CN103414517B - A kind of optical signal rate recognition methods and system - Google Patents

A kind of optical signal rate recognition methods and system Download PDF

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CN103414517B
CN103414517B CN201310308540.1A CN201310308540A CN103414517B CN 103414517 B CN103414517 B CN 103414517B CN 201310308540 A CN201310308540 A CN 201310308540A CN 103414517 B CN103414517 B CN 103414517B
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nptf
optical signal
tdc
power
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CN103414517A (en
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崔晟
邱晨
柯昌剑
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of optical signal rate recognition methods and the system of fiber optic communication field, including: after Tunable Dispersion Compensator TDC optical signal to be identified to input rate applies certain dispersion values, output optical signal injects non-linear power transfer function NPTF generation module after image intensifer amplifies, and NPTF generation module output end signal mean power measured by light power meter;Control and digital signal processing module drives described TDC to work in step-scan mode, and sweep limits and step-length are zoomed in and out to record at equal pace under a series of different zoom ratio in TDC scanning process NPTF output signal mean power with the change curve of dispersion, and it is mated with the dispersion values-average power signal sample curve of the signal that speed is B, obtaining the scaling R that matching degree is the highest, the speed of signal the most to be identified isThe present invention works without any prior information, it is adaptable to various modulation formats and the signal of speed, has simple in construction, the advantage that cost performance is high.

Description

A kind of optical signal rate recognition methods and system
Technical field
The present invention relates to fiber optic communication, All-optical signal and digital signal processing technique field.
Background technology
Along with improving constantly traffic capacity demands, past 20 years, optical fiber telecommunications system was rapidly sent out Exhibition.Along with the appearance of broadband data services, such as video request program, IPTV, multimedia is believed Breath service, game on line etc., this needs constantly upgrading existing fiber communication network, to support that these are high Transfer rate is applied.On the other hand, service supplier be also required to retain some existing low speed voice and Data, services.Therefore, optical fiber telecommunications system needs the optical signal supporting multiple speed to transmit simultaneously, with Meet the demand of different user.In this heterogeneous network, network is managed, optimizes, to light Detection and the reception of signal are the most increasingly complex.Signal rate accurately estimate for network timing synchronization, The search of Modulation Mode Recognition, signal specific and receiver demodulation all have important meaning.Should in military affairs Also it is the key issue in electronic communication antagonism and signal interception with the identification of field signal rate.
The method of the rate identification proposed at present mainly has Clock Extraction, filtering sampling, spectrum analysis and divides Frequency meter number etc..Clock Extraction is that the optical signal to different-format is for conversion into the base band letter of electricity through optical electrical Number, owing to the speed of signal is different, so their clock is the most different. according to this feature, They are carried out Clock Extraction to measure signal rate.The advantage using Clock Extraction scheme is that function is complete Face, effective, the clock extracted can be as a part for following receiver.Make suitable extension, The optical electrical modular converter of a multi tate can be made.But it is due to Clock Extraction chip, the highest The Clock Extraction chip price of speed is expensive, and the most this scheme cost is the highest, for the letter of two-forty Number there is also electronic bottleneck to limit.In addition, to can lock according to clock and judge, and want Wheel brings judgement, recognition speed and discrimination one by one is not highly desirable.Filtering sampling is by transmission Optical signal is electricity baseband signal through optical electrical shift conversion, the power spectrum of the baseband signal of different rates Differ, signal rate can be identified by the power spectrum of filter scan baseband signal.This The method of kind is easily adjudicated, but high frequency filter is difficult to make and control, and is easily disturbed by outside noise. Additionally due to the speed of optical signal typically can reach more than 40Gb/s, the bandwidth requirement to Sampling device The highest, therefore it is difficult to realize.Spectra methods is to flashlight by high-resolution spectrogrph Clock spectral line or the spectrum width of spectrum measure, to differentiate the speed of signal.This method is to spectrogrph Resolution requirement is relatively strong, and this type of high resolution spectrometer price is sufficiently expensive, and volume is bigger.In addition The method is for the speed of some signal (such as quadrature amplitude modulation QAM signal) without clock spectral line Rate identification difficulty.Frequency division counter is within the regular hour, counts the signal of different rates Number, the count value of gained is different, thus can identify different signal rates easily.Frequency dividing meter Number scheme low cost, recognition speed are fast, and the probability of erroneous judgement is the lowest.But, for higher than Gb/s The enumerator of speed be relatively difficult to realize, need generally signal at a high speed first to be divided into low speed signal Count the most again, it is achieved get up complex.
