CN103421198A - Preparation method and application of low-temperature dissolving agar - Google Patents
Preparation method and application of low-temperature dissolving agar Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method and application of low-temperature dissolving agar. The preparation method comprises the following steps: a suspension is prepared by adding powdery agar to water; the suspension is modified via high-pressure homogeneity; the agar becomes liquid via heating; low-temperature dissolving agar power is obtained via spaying and drying. The low-temperature dissolving agar can be applied to yogurt, a good substrate can be provided for the yogurt by adding a right amount of the agar, and a stable system for the transport and the storage of the yogurt is supplied. The adopted preparation method has the characteristics of simplicity and convenience in operation, easiness in control, safety, practicability and the like, and besides, the prepared agar has the characteristics of low dissolving temperature and high gelatum strength.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method and application thereof of dissolution in low temperature agar, belong to the Food Engineering Development field.
Background technology
At present, agar is regarded as the foodstuff additive that It is generally accepted as safety by FDA Food and Drug Administration, does not limit its addition in food.Agar has following advantage in food applications: quality is hard; Thermotolerance is strong; Stable under acidic conditions; Reactionless with other composition in food.These advantages make agar be applied in a lot of food always just, in the food of especially hard at needs, good thermal stability and good moisture stabilization, have the status of not replacing.
Preparation method (the Cong Fengsong of Chinese patent application quickly dissolving agar, Chinese patent: CN200510112224.2,2006-6-28) adopt in agar and add solubility promoter and dispersion agent to improve the instantly-soluble of agar, the agar solvent temperature is reduced to 80 ℃ of left and right, but its solvent temperature is still higher; And the solubility promoter added and dispersion agent are unknown for addition and the impact of other composition in the actual production formula.
Also have related article Qindao a materialization characteristic, production technique and the application in food thereof in cold day (Sun Lijun, summer and chant Luo Xiao etc., Food Additives Used in China, 2011, z1,266-270) in after its gelling of quickly dissolving agar of producing gel-strength in (mass concentration 1%) at 500g/cm
2Left and right.
Due to the solvent temperature of agar superelevation, need in actual applications to consume a large amount of energy and time, affect production cost and the efficiency of food, the application in food is restricted.Although some agar through modification has reduced solvent temperature, the gel-strength of agar descends very large, makes the advantage of agar maximum no longer obvious; Some agar is to carry out modification by chemical process or the method for adding other material, has increased the risk of safe edible, and the material simultaneously added can affect the use of other material in formula.The gel-strength of agar is one of important indicator of estimating the agar quality, and higher its using value of the gel-strength of agar is just larger, is therefore improving the deliquescent gel-strength that simultaneously will guarantee as far as possible agar of agar.So the development for high-gel strength dissolution in low temperature agar is very significant.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of preparation method of dissolution in low temperature agar, technical scheme is as follows: agar powder is added to the water to the suspension of making, high-pressure homogeneously carry out modification, reheat and make agar become liquid state, finally carry out spraying drying and obtain the dissolution in low temperature agar powder.
Concrete steps of the present invention are as follows:
1) agar powder is mixed with water, stir;
2) above-mentioned suspension is joined in clarifixator, regulate homogenization pressure, carry out homogeneous;
3) regulate the agar-agar soln mass concentration, heating and melting makes agar become liquid state, carries out spraying drying;
4) sieve and collect powder-product.
Above-mentioned steps 1) in, the temperature of water is 50-60 ℃, the 3%-5% that the agar adding proportion is quality.
Above-mentioned steps 2) in, homogenization pressure is 60-100Mpa.
Above-mentioned homogenization pressure is 65-90Mpa.
Above-mentioned homogenization pressure is 70Mpa.
Above-mentioned steps 3) in, the parameter of spray-drying tower is: feeding temperature is more than 80 ℃, inlet temperature 150-180 ℃, temperature of outgoing air 60-80 ℃, temperature 70-90 ℃ in tower.
