CN103413906B - A kind of high liquid-absorbing and oxidative resistance zinc-silver oxide cell barrier film and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of high liquid-absorbing and oxidative resistance zinc-silver oxide cell barrier film and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103413906B CN103413906B CN201310302763.7A CN201310302763A CN103413906B CN 103413906 B CN103413906 B CN 103413906B CN 201310302763 A CN201310302763 A CN 201310302763A CN 103413906 B CN103413906 B CN 103413906B
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- inorganic particulate
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The present invention relates to the alkaline battery separator preparation fields such as zinc-silver, particularly one has high liquid-absorbing and oxidative resistance zinc-silver oxide cell composite diaphragm and preparation method thereof.Barrier film comprises high-molecular organic material and is scattered in inorganic particulate wherein, prepares composite diaphragm by the mixed slurry of inorganic particulate and high-molecular organic material by film-forming process.High-molecular organic material provides pliability and the resistance silver of barrier film, and hydrophilic inorganic material gives barrier film high pick up, strong oxidative resistance and alkali corrosion resistance; Meanwhile, inorganic particulate ensures the stability of diaphragm size.Inorganic particulate and high-molecular organic material are mixed in a solvent, obtains composite diaphragm through curtain coating or the technique such as knifing and drying.The present invention is by inorganic material and traditional high-molecular organic material compound, and the advantage of comprehensive bi-material, overcomes the shortcoming of traditional zinc-silver oxide cell barrier film, have the features such as filming technology is simple, cost is low, and barrier film combination property is superior, and easily extensive large scale is produced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the alkaline battery separator preparation fields such as zinc-silver, particularly one has high liquid-absorbing and oxidative resistance zinc-silver oxide cell composite diaphragm and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
The development of zinc-silver oxide cell started from for 19th century, due to its have high-energy-density, high-specific-power, voltage stabilization, continuously safe to use, unfailing performance good, advantages of environment protection, be widely used on the military equipment of the particular/special requirements such as guided missile, carrier rocket, torpedo, retrievable satellite, in civilian, news photography, telephotography, portable communications machine, walkie-talkie etc. also widely use zinc-silver oxide cell, make the miniature zinc-silver oxide cell of button and can be applicable to electronic watch, hearing aids, computer and cardiac pacemaker etc.
Zinc-silver cell is made up of pole plate group, shell monomer, monomer lid, pole, vent plug etc. several, and pole plate group comprises positive plate, negative plate and barrier film three part, and the performance of whole battery is determined by above-mentioned three kinds of materials, and its septation has separation positive and negative electrode, is K
+ion and OH
-ion diffuse provides the effect of passage, also needs the diffusion stoping Sol silver oxide to negative pole simultaneously.Therefore, membrane properties has a strong impact on electric property and the security performance of zinc-silver oxide cell.
Having good resistance silver performance, low resistance and higher-strength based on the barrier film of the materials such as cellulose, modified cellulose, modified polyvinylalcohol, is the material of current zinc-silver oxide cell barrier film extensive use.But, above-mentioned material belongs to organic polymer class material, attribute own causes that it is high temperature resistant, alkali corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance poor, strand oxidative degradation can be there is in battery environment for use, structure is destroyed and is lost isolation features, causes the accidents such as battery short circuit.For solving the problems referred to above of battery diaphragm, improve its anti-oxidant and resistance to corrosion, researcher has carried out a large amount of explorations.Organic-inorganic materials hybrid is one of effective ways improving zinc-silver oxide cell membrane properties, has that cellulose acetate mixes with ultra-fine inorganic oxide powder by researcher, casting film-forming, obtains resistance to oxidation and the good battery diaphragm of corrosion resistance.But ultra-fine inorganic oxide is easily reunited in high viscosity cellulose acetate solution, the homogeneity of the prepared barrier film of impact, and the absorbency of the inorganic oxide added also has much room for improvement.
Therefore, the research meeting the zinc-silver oxide cell barrier film of actual requirement is shouldered heavy responsibilities, and needs to carry out more deep research from the aspect such as material of preparing and technique.
