CN106784526A - A kind of ceramic coating membrane as lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of ceramic coating membrane as lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106784526A
CN106784526A CN201611192413.XA CN201611192413A CN106784526A CN 106784526 A CN106784526 A CN 106784526A CN 201611192413 A CN201611192413 A CN 201611192413A CN 106784526 A CN106784526 A CN 106784526A
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ceramic
lithium ion
ion battery
barrier film
coating membrane
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CN201611192413.XA
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CN106784526B (en
Inventor
蒋勤虚
李小平
郭锋
周雷军
蔡若愚
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Zhejiang Nandu Hongxin Power Technology Co.,Ltd.
Zhejiang Narada Power Source Co Ltd
Hangzhou Nandu Power Technology Co Ltd
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Zhejiang Narada Power Source Co Ltd
Hangzhou Nandu Power Technology Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/403Manufacturing processes of separators, membranes or diaphragms
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/409Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
    • H01M50/431Inorganic material
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Cell Separators (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of ceramic coating membrane as lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof.The present invention by after the hydro-thermal reaction treatment of aqueous slkali, mixing with binding agent and solvent, sprays on barrier film commercial lithium ion battery separator ceramic powders by electrostatic spraying processes.Compared with before coating, there is preferable heat resistance, mechanical strength higher and pick up high by the barrier film after coating.It is uniform and fine and close by the ceramic coating after electrostatic spraying processes spraying, there is larger contribution for improving in pick up, heat resistance and intensity.

