating system of paddy rice, the surveying instrument of a kind of science of decision-making requirements of Precision Irrigation completes the detection of field capacity automatically, seeks to realize that the measuring method of apparatus measures has great importance.
Traditional soil moisture detection relies on Dielectric Constant of NaCl Soil characteristic, soil conductivity, electromagnetic wave, NEUTRON METHOD etc., but these methods are subject to the impact of the physicochemical characteristicss such as the soil weight, the soil texture, soil texture, soil chemistry composition and salt content and produce limitation.And traditional soil moisture sensor test specification is limited, when the complete submergence soil of the water in rice field, just reached traditional soil moisture sensor and measured maximum value, after water depth increases, sensor is reactionless.But must keep water depth within the specific limits for some time in the Rice Cropping process.Realize that the intellectuality of Rice Cropping irrigates the water holding layer water level must realize rice terrace.Must seek the field water layer depth detecting sensor of a kind of applicable farmland Rice Cropping.
The application for a patent for invention that publication number is " CN101281183A " discloses a kind of paddy field moisture sensor, it comprises shell, be arranged at the soil moisture content probe of outer casing bottom, be affixed on the water layer probe of shell both sides, and be located at the testing circuit of enclosure, this invention utilizes the water layer probe to be measured the paddy field water layer depth, testing circuit sends the pulse square wave pumping signal to the water layer probe, again by receiving the also peak signal of the charging voltage at computational analysis water layer probe two ends, thereby draw the degree of depth of rice field water layer, but the method is subject to salt content and impurity etc. in water to affect larger, the different soils medium will produce different peak responses, thereby affect its measuring accuracy.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of method of measuring rice field water holding layer water level depth, solved the low problem of precision in the water holding layer water level depth measuring process of rice field.
A kind of method of measuring rice field water holding layer water level depth comprises the following steps:
(1) choose sample site, a plurality of rice field and corresponding near infrared light launching site, and each near infrared light launching site is identical apart from the degree of depth in sample site, corresponding rice field;
(2) launch respectively the near infrared light of 950～1000nm to sample site, corresponding rice field on each near infrared light launching site, and obtain the near infrared light reflectivity;
(3) take the near infrared light reflectivity in each sample site, rice field is input, and corresponding sample site, the actual measurement rice field water holding layer depth of take is output, sets up model;
(4) the actual measurement near infrared light launching site of selected distance rice field water holding layer surface level predetermined depth, near infrared light by this actual measurement near infrared light launching site from site emission to be measured 950～1000nm to rice field, and obtain the near infrared light reflectivity, by the model in the near infrared light reflectivity substitution step (3) in site to be measured, described rice field, obtain site to be measured, rice field water holding layer depth.
Moisture has stronger absorption near infrared light under specific wavelength, and its absorption intensity is subject to the impact that the water holding floor height is low, and the spectral reflectivity therefore obtained after the reflection of rice field water holding layer also hangs down close contacting arranged with the water holding floor height; By gathering a large amount of sample datas, set up the model between near infrared light reflectivity and water holding layer depth, according to the near infrared light reflectivity in the site to be measured, rice field obtained, the model that substitution is set up, can draw site to be measured, rice field water holding layer depth.
In step (1), each near infrared light launching site of described depth representing is all identical apart from the height in corresponding sample site, rice field, be that each near infrared light launching site is all identical apart from the distance of upper soll layer, and, more than at least guaranteeing that each near infrared light launching site is in the water surface, with the reflectivity between the sample site, different rice field that guarantees to obtain, there is comparability and correlativity.
In order better to obtain the near infrared light reflectivity in sample site, field, described in step (1), the degree of depth, for being 10～50mm, is preferably 20mm.
In step (2), a large number of experiments show that, the near infrared light that water is 950～1000nm to wavelength has obvious absorption, absorption intensity is subject to the impact of water holding layer depth remarkable simultaneously, be subject in water impurity effect less, therefore select near infrared light that wavelength is 950～1000nm as characteristic spectrum, for the detection of modeling and rice field site to be measured water holding layer depth.