Further, preferred version of the present invention is as follows:
1) agar powder is joined in the warm water of 50 ℃, the agar adding proportion is quality 3%;
2) this suspension agitation is even, then join rapidly in clarifixator, the adjusting homogenization pressure is 70Mpa, twice of Matter Transfer;
3) add certain mass water and make the agar-agar soln mass concentration be about 3%, and heating and melting makes agar become liquid state, then send into spray-drying tower, the parameter in the adjustable spraying drying tower: 80 ℃ of feeding temperatures, 170 ℃ of inlet temperature, 80 ℃ of temperature of outgoing airs;
4) sieve, particle diameter is greatly about 60-80 μ m.
The agar that above-mentioned preferred version obtains is agar after modification after measured, and obtaining gel-strength is 2280g/cm
2, gelation point is that 29.7 ℃, fusing point are 77.8 ℃, water ratio is 11.8%.
The present invention also provides a kind of application of dissolution in low temperature agar, is to add described dissolution in low temperature agar in Yoghourt.
Described agar addition in Yoghourt is more than 0.05%.
The solvent temperature of above-mentioned agar is 60-65 ℃.
The present invention has the following advantages:
1. present technique, under the prerequisite of not adding other materials, utilizes high pressure homogenization technique and spray drying technology to be processed agar, and the solvent temperature of agar is reduced, and reduces to the full extent the reduction of gel-strength simultaneously;
2. present technique utilizes physical method to carry out modification to the microtexture of agar, and acquisition can be at dissolution in low temperature and the agar with using value, and dissolution in low temperature agar has been saved a large amount of energy and time in actual applications, has improved the production efficiency of food;
3. the application present technique is produced product edible safety, control easy and simple to handle, easy.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the agar gel intensity after different homogenization pressures are processed.
The variation that Fig. 2 is Yoghourt viscosity under different agar additions;
(■-undressed sample; ▲-high-pressure homogeneous-spraying drying sample).
The variation that Fig. 3 is Yoghourt viscosity under different velocity of shear;
(■-undressed sample; ▲-high-pressure homogeneous-spraying drying sample).
The variation that Fig. 4 is the soured milk whey amount of separating out under different agar additions;
(■-undressed sample; ▲-high-pressure homogeneous-spraying drying sample).
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: the selection of homogenization pressure:
Agar is scattered in water, and the temperature of water is 50 ℃, and the agar adding proportion is quality 3%.Different pressures can produce different results, high-pressure homogeneous carry out modification after, spraying drying is collected powder.High-pressure homogeneous pressure, when 10Mpa, 20Mpa and 30Mpa, does not produce gel after the agar obtained is cooling; Homogenization pressure, when 40Mpa is above, has all formed gel after the agar obtained is cooling, the results are shown in Figure 1.
As can be seen from Figure 1, along with the increase of homogenization pressure, the agar gel strength increase reaches value when arriving 70Mpa, and afterwards along with the increase of homogenization pressure, the agar gel Strength Changes is little.During homogenization pressure 65Mpa, gel-strength is 880g/cm
2, during homogenization pressure 70Mpa, gel-strength sharply rises to 2280g/cm
2, the pressure of 70Mpa is the most obvious for the processing effect of agar powder; Homogenization pressure had both guaranteed the integrity of agar processing when 70Mpa, saved the energy than homogenization pressure when the 75-100Mpa again, so choose the homogenization pressure processing agar of 70Mpa.