Summary of the invention
One is the object of the present invention is to provide to have high liquid-absorbing and strong oxidative resistance zinc-silver oxide cell composite diaphragm and preparation method thereof, with battery diaphragm prepared by the method, there is the advantages such as electrolyte wetability is good, alkali corrosion resistance, oxidative resistance are strong, effectively can improve charge-discharge performance and the useful life of zinc-silver oxide cell, the strict demand of high-performance zinc-silver oxide cell to barrier film can be met.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of high liquid-absorbing and oxidative resistance zinc-silver oxide cell barrier film, barrier film comprises high-molecular organic material and is scattered in inorganic particulate wherein, prepares composite diaphragm by the mixed slurry of inorganic particulate and high-molecular organic material by film-forming process;
The ceramic-like materials that described inorganic particulate is good hydrophilic property, alkali resistance is high, described high-molecular organic material is the material that oxidative resistance and alkali resistance are higher.
Described inorganic particulate and the mixed slurry of high-molecular organic material are made up of the raw material of following mass parts: 1000 ~ 10000 mass parts solvents, 10 ~ 200 mass parts high-molecular organic materials, 1 ~ 50 mass parts inorganic particulate, 3 ~ 200 mass parts additives.Preferably, mixed slurry is made up of the raw material of following mass parts: 2000 ~ 5000 mass parts solvents, 50 ~ 100 mass parts high-molecular organic materials, 5 ~ 20 mass parts inorganic particulates, 10 ~ 800 mass parts additives.
The solvent of described mixed slurry is one or more arbitrary proportion mixtures of acetone, dimethyl formamide, 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE;
The additive of described mixed slurry is one or more arbitrary proportion mixtures of water, methyl alcohol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, cyclohexane, oxolane;
The inorganic particulate of described mixed slurry is one or more arbitrary proportion mixtures in micropore, mesopore or macropore class zeolite particles, alundum (Al2O3), silicon dioxide, zirconia, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide, its even particle size distribution, scope is 0.04 ~ 5.0 μm;
The high-molecular organic material of described mixed slurry is one or more arbitrary proportion mixtures in cellulose acetate, methyl hydroxyethylcellulose, ethylhydroxyethylcellulose, methylhydroxypropylcellulose.
The solid content of described mixed slurry is 3wt% ~ 50wt%, wherein the mass ratio 20:1 ~ 1:3 of high-molecular organic material and inorganic particulate.
The preparation method of described high liquid-absorbing and oxidative resistance zinc-silver oxide cell barrier film, comprises the mixed slurry preparation of the surface modification of inorganic particulate, inorganic particulate and high-molecular organic material, slurry film forming, drying, pressing process.
The surface modification of described inorganic particulate is for carry out surface treatment through silane coupler, and silane coupler comprises one or more arbitrary proportion mixtures of vinyl silanes, amino silane, methacryloxypropyl silane, 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxy silane.
The mixed slurry preparation of described inorganic particulate and high-molecular organic material, solvent, high-molecular organic material, inorganic particulate and additive are mixed, the hybrid mode of slurry adopts one or more cooperations in mechanical agitation, ball grinding stirring and ultrasound treatment patterns.
Described slurry film-forming process adopts spray embrane method, scrape in embrane method, the tape casting, rolling method one or more share.
Described mixed slurry needs through vacuum defoamation process before film forming.
After described mixed slurry film forming, drying, also comprise pressing process, with 10N/cm at 50 DEG C ~ 80 DEG C
2~ 200N/cm
2pressure composite diaphragm is suppressed.
Advantage of the present invention and beneficial effect are:
1, based on the defect of traditional zinc-silver oxide cell barrier film, the present invention proposes following idea: in organic polymer matrix, add the inorganic particulate processed, make full use of the advantages such as the heat-resisting quantity of inorganic material, corrosion resistance and electrolyte wettability, obtain mechanical performance and all good composite diaphragm of electric property, the method comprehensively can improve electric property and the useful life of zinc-silver oxide cell.
2, the zinc-silver oxide cell barrier film using present invention process to prepare has the features such as production technology is simple, with low cost, excellent combination property, can realize large-scale industrial production.
