CN103418918A - Welding method for plasma cutting electrode - Google Patents
Welding method for plasma cutting electrode Download PDFInfo
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- CN103418918A CN103418918A CN2013103714210A CN201310371421A CN103418918A CN 103418918 A CN103418918 A CN 103418918A CN 2013103714210 A CN2013103714210 A CN 2013103714210A CN 201310371421 A CN201310371421 A CN 201310371421A CN 103418918 A CN103418918 A CN 103418918A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a welding method for a plasma cutting electrode. The welding method comprises the following steps of 1, respectively obtaining a section of silver alloy and a section of copper alloy through processing; 2, forming an assembling hole in the axial end face of the copper alloy, arranging a bulge on the axial end face of the silver alloy, and pressing the bulge on the silver alloy into the assembling hole in the copper alloy by an interference pressing match mode, thus fixedly integrating the copper alloy and the silver alloy to obtain a blank for welding; and 3, fixing one end of the blank for welding on a high-energy-beam welding clamp, and performing welding in a welding gap between the copper alloy and the silver alloy by a high-energy-beam welding mode. According to the welding method, the combination firmness after the copper alloy and the silver alloy are welded is high, and the performance of a product is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the plasma electrode technical field, be specifically related to a kind of welding method of plasma cutting electrode.
Background technology
The plasma electrode of copper material in use can produce heat, too much heat can allow electrode consume rapidly, therefore the electrode that uses silver-colored material is being arranged on the market, the electric conductivity of silver is relatively good on the one hand, contact resistance between electrode body and emission metal is lower like this, the reflectivity of silver electrode is higher in addition, can allow unnecessary radiations heat energy reflect away.Can make like this life-span of electrode greatly improve.
But silver-colored material price is very high, cause silver electrode not to be applied on electrode on a large scale.During the actual use of electrode, only have the head heating more, rear portion is because there is interior device for cooling effect, therefore do not need to adopt complete silver-colored structure to remove to solve heating problem, only need to use silver-colored material at electrode head, the copper metal still can be used in rear portion, can realize improving equally the purpose in life-span.Therefore, a kind ofly take copper material as electrode body, the plasma cutting electrode that silver-colored material is electrode head has occurred.As Fig. 1, the plasma electrode of silver 1 appears at present on the market, and its electrode body 2 employing friction welding technologicals with copper material are welded and fixed and are integrated, and technical process is as follows:
Process respectively one section silver alloy and copper alloy
By silver alloy and copper alloy respectively clamping on friction-welding machine, use friction-welding machine that two gold alloy solders are connected together, form the blank of silver head;
Blank is carried out to digital control processing again, thereby obtain plasma cutting electrode.
The structure of the product finally obtained is: form one deck weld layer 3 between silver 1 and electrode body 2, weld layer 3 is comprised of copper alloy layer and ag alloy layer, passes through digital control processing, stays next copper protruding plate 4 in the endoporus of electrode body 2.
Because friction welding (FW) is two kinds of metal opposite spins each other, utilize fricative high heat that two kinds of metals are fixed together, friction welding (FW) requires high to metal surface, high to linearity and the central alignment requirement of equipment, and can produce a large amount of overlaps waste materials in welding process.In addition, defect due to the technique of friction welding (FW) own, product has certain disqualification rate, the joint of two kinds of metals there will be certain rosin joint rate in radial direction, and plasma electrode in use has strict seal request (can process an axial hole on the electrode body 2 of copper material, in electrode when work, carry out cooling to passing into cooling water in this hole to electrode), rosin joint can cause cooling water leakage even electrode head come off, cause that short circuit even burns the serious consequence of rifle.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides a kind of copper alloy and rear welding method in conjunction with the plasma cutting electrode that firmly degree is high of silver alloy welding of making.