For same group of sample, the agar quality of dissolving is directly proportional to its gel-strength, the height that is to say same agar gel intensity depend primarily on agar soluble in water the number, the reticulated structure that the agar of dissolving forms gel more at most is just more; Powder after the experimental group spraying drying that homogenization pressure is 30Mpa is at 80 ℃ of lower water-bath 15min, can not form gel after cooling; Powder after the experimental group spraying drying that homogenization pressure is 60Mpa is at 60 ℃ of lower water-bath 15min, can form gel after cooling, at 60 ℃ of lower agar, dissolved 66.3%; Powder after the experimental group spraying drying that homogenization pressure is 70Mpa is at 60 ℃ of lower water-bath 15min, can form gel after cooling; Dissolved 96.0% at 60 ℃ of lower agar; Powder after the experimental group spraying drying that homogenization pressure is 100Mpa is at 60 ℃ of lower water-bath 15min, can form gel after cooling, at 60 ℃ of lower agar, dissolved 95.4%; The agar solvability that the agar solvability that homogeneous obtains under this pressure obtains with homogeneous under 70Mpa is identical, but gel-strength decline obviously, and the energy of this homogenization pressure consumption also increases, and has improved product cost.
So tentatively selected homogenization pressure is 70Mpa.
Embodiment 2: the auxiliary definite homogenization pressure of transmission electron microscope:
Utilize transmission electron microscope can clearly observe the state of agar in solution, can understand different homogenization pressures to the agar impact that state produces in solution, for selecting applicable homogenization pressure, provide theoretical foundation.
Modification agar (does not form gel) and is spherical vesicle in solution, the part bead is arranged in conjunction with being sticked together, and this is not disperse fully owing at room temperature stirring part agar in the supernatant liquor of separating out after agar, is gathered into a pile; During observation, find as far as possible single, without the agar bead of other impact, taken pictures.
Undressed agar is about the spherical of 1600nm with diameter and exists in solution, 30Mpa homogeneous agar diameter in solution is 1200nm, the diameter in solution is little than unprocessed agar for the agar of 30Mpa homogenization treatment, the homogenization pressure that 30Mpa is described has reduced the diameter of agar in solution, but homogeneous intensity can not make agar soluble in water.60Mpa homogeneous agar diameter in solution is about 500nm, 70Mpa homogeneous agar diameter in solution is about 400nm, 100Mpa homogeneous agar diameter in solution is about 390nm, along with the diameter of rising agar in solution of homogenization pressure is more and more less, but the agar diameter changes little after 70Mpa; Gel-strength, along with the rising of homogenization pressure increases, changes not quite after 70Mpa, and the reason that this phenomenon occurs may be that after homogeneous, the particle diameter of agar is less, and agar soluble in water is more, and gel-strength is larger; 70Mpa and 100Mpa experimental group agar size and gel-strength are more or less the same, so, when homogenization pressure reaches 70Mpa, the agar after homogeneous is almost all soluble in water, is thick.So analyze and select homogenization pressure 70Mpa processing dissolution in low temperature agar according to this.
Embodiment 3: the selection of spraying drying condition:
Agar is scattered in water, and the temperature of water is 50 ℃, and the agar adding proportion is quality 3%, and homogenization pressure is 70Mpa.Table 1 is each experimental group parameter of spraying drying, according to each experimental group parameter in this table, carries out the spraying drying experiment, determines the final condition of spraying drying.
The agar powder water ratio that first group (160 ℃ of inlet temperature, 80 ℃ of temperature of outgoing airs) obtains is 11.4%, and the dispersiveness of agar powder is bad, and particle is thinner; The agar powder that second group (160 ℃ of inlet temperature, 70 ℃ of temperature of outgoing airs) and the 3rd group (160 ℃ of inlet temperature, 60 ℃ of temperature of outgoing airs) obtains becomes damp, and some agar powders even are sticked together, thoroughly not dry; Due to agar charging water content, up to 98%, and temperature of outgoing air is very large on the dry wet degree impact of final powder; Temperature of outgoing air can not be very high simultaneously, and because temperature of outgoing air is too high, heat can not get reclaiming, and can waste mass energy; In sum, selecting control spraying drying temperature of outgoing air to be 80 ℃ is advisable.The water ratio difference of four groups of experiments not significantly (P>0.05) when as shown in Table 2, temperature of outgoing air is 80 ℃.
As can be seen from Table 2, rising along with the spraying drying inlet temperature, loose density descends, the 5th group of (170 ℃ of inlet temperature, 80 ℃ of temperature of outgoing airs) loose density of experimental group is minimum, than other group significant difference (P<0.05), lower its particle of loose density is just larger, so the sample particle degree maximum after the 5th group of spraying drying.The rising of inlet temperature can produce the particle that loose density is lower, if but temperature be elevated to vaporator rate improved rapidly, thereby make liquid drip expansion, fragmentation or division, will generate intensive fragment and form the particle that loose density is higher.
The 5th group because particle is relatively large, and the rate of dispersion in water is fast, dispersedly with loose density, presents identical trend.The mobility of the size reflection sample at slope of repose, slope of repose is larger, and mobility is poorer; The slope of repose of the 5th group is less, with other, respectively organizes significant difference (P<0.05), and mobility is better.
The dispersiveness of powdered sample, slope of repose and loose density have been reacted anti-caking effect and the mobility of sample.In certain temperature range, along with the anti-caking effect of the raising agar powder of inlet temperature makes moderate progress, inlet temperature is on the mobility of powder and dispersed impact significantly (P<0.05).
In sum, determined the spraying drying parameter: the agar input concentration is about 2%-3%, and feeding temperature is more than 80 ℃, inlet temperature 150-180 ℃, temperature of outgoing air 60-80 ℃.
Each experimental group parameter of table 1 spraying drying
Table 2 spraying drying agar powder properties
Annotate: in same row, alphabetical identical table differential different not remarkable (P>0.05); The different significant differences (P<0.05) that mean of letter
Embodiment 4
1) agar powder is joined in the warm water of 50 ℃, the agar adding proportion is quality 3%;
2) this suspension agitation is even, then join rapidly in clarifixator, the adjusting homogenization pressure is 70Mpa, twice of Matter Transfer;
3) add certain mass water and make the agar-agar soln mass concentration be about 3%, and heating and melting makes agar become liquid state, then send into spray-drying tower, the parameter in the adjustable spraying drying tower: 80 ℃ of feeding temperatures, 170 ℃ of inlet temperature, 80 ℃ of temperature of outgoing airs;
4) sieve, particle diameter is greatly about 60-80 μ m.
The agar that such scheme obtains after measured after modification the gel-strength of agar be 2280g/cm
2, gelation point is that 29.7 ℃, fusing point are that 77.8 ℃, water ratio are 11.4%, solvent temperature is 60-65 ℃.
Embodiment 5
1) agar powder is joined in the warm water of 50 ℃, the agar adding proportion is quality 5%;
2) this suspension agitation is even, then join rapidly in clarifixator, the adjusting homogenization pressure is 65Mpa, twice of Matter Transfer;
3) add certain mass water and make the agar-agar soln mass concentration be about 3%, and heating and melting makes agar become liquid state, then send into spray-drying tower, the parameter in the adjustable spraying drying tower: 80 ℃ of feeding temperatures, 160 ℃ of inlet temperature, 60 ℃ of temperature of outgoing airs;
4) sieve, particle diameter is greatly about 60-80 μ m.
The agar that such scheme obtains after measured after modification the gel-strength of agar be 880g/cm
2, gelation point is that 29.7 ℃, fusing point are that 77.8 ℃, water ratio are 11.4%, solvent temperature is 60-65 ℃.
Embodiment 6
1) agar powder is joined in the warm water of 60 ℃, the agar adding proportion is quality 5%;
2) this suspension agitation is even, then join rapidly in clarifixator, the adjusting homogenization pressure is 100Mpa, twice of Matter Transfer;
3) add certain mass water and make the agar-agar soln mass concentration be about 3%, and heating and melting makes agar become liquid state, then send into spray-drying tower, the parameter in the adjustable spraying drying tower: 80 ℃ of feeding temperatures, 180 ℃ of inlet temperature, 70 ℃ of temperature of outgoing airs;
4) sieve, particle diameter is greatly about 60-80 μ m.