In a word, high-molecular organic material of the present invention provides pliability and the resistance silver of barrier film, and hydrophilic inorganic material gives barrier film high pick up, strong oxidative resistance and alkali corrosion resistance.Meanwhile, inorganic particulate ensure that the stability of diaphragm size.Inorganic particulate and high-molecular organic material are mixed in a solvent, obtains composite diaphragm through curtain coating or the technique such as knifing and drying.The present invention, by inorganic material and traditional high-molecular organic material compound, combines the advantage of bi-material, overcomes the shortcoming of traditional zinc-silver oxide cell barrier film, has the features such as filming technology is simple, cost is low, and barrier film combination property is superior, and easily extensive large scale is produced.
Embodiment
In the present invention, unless specified otherwise, the percentage related to is mass percent.
Embodiment 1
2.0g3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane is slowly joined in 100ml water, is uniformly mixed.In above-mentioned solution, add 20gNaA zeolite particles (2.0 μm), continue to stir 6h.In 80 DEG C of dryings 12 hours after centrifugal washing 2 times, obtain the inorganic particulate of surface modification.3.5g cellulose acetate, 0.7gNaA zeolite, 2.0g water are joined in 50g acetone, ball milling 4h, after froth in vacuum, obtain desirable film forming slurry.Adopt biofilm legal system to be about the composite membrane of 50 μm for wet-film thickness on a glass, drying at room temperature 2h is placed on dry 6h in 80 DEG C of baking ovens, finally at 60 DEG C with 100N/cm
2pressure under through twin rollers compacting obtain organic-inorganic composite diaphragm.
Above-mentioned composite diaphragm is tested.
Thickness measuring result: build is 16 μm.
High temperature test result: 150 DEG C of insulation 30min, diaphragm size is unchanged.
Absorbency test result: composite diaphragm soaks 1h in the KOH solution of 30wt%, comparing pick up with dry film is 219%.
Tensile strength test results: horizontal, longitudinal tensile strength is all greater than 30MPa.
Embodiment 2
1.5g vinyltrimethoxy silane is slowly joined in 100ml water, is uniformly mixed.In above-mentioned solution, add 20gMFI zeolite particles (2.5 μm), continue to stir 6h.In 80 DEG C of dryings 12 hours after centrifugal washing 2 times, obtain the inorganic particulate of surface modification.3.5g cellulose acetate, 1.2gMFI zeolite, 1.5g water are joined in 50g acetone, ball milling 4h, after froth in vacuum, obtain desirable film forming slurry.Adopt biofilm legal system to be about the composite membrane of 60 μm for wet-film thickness on a glass, drying at room temperature 2h is placed on dry 6h in 80 DEG C of baking ovens, finally at 50 DEG C with 120N/cm
2pressure under through twin rollers compacting obtain organic-inorganic composite diaphragm.
Above-mentioned composite diaphragm is tested.
Thickness measuring result: build is 25 μm.
High temperature test result: 150 DEG C of insulation 30min, diaphragm size is unchanged.
Absorbency test result: composite diaphragm soaks 1h in the KOH solution of 30wt%, comparing pick up with dry film is 235%.
Tensile strength test results: horizontal, longitudinal tensile strength is all greater than 30MPa.
Embodiment 3
3.2g vinyltrimethoxy silane is slowly joined in 100ml water, is uniformly mixed.20gAl is added in above-mentioned solution
2o
3particle (0.5 μm), continues to stir 6h.In 80 DEG C of dryings 12 hours after washing 2 times, obtain the inorganic particulate of surface modification.By 5.0g methylhydroxypropylcellulose, 2.0gAl
2o
3particle, 3.6g water join in the mixed solvent (mass ratio 50:50) of 80g acetone and N methylformamide, and ball milling 4h, obtains desirable film forming slurry after froth in vacuum.Adopt biofilm legal system to be about the composite membrane of 50 μm for wet-film thickness on a glass, drying at room temperature 2h is placed on dry 6h in 80 DEG C of baking ovens, finally at 80 DEG C with 100N/cm
2pressure under through twin rollers compacting obtain organic-inorganic composite diaphragm.