Need exploitation a kind of without any prior information, to optical signal modulation form for solving the problems referred to above Unconfined with speed, it is not necessary to expensive high speed optoelectronic device or accurate spectrum analysis equipment, simple in construction, The optical signal rate recognition methods that cost performance is high.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to propose a kind of optical signal rate recognition methods and system, should Method should be unrestricted to format modulation signal and speed without any prior information, it is not necessary to expensive height Speed photoelectric device or accurate spectrum analysis equipment, have simple in construction, the advantage that cost performance is high.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention proposes a kind of optical signal rate recognition methods, and its feature exists In, relate to Tunable Dispersion Compensator TDC, image intensifer OA, input optical filter, non-linear merit There is module, light power meter PM and control and Digital Signal Processing in rate transfer function NPTF Ctr-DSP.Owing to Talbot effect can cause signal pulse peak power to present the cycle with CD change Property change, square being inversely proportional to of Cycle Length and signal rate.After described NPTF, its peak work Rate change is exaggerated and is mapped in the mean power change of unused light, thus can pass through described PM Measure and obtain the peak power change curve CD-Power with dispersion.Owing to Talbot effect is the most synchronized But the CD-Power curve shape of rate signal is identical can occur telescopic variation in x coordinate direction, stretch Square being inversely proportional to of contracting ratio and signal rate.The recognition methods that when being embodied as, the present invention proposes includes Following steps:
Optical signal to be measured initially enters TDC, TDC and works in step-scan mode, executes signal Adding the CD value of certain intervals in certain limit, its output optical signal is after OA is amplified to certain power Inject NPTF and module occurs;
Described NPTF occurs module to produce the average power signal under certain C D value, and described PM surveys There is module output end signal mean power in amount NPTF;
TDC described in described Ctr-DSP module drive works in step-scan mode, and to scanning model Enclose with step-length that to zoom in and out to record TDC under a series of different zoom ratio at equal pace scanned In journey, NPTF output signal mean power is with the change curve of dispersion, and with speed is the letter of B by it Number CD-Power curve sample mate, obtain the scaling R(R > 1 that matching degree is the highest Representing and amplify, R < 1 represents and reduces), the speed of signal the most to be identified is
The described CD-Power curve sample that CD-Power is surveyed array and corresponding modulating format signal Originally the algorithm carrying out mating includes cross correlation algorithm, feature recognition algorithms, maximum likelihood algorithm or nerve Network algorithm.
The present invention also proposes the system of a kind of optical signal modulation format identification method, it is characterised in that bag Including, Tunable Dispersion Compensator TDC, image intensifer OA, input optical filter, non-linear power passes There is module, light power meter PM and control and Digital Signal Processing Ctr-DSP in defeated function NPTF;
Described TDC, is used for receiving optical signal to be identified, and optical signal to be identified is applied certain C D Value, its output optical signal enters described OA,
Described OA, is used for amplifying optical signal to certain power, then optical signal injects described NPTF There is module;
There is module in described NPTF, for by big for input signal pulse peak power under certain C D value Little it is mapped on output signal mean power size;
, there is the average power signal of module outfan for measuring NPTF in described PM;
TDC described in described Ctr-DSP module drive works in step-scan mode, and to scanning model Enclose with step-length that to zoom in and out to record TDC under a series of different zoom ratio at equal pace scanned In journey, NPTF output signal mean power is with the change curve of dispersion, and with speed is the letter of B by it Number dispersion values-average power signal sample curve mate, obtain the scaling that matching degree is the highest R, the speed of signal the most to be identified is
As preferably, NPTF occurs the working mechanism of module based on the four-wave mixing in nonlinear dielectric (FWM) effect, now, NPTF occurs module to include semiconductor laser LD, photo-coupler OC, nonlinear dielectric and output optical filter OF.Described TDC output frequency is ωsOptical signal, After OA amplifies, producing frequency with described LD is ωpContinuous probe light close after ripple through described OC Injecting described nonlinear dielectric, there is four-wave mixing in detection light and flashlight in described nonlinear dielectric FWM effect, it is ω that this effect causes energy to be transferred to newly generated frequency by flashlighti=2ωsp's Unused light;Described unused light is leached by described OF, output to described PM.