Description

A kind of ceramic coating membrane as lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of lithium ion, be related to a kind of ceramic coating membrane as lithium ion battery and Its preparation method.
Background technology
Barrier film as lithium ion battery pith, play insulation, intercept both positive and negative polarity prevent short circuit effect, meanwhile, It is required that barrier film has good absorbent, absorption electrolyte, transmission lithium ion.But lithium ion battery is in use not Crack between the teeth occurring of avoiding overcharge, high temperature, the extreme case such as short circuit, the appearance of these situations may destroy barrier film, from And irreversible machinery and fire damage are caused to battery, ultimately result in the generation of safety problem.General conventional barrier film is mainly Polypropylene diaphragm, polyethylene diagrams or polypropylene, polyethylene/polypropylene composite materials barrier film.Although polyalkene diaphragm has certain Mechanical strength and thermal stability, and at high temperature can closed pore prevent the ability of battery short circuit, but its mechanical strength and heat Performance does not reach required ideal value still.In long-term circulation, battery can produce Li dendrite and pierce through barrier film, cause positive and negative Extremely short road, or cause the serious short circuit for producing of diaphragm retracts because the temperature anomaly during use is high, finally can all lead Send a telegraph the safety problem of core.In addition, the surface of common polyalkene diaphragm can be relatively low, its molecule segment is nonpolar, thus with pole Property electrolyte cannot preferably interact, therefore barrier film is poor to the wellability of electrolyte, and battery core impedance increases, cycle performance Decline.
At present, to concentrate on ceramic coated substantially to the research of barrier film technical.Ceramic coated is a kind of effective method, nothing Organic coating has preferable mechanical structure, and the heat of barrier film is reduced when can to a certain extent lift the mechanical strength of barrier film, be heated Shrink.The absorbency of barrier film is also increased simultaneously, and prevents barrier film from aoxidizing under high voltages.General ceramic powder particle It is larger, when coating cannot full and uniform covering membrane surface, and rotogravure application precision is typically small.Electrostatic spraying method Simply, coating uniformity and thickness can preferably be controlled.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of ceramic coating membrane as lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof, There is provided a kind of pick up, heat endurance and the preferable ceramic coating membrane of mechanical strength simultaneously.Another object of the present invention is In order to provide application of the above-mentioned barrier film in lithium ion battery.
The present invention is used as lithium ion battery ceramic coating membrane, including conventional lithium ion battery barrier film, and is attached to Composite ceramic layer (the coating layer thickness on lithium ion battery separator surface:1~5 μm) prepare comprise the following steps that:
Step (1):Ceramic powders, NaOH, deionized water are configured to mixed solution and are stirred, stirring is equal Even solution is fitted into hydrothermal reaction kettle, after reaction terminates, cools down, solution is filtered and is washed with deionized, and is processed Ceramic powders afterwards, and dry stand-by;
Step (2):Ceramic powders after step (1) treatment, binding agent and solvent are mixed in proportion, wherein after treatment Ceramic powders are 3~5 with the mass ratio of binding agent:1, solvent is 4 with the mass ratio of solute:1, it is placed in mechanical agitation under normal temperature 6~10 hours, obtain uniform ceramic coated mixed liquor;
Step (3):A certain amount of ceramic coated mixed liquor is drawn with syringe, is fitted into electrostatic atomizer, by external electricity Syringe needle is clamped in source, and then lithium ion battery separator tiling is fixed on the metallic plate of ground connection, and adjustment operating voltage is 20KV, reception distance are 10cm, flow rate is 0.1ml/min, obtain the composite diaphragm of ceramic coated;By answering that electrostatic spray is obtained Close barrier film in baking oven at 65~70 DEG C dry 3~4 hours, thoroughly to remove residual solvent, make binding agent, ceramic powders with every Film combination firmly, obtains lithium ion battery Ceramic Composite barrier film.
Preferably, in the step (1), ceramic powders, NaOH, the mass ratio of deionized water are 1:1:16;Hydro-thermal Reaction temperature is 130 DEG C, and the reaction time is 30 minutes;Drying temperature is 90 DEG C.
Preferably, described binding agent is in Kynoar, polyvinyl alcohol, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyacrylic acid formicester One or more.
Preferably, described ceramic powders are A12O3、TiO2、MgO、SiO2In one kind.Described lithium ion battery every Film is polyethylene film, polypropylene screen, polyester film, polyimide film or PA membrane.Described solvent is N ' N dimethyl pyrroles One or more in alkanone, N ' N-dimethylformamides, acetone, deionized water.
Ceramic coating membrane prepared by methods described, it is characterised in that including lithium ion battery separator, and be attached to lithium The composite ceramic layer of ion battery membrane surface.The coating layer thickness of described composite ceramic layer is 1~5 μm.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
The hydro-thermal process of sodium hydroxide solution, can moderately change the bond conjunction state between ceramic lattice and (OH), in pottery More (OH) keys of porcelain adsorption.In electrostatic spraying processes preparation process, ceramic size is sprayed with drops, can be preferably Contacted with membrane surface.Pick up simultaneously higher can ensure the quick conduction of lithium ion, reduce the potential difference at barrier film two ends, Realize the discharge and recharge under big multiplying power.Inorganic ceramic heat endurance and electrochemical stability are strong, can improve the heat resistance of barrier film And mechanical strength.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is membrane surface feature image before and after coating;
Fig. 2 is the electrical schematic diagram of difference embodiment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be below described in detail, due in barrier film preparation process of the present invention It is related to variable more, wherein several embodiments is only listed herein for reference.Wherein embodiment 1~3 is different tests reality Example, embodiment 4 is barrier film quantitative measurement, and embodiment 5 is that the barrier film prepared by embodiment 1~3 is assembled into button cell, And the discharge and recharge under 0.2C, 0.5C, 1C, 3C and 5C different multiplying, test the performance of its capacity.