The scheme solved the problems of the technologies described above is as follows:
The welding method of plasma cutting electrode comprises the following steps:
Adopted such scheme, a pilot hole is set on the axial end of copper alloy, a projection is set on the axial end of silver alloy, the mode that the projection of silver alloy is press-fitted by interference is pressed in the pilot hole of copper alloy, copper alloy and silver alloy are fixed as one and obtain the welding blank, by such mode, not only copper alloy and silver alloy have been carried out to pre-determined bit, prevent from can not producing and coming off in welding process, and copper alloy and silver alloy axially on same straight line after assembling, and copper alloy and silver alloy are together to rotate in welding process, copper alloy and silver alloy radially not there will be dislocation, guarantee the quality that both weld.Weldering gap by the high energy beam welding mode between copper alloy and silver alloy is welded, high energy beam welding is with high-energy particle bombardment silver alloy and copper alloy contact site, make two kinds of metal moments enter molten condition, make the depth of weld of two kinds of metals reach 5.5-6mm, weld width 1-1.25mm, weld two kinds of metals interpenetrate to the other side knit group, cooling latter two metal is in conjunction with closely, and can carry out subsequent technology processing.The produced electrode of such processing mode, the relatively complete silver-colored material electrode drop of cost is much lower and can reach life-span of full silver electrode.And high energy beam welding is low for equipment requirements with respect to friction welding, material surface fineness requires low, low less than strict demand and cost to raw-material alloying component, can realize equally the tight connection of yellow gold.Because the high energy beam weldering is to adopt high energy electron bombardment material that its moment is melted, reach the purpose connected between metal, therefore can there do not is problem of faulty soldering, and not have overlap.Use the first-class ion cutting electrode of silver of high energy beam welding processing, ideal in the reality test, concrete test is: in the 260A large power test, test result is 800 of perforation, 4000 meters of Cutting Lengths; The electrode test data of friction welding, for 300 of perforation, are cut 1000 meters left and right.
Further, in described step 3, high energy beam welding is comprised of following steps:
Adjust high energy beam rifle focal position to position while welding, close high energy beam welding machine welding chamber;
Welding chamber to the high energy beam welding machine vacuumizes, and vacuum is 7 * 10
-2-6Pa;
The voltage that high energy beam welding adopts is 45-55KV, and welding is 65-85RPM with the rotating speed of blank.
The product that obtains of welding under this process conditions, because high energy beam welding can run through whole solder side, become the yellow gold zone two kinds of intermetallics are capable, thereby not there will be rosin joint, and overlap makes both in conjunction with closely.
Further, after step 3 completes, also continue following steps:
Step 5, in the first hole on silver alloy, put into brazing material and hafnium particle successively;
Step 6, put into vacuum drying oven and vacuumize, and is heated to brazing material and melts, and brazing material melts connects as one hafnium particle and silver alloy, then be incubated and cooling.Adopt brazing mode that hafnium particle and silver alloy are fixed as one, not only make the hafnium particle be combined closely with silver alloy, and weld seam can be filled to the complete rosin joint that not there will be, cross weldering.
Further, the external diameter of hafnium particle and the first aperture, hole differ 0.02-0.3mm.By such aperture difference, soldering is leaned on is the capillarity after brazing material melts, and aperture is too little not to be flow out, and between too large hafnium particle and hole, just can not form capillarity, causes filling out and is discontented with and rosin joint.In this scope, brazing material flows, and weld seam can be filled to the complete rosin joint that not there will be, and crosses weldering.
Further, brazing material diameter and the first aperture, hole differ 0.2-0.8mm.In the calculating of brazing material, need to consider following some: 1, need to consider the limiting volume difference of hafnium particle and copper body opening.2, need consider the cross flow quantity after the fusing of silver solder at a certain temperature.3, need to consider the loss of silver solder under high temperature and vacuum state.4, need to consider in the appearance of weld process that silver solder is respectively at the corrosion volume of copper body and hafnium particle.Too much with very few, all can affect properties of product.The brazing material volume can calculate in accordance with the following methods:
In above formula, π is pi, the internal diameter that D is the first hole cylindrical hole section, the height that h is the first hole cylindrical hole section, the diameter that d is the hafnium particle, d
1Be the internal diameter of the first hole circle taper hole section, h
1It is the height of the first hole circle taper hole section.
Further, in described step (6), described vacuum is 1 * 10
-2-8 * 10
-3Pa, the temperature that brazing material melts is 700-800 ℃, temperature retention time is 30-45 minute.This process conditions can make soldering connect material fusing, thus by the hafnium particle be fixed in the first hole, can make again silver alloy not be melted, guarantee its metallicity.
Further, after step 3 completes, also continue following steps:
Step 5, the mode by the hafnium particle with interference fit press fit in the first hole on silver alloy.The mode that employing press-fits is assembled the hafnium particle, has the characteristics of simple and fast.