Described nonlinear dielectric is highly nonlinear optical fiber HNLF or photonic crystal fiber or III-V chemical combination Object wave is led or silica-based waveguides.
Preferred as another, NPTF occurs the working mechanism of module to be also based on semiconductor light detection Two-photon absorption (TPA) effect in device.Now, NPTF occurs module to include having TPA effect The photo-detector TPA-PD answered and driving and control circuit thereof form, and described TDC exports optical signal Amplify injection described TPA-PD, described TPA-PD through described OA and output signals to described PM.
As another preferred, it is also possible to the working mechanism structure of reflection characteristic based on nonlinear fiber loop mirror Make NPTF and module occurs, i.e. NPTF occurs module by nonlinear fiber loop mirror and to be used for controlling letter The Polarization Controller composition of number polarization direction, described TDC output optical signal amplifies note through described OA Entering described optic fibre environment input port, the output port of described optic fibre environment connects the input of described PM End.
Described TDC device is based on fiber grating, GT etalon, liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) or Other can produce the device of a series of certain intervals CD value.
The present invention works without any prior information, it is adaptable to various modulation formats and the signal of speed, There is simple in construction, the advantage that cost performance is high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
With detailed description of the invention, technical scheme is made the most below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings Bright.
Fig. 1 is the rate identification system structure schematic diagram that the present invention is embodied as.
Fig. 2 is NPTF input-output wave shape schematic diagram.As seen from the figure, for peak value of pulse merit The gain that input signal NPTF that rate is higher gives it is relatively big, and therefore the mean power of output signal is relatively High.So input signal pulse peak power size can be mapped to the average merit of output signal by NPTF On rate size.
The NPTF obtained based on FWM that Fig. 3 is.Input signal light peak power exists Time between 18dBm-26dBm, it is logarithmic coordinates system that the slope of NPTF reaches 4.6(), it is 4.6 Power function, effectively can amplify the change of input signal peak value of pulse and be mapped to NPTF output signal On mean power change.
Fig. 4--Fig. 6 gives the telescopic variation with speed of the CD-Power curve to 66%RZ signal Situation, using as description example.Three kinds of speed are respectively 10GBaud, 28GBaud and 40GBaud (ratio is 0.25:0.7:1), CD-Power curve ranges is respectively ± 5120, ± 640 and ± 320ps/nm, Scaling is 16:2:1 ≈ (0.25)-2:(0.7)-2:1-2, it can be seen that curve telescopic variation just with letter Square being inversely proportional to of number speed.
Detailed description of the invention
Full rate identification system as shown in Figure 1 includes: 1 Tunable Dispersion Compensator (TDC), 2 Image intensifer (OA), 3 input optical filters, 4 non-linear power transfer functions (NPTF) are sent out Raw module, 5 light power meters (PM) and 6 control and Digital Signal Processing (Ctr-DSP) module. Optical signal to be measured initially enters TDC, TDC and applies certain dispersion values to inputting optical signal to be identified Rear output optical signal injects non-linear power transfer function NPTF after image intensifer amplifies and mould occurs Block, light power meter is measured NPTF and module output end signal mean power is occurred;Control and digital signal Processing module drives described TDC to work in step-scan mode, and presses same to sweep limits and step-length It is defeated that one ratio zooms in and out to record under a series of different zoom ratio NPTF in TDC scanning process Go out the average power signal change curve with dispersion, and by the dispersion values of signal that itself and speed are B- Average power signal sample curve is mated, and obtains the scaling R that matching degree is the highest, then wait to know The speed of level signal is