Above-mentioned composite diaphragm is tested.
Thickness measuring result: build is 22 μm.
High temperature test result: 150 DEG C of insulation 30min, diaphragm size is unchanged.
Absorbency test result: composite diaphragm soaks 1h in the KOH solution of 30wt%, comparing pick up with dry film is 230%.
Tensile strength test results: horizontal, longitudinal tensile strength is all greater than 30MPa.
Embodiment 4
2.5g3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane is slowly joined in 100ml water, is uniformly mixed.20gSiO is added in above-mentioned solution
2particle (0.8 μm), continues to stir 6h.In 80 DEG C of dryings 12 hours after centrifugal washing 2 times, obtain the inorganic particulate of surface modification.4.5g methyl hydroxyethylcellulose, 1.0gSiO2 particle, 3.0g water are joined in 120g acetone, ball milling 4h, after froth in vacuum, obtain desirable film forming slurry.Adopt biofilm legal system to be about the composite membrane of 60 μm for wet-film thickness on a glass, drying at room temperature 2h is placed on dry 6h in 80 DEG C of baking ovens, finally at 55 DEG C with 150N/cm
2pressure under through twin rollers compacting obtain organic-inorganic composite diaphragm.
Above-mentioned composite diaphragm is tested.
Thickness measuring result: build is 26 μm.
High temperature test result: 150 DEG C of insulation 30min, diaphragm size is unchanged.
Absorbency test result: composite diaphragm soaks 1h in the KOH solution of 30wt%, comparing pick up with dry film is 245%.
Tensile strength test results: horizontal, longitudinal tensile strength is all greater than 30MPa.
Embodiment 5
2.0g vinyltrimethoxy silane is slowly joined in 100ml water slowly, is uniformly mixed.20gTiO is added in above-mentioned solution
2particle (1.0 μm), continues to stir 6h.In 80 DEG C of dryings 12 hours after centrifugal washing 2 times, obtain the inorganic particulate of surface modification.By 3.5g cellulose acetate, 1.0gTiO
2particle, 5.0g water join in 100g acetone, ball milling 4h, obtain desirable film forming slurry after froth in vacuum.Adopt biofilm legal system to be about the composite membrane of 55 μm for wet-film thickness on a glass, drying at room temperature 2h is placed on dry 6h in 80 DEG C of baking ovens, finally at 70 DEG C with 120N/cm
2pressure under through twin rollers compacting obtain organic-inorganic composite diaphragm.
Above-mentioned composite diaphragm is tested.
Thickness measuring result: build is 20 μm.
High temperature test result: 150 DEG C of insulation 30min, diaphragm size is unchanged.
Absorbency test result: composite diaphragm soaks 1h in the KOH solution of 30wt%, comparing pick up with dry film is 228%.
Tensile strength test results: horizontal, longitudinal tensile strength is all greater than 30MPa.
Embodiment result shows, organic-inorganic composite diaphragm provided by the invention and preparation method thereof, owing to adding all good inorganic material of corrosion resistance, oxidative resistance and absorbency in macromolecule matrix, achieve the raising of zinc-silver oxide cell barrier film combination property, and have that preparation technology is simple, cost is low, without the need to the advantage such as production equipment of costliness, can large-scale industrial production be realized.
Claims (6)
1. a high liquid-absorbing and oxidative resistance zinc-silver oxide cell barrier film, it is characterized in that, barrier film comprises high-molecular organic material and is scattered in inorganic particulate wherein, prepares composite diaphragm by the mixed slurry of inorganic particulate and high-molecular organic material by film-forming process;
The ceramic-like materials that described inorganic particulate is good hydrophilic property, alkali resistance is high, described high-molecular organic material is the material that oxidative resistance and alkali resistance are higher;
Described inorganic particulate and the mixed slurry of high-molecular organic material are made up of the raw material of following mass parts: 1000 ~ 10000 mass parts solvents, 10 ~ 200 mass parts high-molecular organic materials, 1 ~ 50 mass parts inorganic particulate, 3 ~ 200 mass parts additives;
The solvent of described mixed slurry is one or more arbitrary proportion mixtures of acetone, dimethyl formamide, 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE;
The additive of described mixed slurry is one or more arbitrary proportion mixtures of water, methyl alcohol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, cyclohexane, oxolane;
The inorganic particulate of described mixed slurry is one or more arbitrary proportion mixtures in micropore, mesopore or macropore class zeolite particles, alundum (Al2O3), silicon dioxide, zirconia, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide, its even particle size distribution, scope is 0.04 ~ 5.0 μm;
The high-molecular organic material of described mixed slurry is one or more arbitrary proportion mixtures in cellulose acetate, methyl hydroxyethylcellulose, ethylhydroxyethylcellulose, methylhydroxypropylcellulose;
The solid content of described mixed slurry is 3wt% ~ 50wt%, wherein the mass ratio 20:1 ~ 1:3 of high-molecular organic material and inorganic particulate;
Described inorganic particulate carries out surface modification treatment through silane coupler, and silane coupler comprises one or more arbitrary proportion mixtures of vinyl silanes, amino silane, methacryloxypropyl silane, 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxy silane.
2. a preparation method for high liquid-absorbing according to claim 1 and oxidative resistance zinc-silver oxide cell barrier film, is characterized in that: comprise the mixed slurry preparation of the surface modification of inorganic particulate, inorganic particulate and high-molecular organic material, slurry film forming, drying, pressing process.
3. the preparation method of high liquid-absorbing according to claim 2 and oxidative resistance zinc-silver oxide cell barrier film, it is characterized in that: the mixed slurry preparation of described inorganic particulate and high-molecular organic material, solvent, high-molecular organic material, inorganic particulate and additive are mixed, the hybrid mode of slurry adopts one or more cooperations in mechanical agitation, ball grinding stirring and ultrasound treatment patterns.
4. the preparation method of high liquid-absorbing according to claim 2 and oxidative resistance zinc-silver oxide cell barrier film, is characterized in that: described slurry film-forming process adopts spray embrane method, scrape in embrane method, the tape casting, rolling method one or more share.
5. the preparation method of high liquid-absorbing according to claim 4 and oxidative resistance zinc-silver oxide cell barrier film, is characterized in that: described mixed slurry needs through vacuum defoamation process before film forming.
6. the preparation method of high liquid-absorbing according to claim 2 and oxidative resistance zinc-silver oxide cell barrier film, is characterized in that: after described mixed slurry film forming, drying, also comprise pressing process, with 10N/cm at 50 DEG C ~ 80 DEG C
2~ 200N/cm
2pressure composite diaphragm is suppressed.
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| CN104022251B (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2016-03-30 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | A kind of difunctional zinc-silver primary cell barrier film and preparation method thereof |
| EP3031847A1 (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2016-06-15 | Solvay Acetow GmbH | Polymer composition comprising basic additive, process and articles comprising said polymer composition |
| CN111785898B (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2022-12-16 | 南京林业大学 | Cellulose-based integrated zinc ion battery and preparation method thereof |
| CN112531287B (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-08-17 | 北京理工大学深圳汽车研究院(电动车辆国家工程实验室深圳研究院) | Zinc-silver secondary battery diaphragm, preparation method thereof and zinc-silver secondary battery |
| CN112531289B (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-08-17 | 北京理工大学深圳汽车研究院(电动车辆国家工程实验室深圳研究院) | Zinc-silver reserve battery diaphragm, preparation method thereof and zinc-silver reserve battery |
| CN113224463B (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2023-02-21 | 燕山大学 | Cellulose-based diaphragm and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN1665049A (en) * | 2005-02-21 | 2005-09-07 | 天津大学 | Alkaline battery cellulose triacetate-metal oxide composite membrane and making method thereof |
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| CN1665049A (en) * | 2005-02-21 | 2005-09-07 | 天津大学 | Alkaline battery cellulose triacetate-metal oxide composite membrane and making method thereof |
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| 不同粒径分布的纳米二氧化钛在醋酸纤维素超滤膜中的分散性能研究;湛含辉 等;《功能材料》;20091231;第40卷(第12期);第2092页引言部分第1段 * |
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