Embodiment 1:
Step (1):By alumina ceramic powder, NaOH, deionized water with 1:1:16 are configured to mixed solution and stir Mix uniform.The solution for stirring is fitted into hydrothermal reaction kettle, is reacted 30 minutes at 130 DEG C.After reaction terminates, cools down, Solution is filtered and is washed with deionized, the ceramic powders after being processed, and dried at 90 DEG C stand-by.
Step (2):By alumina ceramic powder, Kynoar binding agent and N ' N dimethyls pyrrolidinone solvent press than Example mixing (ceramics and binding agent mass ratio 3:1, solid compares 1 with solvent quality:4) mechanical agitation 6~10 is small under, being placed in normal temperature When, obtain uniform ceramic coated mixed liquor;
Step (3):A certain amount of ceramic coated mixed liquor is drawn with syringe, is fitted into electrostatic atomizer, by external electricity Syringe needle is clamped in source, and then lithium ion battery separator tiling is fixed on the metallic plate of ground connection.Adjusting operating voltage is 20KV, reception distance are 10cm, flow rate is 0.1ml/min, obtain the composite diaphragm of ceramic coated.By answering that electrostatic spray is obtained Close barrier film in baking oven at 65~70 DEG C dry 3~4 hours, thoroughly to remove residual solvent, make binding agent, ceramic powders with every Film combination firmly, obtains lithium ion battery Ceramic Composite barrier film.
Embodiment 2:
Step (1):By alumina ceramic powder, NaOH, deionized water with 1:1:16 are configured to mixed solution and stir Mix uniform.The solution for stirring is fitted into hydrothermal reaction kettle, is reacted 30 minutes at 130 DEG C.After reaction terminates, cools down, Solution is filtered and is washed with deionized, the ceramic powders after being processed, and dried at 90 DEG C stand-by.
Step (2):By alumina ceramic powder, Kynoar binding agent and N ' N dimethyls pyrrolidinone solvent press than Example mixing (ceramics and binding agent mass ratio 4:1, solid compares 1 with solvent quality:4) mechanical agitation 6~10 is small under, being placed in normal temperature When, obtain uniform ceramic coated mixed liquor;
Step (3):A certain amount of ceramic coated mixed liquor is drawn with syringe, is fitted into electrostatic atomizer, by external electricity Syringe needle is clamped in source, and then lithium ion battery separator tiling is fixed on the metallic plate of ground connection.Adjusting operating voltage is 20KV, reception distance are 10cm, flow rate is 0.1ml/min, obtain the composite diaphragm of ceramic coated.By answering that electrostatic spray is obtained Close barrier film in baking oven at 65~70 DEG C dry 3~4 hours, thoroughly to remove residual solvent, make binding agent, ceramic powders with every Film combination firmly, obtains lithium ion battery Ceramic Composite barrier film.
Embodiment 3:
Step (1):By alumina ceramic powder, NaOH, deionized water with 1:1:16 are configured to mixed solution and stir Mix uniform.The solution for stirring is fitted into hydrothermal reaction kettle, is reacted 30 minutes at 130 DEG C.After reaction terminates, cools down, Solution is filtered and is washed with deionized, the ceramic powders after being processed, and dried at 90 DEG C stand-by.
Step (2):By alumina ceramic powder, Kynoar binding agent and N ' N dimethyls pyrrolidinone solvent press than Example mixing (ceramics and binding agent mass ratio 5:1, solid compares 1 with solvent quality:4) mechanical agitation 6~10 is small under, being placed in normal temperature When, obtain uniform ceramic coated mixed liquor;
Step (3):A certain amount of ceramic coated mixed liquor is drawn with syringe, is fitted into electrostatic atomizer, by external electricity Syringe needle is clamped in source, and then lithium ion battery separator tiling is fixed on the metallic plate of ground connection.Adjusting operating voltage is 20KV, reception distance are 10cm, flow rate is 0.1ml/min, obtain the composite diaphragm of ceramic coated.By answering that electrostatic spray is obtained Close barrier film in baking oven at 65~70 DEG C dry 3~4 hours, thoroughly to remove residual solvent, make binding agent, ceramic powders with every Film combination firmly, obtains lithium ion battery Ceramic Composite barrier film.
Embodiment 4:Barrier film quantitative measurement
A. the pick up test of composite ceramics coating barrier film.To be taken after 2h in barrier film immersion commercial electrolyte liquid before and after coating Go out, remove the unabsorbed electrolyte of excess surface, weigh, test its pick up.
Wherein d2It is the quality, d of being weighed after imbibition1It is quality of being weighed before imbibition
B. composite ceramics coats the mechanical strength test of barrier film.Barrier film before and after coating is cut into a certain size, in omnipotent drawing Its tensile strength and puncture strength are tested on force tester.
C. composite ceramics coats the thermal contraction performance of barrier film.Barrier film before and after coating, smooth is put into 130 DEG C of baking ovens. Taken out after 1h, measure its thermal contraction.
Wherein l1It is the length before baking, l2It is the length after baking.
D. barrier film permeability test.Ceramic coating membrane is placed in air penetrability tester, test 100ml gases pass through institute The time of needs.
Example 5:Composite ceramics coats the electric performance test of barrier film
Barrier film, positive plate, negative plate obtained in embodiment 1~3 are punched into the disk of 10mm, it is auxiliary by negative pole of lithium piece Electrode is helped, button cell is made with anode cover, anode pole piece, target barrier film, cathode pole piece, lithium piece, the order of negative electrode casing successively. Button cell is carried out into charge and discharge cycles test between 2.5~3.65V.
Comparison example:
A., polypropylene diaphragm without ceramic coating is carried out the test of physical property
B., polypropylene diaphragm, positive plate, negative plate are punched into the disk of 10mm, are negative pole auxiliary electrode with lithium piece, with Anode cover, anode pole piece, target barrier film, cathode pole piece, lithium piece, the order of negative electrode casing are made button cell successively.By button electricity Pond carries out charge and discharge cycles test between 2.5~3.65V.
It is attached:Table 1 is barrier film physical properties results, and Fig. 1 is membrane surface feature image before and after coating;Fig. 2 for the present invention not With the electrical schematic diagram of embodiment.
The barrier film physical property of table 1