The working mechanism of NPTF generation module can also be based on the four-wave mixing in nonlinear dielectric (FWM) effect, nonlinear dielectric can use highly nonlinear optical fiber (HNLF), as photon is brilliant Body optical fiber, III-V compound waveguide or silica-based waveguides.Now NPTF occurs module to be swashed by quasiconductor Light device (LD), photo-coupler (OC), highly nonlinear optical fiber (HNLF) and output light filtering Device (OF) forms.(frequency is ω to TDC output optical signals) through OA amplify after and described LD (frequency is ω to the continuous probe light producedp) after described OC closes ripple, inject described HNLF, detection There is four-wave mixing (FWM) effect in light and flashlight in described HNLF, this effect causes energy Amount is transferred to newly generated unused light by flashlight, and (frequency is ωi=2ωsp).The instantaneous merit of unused light Rate is the exponential type function of flashlight instantaneous power, and constitutes so-called " non-linear power transmission between the two Function " (NPTF), the signal that input pulse peak power is higher is given bigger by this NPTF Gain, on the contrary the least, therefore can be by input signal pulse peak power with the variation characteristic of CD Amplify and be mapped to output unused smooth mean power with the variation characteristic of CD on.Unused light is by described OF leaches, and measures its mean power size with described PM.There is the working machine of module in NPTF Two-photon absorption (TPA) effect that reason is also based in semiconductor photodetector, now NPTF It is made up of with control circuit the photo-detector (TPA-PD) and driving thereof with TPA effect, TDC Output optical signal amplifies injection TPA-PD through OA, and measures TPA-PD output letter with described PM Number mean power size.NPTF occurs the working mechanism of module to be also based on nonlinear fiber loop mirror Reflection characteristic, now NPTF occur module by nonlinear fiber loop mirror and for control signal inclined Shake direction Polarization Controller composition, TDC output optical signal through OA amplify injection fibre environment input Port, and measure its optic fibre environment output port average power signal size with described PM.
As Figure 4-Figure 6 for obtain based on NPTF shown in Fig. 3 for 10GBaud, 28GBaud CD-Power curve with the 66%RZ signal of 40GBaud.It can be seen that CD-Power curve has periodically, the CD-Power curve x-axis scaling of different rates with Square being inversely proportional to of speed.
Table 1-3 gives the knowledge of 3 kinds of conventional transfer rates of 9 kinds of modulation format signals as description example Other result, in table, numerical value is the cross-correlation coefficient weighing actual measurement profile with sample curve matching degree. Sample signal speed is B=40GBaud, and sample curve TDC sweep limits and step-length are ± 320ps/nm and 8ps/nm.The highest matching degree (i.e. maximum cross-correlation is depended in the judgement of signal rate Coefficient) corresponding TDC sweep limits and the scaling R of step-length, i.e. judgement speed is equal to Can be seen that nine kinds of all court verdicts of modulation format the most correctly identify signal rate.
Table 1,10GBaud speed nine kinds conventional modulation format signal rate recognition result
Table 2,28GBaud speed nine kinds conventional modulation format signal rate recognition result
Table 3,40GBaud speed nine kinds conventional modulation format signal rate recognition result
The rate identification workflow that this detailed description of the invention is described further below is as follows:
1) optical signal to be measured being inputted TDC device, NPTF occurs module and PM to be activated and in Duty.TDC is controlling and is working in step-scan mode under DSP module driving.
2) TDC output optical signal is amplified into NPTF generation module through OA.
3) module outfan is occurred to use energy meter to measure its output signal mean power at NPTF.
4) control and DSP module drives described TDC to work in step-scan mode, and to scanning model Enclose with step-length that to zoom in and out to record TDC under a series of different zoom ratio at equal pace scanned In journey, NPTF output signal mean power is with the change curve of dispersion, and with speed is the letter of B by it Number dispersion values-average power signal sample curve mate, obtain the scaling that matching degree is the highest R, the speed of signal the most to be identified is
It should be noted last that, above detailed description of the invention is only in order to illustrate technical scheme And unrestricted, although the present invention being described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, this area common It will be appreciated by the skilled person that technical scheme can be modified or equivalent, and Without departing from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should contain the claim model in the present invention In the middle of enclosing.