As preferably, the near infrared light wavelength is 980nm, and under this wavelength, it is the most remarkable that the degree of absorption of near infrared light is affected by the water holding layer depth, and site to be measured, the rice field the recorded degree of depth is more accurate.
The selection of sample site, rice field number has material impact for the accuracy of model and the complicacy of modeling process, and the number in sample site, described rice field is 70～100, simultaneously each sample site, rice field water holding layer depth difference.
In step (3), adopt intuitive and accurate telemetry to obtain described actual measurement rice field sample water holding layer depth, concrete grammar is: by mark post paddy field harvester water holding layer, the mark post bottom contacts paddy soil layer surface, be water holding layer bottom, rice field, the degree of depth of its submergence of mark, utilize vernier caliper measurement mark post submergence, obtains described rice field sample water holding layer water level depth.
The accuracy of described model will directly affect by the degree of accuracy of site to be measured, the rice field of the model prediction degree of depth, and described model is preferably Y
s=32.95 * k
2(1-1.35 * v
IR);
Wherein, Y
sFor detecting the water depth value obtained, v
IRFor the reflectivity of near infrared spectrum in testing process, k
2For correction parameter.K
2Be redefined for 1.
In step (4), the water holding layer depth the unknown of site to be measured, rice field, it is all identical apart from the degree of depth of rice field water holding layer surface level that described predetermined depth refers to survey infrared light emission point, and more than actual measurement near infrared light launching site is in the water surface.
Described correction parameter k
2Definite method be:
The ruddiness that the broadband near infrared light that site to be measured emission wavelength ranges is 780～950nm to rice field and wavelength are 500～600nm, obtain the reflectivity of described broadband near infrared light and ruddiness;
According to formula
Obtain correction factor; Wherein, K is correction factor, R
IFor the reflectivity of broadband near infrared light, R
RReflectivity for ruddiness;
When adjusted coefficient K<0, it is invalid to detect;
When adjusted coefficient K>=0, detect effectively correction parameter
Wherein: BK is fixing light intensity value, S
nIntensity of illumination for current detection.
The detection error near infrared reflection of light caused in order to eliminate water holding layer below, rice field soil, utilize the ruddiness that broadband near infrared light that wavelength coverage is 780～950nm and wavelength are 500～600nm to obtain correction factor, by correction factor, can eliminate the impact of Soil Background on testing result.
The wavelength of described ruddiness is 600nm.
The paddy field moisture detection background is eliminated in two kinds of situation:
A. Large Amount of Irradiated, on plant canopy and plant, and is not radiated on the water body of field during emission of light, and testing result is insincere so.Above-mentioned situation, point out the user to aim at the mark and again detect if.Its principle is: while utilizing ruddiness, near infrared light detection background, if shine ruddiness on rice leaf, will be absorbed in a large number by blade face, the reflectivity of ruddiness will greatly reduce, and rice leaf is less to Near-infrared Spectral Absorption, therefore the reflectivity of near infrared spectrum will increase, now correction factor
Illustrate that the light detected has been subject to strongly stopping, can differentiate this result according to negative value invalid thus.
B. get rid of crop to the interference detected except needs, the intensity of external light source is one of key factor affected this method detection.Therefore, after obtaining adjusted coefficient K>=0, introduce simultaneously
As correction parameter, wherein: BK is fixing light intensity value, and the model of its standard is done under this light intensity, S
nIntensity of illumination for current detection.
With respect to prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) the present invention utilizes near-infrared spectrum technique to measure rice field water holding layer depth, easy and simple to handle, and fast, accurately, the data that record have good stability and repeatability in measurement;
(2) the near infrared spectrum wave band that the present invention selects the 900～1000nm wave band responsive to water holding layer water level height, as detecting spectrum, can be avoided the impact of impurity on measurement result in water, has improved the measuring accuracy of rice field water holding layer water level depth.