Claims (9)

1. the preparation method of a kind of ceramic coating membrane as lithium ion battery, it is characterised in that the method includes following step Suddenly:
Step (1):Ceramic powders, NaOH, deionized water are configured to mixed solution and are stirred, by what is stirred Solution is fitted into hydrothermal reaction kettle, after reaction terminates, cools down, solution is filtered and is washed with deionized, after being processed Ceramic powders, and dry stand-by;
Step (2):Ceramic powders after step (1) treatment, binding agent and solvent are mixed in proportion, wherein the ceramics after treatment Powder is 3~5 with the mass ratio of binding agent:1, solvent is 4 with the mass ratio of solute:1, be placed in mechanical agitation 6 under normal temperature~ 10 hours, obtain uniform ceramic coated mixed liquor;
Step (3):A certain amount of ceramic coated mixed liquor is drawn with syringe, is fitted into electrostatic atomizer, external power supply is pressed from both sides , then be fixed on the metallic plate of ground connection for lithium ion battery separator tiling by firmly syringe needle, adjustment operating voltage be 20KV, Distance is received for 10cm, flow rate are 0.1ml/min, the composite diaphragm of ceramic coated is obtained;By electrostatic spray obtain it is compound every Film is dried 3~4 hours in baking oven at 65~70 DEG C, thoroughly to remove residual solvent, makes binding agent, ceramic powders and barrier film knot Close firm, obtain lithium ion battery Ceramic Composite barrier film.
2. preparation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in the step (1), ceramic powders, NaOH, goes The mass ratio of ionized water is 1:1:16;Hydrothermal temperature is 130 DEG C, and the reaction time is 30 minutes;Drying temperature is 90 DEG C.
3. ceramic coating membrane as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described binding agent is Kynoar, polyethylene One or more in alcohol, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyacrylic acid formicester.
4. ceramic coating membrane as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described ceramic powders are A12O3、TiO2、MgO、 SiO2In one kind.
5. ceramic coating membrane as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described lithium ion battery separator be polyethylene film, Polypropylene screen, polyester film, polyimide film or PA membrane.
6. preparation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described solvent is N ' N dimethyls pyrrolidones, N ' N bis- One or more in NMF, acetone, deionized water.
7. the ceramic coating membrane that prepared by a kind of method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that including lithium ion battery separator, And it is attached to the composite ceramic layer on lithium ion battery separator surface.
8. ceramic coating membrane as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the coating layer thickness of described composite ceramic layer is 1~ 5μm。
9. application of the ceramic coating membrane as claimed in claim 7 in lithium ion battery.
CN201611192413.XA 2016-12-21 2016-12-21 A kind of ceramic coating membrane and preparation method thereof as lithium ion battery Active CN106784526B (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108091806A (en) * 2017-12-06 2018-05-29 上海恩捷新材料科技股份有限公司 A kind of lithium ion battery separator and preparation method thereof
CN109599523A (en) * 2018-11-27 2019-04-09 湖南农业大学 A kind of ceramic coating membrane and preparation method thereof
WO2020211621A1 (en) * 2019-04-18 2020-10-22 比亚迪股份有限公司 Porous diaphragm and preparation method therefor, and lithium-ion battery
CN112259915A (en) * 2020-09-25 2021-01-22 横店集团东磁股份有限公司 Battery composite diaphragm and preparation method and application thereof
CN112259901A (en) * 2019-07-03 2021-01-22 比亚迪股份有限公司 Gluing diaphragm for lithium ion battery and preparation method and application thereof
CN114552117A (en) * 2021-12-30 2022-05-27 西安理工大学 Inorganic substance modified polymer composite diaphragm for battery and preparation method thereof