Claims (8)

1. an optical signal rate recognition methods, it is characterised in that relate to Tunable Dispersion Compensator TDC, Image intensifer OA, inputs optical filter, and non-linear power transfer function NPTF occurs module, light Energy meter PM and control and Digital Signal Processing Ctr-DSP module;Comprise the following steps:
Optical signal to be identified initially enters described TDC, described TDC and signal is applied dispersion CD value, Its output optical signal injects described NPTF after described OA amplifying power and module occurs;
Described NPTF occurs module that the input signal pulse peak power under CD value is changed amplification also Being mapped on the change of output signal mean power, described PM measures described NPTF and occurs module defeated Go out the change of end signal mean power;
TDC described in described Ctr-DSP module drive works in step-scan mode, and to scanning model Enclose with step-length that to zoom in and out to record TDC under a series of different zoom ratio at equal pace scanned In journey, NPTF output signal mean power is with the change curve of dispersion, and with speed is the letter of B by it Number dispersion values--average power signal sample curve is mated, obtain the pantograph ratio that matching degree is the highest Example R, the speed of signal the most to be identified is
Optical signal rate recognition methods the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described general NPTF output signal mean power is with the dispersion values of the signal that change curve and the speed of dispersion are B-- The algorithm that average power signal sample curve carries out mating includes cross correlation algorithm, feature recognition algorithms, Maximum likelihood algorithm or neural network algorithm.
3. the system of the optical signal rate recognition methods described in a claim 1, it is characterised in that Including: Tunable Dispersion Compensator TDC, image intensifer OA, input optical filter, non-linear power There is module, light power meter PM and control and Digital Signal Processing in transfer function NPTF Ctr-DSP;
Described TDC, is used for receiving optical signal to be identified, and optical signal to be identified is applied CD value, Its output optical signal enters described OA,
Described OA, is used for amplifying optical signal power, then optical signal injects described NPTF and occurs Module;
There is module in described NPTF, for by the change of the input signal pulse peak power under CD value Change and amplify and be mapped on output signal mean power size variation;
, there is the average power signal of module outfan for measuring NPTF in described PM;
Described Ctr-DSP module, is used for driving described TDC to work in step-scan mode, and right Sweep limits and step-length zoom in and out to record TDC under a series of different zoom ratio at equal pace In scanning process, NPTF output signal mean power is with the change curve of dispersion, and by it with speed is The dispersion values of the signal of B-average power signal sample curve is mated, and obtains the contracting that matching degree is the highest Putting ratio R, the speed of signal the most to be identified is
The system of optical signal rate recognition methods the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that Described NPTF occurs module to include semiconductor laser LD, photo-coupler OC, nonlinear dielectric With output optical filter OF;
Described TDC output frequency is ωsOptical signal, through OA amplify after, with described LD produce frequency Rate is ωpContinuous probe light close through described OC and inject described nonlinear dielectric after ripple, detection light and letter There is four-wave mixing FWM effect in number light in described nonlinear dielectric, this effect causes energy by believing It is ω that number light is transferred to newly generated frequencyi=2 ωspUnused light;Described unused light is filtered by described OF Go out, output to described PM.
The system of optical signal rate recognition methods the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that Described nonlinear dielectric is highly nonlinear optical fiber HNLF or photonic crystal fiber or III-V compound Waveguide or silica-based waveguides.
The system of optical signal rate recognition methods the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that Described NPTF there is photo-detector TPA-PD that module includes having TPA effect and drive and Control circuit forms, and described TDC output optical signal amplifies the described TPA-PD of injection through described OA, Described TPA-PD outputs signals to described PM.
The system of optical signal rate recognition methods the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that Described NPTF occurs module by nonlinear fiber loop mirror and the polarization for control signal polarization direction Controller forms, and described TDC output optical signal amplifies injection fibre environment input through described OA Mouthful, the output port of described optic fibre environment connects the input of described PM.
The system of optical signal rate recognition methods the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that Described TDC device is based on fiber grating, GT etalon, liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) or other The one in the device of a series of intervals CD value can be produced.
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CN103944638B (en) * 2014-04-18 2017-02-01 华中科技大学 Optical signal modulation format recognition method and system based on nonlinear digital processing
CN105515666B (en) * 2015-12-04 2018-06-19 华中科技大学 A kind of optical signal chip rate recognition methods and system

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