In sum, the electrode obtained by method of the present invention, due to copper alloy and silver alloy junction not only closely but also firmly, the very large raising that has for sealing, passing into cooling water when electrode is worked in this copper alloy endoporus carries out when cooling electrode, can not cause cooling water leakage, electrode head can not come off yet.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
The structural representation that Fig. 1 is braze welding type plasma electrode of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is for adopting the resulting plasma cutting electrode of the inventive method;
1 is silver alloy, and 2 is copper alloy, and 3 is the hafnium particle, and 4 is boss, and 5 is the first hole, and 6 is Cooling Holes, and 7 is weld seam.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment one:
The welding method of plasma cutting electrode comprises the following steps:
Adjust high energy beam rifle focal position to position while welding, close high energy beam welding machine welding chamber;
Welding chamber to the high energy beam welding machine vacuumizes, and vacuum is 7 * 10
-2Pa;
The voltage that high energy beam welding adopts is 45KV, and welding is 65RPM with the rotating speed of blank.
Step 5, in the first hole on silver alloy, put into brazing material and hafnium particle successively; Brazing material diameter and the first aperture, hole differ 0.2mm.The external diameter of hafnium particle and the first aperture, hole differ 0.02mm.
Step 6, put into vacuum drying oven and vacuumize, and is heated to brazing material and melts, and brazing material melts connects as one hafnium particle and silver alloy, then be incubated and cooling.Described vacuum is 8 * 10
-3Pa, the temperature that brazing material melts is 700 ℃, temperature retention time is 45 minutes.
Embodiment two:
The welding method of plasma cutting electrode comprises the following steps:
Adjust high energy beam rifle focal position to position while welding, close high energy beam welding machine welding chamber;
Welding chamber to the high energy beam welding machine vacuumizes, and vacuum is 2Pa;
The voltage that high energy beam welding adopts is 50KV, and welding is 75RPM with the rotating speed of blank.
Step 5, in the first hole on silver alloy, put into brazing material and hafnium particle successively; The external diameter of hafnium particle and the first aperture, hole differ 0.07mm.Brazing material diameter and the first aperture, hole differ 0.5mm.
Step 6, put into vacuum drying oven and vacuumize, and is heated to brazing material and melts, and brazing material melts connects as one hafnium particle and silver alloy, then be incubated and cooling.In step (6), described vacuum is 0.9 * 10
-2Pa, the temperature that brazing material melts is 750 ℃, temperature retention time is 35 minutes.
Embodiment three:
The welding method of plasma cutting electrode comprises the following steps:
In described step 3, high energy beam welding is comprised of following steps:
Adjust high energy beam rifle focal position to position while welding, close high energy beam welding machine welding chamber;
Welding chamber to the high energy beam welding machine vacuumizes, and vacuum is 6Pa;
The voltage that high energy beam welding adopts is 55KV, and welding is 85RPM with the rotating speed of blank.
Step 5, in the first hole on silver alloy, put into brazing material and hafnium particle successively; The external diameter of hafnium particle and the first aperture, hole differ 0.3mm.Brazing material diameter and the first aperture, hole differ 0.8mm.
Step 6, put into vacuum drying oven and vacuumize, and is heated to brazing material and melts, and brazing material melts connects as one hafnium particle and silver alloy, then be incubated and cooling.In step 6, described vacuum is 1 * 10
-2, the temperature that brazing material melts is 800 ℃, temperature retention time is 30 minutes.
To above-mentioned several embodiment, the assembling mode of hafnium particle and silver alloy also can adopt following press-fit approach:
Be after step 3 completes, also continue following steps:
Step 5, the mode by the hafnium particle with interference fit press fit in the first hole on silver alloy.
With reference to Fig. 2, be that it is comprised of silver alloy 1, copper alloy 2 and hafnium particle 3 through the made plasma cutting electrode of above-mentioned embodiment, at the axial end of silver alloy 1, a boss 4 is set.Copper alloy 2 is after welding with silver alloy 1, the other end at silver alloy 1 obtains first hole 5 by the processing of numerical control system on end face, this pilot hole 5 extends to boss 4, hafnium particle 3 is press-fitted with interference or brazing mode is fixed in the first hole 5, copper alloy 2 is before welding with silver alloy 1, a pilot hole is set on its axial end, boss 4 is inserted in this pilot hole and in the interference mode and is press-fitted, after the axial end of silver alloy 1 and the axial end of copper alloy are fixed as one by high energy beam welding, by digital control processing, the axial direction of copper alloy processes a Cooling Holes 6, after this Cooling Holes processing, the part that copper alloy surrounds boss 4 has not existed.Copper alloy 2 is after passing through high energy beam welding with silver alloy 1, and the depth of weld reaches 5.5-6mm, and weld width 7 is 1-1.25mm.
Claims (7)
1. the welding method of plasma cutting electrode comprises the following steps:
Step 1, obtain respectively one section silver alloy and copper alloy by processing;
Step 2, a pilot hole is set on the axial end of copper alloy, a projection is set on the axial end of silver alloy, and the mode that the projection of silver alloy is press-fitted by interference is pressed in the pilot hole of copper alloy, copper alloy and silver alloy is fixed as one and obtains the welding blank;
Step 3, be fixed on welding on high energy beam welding jig with an end of blank, and the weldering gap by the high energy beam welding mode between copper alloy and silver alloy is welded.
2. the welding method of plasma cutting electrode according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step 3, high energy beam welding is comprised of following steps:
Adjust high energy beam rifle focal position to position while welding, close high energy beam welding machine welding chamber;
Welding chamber to the high energy beam welding machine vacuumizes, and vacuum is 7 * 10
-2-6Pa;
The voltage that high energy beam welding adopts is 45-55KV, and welding is 65-85RPM with the rotating speed of blank.
3. the welding method of plasma cutting electrode according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: after step 3 completes, also continue following steps:
Step 4, first hole of processing on the axial end of the silver alloy after welding;
Step 5, in the first hole on silver alloy, put into brazing material and hafnium particle successively;
Step 6, put into vacuum drying oven and vacuumize, and is heated to brazing material and melts, and brazing material melts connects as one hafnium particle and silver alloy, then be incubated and cooling.
4. the welding method of plasma cutting electrode according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the external diameter of hafnium particle and the first aperture, hole differ 0.02-0.3mm.
5. the welding method of plasma cutting electrode according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: brazing material diameter and the first aperture, hole differ 0.2-0.8mm.
6. the welding method of plasma cutting electrode according to claim 3, in described step (6), described vacuum is 1 * 10
-2-8 * 10
-3Pa, the temperature that brazing material melts is 700-800 ℃, temperature retention time is 30-45 minute.
7. the welding method of plasma cutting electrode according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: after step 3 completes, also continue following steps:
Step 4, first hole of processing on the axial end of the silver alloy after welding;
Step 5, the mode by the hafnium particle with interference fit press fit in the first hole on silver alloy.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310371421.0A CN103418918B (en) | 2013-08-22 | 2013-08-22 | Welding method for plasma cutting electrode |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310371421.0A CN103418918B (en) | 2013-08-22 | 2013-08-22 | Welding method for plasma cutting electrode |
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| CN103418918B CN103418918B (en) | 2015-05-13 |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6114650A (en) * | 1998-08-12 | 2000-09-05 | The Esab Group, Inc. | Electrode for plasma arc torch and method of making same |
| US6177647B1 (en) * | 1999-04-29 | 2001-01-23 | Tatras, Inc. | Electrode for plasma arc torch and method of fabrication |
| US20020125224A1 (en) * | 2001-03-09 | 2002-09-12 | Cook David J. | Composite electrode for a plasma arc torch |
| CN102139404A (en) * | 2011-02-22 | 2011-08-03 | 和懋(上海)金属科技有限公司 | Electrode tip for plasma cutting machine |
| CN201940736U (en) * | 2011-03-03 | 2011-08-24 | 常州特尔玛机电实业有限公司 | Sliver head plasma cutting electrode |
| CN201970005U (en) * | 2011-02-22 | 2011-09-14 | 和懋(上海)金属科技有限公司 | Electrode tip used for plasma cutting machine |
-
2013
- 2013-08-22 CN CN201310371421.0A patent/CN103418918B/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6114650A (en) * | 1998-08-12 | 2000-09-05 | The Esab Group, Inc. | Electrode for plasma arc torch and method of making same |
| US6177647B1 (en) * | 1999-04-29 | 2001-01-23 | Tatras, Inc. | Electrode for plasma arc torch and method of fabrication |
| US20020125224A1 (en) * | 2001-03-09 | 2002-09-12 | Cook David J. | Composite electrode for a plasma arc torch |
| CN102139404A (en) * | 2011-02-22 | 2011-08-03 | 和懋(上海)金属科技有限公司 | Electrode tip for plasma cutting machine |
| CN201970005U (en) * | 2011-02-22 | 2011-09-14 | 和懋(上海)金属科技有限公司 | Electrode tip used for plasma cutting machine |
| CN201940736U (en) * | 2011-03-03 | 2011-08-24 | 常州特尔玛机电实业有限公司 | Sliver head plasma cutting electrode |
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