The accompanying drawing explanation
The structural representation of measuring method when Fig. 1 is modeling of the present invention.
The structural representation that Fig. 2 is the present invention's measuring method while measuring rice field water holding layer water level depth.
Embodiment
In order more specifically to describe the present invention, below in conjunction with the drawings and the specific embodiments, technical scheme of the present invention and relative theory thereof are elaborated.
Embodiment
1, the foundation of model
(1) choose 100 water holding layer depth at 0～5cm between rice field, and the sample site, rice field that the degree of depth is different, survey the water holding layer depth in each sample site, rice field, concrete measurement method is as follows: mark post is dipped vertically in the water holding layer of rice field, mark post bottom just contacts paddy soil layer surface, i.e. rice field water holding layer bottom, mark mark post submergence, utilize vernier caliper to be measured the mark post submergence, record the degree of depth and be described rice field water holding layer water level depth.
As shown in Figure 1, the intersection in the top layer of soil A and rice field 1 is provided with sample site, rice field, and in the same degree of depth in sample site, distance rice field, the M=20mm place, launch respectively the near infrared light of 980nm, and obtain described near infrared light reflectivity to sample site, rice field.
(2) take the near infrared light reflectivity in sample site, 100 rice fields is input, and corresponding sample site, the rice field water holding layer depth of take is output, sets up as drag:
Y
s＝32.95×k
2(1-1.35×v
IR)；
Wherein, Y
sFor detecting the water depth value obtained, v
IRFor the reflectivity of near infrared spectrum in testing process, k
2For correction parameter.
This experimental situation is identical, does not therefore need the intervention of correction parameter, i.e. k
2=1.Modeling database used is as shown in table 1, as space is limited, only the data in sample site, 20 rice fields is listed in to this.
Table 1 model database
2, the checking of model
Accuracy for verification model, as shown in Figure 2, choose 50 sites to be measured, rice field that the water holding layer depth is different in field, in the same depth of distance surface level B, i.e. s=15mm place, the near infrared light of emission 980nm in site to be measured to rice field, and obtain described near infrared light reflectivity, now depth of water M the unknown, M1, M2, M3 means the water holding layer depth difference in sample site, different rice field.
The spectral reflectivity in site to be measured, 50 rice fields will be obtained, the model Y of substitution embodiment 1
s=32.95 * k
2(1-1.35 * v
IR) in, wherein k2=1, obtain site to be measured, model prediction rice field water holding layer depth.
For the ease of comparative analysis, obtain site to be measured, the actual measurement rice field water holding layer depth in each site to be measured, rice field according to the measurement method in embodiment step 1.
Limit by length size institute, only incite somebody to action the wherein data list table 2 in representative site to be measured, 10 rice fields.
The measurement data in site to be measured, table 2 part rice field
3, detect the further correction of data
In order to eliminate the impact of Soil Background on testing result, need further revise detecting data, concrete steps are as follows:
The ruddiness that the broadband near infrared light that site to be measured emission wavelength ranges is 900nm to rice field and wavelength are 600nm, obtain the reflectivity of described broadband near infrared light and ruddiness;
According to formula
Obtain correction parameter; Wherein: BK is fixing light intensity value, S
nIntensity of illumination for current detection.
By the correction parameter k obtained
2Be updated to model Y
s=32.95 * k
2(1-1.35 * v
IR) in, obtain the revised degree of depth Y of site to be measured, rice field water holding layer
s, and with embodiment 2 in the site water holding layer depth Y to be measured that obtains
sCompare.
Now the representative data of 10 in site to be measured, 50 rice fields (experimental situation is respectively in the different ambient light situation according to, different location and carries out) are listed in to table 3.
The measurement data in site to be measured, table 3 part rice field
As seen from the table, the degree of accuracy of site to be measured, revised rice field water holding layer depth is higher.
Claims (8)
1. a method of measuring rice field water holding layer water level depth, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) choose sample site, a plurality of rice field and corresponding near infrared light launching site, and each near infrared light launching site is identical apart from the degree of depth in sample site, corresponding rice field;
(2) launch respectively the near infrared light of 950～1000nm to sample site, corresponding rice field on each near infrared light launching site, and obtain the near infrared light reflectivity;
(3) take the near infrared light reflectivity in each sample site, rice field is input, and corresponding sample site, the actual measurement rice field water holding layer depth of take is output, sets up model;
(4) the actual measurement near infrared light launching site of selected distance rice field water holding layer surface level predetermined depth, near infrared light by this actual measurement near infrared light launching site from site emission to be measured 950～1000nm to rice field, and obtain the near infrared light reflectivity, by the model in the near infrared light reflectivity substitution step (3) in site to be measured, described rice field, obtain site to be measured, rice field water holding layer depth.
2. the method for measurement as claimed in claim 1 rice field water holding layer water level depth, is characterized in that, in step (2), described near infrared light wavelength is 980nm.
3. the method for measurement as claimed in claim 1 rice field water holding layer water level depth, is characterized in that, in step (3), described model is Y
s=32.95 * k
2(1-1.35 * v
IR);
Wherein, Y
sFor detecting the water depth value obtained, v
IRFor the reflectivity of near infrared spectrum in testing process, k
2For correction parameter.
4. the method for measurement as claimed in claim 1 rice field water holding layer water level depth, is characterized in that, in step (1), the described degree of depth is 10～50mm.
5. the method for measurement as claimed in claim 1 rice field water holding layer water level depth, is characterized in that, in step (1), the described degree of depth is 20mm.
6. the method for measurement as claimed in claim 1 rice field water holding layer water level depth, is characterized in that, in described step (1), sample site, described rice field is 70～100.
7. the method for measurement as claimed in claim 3 rice field water holding bit depth, is characterized in that,
Described correction parameter k
2Definite method be:
The ruddiness that the broadband near infrared light that site to be measured emission wavelength ranges is 780～950nm to rice field and wavelength are 500～600nm, obtain the reflectivity of described broadband near infrared light and ruddiness;
According to formula
Obtain correction factor; Wherein, K is correction factor, R
IFor the reflectivity of broadband near infrared light, R
RReflectivity for ruddiness;
When adjusted coefficient K<0, it is invalid to detect;
When adjusted coefficient K>=0, detect effectively correction parameter
Wherein: BK is fixing light intensity value, S
nIntensity of illumination for current detection.
8. the method for measurement as claimed in claim 7 rice field water holding bit depth, is characterized in that, the wavelength of described ruddiness is 600nm.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113807132A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2021-12-17 | 广州极飞科技股份有限公司 | Method and device for identifying irrigation state of plant growing area and storage medium |
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| CN101017133A (en) * | 2006-11-14 | 2007-08-15 | 西北农林科技大学 | Soil water measuring instrument based on infrared radiation |
| CN101281183A (en) * | 2008-06-03 | 2008-10-08 | 华南农业大学 | Paddy field moisture sensor |
| CN102252973A (en) * | 2011-03-10 | 2011-11-23 | 王桥 | Method for performing remote-sensing monitoring on soil moisture content |
-
2013
- 2013-08-26 CN CN201310375486.2A patent/CN103424160B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101017133A (en) * | 2006-11-14 | 2007-08-15 | 西北农林科技大学 | Soil water measuring instrument based on infrared radiation |
| CN101281183A (en) * | 2008-06-03 | 2008-10-08 | 华南农业大学 | Paddy field moisture sensor |
| CN102252973A (en) * | 2011-03-10 | 2011-11-23 | 王桥 | Method for performing remote-sensing monitoring on soil moisture content |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 刑振等: "基于MSP430F149的土壤水分测量仪的设计", 《农机化研究》 * |
| 石要武等: "红外土壤表面水分测量仪的研制", 《农业工程学报》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113807132A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2021-12-17 | 广州极飞科技股份有限公司 | Method and device for identifying irrigation state of plant growing area and storage medium |
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