The agar that such scheme obtains after measured after modification the gel-strength of agar be 2150g/cm
2, gelation point is that 29.7 ℃, fusing point are that 77.8 ℃, water ratio are 11.8%,
Embodiment 7
1) agar powder is joined in the warm water of 55 ℃, the agar adding proportion is quality 4%;
2) this suspension agitation is even, then join rapidly in clarifixator, the adjusting homogenization pressure is 60Mpa, twice of Matter Transfer;
3) add certain mass water and make the agar-agar soln mass concentration be about 3%, and heating and melting makes agar become liquid state, then send into spray-drying tower, the parameter in the adjustable spraying drying tower: 80 ℃ of feeding temperatures, 150 ℃ of inlet temperature, 80 ℃ of temperature of outgoing airs;
4) sieve, particle diameter is greatly about 60-80 μ m.
The agar that such scheme obtains after measured after modification the gel-strength of agar be 759.8g/cm
2, gelation point is that 29.7 ℃, fusing point are that 77.8 ℃, water ratio are 12%.
Embodiment 8
1) agar powder is joined in the warm water of 50 ℃, the agar adding proportion is quality 4%;
2) this suspension agitation is even, then join rapidly in clarifixator, the adjusting homogenization pressure is 90Mpa, twice of Matter Transfer;
3) add certain mass water and make the agar-agar soln mass concentration be about 3%, and heating and melting makes agar become liquid state, then send into spray-drying tower, the parameter in the adjustable spraying drying tower: 80 ℃ of feeding temperatures, 160 ℃ of inlet temperature, 80 ℃ of temperature of outgoing airs;
4) sieve, particle diameter is greatly about 60-80 μ m.
The agar that such scheme obtains after measured after modification the gel-strength of agar be 2370.8g/cm
2, gelation point is that 29.7 ℃, fusing point are that 77.8 ℃, water ratio are 11.4%.
Embodiment 9: dissolution in low temperature agar is applied in Yoghourt:
1. the variation of viscosity
To add white sugar and agar after the skimming milk preheating, as can be seen from Figure 2, along with the raising of agar addition in Yoghourt, its viscosity also increases.The viscosity of undressed agar will may be to diminish because the modification agar course of processing makes its particle higher than modification agar, and molecular radical changes, and causes thickening effectiveness slightly to descend.Addition that can be by increasing a little modification agar is to reach the viscosity effect of undressed agar powder.In Yoghourt, add the agar that is about 0.05% can play good thickening effectiveness.
2. the variation of shear resistant
Because the Yoghourt anti-shear ability that adds 0.08% agar is better, so chosen the agar that adds massfraction 0.08%, tested.As can be seen from Figure 3 along with the increase of velocity of shear, the viscosity degradation of Yoghourt, both downtrendings are roughly the same, and anti-shear ability is the same.Agar is very important as its anti-shear ability of thickening material, and after processing, the anti-shear ability of agar changes little.
3. the variation of the whey amount of separating out
Yoghourt can cause the phenomenon of synersis under centrifugal action, and the whey in gel structure is separated.The whey eduction rate of measuring Yoghourt can reflect the water retention capacity of different Yoghourt samples.As the agar of stablizer, in Yoghourt fermentation and later stage storage, its water retention capacity is one of important factor determined Quality of Yoghourt.Along with the increase of agar addition, the whey amount of separating out reduces as can be seen from Figure 4, and agar has the thickening water retention.The water-retentivity of high-pressure homogeneous-spraying drying agar slightly is better than undressed agar powder, and this may be owing to containing more hydroxyl on modification agar molecule, the hydrophilic water retention capacity of agar to be strengthened.In Yoghourt, add appropriate agar to provide good quality for Yoghourt, for the transportation of Yoghourt with preserve the system that provides stable.
The present invention utilizes high-pressure homogeneous-spray drying technology provides particle and the surface texture of homogeneous rule for agar; This technology is easier than other method operation, easily controls; The method of adding other hydrotropy material has more security and practicality; The agar that this technology is produced has the advantages that solvent temperature is low, gel-strength is high.
Claims (10)
1. the preparation method of a dissolution in low temperature agar, is characterized in that, the suspension that agar powder and water are mixed is high-pressure homogeneous
Carry out modification, reheat and make agar become liquid state, finally carry out spraying drying and obtain the dissolution in low temperature agar powder.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step is as follows:
1) agar powder is mixed with water, stir;
2) above-mentioned suspension is joined in clarifixator, regulate homogenization pressure, carry out homogeneous;
3) regulate the agar-agar soln mass concentration, heating and melting makes agar become liquid state, carries out spraying drying;
4) sieve and collect powder-product.
3. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in step 1), the temperature of water is 50 ℃-60 ℃, and agar adds ratio
Example is the 3%-5% of quality.
4. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that step 2) in homogenization pressure be 60-100Mpa.
5. method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, homogenization pressure is 65-90Mpa.
6. method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, homogenization pressure is 70Mpa.
7. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in step 3), the parameter of spray-drying tower is: 80 ℃ of feeding temperatures
Above, inlet temperature 150-180 ℃, temperature of outgoing air 60-80 ℃.
8. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, concrete steps are as follows:
1) agar powder is joined in the warm water of 50 ℃, the agar adding proportion is quality 3%;
2) this suspension agitation is even, then join rapidly in clarifixator, the adjusting homogenization pressure is 70Mpa, twice of Matter Transfer;
3) add certain mass water and make the agar-agar soln mass concentration be about 3%, and heating and melting makes agar become liquid state, then send into spray-drying tower, the parameter in the adjustable spraying drying tower: 80 ℃ of feeding temperatures, 170 ℃ of inlet temperature, 80 ℃ of temperature of outgoing airs;
4) sieve and obtain agar powder.
9. claim 1 prepares the application of agar powder in yoghurt production.
10. state according to Claim 8 method, it is characterized in that, described dissolution in low temperature agar addition in Yoghourt is more than 0.05%.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104970999A (en) * | 2015-06-18 | 2015-10-14 | 江苏奇力康皮肤药业有限公司 | Makeup remover cleansing gel and preparation method thereof |
| CN108264584A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-07-10 | 武汉泰科生物技术有限公司 | A kind of process for purification of low-temperature instant agar |
| CN109929061A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2019-06-25 | 内蒙古蒙牛乳业（集团）股份有限公司 | Agar and preparation method and application |
| CN109965176A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-07-05 | 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 | Agar-agar eats suspending agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN112080017A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-12-15 | 集美大学 | Method for preparing dissolved agar by normal pressure heat treatment |
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| CN1284838A (en) * | 1998-01-08 | 2001-02-21 | 大塚食品株式会社 | Gelled foods and process for producing the same |
| CN102766224A (en) * | 2012-08-06 | 2012-11-07 | 青岛德慧海洋生物科技有限公司 | Production technology of low-temperature instant-dissolving agar |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1284838A (en) * | 1998-01-08 | 2001-02-21 | 大塚食品株式会社 | Gelled foods and process for producing the same |
| CN102766224A (en) * | 2012-08-06 | 2012-11-07 | 青岛德慧海洋生物科技有限公司 | Production technology of low-temperature instant-dissolving agar |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104970999A (en) * | 2015-06-18 | 2015-10-14 | 江苏奇力康皮肤药业有限公司 | Makeup remover cleansing gel and preparation method thereof |
| CN109929061A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2019-06-25 | 内蒙古蒙牛乳业（集团）股份有限公司 | Agar and preparation method and application |
| CN108264584A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-07-10 | 武汉泰科生物技术有限公司 | A kind of process for purification of low-temperature instant agar |
| CN109965176A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-07-05 | 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 | Agar-agar eats suspending agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN109965176B (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2022-09-09 | 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 | Agar edible suspending agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN112080017A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-12-15 | 集美大学 | Method for preparing dissolved agar by normal pressure heat treatment |
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