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103059613A (en) * 2012-12-31 2013-04-24 天津市捷威动力工业有限公司 Lithium ion battery safe coating and preparation method thereof
JP2015159053A (en) * 2014-02-25 2015-09-03 三菱製紙株式会社 battery separator
CN105845873A (en) * 2016-05-18 2016-08-10 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 Lithium ion battery ceramic diaphragm coated with polyvinylidene fluoride, and preparation method therefor

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103059613A (en) * 2012-12-31 2013-04-24 天津市捷威动力工业有限公司 Lithium ion battery safe coating and preparation method thereof
JP2015159053A (en) * 2014-02-25 2015-09-03 三菱製紙株式会社 battery separator
CN105845873A (en) * 2016-05-18 2016-08-10 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 Lithium ion battery ceramic diaphragm coated with polyvinylidene fluoride, and preparation method therefor

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108091806A (en) * 2017-12-06 2018-05-29 上海恩捷新材料科技股份有限公司 A kind of lithium ion battery separator and preparation method thereof
CN108091806B (en) * 2017-12-06 2021-11-26 江西省通瑞新能源科技发展有限公司 Lithium ion battery diaphragm and preparation method thereof
CN109599523A (en) * 2018-11-27 2019-04-09 湖南农业大学 A kind of ceramic coating membrane and preparation method thereof
WO2020211621A1 (en) * 2019-04-18 2020-10-22 比亚迪股份有限公司 Porous diaphragm and preparation method therefor, and lithium-ion battery
CN112259901A (en) * 2019-07-03 2021-01-22 比亚迪股份有限公司 Gluing diaphragm for lithium ion battery and preparation method and application thereof
CN112259901B (en) * 2019-07-03 2022-03-18 比亚迪股份有限公司 Gluing diaphragm for lithium ion battery and preparation method and application thereof
CN112259915A (en) * 2020-09-25 2021-01-22 横店集团东磁股份有限公司 Battery composite diaphragm and preparation method and application thereof
CN112259915B (en) * 2020-09-25 2022-07-12 横店集团东磁股份有限公司 Battery composite diaphragm and preparation method and application thereof
CN114552117A (en) * 2021-12-30 2022-05-27 西安理工大学 Inorganic substance modified polymer composite diaphragm for battery and preparation method thereof

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Effective date of registration: 20210527

Address after: No.72, landscape Avenue, Qingshanhu street, Lin'an City, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province

Patentee after: ZHEJIANG NARADA POWER SOURCE Co.,Ltd.

Patentee after: HANGZHOU NANDU POWER TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd.

Patentee after: Zhejiang Nandu Hongxin Power Technology Co.,Ltd.

Address before: No.72, landscape Avenue, Qingshanhu street, Lin'an City, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province

Patentee before: ZHEJIANG NARADA POWER SOURCE Co.,Ltd.

Patentee before: HANGZHOU NANDU POWER TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd.